Texas Instruments TI-73VSC Guidebook
Texas Instruments TI-73VSC - Texas Instrument Viewscreen Calculator Manual
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- Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 1
ti TI-73 Explorer™ Graphing Calculator Guidebook In this guidebook, TI-73 refers to both the TI-73 and TI-73 Explorer. All functions, instructions, and examples in this guidebook work identically for both the TI-73 and the TI-73 Explorer. Macintosh is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. © - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 2
of action, shall not exceed the purchase price of this calculator. Moreover, Texas Instruments shall not be liable for any a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference with radio - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 3
5 Entering Numbers and Other Characters 6 Functions and Instructions 12 Entering Expressions 15 Retrieving Previous Entries 17 Recalling Chapter 3: Fractions 57 Entering Fractions 58 Using Fractions in Calculations 59 Fraction Modes 60 Converting between Fractions and Decimals 64 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 4
iv TIN73 Table of Contents Chapter 6: Statistical Plots 107 Steps for Defining a Stat Plot 108 Defining Statistical Data in Lists 109 Deselecting Yn Functions 109 Defining a Stat Plot 109 Selecting Stat Plot Types 111 Defining Stat Plot Options 112 Adjusting Window Values and Format - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 5
Specifiying Data Collection Options 266 Collecting the Data 273 Stopping Data Collection 274 Chapter 14: Memory Management 275 The - Ÿ MEMORY Menu 276 Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference 283 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 6
VARS Menu 329 Equation Operating System (EOS 330 In Case of Difficulty 330 Correcting an Error 331 Error Messages 332 Appendix C: BatteryàService and Warranty Information 339 Battery Information 340 Texas Instruments (TI) Support and Service 342 Warranty Information 343 Index 345 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 7
10 Editing Numbers and Characters 11 Functions and Instructions 12 Accessing Functions and Instructions from Menus ..... 12 Accessing FunctionsàInstructions from the CATALOG... 14 Entering Expressions 15 Grouping Parts of Expressions with Parentheses ........ 16 Using Implied Multiplication - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 8
2 Chapter 1: Operating the TIN73 Mode Settings 22 Numeric Notation Mode 23 Decimal Notation Mode 24 Angle Mode 24 Display Format Mode 24 Simplification Mode 24 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 9
AAA batteries in the battery compartment on the back of the calculator. Arrange the batteries according to the polarity (+ and -) diagram Appendix C: BatteryàService and Warranty Information. Turning the TIN73 On and Off To turn on the TIN73, press ^. To turn off the TIN73 manually, press the yellow - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 10
too dark. Resetting Memory and All Defaults Follow these steps to reset the TIN73 to its factory settings and clear all memory: 1. Turn on the calculator. ^ The ^ key 2. Display the MEMORY menu. - Ÿ (above _ ) 3. Display the RESET menu. 7 4. Display the RESET RAM menu - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 11
screen or menu, press - l. On the Home screen, you can enter instructions, functions, and expressions. The answers are displayed on the Home screen. The TIN73 of eight lines with a maximum of 16 characters per line. When you calculate an entry on the Home screen, depending upon space, the answer is - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 12
page 17. You can scroll up with $ to see previously entered entries. If you press b while a previous entry is highlighted (for example, 2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2), the calculator copies it to a new line below all entries (after 4+4+4… and its result, 52). Scroll up with $. To clear the Home screen, see the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 13
scientific notation. The notation used to display the result of a calculation depends upon the . setting (Normal or Sci). For more information 1 displays four math menus. Entering Text - t Many examples in this manual require you to enter alphabetic characters, braces, a quotation mark, a space, - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 14
8 Chapter 1: Operating the TIN73 In all guidebook examples, when a character in the Text editor needs to be selected, the keystroke sequence shows the character followed by b. Moving the Selection Cursor as necessary to highlight the character is implied. To exit the Text editor and display the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 15
Chapter 1: Operating the TIN73 9 Done Entry Line Exits the Text editor when selected and pastes all contents on the entry line to the cursor location on the previous screen. Displays all currently selected characters. All edit keys, except the cursor keys, edit characters on the entry line. ³ - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 16
.). Enter these between Text editor characters, as necessary, without leaving the Text editor. If you press a key that isn’t accepted in the Text editor, the calculator does not return an error. You must select Done to exit and then continue your entry on the previous screen. You can enter up to - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 17
Chapter 1: Operating the TIN73 11 Editing Numbers and Characters Using the edit keys, you can edit an entry on the Home screen or Y= editor, programming commands in the Program editor, the entry lines of the Text editor and List editor, and constants in the Set Constant editor. Keystrokes Result - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 18
parenthesis, E. Note: Do not use the Text editor to enter names of functions or instructions. For example, you cannot enter L, then O, then G to calculate the log of a value. If you did this, the calculator would interpret the entry as implied multiplication of the variables L, O, and G. When this - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 19
Chapter 1: Operating the TIN73 13 To move from menu to menu on a menu screen, press " or ! until the menu name is highlighted. When a menu item ends in an ellipsis (…), the item displays a secondary menu or editor when you select it. -, Accessing and Selecting Menu Items To scroll up or down the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 20
from the CATALOG - | displays the CATALOG, which is an alphabetical list of all functions, instructions, programming commands, variables, and symbols on the TIN73. If, for example, you cannot remember where a particular menu item is located, you can find it in - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 21
, or a combination of these elements that evaluates to a single answer. Instructions cannot be used in expressions. An expression is completed when you press b, B: Reference Information), and the answer is displayed. ³ Calculate the area (A) of a circle whose radius (R)=3 using the formula A=pR2. - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 22
. -l: 4D3Eb Entering Multiple Expressions on One Line To store more than one expression on a line, separate two or more expressions or instructions on a line with a colon (- | $ $ $ b). ³ Define the variable, R=5, and then calculate pR2 on the same line. 1. Store 5 to R. -l: 5X-t R b Done b -| $$$b - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 23
the TIN73 17 2. Enter the second expression, pR2, and calculate the result. -„-t R b Done b 6b Retrieving Previous Entries - £ When you press b on the Home screen to evaluate an expression or execute an instruction, the expression or instruction is placed in a storage area called Entry (last entry - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 24
. For example, if Ans is a real number, you can use it anywhere where real numbers are accepted (Y= editor, WINDOW, List editor, etc.). Continuing a Calculation with Ans You can recall Ans as the first entry in the next expression without entering the value again or pressing - ¢. After completing - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 25
use it in expressions just as you would any other variable. When the expression is evaluated, the TIN73 uses the value of Ans in the calculation. For more information about variables, see the next two sections in this chapter entitled, “Storing Values to a Variable” and “Recalling Variable Values - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 26
. Variable names cannot be the same as a name that is preassigned by the TIN73. These include built-in functions such as abs( , instructions such as Line( , and system variables such as Xmin. Variable Type Real Numbers Lists—Numerical and Categorical Functions Stat Plots Graph Pictures System - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 27
an expression, it is evaluated. The value is stored to the variable. ³ Store 10 to R, and then calculate pR2. 1. On the Home screen, store 10 to R. -l: 10X-t R b Done b b 2. Calculate pR2. -„-t R b Done b 6b Recalling Variable Values - P To recall a variable’s value to the current cursor location - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 28
defined in the previous section, “Storing Variable Values.”) 1. On the Home screen, enter the first part of the calculation. -l:100\ 2. Recall R. -P-t R b Done b 3. Finish the calculation. R=10 b b Mode Settings Mode settings control how the TIN73 interprets and displays numbers. Mode settings - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 29
Chapter 1: Operating the TIN73 23 To select a mode setting, highlight the one you want by using the cursor keys, and then press b. . Default Settings Normal Sci Float 0123456789 Degree Radian A§b/c b/c Autosimp Mansimp Numeric Notation mode Decimal Notation mode Angle mode Display Format mode ( - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 30
explanation. Simplification Mode The Simplification mode has two settings, Autosimp and Mansimp, which determine if the calculator automatically simplifies a fractional result completely or if you must simplify the results manually step-by-step. See Chapter 3: Fractions for detailed information. - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 31
2 Math Operations Keyboard Math Operations 27 Basic Operations \, T, M, F 27 Integer Division 28 p 28 Percent C 29 Inverse Function 30 Square 6 30 Power 7 31 Square Root - z 31 Test Operations - t 32 The 1 MATH Menu 34 lcm( 1 1 35 gcd( 1 2 36 3 (Cube) 1 3 37 3‡( 1 4 38 x‡ 1 5 38 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 32
26 Chapter 2: Math Operations The 1 LOG Menu 54 log( 1 " " " 1 54 10^( 1 " " " 2 55 ln( 1 " " " 3 55 e^( 1 " " " 4 56 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 33
Chapter 2: Math Operations 27 Keyboard Math Operations The following sections explain how to use the math functions, including - functions, found on the TIN73 keyboard. All of the examples in these sections assume that you are on the Home screen and that defaults are selected (unless specified - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 34
the quotient and the remainder, r. You can include integer division in an expression, but the remainder may not be displayed as part of the final answer. After a calculation with - Πis completed, only the quotient from the result is stored in Ans (last answer). Therefore, if you use the result - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 35
Chapter 2: Math Operations 29 ³ Calculate sin(p). :-u1„E b If in Radian mode Percent C If in Degree mode Changes a M30.6% to a decimal. 1. Select Float Decimal setting. .#b -l 2. Convert M30.6% to a decimal. :a30.6C b ³ Calculate 20% of 30. 20CM30b ³ Calculate 30 + 20% of 30. 30\20CM30b - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 36
