Lenovo PC 300PL Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565)
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- Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 1
IBM Understanding Your Personal Computer - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 2
- Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 3
IBM Understanding Your Personal Computer - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 4
Understanding Your Personal Computer - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 5
services offered in the United States of America. IBM may not offer the products, services, IBM reseller or IBM marketing representative. © Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 2000. All rights reserved. Note to U.S. Government Users - Documentation related to restricted rights - Use - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 6
speed 1 Microprocessor cache 1 Microprocessor bus 2 Microprocessor instructions 2 Memory 2 Main memory 2 CMOS memory 3 10 Power management 10 Selecting a monitor 11 Using monitor controls 11 Using screen savers 11 Video control 11 Accelerated Graphics Copyright IBM Corp. 2000 iii - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 7
Zip drives 25 Chapter 6. Security 26 Information backup 26 Erased files 27 Computer viruses 27 Chapter 7. Software 28 Software layers 28 POST 28 Configuration/Setup Utility program 29 Operating systems 29 Device drivers 29 Latest-level device drivers 30 Device-driver types 30 Video - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 8
. Not all features and capabilities described in this book are available on all models. For specific information about features and instructions on how to set up, operate, maintain, or install options into your computer, see the user guide publication that comes with your computer. © Copyright - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 9
vi Understanding Your Personal Computer - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 10
stroke, data from a disk drive, or information from a communication about the type and speed of specific speed. A clock cycle is the time that the microprocessor takes to perform one instruction memory that stores information most often used by the microprocessor. Integrated cache IBM Corp. 2000 1 - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 11
specific address hard disk. IBM computers use two types used in your computer, see the user guide publication that is provided with your computer. The DIMMs contain a type of memory known as synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM). SDRAM is used for temporary storage of data and instructions - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 12
RIMMs. (Some microprocessors do not support ECC. For more information, see the user guide publication.) If a mix of ECC and non-ECC is used, the memory modules will function as non-ECC. The module connectors are located on the system board. For information about the type and amount of main memory in - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 13
storing frequently used data and instructions in a cache. A cache is a buffer between the microprocessor and main memory. For information about the cache memory in your computer, view the System Summary screen displayed by the Configuration/Setup Utility program. Level-1 cache The type of level - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 14
BIOS. Extended memory starts above the first 1 MB, appended to conventional memory. Use of this space is dependent on the operating system and application programs. Not all programs can use extended memory. Expanded memory is controlled through an expanded memory specification (EMS) device driver - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 15
programs. The operating system uses a portion of the hard disk as virtual memory, swapping data and instructions between the hard disk and physical memory. functions: Audio-port controller and interface Bus-mastering Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE) interface Counters and timers Direct memory - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 16
carries (or transfers) information inside the computer; information includes data, addresses, instructions, and controls. The microprocessor has an external bus, called the microprocessor bus consistency in the design and use of PCI peripheral devices across multiple computer families. © Copyright - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 17
must be configured using the device-driver software that comes with the adapter. If you want to install a Plug and Play adapter in a computer whose operating system does not support Plug and Play technology, see the documentation that comes with the adapter for instructions. This information in - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 18
for the display. Flat panel monitors use liquid crystal display (LCD) screens, which are usually smaller and lighter. Although there are various types of monitors, the most common distinguishing a very stable image with little or no detectable flicker. Monitors with © Copyright IBM Corp. 2000 9 - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 19
rest of the image on the screen remains stable. DDC protocol Potential problems with monitor flicker are reduced by operating a monitor at its highest using it. A monitor with VESA Display Power Management Signaling (DPMS) support can save a significant amount of energy and have a longer useful - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 20
Product Recovery CD, some device drivers might be available on a separate CD. To take full advantage of the video capabilities provided by your computer, use a noninterlaced monitor that is capable of supporting high resolution and a fast refresh rate. Also, the type of monitor you select depends on - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 21
using a DVI, see the user guide IBM-preinstalled software, the video device drivers have already been installed on the hard disk. However, the information that is included in the device-driver installation instructions will be helpful if you ever need to reinstall or update the device drivers - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 22
3, Visual Display Requirements. SVGA supports reduced-flicker operation when used with noninterlaced monitors that meet ISO standards. Some application programs require video device drivers to use SVGA modes. The device drivers for your computer and instructions for installing them (README files - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 23
used to mean the same thing. Note: Your computer model might not include all of the I/O devices or connectors described in this section. Refer to the user guide publication for more specific enable or disable audio support by using the Configuration/Setup Utility drive. 14 © Copyright IBM Corp. 2000 - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 24
