Fluke 975V Fluke Air Quality Measurement - Making the Number Add Up Understand
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- Fluke 975V | Fluke Air Quality Measurement - Making the Number Add Up Understand - Page 1
type of particles (such as the species of mold or bacteria) is important. • Gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), a byproduct of respiration that can indicate the rate of fresh air exchange into an indoor space, and carbon monoxide, a poison. From the Fluke Digital Library @ www.fluke.com/library - Fluke 975V | Fluke Air Quality Measurement - Making the Number Add Up Understand - Page 2
contaminants cause specific health problems that demand legislation. In used to measure some air quality parameters, such as CO2 and CO, made by instruments that were calibrated and employed as specified by of some air quality sensors makes their readings even . Fluke Corporation Making - Fluke 975V | Fluke Air Quality Measurement - Making the Number Add Up Understand - Page 3
is important to keep that tool properly calibrated in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. Unlike a yardstick, an air quality test instrument's performance will change over time. Calibration and, when necessary, replacement of out-of-date or worn-out sensors will bring the tool back to peak - Fluke 975V | Fluke Air Quality Measurement - Making the Number Add Up Understand - Page 4
to flush particles out of the instrument. Users can calibrate the instrument for a zero particle count by applying a HEPA (high efficiency particle air) filter over the air intake port. Carbon dioxide Sensor technologies. CO2 sensors use a non-dispersive infrared technology. Incandescent light is - Fluke 975V | Fluke Air Quality Measurement - Making the Number Add Up Understand - Page 5
. A rough calibration can be achieved using outdoor air, which should contain 350 to 450 parts per million of CO2. Dry nitrogen, which contains no CO2, may be used as a zeroing gas. Carbon monoxide Sensor technologies. Carbon monoxide testers use an electrochemical gel sensor technology. Technology
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Application Note
Making the numbers add up:
Understanding specifications
and performance of indoor
air quality test instruments
From the Fluke Digital Library @ www.fluke.com/library
Air quality test instruments must deliver accurate
and verifiable performance, both to ensure precise
and reliable air quality diagnosis, and to provide
credible answers if results or procedures are chal-
lenged. The air quality professional’s reputation
depends on the quality and performance of the test
tools in use, as well as on the user’s understanding
of instrument specifications, technologies, applica-
tions and maintenance. In this paper we examine:
•
Measurement issues and air quality standards.
Though firm
standards for indoor air quality outside the industrial setting
are limited, accurate measurement is important nonetheless.
•
Instrument specifications.
Not all specs are created equal.
Definitions of instrument performance and accuracy may vary
from one manufacturer to another, making it a challenge to
determine which instrument delivers the required performance.
•
Instrument drift and calibration.
Over time, test instruments
can and will drift out of spec. Instrument testing and calibra-
tion, following the schedule and methods recommended by
the manufacturer, are vital to ensuring the accuracy of air
quality measurement. Calibration should be documented for
verification.
•
The characteristics of test technologies.
The sensor tech-
nologies used to measure some air quality parameters have
limited stability. Instrument performance may be affected by
such factors as altitude, ambient temperature and barometric
pressure unless the user takes steps to compensate.
Issues in air quality
measurement
The measurement of indoor air
quality is influenced by a variety
of factors, including the char-
acteristics air exhibits as a fluid
and gas, the standards of accu-
racy we must meet when making
measurements, the performance
characteristics of air quality test
instruments and the way we use
and maintain those instruments.
The fluid nature of air.
The
subtleties of air quality measure-
ment begin with the very nature
of air. Measuring air quality is
not like measuring a two by four.
The principal indoor air qual-
ity characteristics we measure
include:
•
Air temperature
•
Humidity
•
Airborne particle sizes and
numbers. In sensitive environ-
ments such as medical facili-
ties, the type of particles (such
as the species of mold or bac-
teria) is important.
•
Gases, such as carbon dioxide
(CO
2
), a byproduct of respira-
tion that can indicate the rate
of fresh air exchange into an
indoor space, and carbon mon-
oxide, a poison.
Because it is a gas, air is com-
pressible. Its density varies with
changes in altitude, temperature
and barometric pressure. Unless
compensation is dialed in when
instruments are set up, or com-
pensation circuits are built into
the instruments, changes in air
density can affect the accuracy of
some air quality measurements.
Unless it carries large quanti-
ties of pollutants, air is invisible.
Instruments are needed to deter-
mine the levels of chemicals or
particles borne along by the air.