a list. value -1 Important: To ensure that results are displayed as simple fractions instead of mixed numbers, select b/c Display Format mode. ³ Calculate 5/8 -1. :5=8"-ƒ b ³ Calculate M2.5-1. a2.5-ƒb Square 6 Finds the square of a real number, an expression, or each element in a list. Note: Using - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 37
rules. For example, (M4)^.5 results in an error because this is the equivalent of (M4)^1/2, which is ‡M4, a complex number. ³ Calculate 25. :275b Square Root - z Calculates the square root of value, which can be a positive real number, an expression that results in a positive real number, or a list - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 38
functions according to EOS rules (Appendix B: Reference Information). Therefore, for 2+2=2+3, the TI-73 returns 0. It compares 4 with 5 and returns 0, because the operation is false. For 2+(2=2)+3, the TI-73 returns 6. The relational test in parentheses returns 1, because the operation is true - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 39
Chapter 2: Math Operations 33 Operator: = (equal) ƒ (not equal to) > (greater than) ‚ (greater than or equal to) < (less than) (less than or equal to) Returns true (1) if: Two conditions are equal. Two conditions are not equal. conditionA is greater than conditionB. conditionA is greater than or - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 40
34 Chapter 2: Math Operations ³ For L1={1,2,3}, test L1>log(30). 1. Define L1. :-t {b1¡2¡3} b Done b X-v1b 2. Test L1 > log(30). -v1-t > b Done b 1!1 30Eb 1>log(30) is false; 2>log(30) is true; 3>log(30) is true. ³ Test cos(90) and sin(0). :-u3 9 0 E - t and b Done b -u1 0Eb The 1 MATH Menu The 1 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 41
into evenly. Finds the greatest common divisor, which is the largest number that divides into two integers evenly. Calculates the cube. Calculates the cube root. Calculates the xth root. Displays the Equation Solver. lcm( 1 1 The least common multiple (LCM) function returns the smallest number - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 42
the LCM of the denominators. 11 4¡6Eb 2. Use the LCM to convert 1/4 and 5/6 to fractions where 12 is the common denominator (without using the calculator). Therefore, 12 is the common denominator. 13 3 4 Q 3 = 12 5 2 10 6 Q 2 = 12 LCM=12 3. Add the newly converted fractions (without using the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 43
divisor for the fraction, 27/36. 1. Find the GCD of 27/36. 12 27¡36Eb 2. Simplify the fraction completely using the GCD (without using the calculator). GCD=9 27 9 3 36 P 9 = 4 3. Verify your answer by simplifying 27/36 by 9 on the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 44
is equivalent to n where nx=value. value can be a real number, expression, or list. x can be any real number. For nx =value, x‡value=n x x‡(value) ³ Calculate 6‡64. :615 64b 6x‡64 = 2 because 26=64 Solver 1 6 The Equation Solver allows you to solve for one unknown one-letter variable in an - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 45
more than one variable on each side of the equation. For example, A + B = B + D + E. If you do not set the equation equal to a value, the calculator automatically sets it equal to 0. For example, to enter A+B=0, just enter A+B and press b. You are limited to 5 variables per equation. The Equation - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 46
40 Chapter 2: Math Operations Equation Equation Variables bound Default={M1©99,1©99} Solve Displays the currently defined equation. Displays all equation variables and their values. Displays the bound limits that apply to the unknown variable value for which you are solving. You select one - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 47
first to get an idea of the most ideal (or specific) bound limits. Solve Specify the unknown variable from the Solve line. This prompts the calculator to solve for it. To select a variable on the Solve line, highlight the unknown variable with the cursor, and then press b. After you press b, a solid - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 48
exists. When this is the case, you can first enter a guess by assigning a value to that variable and then asking the calculator to solve your equation. The TI-73 always chooses the solution closest to that guess. However, the guess must be within the bound limits; otherwise, you get an error - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 49
Chapter 2: Math Operations 43 ³ Find the negative solution to the equation, 16=X2. 1. Define the equation on the EQUATION SOLVER screen. 16 $ : (if necessary) 2. Enter the equation. -t 1 6 = b I 6 Done bb Your X value may vary. 3. Use bound to limit your answer to a negative one (between M16 and - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 50
seven different math functions. 1" 1:abs( Calculates the absolute value of a real number, list, or expression. 2:round( Rounds a real number, list, or expression. 3:iPart( Returns only the integer part of a result. 4:fPart( Returns only the fractional part of a result. 5:min( Returns the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 51
do change the display but not the value of the result. Therefore, the entire result is stored in the calculator ready to use for future calculations, as applicable. round(value[,#decimal_places]) ³ Round p to different numbers of decimal places using different Decimal Notation mode settings. 1. Set - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 52
real number, expression, or each element in a list. For an expression, the expression is calculated and the fractional part of the result is displayed. If value is a mixed number, the fractional part is returned and displayed according to the current Simplification mode setting. fPart(value) ³ Find - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 53
Chapter 2: Math Operations 47 ³ Find the fractional part of 1 1/2. 1"4 1< 1=2"Eb min( and max( 1 " 5 and 6 These are identical to the min( and max( commands found on the - v MATH menu. min( (minimum) returns the smaller - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 54
non-list is paired with each element of the list, and a list of remainders is returned. remainder(list,divisor) remainder(dividend,list) remainder(list,list) ³ Calculate 10P6 and return the remainder only. divisor=6 :1" 7 10¡6Eb 1 6 10 8 4 dividend=10 remainder=4 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 55
- Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 56
50 Chapter 2: Math Operations ³ Generate a sequence of random numbers using whatever value happens to be the current seed. :1""1 bbb Your results may vary. ³ Generate a sequence of random numbers using seed=1. :1X1" "1b1""1 bb randInt( 1 " " 2 Generates a random integer between lower and upper ( - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 57
Chapter 2: Math Operations 51 nPr 1 " " 3 Returns the number of permutations of n items taken r number at a time. The order in which you select the items DOES matter. items and number can be nonnegative integers or lists of nonnegative integers. If both arguments are lists, they must have the same - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 58
52 Chapter 2: Math Operations ³ From a group of 4 items (ABCD), how many ways can you select 2 of the items if the order does not matter? Find 4 nCr 2. :41""4 2b ABCD combinations of 4 items taken 2 at a time AB and BA count AB AC AD as only one BA BC BD combination. CA CB CD DA DB DC - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 59
Chapter 2: Math Operations 53 coin( 1 " " 6 Returns a random list of 0s and 1s that represents heads and tails for one or more coin tosses. tosses is a positive whole number. coin(tosses) ³ Simulate tossing a coin 7 times. :1""6 7Eb dice( 1 " " 7 4 heads and 3 tails (or 3 heads and 4 tails). - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 60
base-e logarithms and powers. 1""" NorN 1! 1:log( 2:10^( 3:ln( 4:e^( Returns the base-10 logarithm of a value. Raises 10 to a power. Calculates the natural logarithm of a value. Raises e to a power (e = 2.71828182846). log( 1 " " " 1 The logarithm is the exponent, x, indicating the power which - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 61
exponent, x, indicating the power which the base, e, must be raised to in order to produce a given number, a. For ex =a, ln(a)=x The calculator uses e=2.718281828459, although it only displays 2.718281828 on the screen. ln( returns the natural logarithm of a positive real number, an expression that - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 62
1 " " " 4 Raises e to a power of x, where x is a real number, an expression that results in an real number, or a list of real numbers. The calculator uses e=2.718281828459, although it only displays 2.718281828 on the screen. e^(x) e^(list) ³ Calculate e^5, which is often written as e5. :1"""4 5Eb - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 63
3 Fractions Entering Fractions 58 Using Fractions in Calculations 59 Fraction Modes 60 Display Format Mode Settings 60 Simplification Mode Settings 60 Autosimp Setting 61 Mansimp Setting 62 Converting Between Fractions and Decimals 64 Converting Between Mixed Numbers and Simple Fractions 65 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 64
numerator = denominator " ³ Enter 2/3. 1. Enter the numerator, 2. 2= 2. Enter the denominator, 3. 3 3. End the fraction. " 2 2 = 3 3 " Continue the calculation at the cursor. Mixed Numbers whole_number < numerator = denominator " ³ Enter 1 2/3. 2 1. Enter the whole number, 1. 13 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 65
keys (6, C, ƒ, etc.), and many menu items (abs(, fPart(, sin(, etc.). Fractional calculations return fractional results, if possible, except for those that: • Use - „, C, log(, ln(, e^( – or – • Calculate to a result ‚ 1000 1 or < 1 1000 – or – • Include both a fraction and a decimal - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 66
60 Chapter 3: Fractions Fraction Modes Two fraction modes exist on the calculator: Display Format mode and Simplification mode. Display Format Mode Settings The Display Format mode settings, A§bàc and bàc, determine whether or not a fractional result is displayed as a - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 67
Chapter 3: Fractions 61 Autosimp Mansimp The calculator automatically simplifies fractional results. The user simplifies fractions manually step-bystep. $ next to the result signifies that it can be simplified at least one more time. ³ Add 1/9 + 5/9. 1=9"\5=9 b In Autosimp mode In Mansimp mode - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 68
to simplify the result step-by-step using simplification factors it chooses or if you want the calculator to simplify the result using the simplification factors that you choose. Letting the Calculator Choose the Simplification Factor After getting an unsimplified result (one with $ next to it) from - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 69
The result did not change. Try again with another factor. Simplification is complete. If you execute a fractional calculation in Mansimp mode and then the user or the calculator simplifies the result, you can recall the simplification factor at a later time by selecting - } 6:Factor. Since Factor - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 70
a fraction to a decimal or a decimal to a fraction, use >. If a fractional equivalent of a decimal does not exist, the calculator returns the same decimal number. Also, the calculator only recognizes and converts (if possible) the first ten digits of any decimal number. You must follow > with - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 71
Chapter 3: Fractions 65 ³ Convert 3/4 to a decimal and back to a fraction. 1. Convert 3/4 to a decimal. -l: 3=4>b 2. Convert .75 back to a fraction. >b ³ Add 2 plus the decimal equivalent of 1/4. 2\1=4>b In Autosimp mode In Mansimp mode 1/4=.25 Converting Between Mixed Numbers and Simple - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 72