receiver/transmitter) compatible so that they can support high-speed modems. You can increase the to configure the adapter or modem for a specific COM port. This might involve setting switches on use one of the diagnostic programs, such as IBM Enhanced Diagnostics, which is available with the IBM - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 25
specific installation instructions. ADSL Modems ADSL (Asynchronous Digital Subscriber Line) modems vastly improve Internet connectivity with ease of use for data download from your Internet Service Provider (ISP) and data upload to the Internet from your computer. The download channel carries - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 26
conflict, you might have to change the parallel-port setting. You can change the setting using the Configuration/Setup Utility program. Refer to the user guide publication for more information about using this program. The parallel port can operate in five modes. One is a standard, unidirectional - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 27
DMA. EPP supports the connection of up to eight external devices, such as hard disk drives, CD-ROM drives, tape drives, diskette drives, and a with your I/O device for specific installation instructions. Keyboard port The keyboard is one of the devices that you use to communicate with your - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 28
type appear using. For example, a word-processing program uses the Enter key to move the cursor to the beginning of the next line. A spreadsheet program uses it to enter information into a specific cell or field. Your operating system uses Use them to send instructions to the software you are using - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 29
information on the screen moves. Not many programs use this function. Pause/Break Stops a program temporarily. Some application programs use the Ctrl, Alt, and Shift keys in combination with the function and the typing keys to perform specific operations and to define additional operations. Refer - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 30
the Alt key while typing a numeric value on the keypad. The special characters are determined by the code page used by your operating 0 Ins 3 Pag ' Canc Invio The two keys with the Windows logo are supported by the operating system and provide system-level functionality. The third key, with an - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 31
make selections. Not all application programs support a mouse. Graphics or object-oriented 98, and Windows 95 are much easier to use if you have a mouse. Some mice are designed or USB connector. Either type of mouse will work, provided you have the correct device driver installed. Monitor port You - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 32
to and from the hard disk drive. The different interface types provide various degrees of performance and differ in the speed with which they can transfer data between the hard disk drive and other system components. The most common interface specifications used in IBM computers are discussed in - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 33
a CD, you can use the speaker built into the computer or, if your computer has an audio controller, you can connect headphones or powered speakers. For more information, see the user guide publication. Some computer models come with an IBM-preinstalled CD-ROM drive. CD-RW drives CD-RW, CD-rewritable - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 34
Iomega Zip drive. A Zip drive is a high-capacity disk drive that uses a removable disk that is slightly larger and about twice as thick as a conventional 3.5-inch diskette. The Zip disk has a capacity of 100 MB of data. Zip drives have become very popular for backing up hard disks or transporting - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 35
might want to protect the computer and data by using one or more of the security features available to you. Not all features are available on all computers. See the user guide publication provided with your computer for more specific information. Some of the features might include: A lockable cover - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 36
from a hard disk. Low-level format programs are used for this type of information stored, you might require additional safeguards. Computer viruses A computer virus is a program (or instructions difficult to determine whether the problem is a hardware failure, a software problem, or a virus in - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 37
rarely have much direct involvement with BIOS. You can use the Configuration/Setup Utility program to set up your computer for different features and options. Other software used by your computer includes device drivers, which support specific types of hardware devices and Advanced Power Management - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 38
. Your computer is designed to use a variety of operating systems to meet many different needs. Device drivers Device drivers are programs that support a specific type of hardware device, such as a printer or high-resolution monitor. These programs provide instructions that allow the computer to - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 39
BIOS support is disabled. Automatic Hardware Power Management reduces or suspends power to components of the computer after a specified period of inactivity has passed (SCSI hard disk drives are unaffected by this feature). For more information on setting and using this feature, see the user guide - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 40
by the operating system. Not all operating systems support ACPI BIOS. Refer to your operating system documentation to determine whether ACPI is supported. Application programs Application programs provide the tools necessary to complete a specific type of job, such as editing text or preparing - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 41
, some device drivers might be available on a separate CD. For instructions on connecting a network cable to your computer, refer to the user guide publication. For be used to remotely track many types of information about computers, including serial numbers, memory attributes, product-specific - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 42
information on setting up your network server to perform POST/BIOS updates. Alert on LAN Alert on LAN is a new hardware and software technology supported on some models of your computer. It immediately alerts network administrators when a computer has a problem, even if the power is off or has no - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 43
may be used instead of the IBM product, program, or service. The evaluation and verification of operation in conjunction with other products, except those expressly designated by IBM, are the responsibility of the user. IBM may have patents or pending patent applications covering subject matter - Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 44
- Lenovo PC 300PL | Understanding Your Personal Computer (6563, 6564, 6574, 6565) - Page 45
IBM® Part Number: xxxxxxx Printed in U.S.A. XXXXXXX
IBM
Understanding Your Personal Computer