66 Chapter 3: Fractions - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 73
Measurement 4 Conversions and Constant Calculations The - , CONVERSIONS Menu 68 Length - , 1 68 Area - , 2 68 Volume - , 3 69 Time - , 4 69 Temp (Temperature) - , 5 69 MassàWeight - , 6 69 Speed - , 7 69 Converting a Unit of Measure 70 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 74
68 Chapter 4: ConversionsàConstants The - , CONVERSIONS Menu Use this menu to access all conversion categories. -, 1:Length 2:Area 3:Volume 4:Time 5:Temp 6:MassàWeight 7:Speed Displays the LENGTH menu. Displays the AREA menu. Displays the VOLUME menu. Displays the TIME menu. Displays the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 75
Chapter 4: ConversionsàConstants 69 Volume - , 3 liter liters in3 cubic inches gal gallons ft3 cubic feet qt quarts m3 cubic meters pt pints galUK UK gallons oz ounces ozUK UK ounces cm3 cubic centimeters Time - , 4 sec seconds min minutes hr hours day days week weeks - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 76
. -, 3. Select the applicable category, 1:LENGTH. 1 4. Select the current unit, meters. 3 The current unit is displayed. 5. Select the unit which you want to convert to, inches. 4 6. Calculate the result. b m8 inch is pasted to the Home screen. - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 77
re-entering long or complicated expressions and to help prevent entry errors, you can enter numbers, expressions, lists, commands, or functions into the calculator’s memory by defining them as constants in the Set Constant editor. As constants, they then can be recalled at any time. You can define - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 78
use a constant: 1. Define the constant in the Set Constant editor (- †). 2. Recall the constant with the @ key. Single Mode By selecting Single mode, you tell the calculator that you only want to access one constant from the list, even if more than one is defined. To select the one constant (C1, C2 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 79
Set Constant editor. #!b-l 3. Clear the Home screen, if desired. Solve the problem using C1. :40@ Count=1. Recalling a Constant in a Series of Calculations When pressing @ more than once in a series of calculations, the calculator automatically keeps count for you (shown in the following example - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 80
times you have to multiply 5 by 2 to get 40 (so that 5 Q 2n=40). 5@ @ Other defined constants are deselected automatically. 5 Q 2 is calculated automatically. Count=1 @ Pressing @ a second time acts like - ¢ @. Solution 5¦2¦2¦2=40, or 5¦23 =40 n=3 n=3 because you multiplied by 2 three times in - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 81
Chapter 4: ConversionsàConstants 75 Multiple Mode In Multiple mode, all defined constants are available to use at any time. To define Multiple mode, highlight Multiple using the cursor keys, and then press b. Defining Constants in Multiple Mode You define constants in Multiple mode exactly the same - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 82
in Single mode), your constant expression is not evaluated until you press b. ³ Define C3=+3¦2 and C4=¦2+3 in Multiple mode. -†$"b ###: \3M2#: M2\3 You recognize that C3=+3¦2. ³ Calculate 4+3¦2. 1. Go to the Home screen and clear it, if desired. -l: 2. Find the result. 4@3b You recognize that C4 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 83
Naming a List 79 Entering List Elements 81 Editing Lists in the List Editor 87 Inserting or Deleting a New List 87 Deleting Lists from Calculator Memory 88 Inserting or Deleting One Element in a List 89 Editing an Existing Element 89 Clearing All Elements in a List 90 Clearing All Elements - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 84
78 Chapter 5: Lists Steps for Creating a List On the TIN73, a set of numerical or text information is called a list. Follow these basic steps when defining a list. Display the List editor. 3 Name the list you want to define, or use a prenamed list (L1-L6). - t (to name a list) Enter list - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 85
, Decimal Notation, and Angle modes affect the display of an element (except fractional elements). Fractions are unaffected by Numeric Notation mode. 3 Calculator is in Sci Numeric Notation mode. Naming a List Highlighted element is displayed on entry line in its entirety. When you are ready to - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 86
80 Chapter 5: Lists If you do not want to use L1-L6 (you cannot rename them), you can create a new list and name it anything you want. A list name can be one to five characters long. The first character must be a letter from A to Z. The second through fifth characters can be any combination of - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 87
Numerical lists contain real numbers, fractions, or expressions that evaluate to real numbers or fractions. If you enter an expression like sin(30), the calculator displays the decimal equivalent in the list element space. The Numeric Notation, Decimal Notation, and Angle modes determine how the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 88
82 Chapter 5: Lists 2. Enter the list elements. 18#25#45# Entering Fractional Elements When entering fractions from the Home screen, parentheses are optional around the numerator and denominator. When entering fractions in the List editor (and any other editor), parentheses are mandatory around - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 89
Chapter 5: Lists 83 Dependent Numerical Lists The numerical list described in the previous section (¨NUM) is an independent list. You also can create dependent lists, which are dependent (or based) upon the contents of another defined numerical list. You create a dependent list by attaching a - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 90
84 Chapter 5: Lists 1. Create the independent list, ¨CEL. 3 " or " (as necessary to move to the blank list) -tCbE b L b Done bb 2. Enter the elements. #a40#a15#a5 #30#58#140# 3. Create the dependent list, ¨FRHT. "-t F b R bH b T b D one b b 4. Attach the formula " ¨ C E L d e g C 8 d e g F " to ¨ - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 91
Chapter 5: Lists 85 6. Change M5 in ¨CEL to M8. !##ba8 b Note: Since the formula is enclosed in quotation marks, element 3 in ¨FRHT is automatically updated. Categorical Lists Categorical lists usually contain words or letters (text elements). If they contain numerical elements, the numerical values - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 92
86 Chapter 5: Lists 1. Display the List editor and create a list named TEST. 3 " or ! (as necessary to move to the blank list) -t TbEb SbTb Done b b 2. Enter the element TEST1. #-t " b TbEb SbTb1 " b Done bb 3. Repeat for the elements TEST2, MDTRM, and FINAL (quotation marks are optional after the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 93
79. #90#85#92# 79# Once you have these lists entered, you can display this data in various ways using related features on the calculator. For example, Chapter 6: Statistical Plots explains how you could easily convert this data into a bar chart. Chapter 7: Statistical Analyses explains ways to find - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 94
³ Delete L1. / If elements exist in L1, then those appear also. Deleting Lists from Calculator Memory To delete a list from the calculator’s memory, use the - Ÿ 4:Delete menu. If you delete L1–L6 from the calculator’s memory, the names still appear in the - v Ls menu. If you delete a user-named - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 95
³ Delete L2 from the calculator’s memory. -Ÿ4 3#b - l (to return to the Home screen) Chapter 5: Lists 89 Inserting or Deleting One Element in a List To insert one element in a list: 1. Use the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 96
All Elements in All Lists You clear all elements in all lists using the - Ÿ 6:ClrAllLists instruction from the Home screen. When you press b, all elements in all lists are cleared from the calculator’s memory, even for those lists not displayed in the List editor. -l -Ÿ6b Editing a List Formula - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 97
the formula signifier disappears, and the list becomes independent. The - v Ls Menu Use the - v Ls (lists) menu to access all list names stored in the calculator’s memory. L1-L6 are listed first followed by all user-named lists in alphabetical order. In this menu, the user-named lists appear as they - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 98
92 Chapter 5: Lists The - v OPS Menu Use the - v OPS (options) menu to change defined lists from the Home screen. -v" 1:SortA( (Ascending) 2:SortD( (Descending) 3:ClrList 4:dim( 5:@List( 6:Select( 7:seq( 8:augment( 9:¨ Sorts list elements from lowest to highest in numerical order or in - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 99
alphabetically. SortD( (sort descending) sorts the list elements from highest to lowest value or in reverse alphabetical order. Enter the SortA( or SortD( instruction on the Home screen; and then enter all list names that you want to sort (separated by a comma), and press b. Sorting One List - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 100
one list when using SortA( and SortD(. In this case, the first list specified is the independent one; any following lists are dependent. The calculator sorts the independent list first, and then sorts all the dependent lists by placing their elements in the same order as their corresponding elements - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 101
Chapter 5: Lists 95 ClrList - v " 3 Clears all items in specified list(s) from the Home screen. ClrList list1[,list2,list3,...] ³ From the Home screen, clear L1 and L2. -l: -v"3 -v1¡-v2 b dim( - v " 4 Use dim( from the Home screen to return the dimension (number of elements) of a defined list, to - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 102
96 Chapter 5: Lists To create a new list with a specific dimension: dimension# X dim(newList) To change the dimension of an existing list: newDimension# X dim(list) ³ Define L5={1,2,3,4} in the List editor. 3 ³ From the Home screen, return the dimension of L5. -l: -v"4 -v5Eb ³ Create a new list, ¨ - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 103
second element from the third, and so on. The resulting list is always one element shorter than the original list. @List(list) ³ Define L6={9,7,4,3} and calculate its @List. 1. Enter the elements in the List editor. 3 2. From the Home screen - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 104
5: Lists Select( - v " 6 This instruction is used to select a certain portion of an using the Text editor (- t). Select(XList,YList) The calculator displays the stat plot and prompts you to select the left and the right bounds. The calculator then plots the selected points on the Graph screen for - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 105
is chosen. " (as necessary) b Right bound 5. The plot is regraphed to include only the selected data points. ¨NEWT and ¨NEWD now exist in the calculator’s memory. To display newly selected lists in the List editor, insert them as you would insert any other list. seq( - v " 7 seq( returns a list - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 106
10 2} augment( - v " 8 augment( combines the elements of two lists from the Home screen to create a new list. An augmented list is not saved in the calculator’s memory unless you name it or store it to an existing list name. This is shown in the following example. augment(list1,list2) ³ Define L4 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 107
that take only list names for arguments. For example, Select(XList,YList) Although XList and YList are not preceded by the list signifier, the calculator interprets them as list names since no other types of arguments are accepted. Also, when defining lists from the Home screen, the list signifier - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 108
can access the braces from the Text editor (- t) or from the CATALOG (- |). If you create a list on the Home screen, it is stored in the calculator’s memory, but it won’t show up in the List editor unless you specifically insert it there. {element1,element2,…}Xlist ³ Define ¨ABC={1,2,3} on the Home - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 109
Chapter 5: Lists 103 Copying One List to Another To copy a list on the Home screen, store it to another list name. It is easiest to store the elements in the List editor. You then can review the results in the List editor. Otherwise, any lists you create on the Home screen are stored in memory, but - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 110
104 Chapter 5: Lists ³ Define L2={1,2,3} in the List editor and display the second element from the Home screen. 1. Define L2. 3 2. Display the 2nd element only. -l: -v2D2Eb Inserting or Changing a List Element From the Home screen, you can insert or change elements in a defined list. You can only - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 111
the List editor, if desired. 3 Using Math Functions with Lists When a math function (see Chapter 2: Math Operations) is applied to a list, it is calculated for every element in the list. Therefore, the function must be valid for every element in the list. You cannot perform a mathematical function - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 112
106 Chapter 5: Lists 3. Calculate L52. -v56b 4. Select Radian mode setting and calculate cos(L6). .##"b -l: -u3 -v6Eb For more information, see Chapter 11: Trigonometry. L52= {42, 52, 62}= {16,25,36} Use " to scroll to see the entire answers. - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 113
6 Statistical Plots Steps for Defining a Stat Plot 108 Defining Statistical Data in Lists 109 Deselecting Yn Functions 109 Defining a Stat Plot 109 Selecting Stat Plot Types 111 Defining Stat Plot Options 112 Adjusting Window Values and Format 114 Displaying the Stat Plot 114 Stat Plot - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 114
108 Chapter 6: Statistical Plots Steps for Defining a Stat Plot Follow these basic steps when defining a statistical plot. You may not have to do all of them each time you graph the designated lists. Define numerical and categorical lists in the List editor. 3 Deselect Yn functions, if desired. - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 115
examples in this chapter assume that you know how to enter lists in the List editor. Deselecting Yn Functions When you press * or a ( command, the calculator graphs all selected Yn functions (defined in the Y= editor) and graphs all stat plots that are defined and turned on. If you have defined and - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 116
select a ( command. The TIN73 can graph all three stat plots at the same time, if desired. If you select either of these commands, the calculator returns you to the Home screen. PlotsOff and PlotsOn accept three optional arguments, 1, 2 or 3, which represent their corresponding stat plot. If you do - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 117
Chapter 6: Statistical Plots 111 The Stat Plot Editor - e 1 , 2 or 3 If the plot has been defined previously, that information is displayed when you select a plot number. From the Stat Plot editor, you select (turn on) or deselect (turn off) the stat plot, and you can select one of eight plot types - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 118
112 Chapter 6: Statistical Plots Defining Stat Plot Options The plot type you select determines which options you can select. Therefore, when you select a different type, the options adjust automatically, if necessary. • To specify a list name, use the - v Ls menu. Highlight the list name you want - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 119
want the values in DataList to be displayed as numbers or converted and displayed as percentages in a Pie chart. Specify a frequency list that tells the calculator how many times each data point in Xlist occurs. Freq must have the same number of elements as Xlist. - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 120
the viewing window automatically so that all points of all turned on stat plots are visible. To adjust window values manually, press '. In addition, the calculator automatically selects the AxesOff option (- g) for Pictograph, Bar graph, Pie chart stat plots. However, any other selected options on - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 121
Chapter 6: Statistical Plots 115 ³ For the years 1978 -1984, determine in which baseball league, North or South, the homerun leader tends to hit more home runs. Use Scatter plots to find your solution. Year Home Runs Year Home Runs NORTH SOUTH NORTH SOUTH 1978 40 46 1982 37 39 1979 48 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 122
116 Chapter 6: Statistical Plots 6. Define Plot2 as shown to the right. 2b#b# - v YEAR b # - v SOUTH b#"b 7. Display the stat plots using the ZoomStat command. (7 Using different marks helps you distinguish between Plot1 and Plot2. 8. Trace the Scatter plots to find the solution to the question. - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 123
. They also can illustrate comparisons between similar situations. The calculator displays no more than seven Pictograph icons for up to seven in Data List is too large to fit the maximum scale (99999) so that the calculator can’t make all icons fit in one screen, you get a DOMAIN error. ³ For - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 124
comparison among one category. Bar graphs are especially useful for comparing data lists (especially when organized in categories) over a period of time. The calculator adjusts all bars so that they fit within the graphing screen. Therefore, the data list with the largest values is scaled to fit the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 125
in other words, it acts as your bar scale. To adjust Xscl and Yscl manually, press ' and enter the new values with the number keys. For more information WINDOW values, see Chapter 9: Function Graphing. If you want the calculator to adjust the WINDOW values for you automatically, press ( 7:ZoomStat - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 126
" (to trace bar to bar) CategList DataList Name and bar value Pie Chart Ï A Pie chart is used to compare parts of a whole. The area of a “pie piece” is proportional to the part of 100% that it represents. You can display up to seven “pie pieces.” To trace the Pie chart with ), use - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 127
Chapter 6: Statistical Plots 121 3. Display the STAT PLOTS menu and select Plot1. -e1b 4. Define Plot1 as a Pie chart as shown to the right. #""""b# - v PETS b # - v AMNT b #"b 5. Display the stat plot. * A percentage Pie chart 6. Trace the Pie chart, if desired. ) " and ! (to trace from section - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 128
122 Chapter 6: Statistical Plots 1. Create two lists in the List editor, SCORE and FREQ. 3 For more information on entering lists, see Chapter 5: Lists. 2. Turn off all stat plots. -e4b 3. Display the STAT PLOTS menu. -e 4. Define Plot1 as a Histogram as shown to the right. 1b#"""" "b#-v SCORE b # - - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 129
displayed on the Graph screen. Box plots ignore Ymin and Ymax values. To adjust Xmin and Xmax manually, press ' and enter the new values with the number keys. If you want the calculator to adjust the window values for you automatically, press ( 7:ZoomStat. For more information about setting WINDOW - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 130
124 Chapter 6: Statistical Plots ³ Graph the test scores data from the Histogram example as a Box plot. (See previous section, if necessary.) 1. Turn off all stat plots. -e4b 2. Display the Stat Plots menu. -e 3. Define Plot1 as a Box plot as shown to the right. 1b#"""" ""b#-v SCORE b # - v FREQ - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 131
Chapter 6: Statistical Plots 125 ³ Graph the test scores data from the Histogram and Box plot examples as a Modified Box plot. (See those sections, if necessary.) However, adjust SCORE and FREQ by inserting two outlier data points: 112 and 40, both at a frequency of 1. 1. Edit SCORE and FREQ in - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 132
126 Chapter 6: Statistical Plots - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 133
and mode( - v " " 3, 4, and 5 130 stdDev( - v " " 6 131 sum( - v " " 7 132 The - v CALCULATE Menu 133 Using Frequency Lists with - v CALC Menu Items 133 1-Var Stats and 2-Var Stats - v " " " 1 and 2 134 Manual-Fit - v ! 3 138 Med-Med - v ! 4 140 LinReg(ax+b) - v ! 5 142 QuadReg - v ! 6 144 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 134
sum( Returns the minimum of two real numbers, lists, or expressions. Returns the maximum of two real numbers, lists, or expressions. Returns the calculated average of the values in a list. Returns the middle value occurring in a list. Returns the most frequently occurring element in a list. Returns - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 135
Chapter 7: Statistical Analyses 129 If both arguments are lists, they must have the same number of elements. If one argument is a list and the other a non-list, the non-list is compared with each element of the list, and a list is returned. min(valueA,valueB) min(list) max( (maximum) functions - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 136
in numerical order. With an even number of elements, the calculator returns the average of the two middle elements. mean( returns the only counted once. mean(list[,freq]) median(list[,freq]) mode(list[,freq]) ³ Calculate David’s final course average for his math class. He received an 85 on Test - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 137
number of elements. stdDev(list,freq[,type]) type=0 (population standard deviation) or 1 (sample population deviation). If type is not specified, the calculator returns sample population deviation. ³ Find the population standard deviation of ¨TEST (from the previous example). Use ¨FREQ as your freq - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 138
,33,5,22,45}. 1. Create a list, in the List editor, SUM. 3 For more information on entering lists, see Chapter 5: Lists. 2. Return to the Home screen, and calculate the partial list sum. -l: -v""7 - v SUM b ¡4¡6Eb - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 139
is provided. - v " " " –o r – -v! 1:1-Var Stats 2:2-Var Stats 3:Manual-Fit 4:Med-Med 5:LinReg(ax+b) 6:QuadReg 7:ExpReg Calculates 1-variable statistics. Calculates 2-variable statistics. Allows user to fit a line manually to plotted data. Calculates a Median-Median line for the plotted data. Fits - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 140
134 Chapter 7: Statistical Analyses Non-integer freq elements are valid. This is useful when entering frequencies expressed as percentages or parts that add up to 1. However, if freq contains non-integer frequencies, Sx and Sy (sample standard deviation) are undefined, and values are not displayed - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 141
Chapter 7: Statistical Analyses 135 2. Return to the Home screen, and calculate the 1-Var Stats for the lists. -l: -v!1 -v1¡ -v2b Press $ and lists, see Chapter 5: Lists. 2. Return to the Home screen, and calculate the 2-Var Stats for the lists. -l: -v!2 -v1¡ -v2¡ -v3b Press $ and # to scroll all - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 142
the Results Mean? 1-Var Stats and 2-Var Stats variables are calculated and stored as indicated below. To access these variables for use Median of the elements PTS between minX and Med (1st quartile). Only calculated for 1-Var Stats. Median of all data points. PTS Median of the elements PTS - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 143
If, for example, you execute 5: LinReg(ax+b), but you don’t initially store RegEQ to a Yn variable, you can later insert RegEQ into the Y= editor. The calculator graphs the regression equation when it is selected. If the frequency for an element or data pair is 0, the element or data pair is ignored - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 144
you to fit a line to plotted data on the Graph screen manually (as opposed to the calculator automatically drawing it for you). You can execute Manual-Fit from either the Graph screen or the Home screen. From the Graph screen, select Manual-Fit, and then draw the line (steps provided below). The - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 145
Chapter 7: Statistical Analyses 139 ³ Graph a scatter plot for L1 and L2, where L1={1,3,4,5,5,7,8,9} and L2={1,4,2,3,4,6,7,9}, and use Manual-Fit to draw a line through the points. 1. Set Decimal Notation mode to 2, if desired. .#"""b 2. After entering the lists, define Plot1 as a scatter plot using - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 146
may vary. Med-Med - v ! 4 Med-Med (Median-Median) fits the model equation, y=ax+b, to the data using the median-median line (resistant line) technique, calculating the summary points x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, and y3. Med-Med displays values for a (slope) and b (y-intercept). You can execute Med-Med from - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 147
Chapter 7: Statistical Analyses 141 If freq is omitted, all values are used once. If XList and YList are not specified, the default list names are L1 and L2. To access Yn variables, press - } 2:Y-Vars. Med-Med [XList,YList,freq,Yn] ³ Graph a scatter plot for L1 and L2, where L1={1,3,4,5,5,7,8,9} and - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 148
screen, Home screen, or the Program editor. It is also helpful to compare the slope of the line you draw with Manual-Fit to the slope of the line the calculator calculates with the LinReg(ax+b) command. From the Home screen or the Program editor, LinReg(ax+b) accepts four optional arguments. Enter - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 149
Chapter 7: Statistical Analyses 143 ³ Graph a scatter plot for L1 and L2, where L1={1,3,4,5,5,7,8,9} and L2={1,4,2,3,4,6,7,9}, and use LinReg(ax+b) to draw the linear regression line through the points. 1. Set Decimal Notation mode to 2, if desired. .#"""b 2. After entering the lists, define Plot1 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 150
144 Chapter 7: Statistical Analyses 5. View the line on the Graph screen. (7 The Manual-Fit line, Y1 (see example from that section) The LinReg(ax+b) line 6. View the equation stored to Y2, if desired. & Y3 and Y4 may vary. - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 151
Chapter 7: Statistical Analyses 145 ³ Graph a scatter plot for L1 and L2, where L1={1,3,4,5,5,7,8,9} and L2={1,4,2,3,4,6,7,9}, and use QuadReg to draw the quadratic regression curve through the points. 1. Set Decimal Notation mode to 2, if desired. .#"""b 2. After entering the lists, define Plot1 as - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 152
146 Chapter 7: Statistical Analyses 6. View the equation stored to Y1, if desired. & Y2, Y3, and Y4 may vary. ExpReg - v ! 7 ExpReg (exponential regression) fits the model equation y=abx to the data using a least-squares fit and transformed values x and ln(y). It displays values for a and b; when - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 153
Chapter 7: Statistical Analyses 147 2. After entering the lists, define Plot1 as a scatter plot using L1 and L2, as shown to the right. -e For more information on defining stat zplots, see Chapter 6: Statistical Plots. 3. Turn off Y2, Y3, and Y4, if they have been previously defined and selected. - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 154
148 Chapter 7: Statistical Analyses - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 155
8 Tables What Is a Table 150 Steps for Creating a Table 151 Defining and Selecting Functions in the Y= Editor &.... 152 Setting Up the Table - f 153 Displaying the Table - i 154 Indpnt=Auto and Depend=Auto 155 Indpnt=Auto and Depend=Ask 156 Indpnt=Ask 157 Editing Yn from the Table Screen 160 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 156
150 Chapter 8: Tables What Is a Table? A table displays coordinate pair (X,Y) solutions for a defined function. One column displays independent variable values (X), and all others display corresponding dependent variable values (Y). On the TIN73, functions can be displayed in one of three ways, as - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 157
Chapter 8: Tables 151 Steps for Creating a Table Follow these basic steps when defining a table. Define or edit up to four functions & in the Y= editor. Select the Yn function(s) that you want to be included in the table. Highlight =, and press b. Set up the table. - f Y1 and Y2 are - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 158
define up to four functions, Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4, in terms of the independent variable, X. For every selected function in the Y= editor, the calculator automatically creates a column of Yn values. Because the Y= editor holds up to four functions, the TIN73 can create up to four Yn columns in a table - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 159
view the Table screen. • Ask — No Yn values are shown when you view the Table screen. Instead you select which Yn values you want the calculator to display. - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 160
a table element, the entry line displays the value in its entirety. The values displayed in the table are affected by the mode settings. If the calculator is set to the Sci Numeric Notation mode, all applicable values in all columns are displayed in scientific notation. If your - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 161
Chapter 8: Tables 155 Indpnt=Auto and Depend=Auto Select these settings on the TABLE SETUP screen when you want all X and Yn values to appear automatically. ³ You have two dogs, Rover and Spot. You feed Rover 3 times a day. You feed Spot 4 times a day. How many times will Spot and Rover have eaten - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 162
156 Chapter 8: Tables ³ How many times will Spot and Rover have eaten after 1, 3, and 4 weeks? (Refer to the previous example, if necessary.) 1. Set up the table where TblStart=0, @Tbl=7, Indpnt=Auto, and Depend=Auto. -f 0#7#b #b 2. Display the table. -i X values change by 7 since @Tbl=7. - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 163
Chapter 8: Tables 157 ³ Display the number of times Rover has eaten after 4 days and 8 days, and display the number of times Spot has eaten after 3 days and 6 days. (Refer to the previous example, if necessary.) 1. Setup the table where TblStart=3, @Tbl=1, Indpnt=Auto, and Depend=Ask. -f 3#1#b#" b - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 164
158 Chapter 8: Tables ³ How many total times will Spot and Rover have eaten after 16 days, 37 days, 52 days, and 74 days? (Refer to the previous examples, if necessary.) 1. Setup the table where Indpnt=Ask and Depend=Auto. TblStart and @Tbl values are ignored. -f ##"b #b 2. Display the table. - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 165
Chapter 8: Tables 159 Editing X Values from the Table Screen You can edit X values from the Table screen when Indpnt=Ask. ³ Change X=37 to X=36. (Refer to the previous example, if necessary.) 1. Display the current table. -i 2. Highlight X=37. # or $ (as necessary) 3. Move the cursor to the entry - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 166
160 Chapter 8: Tables Editing Yn from the Table Screen At any time you can edit Yn from the Table screen without returning to the Y= editor. ³ Change Y1 =3x to Y1 =3x+5. (Refer to the previous example, if necessary.) 1. Display the Table screen, and highlight Y1 with the cursor. -i " a nd $ (as - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 167
Chapter 8: Tables 161 Table Setup from the Home Screen You can store values to TblStart and @Tbl from the Home screen or the Program editor. These table variable names are on the - } 5:Table menu. You also can select DependAsk, DependAuto, IndpntAsk, and IndpntAuto from a Program editor to turn on - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 168
162 Chapter 8: Tables - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 169
9 Function Graphing Steps for Graphing a Function 164 Example of Function Graphing 165 Defining Functions in the Y= Editor 167 Entering Functions 167 Editing Functions 168 Selecting Functions 168 Exiting the Y= Editor 169 Selecting a Graph Style 169 Setting the Window Format - g 171 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 170
164 Chapter 9: Function Graphing Steps for Graphing a Function Follow these basic steps when graphing a function. You may not have to do all of them each time. Define or edit up to four functions & in the Y= editor. Select the Yn function(s) that you want to graph. Deselect statistical plots, - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 171
your answers in the form of a function graph. Y=2X X=number of cookies Tham eats Y=number of cookies Antonio eats These steps explain what the calculator does internally when you define a function graph. The next page shows how to use the TIN73 to find the answers to this example. 1. This - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 172
166 Chapter 9: Function Graphing ³ Graph Y=2X on your calculator and find the solutions to the word problem. 1. Display the Y= editor. & Your Y= editor may vary. 2. Clear Y1=, if necessary. Enter Y1=2X. :2I Deselect all other defined functions, if necessary. 3. Show the table - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 173
the cursor to the function that you want to define, Y2. # 3. Clear Y2, if necessary. : 4. Enter Y2=3X+5. 3I\5 If you tried the chapter example problem, then Y1=2X. - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 174
168 Chapter 9: Function Graphing Editing Functions You can edit or delete functions at any time in the Y= editor. Move the cursor to the function in the Y= editor that you want to change. You can: • Use the edit keys such as / and - m to delete and insert characters. • Overwrite current entries. • - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 175
a function graph. The graph style icons described below are located to the left of Yn in the Y= editor. If you do not select a style, the calculator graphs all defined functions with the default style, Line. To select a style, press ! from the Yn equal sign (=) to highlight the graph style icon, and - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 176
170 Chapter 9: Function Graphing Icon Style ç Line Description Example (Y1=2x) Connects plotted points with a line. This is the default. è Thick Connects plotted points with a thick line. é Above Shades the area above the graph. ê Below Shades the area below the graph. ë Path A - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 177
Chapter 9: Function Graphing 171 ³ Set the Below graph style for Y2=3X+5. 1. Enter the Y= editor and define Y2=3X+5. &#:3I\5 2. Highlight the graph style icon (to the left of the Y2) and select the graph style, Below. !!!!!! bbb 3. Display the graph. (6 Setting the Window Format - g The window - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 178
172 Chapter 9: Function Graphing Setting CoordOn/ CoordOff GridOff/ GridOn Turns these on or off: X- and Y-coordinates of the cursor at the bottom of the screen. Useful when tracing a graph. Grid lines that correspond to the axes tick marks. Example: CoordOn AxesOn/ AxesOff X- and Y-axes. - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 179
adjust the WINDOW values ('). Depending upon which section of a graph you specify through the WINDOW values, the display on your calculator screen can look very different. In the example below, the first calculator screen uses WINDOW values which include all four quadrants for the function, Y1=X¦cos - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 180
174 Chapter 9: Function Graphing The Window Values Screen ' WINDOW values put specific boundaries on the display. For an explanation of @X, see the section in this chapter entitled “Controlling the Increments of a Trace.” To exit the WINDOW menu, select another screen by pressing the appropriate key - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 181
Chapter 9: Function Graphing 175 Determining Window Values for a Specific Graph The following example shows how you can adjust the WINDOW values manually (as opposed to using the standard WINDOW values set by ( 6:ZStandard). ³ Yuko practices the piano 50 minutes per day. How many minutes has he - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 182
176 Chapter 9: Function Graphing ³ Graph the function, Y1=50X, on your calculator. 1. Display the Y= editor. & 2. Enter Y1=50X. :50I Note: Deselect any other functions by highlighting the corresponding = and pressing b. 3. Graph the function using standard window values ( - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 183
Chapter 9: Function Graphing 177 7. Find the Y values when X= 2, 4, and 5. 2b4b5b Note: Consider using the CONVERSIONS menu (- , 4) to convert your answers (in minutes) to seconds, hours, days, weeks, or years. When X=4, Y=200. If you trace ()) the graph with the cursor keys to an X value - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 184
178 Chapter 9: Function Graphing To pause while a graph is being drawn, press b; press b again to resume plotting. Press ^ to stop graphing. Press * to start over and plot again. Smart Graph When you press *, the Graph screen immediately displays (instead of replotting) the previous function graph - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 185
to @X (which is optional), you can control the X coordinates of a trace. @X is a WINDOW value; change it by pressing '. The TIN73 automatically calculates @X as: @X = (Xmax-Xmin) 94 If standard window values are set (ZStandard), @X = .21276595744681. If you assign a value to @X, the values for - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 186
180 Chapter 9: Function Graphing ³ Graph Y1=2X with ZStandard. 1. Define Y1=2X in the Y= editor. &:2I Note: Deselect any other functions by highlighting the corresponding = and pressing b. 2. Graph and trace the function. ( 6 ) " ! (as necessary) ³ Assign .5 to @X, and graph and trace Y1=2X. '##.5 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 187
around the point by an amount defined by SetFactors (found on the ( MEMORY menu). Lets you select a point with the cursor keys. The calculator then zooms out around the point by an amount defined by SetFactors. Displays Quadrant I only. Replots the graph immediately. Adjusts WINDOW variables so that - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 188
( 1 With ZBox, use the cursor keys to draw a box around a specific section of the Graph screen that you would like to view up close. The calculator then zooms in on the area inside the box with the cursor in the center of the screen. ³ Explore the function graph, Y1=2X with - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 189
Chapter 9: Function Graphing 183 2. Select the ZBox function and return to the function graph. (1 3. Move the cursor to one corner of the box you want to define. "!$#b 4. Move the cursor to the corner diagonally opposite from the first one. "!$# 5. Replot the graph. b Cursor changes to a small - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 190
4. Replot the graph. b The cursor point becomes the center of the new window. Zoom Out works exactly the same way as Zoom In. The calculator zooms out automatically around the center point. ZStandard ( 6 ZStandard is one of the more popular zoom commands because many function graphs look good when - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 191
definitions. For ZDecimal, press ) to view the new coordinate values. Examples of these operations are included in Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference. The ( MEMORY Menu (" 1:ZPrevious 2:SetFactors Replots all selected function graphs using the WINDOW variables of the graph that was - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 192
186 Chapter 9: Function Graphing SetFactors ( " 2 The zoom factors, XFact and YFact, are positive real numbers ‚1. They define the magnification or reduction factor used to Zoom In or Zoom Out around a cursor point. The default values for both XFact and YFact are 4. Highlight the factor you want to - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 193
10 Drawing The 2 DRAW Menu 188 ClrDraw 2 1 189 Line( 2 2 189 Horizontal and Vertical 2 3 and 4 191 Shade( 2 5 193 Circle( 2 6 195 Text( 2 7 197 Pen 2 8 199 The 2 POINTS Menu 201 Pt-On(, Pt-Off(, and Pt-Change( 2 " 1, 2, and 3 202 Pxl-On(, Pxl-Off(, and Pxl-Change( 2 " 4, 5, and 6 205 pxl- - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 194
on top of function graphs and stat plots (see Chapter 9: Function Graphing and Chapter 6: Statistical Plots). The way the TIN73 interprets draw instructions depends on whether you accessed the menu items from the Home screen or the Program editor, or directly from a graph. Note: Redefining WINDOW - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 195
them with the 2 STO menu. If you select ClrDraw from the Home screen or a program, it is pasted to the cursor location. Pressing b executes the instruction, all drawings on the current graph are erased, and the message Done is displayed. When you display the graph again, all drawn elements disappear - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 196
the Home screen or the Program editor, Line( can draw or erase a line segment from point (X ,Y ) to (X ,Y ) on the Graph screen. You follow the Line( instruction with the coordinates of the beginning point (X1,Y1) and the ending point (X2,Y2) of the line segment. Including the argument, 0, after the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 197
line from (2,3) to (4,6). -l22 2¡3¡4¡6¡0E b Horizontal and Vertical 2 3 and 4 Horizontal and Vertical draw a horizontal or vertical line on the Graph screen. You can execute both instructions from the Graph screen, Home screen or the Program editor. - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 198
192 Chapter 10: Drawing Horizontal and Vertical from the Graph Screen To draw a horizontal or vertical line on the Graph screen: 1. From the Graph screen, select 2 3 or 4. The cursor appears in the middle of the Graph screen. The X- and Y-coordinates are shown at the bottom of the screen. 2. A line - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 199
you can shade areas above and below functions on the Graph screen. You can execute Shade( only from the Home screen or in a programming instruction. Shade( accepts two mandatory arguments and four optional arguments. However, you cannot skip any arguments. For example, if you want to specify the 5th - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 200
To use Shade( from the Home screen or a program: 1. Select 2 5. 2. Enter two functions, lower and upper, in terms of X. After the instruction is executed, the calculator graphs the functions and shades above lower and below upper. 3. Enter left and right, the left and right X boundaries, if desired - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 201
for the same functions. -l21b -£-£ !¡a2¡5Eb ` 5 is the right boundary. Circle( 2 6 M2 is the left boundary. You can execute the Circle( instruction from the Graph screen, Home screen, or the Program editor. Circle( from the Graph Screen To draw a circle on the Graph screen: 1. From the Graph - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 202
196 Chapter 10: Drawing ³ Draw a circle from the Graph screen. 1. Clear all previous drawings, and select the center point of the circle. *2126 # $ " ! (as necessary) b 2. Move the cursor to a point on the circumference. $#"! (as necessary) 3. Draw the circle. b Circle( from the Home Screen or - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 203
on the Graph screen when a graph is displayed. Use the Text editor (- t) to access all text characters. You may enter TIN73 functions, variables, and instructions as text. The font is proportional, so the exact number of characters you can place on the graph varies. Text( from the Graph Screen To - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 204
of the first character, and text, which can be functions, variables, or text instructions. Text(row,column,text) Text(row,column,"text") row is an integer between you try to draw text on any edge of the Graph screen, the calculator only displays text that fits; text does not wrap to the next row. - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 205
Chapter 10: Drawing 199 2. Using the Text editor, enter "QUAD1". -t"b QbUb AbDb1 " b Done b E b Pen 2 8 Pen draws any shape you want, including irregular or unusual ones. You can execute Pen only from the Graph screen. You cannot execute Pen from the Home screen or the Program editor. To draw your - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 206
200 Chapter 10: Drawing ³ Draw a happy face on the Graph screen. 1. Clear all previous drawings, and then select AxesOff. *21 -g##" b 2. First draw a circle. *26b $ (as necessary) b 3. Use Pen( to draw the eyes. 28 # and ! (as necessary) bb " (as necessary) bb 4. Draw the mouth. # b (to begin smile) - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 207
and stat plots (see Chapter 9: Function Graphing and Chapter 6: Statistical Plots). The way the TIN73 interprets the point instructions depends on whether you accessed the instructions from the Home screen or the Program editor, or directly from a graph. Redefining WINDOW values (( 6:ZStandard - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 208
202 Chapter 10: Drawing Pt-On(, Pt-Off(, and Pt-Change( 2 " 1, 2, and 3 Pt-On(, Pt-Off(, and Pt-Change( turn on, off, or change the status of a point from the Graph screen, Home screen, or Program editor. A point (as opposed to a pixel) is tied directly to the X- and Yaxes. The screen is divided - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 209
Chapter 10: Drawing 203 ³ Draw points from the Graph screen. 1. Select AxesOn, if desired, and then clear all previous drawings. -g##b *21 2. Select the beginning point where you want to draw the point. 2"1"!$# (as necessary) 3. Draw the point. b 4. Repeat as necessary. ³ Erase four points from the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 210
) but your viewing window is set to the standard values, you do not see the point since the viewing window does not include the specific part of the graph where (20,30) exists. Press ' to redefine the WINDOW values. Note: Redefining WINDOW values, graphing a Yn function or stat plot, or pressing - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 211
from the 2 POINTS menu, the TIN73 returns you to the Home screen or the Program editor. Since the pixel instructions are not interactive, they cannot be used from the Graph screen. A pixel is independent of the X- and Y- axes. It is based instead on the physical - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 212
store) menu lets you store or recall up to three pictures in memory. When you select an instruction from the 2 STO menu, the TIN73 returns to the Home screen or the Program editor. The picture instructions are not interactive, which means you cannot use them from the Graph screen. Note: All examples - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 213
functions, axes, and tick marks. The picture does not include axes labels, lower and upper bound indicators, prompts, or cursor coordinates. Any parts of the display hidden by these items are stored with the picture. StorePic accepts one mandatory argument, number, which specifies the number of the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 214
recalls Pic3. Pressing b displays the current graph and superimposes Pic3 on it. Since pictures are drawings, you cannot trace a curve that is part of a picture. RecallPic number To see which graph variables have pictures stored to them, use the PICTURE secondary menu (- } 4:Picture). Each variable - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 215
11 Trigonometry The - u TRIG Menu 210 Trig Functions - u 1, 3, and 5 210 Inverse Trig Functions - u 2, 4, and 6 211 Angle Mode Settings 211 Graphing Trig Functions 214 The - u ANGLE Menu 215 Using ¡ and r to Specify Degrees and Radians - u " 1 and 4 216 Converting between Degrees and Radians - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 216
3, and 5 All trig functions return the sine, cosine, or tangent of a real number, expression, or a each element in a list. If value is a list, the calculator calculates the trig function of each element in the list, and a list is returned. sin(value) cos(value) tan(value) For tan, value cannot be 90 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 217
element in a list. If value is a list, the calculator calculates the inverse trig function of each element in the list, and a list is returned. Angle Mode Settings In trig calculations, angles are interpreted as degrees ( ¡ ) or radians ( r ), depending - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 218
, select the Angle mode for your value and then select the function. In Radian Angle mode, angles are often defined in terms of p. ³ Calculate sin(30) in both degrees and radians. 1. Select the Degree Angle mode. .##b 2. Return to the Home screen, and clear it, if desired. -l: 3. Enter sin - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 219
Home screen, and clear it, if desired. -l: 3. Enter tan-1(1). -u6 1Eb 4. Using the result, enter tan(45). -u5 45Eb ³ In Radian mode, calculate cos(p/4). 1. Select the Radian Angle mode. .##"b This confirms the previous result. 2. Return to the Home screen, and clear it, if desired. -l: 3. Enter - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 220
214 Chapter 11: Trigonometry Graphing Trig Functions In addition to using the calculator to solve trig functions numerically, as described so far in this chapter, you can solve trig functions graphically. For more information on generating function tables - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 221
Chapter 11: Trigonometry 215 6. Use the table to check your result. Set TblStart=90, @Tbl=60, Indpnt=Auto and Depend=Auto. -f90#60 -i $ or # , as necessary From these two screens, you know that tan(X) is undefined at X=M270, M90, 90, 270, 450. The - u ANGLE Menu The ANGLE menu lets you specify the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 222
according to the Angle mode setting. However, you can specify an angle as degrees or radians regardless of the Angle mode. Suppose a series of trig calculations uses radians, but a few use degrees. Rather than change from Radian to Degree Angle mode and then back again, you can stay in the Radian - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 223
Chapter 11: Trigonometry 217 Converting between Degrees and Radians Set the Angle mode to the unit you want to convert to because results are displayed according to the Angle mode setting. Then use ¡ or r to designate the unit to convert from. ³ Convert 50¡ to radians. 1. Set Angle mode to Radian. - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 224
function, where the angle is in DMS notation (as shown in the following example), the angle is interpreted as degrees, even in Radian mode. ³ Calculate sin(30¡10'23") in Degree and Radian mode. 1. Select Degree Angle mode. .##b 2. Return to the Home screen, and clear it, if desired. -l: 3. Enter - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 225
Chapter 11: Trigonometry 219 5. Calculate sin(30¡10'23"). -l -£b DMS notation overrides Radian mode. In Radian mode, if you enter an angle only (without a trig function) in DMS notation (as - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 226
the DMS equivalent. For example, 508DMS in Radian mode shows 2804¡47'20.312". Likewise, in Degree mode, if you enter 508DMS (no ¡), the calculator interprets 50 as degrees, and then displays the DMS equivalent. For example, 508DMS in Degree mode shows 50¡0'0". ³ In Degree Angle mode, convert 50.672 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 227
12 Programming What Is a Program 223 Steps for Creating a Program 223 Creating and Naming a New Program 224 Create New 8 " " 1 224 The Program Editor 225 Entering Program Commands 226 The 8 CTL Menu 227 If 8 1 229 If-Then 8 1 and 2 229 If-Then-Else 8 1, 2, and 3 230 For( 8 4 231 While 8 5 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 228
222 Chapter 12: Programming The 8 I/O Menu 241 Input 8 " 1 242 Prompt 8 " 2 244 Disp 8 " 3 244 DispGraph 8 " 4 245 DispTable 8 " 5 245 Output( 8 " 6 245 getKey 8 " 7 246 ClrScreen and ClrTable 8 " 8 and 9 247 GetCalc( 8 " 0 247 Get( and Send( 8 " A and B 247 Editing Program Commands 248 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 229
12: Programming 223 What Is a Program? A program is a series of one or more programming commands to be executed by the calculator. Each command is an expression or instruction and begins with a colon (:). The number and size of programs that the TIN73 can store is limited only by available memory - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 230
be any combination of letters and numbers. Access letters from the Text editor (- t). If you type a name with more than eight characters, the calculator accepts the first eight characters and disregards the rest. ³ Create a new program and name it PROGRAM1. 1. Display the 8 NEW menu. 8"" 2. Select - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 231
automatically enters the Program editor with the name of the program on the top line. • Select a program to edit from the 8 EDIT menu (8 "). The calculator automatically enters the Program editor with the name of the program on the top line. Each new command line in the Program editor begins with - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 232
the Program editor, you also can select from function menus on the calculator (1, - ,, etc.), change settings (., - f, etc.), as well as select function keys (=, 6, etc.). Simply press the appropriate key, and the function, instruction, or mode setting is pasted at the cursor location in the Program - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 233
(excludes 6:Solver) • ( MEMORY (excludes 2:SetFactors) Exiting the Program Editor Pressing l, or 3 exits the Program editor and displays the applicable screen. The calculator automatically saves all command lines in memory whenever you exit the Program editor. The 8 CTL Menu You can only access the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 234
228 Chapter 12: Programming 1:If 2:Then 3:Else 4:For( 5:While 6:Repeat 7:End 8:Pause 9:Lbl 0:Goto A:IS>( B:DS - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 235
depending upon condition. If condition is true (non-zero), then command1 is executed. If condition is false (zero), then command1 is skipped. If instructions can be nested. :If condition :command1 (if true) :command2 ³ Write a program named COUNT that adds one to variable A and displays the current - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 236
230 Chapter 12: Programming ³ Write a program named TEST that tests the values of variable X. If X - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 237
Chapter 12: Programming 231 ³ Write a program named TESTELSE that tests an input value, X. If X - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 238
While is encountered. End identifies the end of block. When condition is false (zero), the program executes each command following End. While instructions can be nested. :While condition :block (while condition is true) :End :command ³ Write a program named LOOP that increments two variables, I and - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 239
is on in the top-right corner. Press b to resume execution. Pause without value temporarily pauses the program. If the DispGraph or Disp instruction has been executed, the appropriate screen is displayed. :Pause Pause with value displays value on the Home screen. value can be scrolled. :Pause - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 240
234 Chapter 12: Programming ³ Write a program named PAUSE that stores a value to A, an equation to Y1, graphs Y1 using standard WINDOW values (ZStandard), pauses, and then displays A. PROGRAM:PAUSE :2"A :FnOff :"X+A""Y :ZStandard For FnOff and Y1, press - } 2 1. For ZStandard, :Pause press ( - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 241
answer is { value, then command1 is executed. command2 is always executed. variable cannot be a system variable. IS>( is not a looping instruction. :IS>(variable,value) :command1 (if answer { value) :command2 ³ Write a program named ISKIP that displays A until A>5. PROGRAM:ISKIP :0"A :Lbl S :Disp - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 242
. Menu( 8 C Menu( generates a menu of up to seven items during program execution. The pause indicator stays on until you select a menu item. The calculator then branches to the label corresponding with that item. The menu title is enclosed in quotation marks (" ") and can have up to 16 characters - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 243
The values you enter for the variables (assigned to the menu items) are stored in the calculator’s memory. Also, if you assign to a menu item a variable that has been previously defined in the calculator’s memory, that value displays when you first execute the program. Press - l to exit the menu and - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 244
”; however, it allows you to enter the name of a program that you have not yet created. :prgmname ³ Write two programs named CALCAREA and VOLUME. CALCAREA calculates the area of a circle. VOLUME inputs the circle diameter D, and height H, calls CALCAREA as a subroutine, which - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 245
Chapter 12: Programming 239 PROGRAM:VOLUME :Input "DIAMETER=",D :Input "HEIGHT=",H :prgmCALCAREA :A¦HÜV :Disp "VOLUME=",V :Pause Press b after inputs. PROGRAM:CALCAREA :D/2ÜR :p¦R ÜA :Return Return 8 F Return quits the subroutine and returns execution to the calling program, even if it is - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 246
cannot delete a program or a system variable. :DelVar variable ³ Write a program named DELVAR that deletes the value for variable A from the calculator’s memory. PROGRAM:DELVAR :{1,2}ÜL1 :Disp L1 :Pause :DelVar L1 :Disp L1 :Pause Press b. GraphStyle( 8 I GraphStyle( defines one of seven graph - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 247
For ZStandard, press ( 6. The 8 I/O Menu You can only access the 8 I/O (input/output) menu by pressing 8 " from the Program editor. The 8 I/O menu instructions allow you to input values and output answers during program execution. To return to the Program editor without selecting an item, press - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 248
question mark) prompt (unless otherwise defined) is displayed. Enter a real number, a list name, or a Yn function. Then press b, which tells the calculator to evaluate the input and store the value to variable. :Input variable To input lists and expressions during program execution, you must use the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 249
Chapter 12: Programming 243 ³ Write a program named INPUTVAR that inputs two sets of data and a function, and then solves the function using both of the data sets. PROGRAM:INPUTVAR :Input "Y =",Y For Y1, press - } 2 1. :Input "A=",A :Input "¨DATA=",¨DATA For ¨, press - v " 9. :Disp - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 250
244 Chapter 12: Programming Prompt 8 " 2 During program execution, Prompt displays the specified variables followed by =?, one at a time on separate lines. During program execution, the user enters a value or expression for each variable, and then presses b. The values are stored, and the program - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 251
Chapter 12: Programming 245 ³ Write a program named DISPNOTE that displays the messages, “I LOVE MATH” and “TEST1 GRADE=95”. PROGRAM:DISPNOTE :Disp "I LOVE MATH" :Pause :Disp "TEST1 GRADE=",95 :Pause Press b. DispGraph 8 " 4 DispGraph (display graph) displays the graph of all defined and - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 252
246 Chapter 12: Programming ³ Write a program named OUTPUT that writes the contents of B to a specific area on the screen. PROGRAM:OUTPUT :3+5"B :ClrScreen :Output(5,4,"ANSWER: ") :Output(5,12,B) :Pause getKey 8 " 7 getKey returns a number corresponding to the last key pressed, according to the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 253
of variable from another TIN73 and stores it to variable on the receiving 73. variable can be a real number, list element, list name, Yn Send( 8 " A and B Get( gets data from the Calculator-Based Laboratoryè (CBL 2™, CBL™), or Calculator-Based Rangerè (CBRè) system and stores it to variable on the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 254
(L1) :Get(L2) Editing Program Commands To edit a stored program, select the program name that you want to edit from the 8 EDIT menu. The calculator displays the Program editor and all existing program lines for that program. The 8 EDIT menu lists in alphabetical order all created programs. From this - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 255
command line, place the cursor on the line, press : to clear all instructions and expressions on the line, and then press / to delete the command the (8 " ") menu to create and name the new program. The calculator then automatically displays the Program editor with the program name on the top line - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 256
250 Chapter 12: Programming Then follow these steps: 1. Position the cursor where you want the copy of the program to begin. 2. Press - P. Rcl is displayed on the bottom line of the Program editor. 3. Press 8 " " to display the 8 EXEC menu. 4. Select a name from the menu. prgmname is pasted to the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 257
Chapter 12: Programming 251 8 " " (from the Program editor only) When prgmname is encountered during execution, the next command that the program executes is the first command in the subroutine. It returns to the subsequent command in the first program when it encounters either Return or the implied - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 258
2:Goto. Debugging a Program The TIN73 checks for program errors during program execution. It does not check for errors as you enter a program. If the calculator finds an error during program execution, it stops execution and then displays an error screen. • To return to the Home screen, press 1:Quit - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 259
13 Communication Link and the CBL/CBR Application TIN73 Link Capabilities 254 Linking to Another Calculator 254 Linking to the CBL 2/CBL System or CBR 255 The Link SEND Menu 9 1 255 The Link RECEIVE Menu 9 1 257 Transmitting Data Items 258 Repeating a - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 260
CBL™), or the Calculator-Based Rangerè (CBRè). You can communicate with a personal computer using TI™ Connect or TI-GRAPH LINK™ software and a TI-GRAPH LINK cable. For information about any of these accessories, contact Texas Instruments Customer Support (see Appendix C: BatteryàService and Warranty - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 261
unit link cables that are included with the calculator, the CBR and the CBL 2/CBL. See the this chapter. Linking to a PC or Macintoshè TI-GRAPH LINKè is an optional application that connects to between two calculators, you must set up one calculator to send the data and the other calculator to - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 262
list names that are defined as numerical lists, real number variables, and picture variables. Displays all software applications. Displays all software applications variables. Sends the Calculator ID number immediately. (You do not need to select TRANSMIT.) Selects all RAM for backup to a TIN73. - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 263
To select data items to send from the sending unit to another calculator, follow these steps: 1. Press 9 to display the APPLICATIONS menu. RECEIVE menu. To communicate between two calculators, you must set up one calculator to send the data and the other calculator to receive the data. The following - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 264
, and then on the receiving unit as each item is accepted. 6. After all selected items have been transmitted, the message Done is displayed on both calculators. Press $ and # to scroll through the names. To stop a transmission, press ^. The Error in Xmit menu is displayed on both units. To leave the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 265
. Transmission resumes with the next item. • To cancel the transmission and exit transmission mode, select 2:Quit. Repeating a Transmission to an Additional TI-73 After sending and receiving data between two TIN73s, you can repeat the same transmission without having to reselect data items to send - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 266
the Text editor (- t) (for example, renaming L1 to ¨ABC where ¨ABC is undefined). When renaming lists, do not enter the ¨ (- v OPS 9). The calculator assumes that it is a list name. Press b to resume transmission. Note: You cannot rename software applications or constants (the 1:Rename option is - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 267
item 0:Vars to TI83. Although a transmission error does not occur, these two conditions may prevent successful transmission: • You try to use Get( with a calculator instead of a CBL 2/CBL. • You try to use GetCalc( with a TIN82 or TIN83 instead of a TIN73. Backing Up Memory The TIN73 includes two - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 268
For up-to-date information about available upgrades and how to install them, check the TI web site at education.ti.com or contact Texas Instruments as described in Appendix C: BatteryàService and Warranty Information. How to Install Upgrades To install new Graph Explorer Software, including free - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 269
LINK™ software and a TI-GRAPH LINK cable to send the data items to a computer. The APPLICATIONS Menu 9 For the TIN73, you can buy additional software applications, which allow you to customize further your calculator's functionality. The calculator reserves four spaces (placeholders) within ROM - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 270
264 Chapter 13: Link and the CBLàCBR Application Steps for Running the CBLàCBR Application Follow these basic steps when using the CBLàCBR application. You may not have to do all of them each time. Select the CBLàCBR application. 9 2 b b Specify the data collection method. 1, 2, or 3 Select - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 271
, Light, Volt, or Sonic. CBR collects data using only the Sonic probe. You can find more information on CBL 2/CBL and CBR in their user manuals. - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 272
266 Chapter 13: Link and the CBLàCBR Application 92b 1:GAUGE 2:DATA LOGGER 3:RANGER 4:QUIT Represents results as either a bar or meter. Compatible with CBL 2/CBL or CBR. Represents results as a Temp-Time, Light-Time, Volt-Time, or Sonic-Time graph. Compatible with CBL 2/CBL or CBR. Sets up and - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 273
Chapter 13: Link and the CBLàCBR Application 267 1 The GAUGE data collection method lets you choose one of four different probes: Temp, Light, Volt, or Sonic. You can use the CBL 2/CBL with all probes; you can use the CBR only with the Sonic probe. When you select a PROBE option, all other options - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 274
unit measurement (Temp or Sonic probes only), highlight the one you want using the cursor keys, and then press b. DIRECTNS (Directions) If DIRECTNS=On, the calculator displays step-by-step directions on the screen, which help you set up and run the data collection. To select On or Off, highlight the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 275
Chapter 13: Link and the CBLàCBR Application 269 Probe Comment Labels (X) Data Results (Y) Stored to: Stored to: Temp ¨TCMNT ¨TEMP Light ¨LCMNT ¨LIGHT Volt Sonic ¨VCMNT ¨DCMNT ¨VOLT ¨DIST To see all elements in one of these lists, you can insert these lists into the List editor just as - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 276
270 Chapter 13: Link and the CBLàCBR Application The DATA LOGGER data collection method lets you choose one of four different probes: Temp, Light, Volt, or Sonic. You can use the CBL 2/CBL with all probes; you can use the CBR only with the Sonic probe. When you select a PROBE option, all other - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 277
or Off, highlight the one you want with the cursor keys, and then press b. With the Sonic data collection probe, if DIRECTNS=On, the calculator displays a menu screen before starting the application asking you to select 1:CBL or 2:CBR. This ensures that you get the appropriate directions. Press 1 to - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 278
272 Chapter 13: Link and the CBLàCBR Application Data Collection Results The calculator automatically converts all collected data points into list elements using the following list names (you cannot rename the lists): Probe Time Values (X) stored to: Temp ¨ - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 279
Chapter 13: Link and the CBLàCBR Application 273 92b3 b For detailed information about the RANGER program as well as option explanations, see the Getting Started with CBRè guidebook. Note: If you execute the RANGER data collection method, the program name, RANGER, appears in the 8 EXEC menu. You can - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 280
Press 1 to specify CBL or 2 to specify CBR. • If you select START NOW from the MAIN MENU of the RANGER data collection method, the calculator displays one directions screen. Press b to begin data collection. Stopping Data Collection To stop the GAUGE data collection method, press : on the TIN73. The - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 281
14 Memory Management The - Ÿ MEMORY Menu 276 About - Ÿ 1 276 Check RAM - Ÿ 2 277 Check APPs - Ÿ 3 277 Delete - Ÿ 4 278 Clear Home - Ÿ 5 279 ClrAllLists - Ÿ 6 280 Reset - Ÿ 7 280 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 282
Check RAM 3:Check APPs 4:Delete 5:Clear Home 6:ClrAllLists 7:Reset Displays information about the calculator. Reports memory availability and variable usage. Reports availability of application spaces. Displays the DELETE PROD. ID:02-X-XX-XX ID:XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXX Version Number Help:education.ti.com - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 283
either - l or :. -Ÿ2 Check APPs - Ÿ 3 Check Apps displays the Spaces Free screen, which displays application memory available on the calculator. Four spaces in the calculator’s memory are reserved for applications. The TIN73 comes with the CBLàCBR application already loaded. Since applications take - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 284
278 Chapter 14: Memory Management -Ÿ3 Delete - Ÿ 4 To increase available RAM memory or application space, you can delete the contents of any type of system variable. You also can delete applications or the application variable, AppVars. Delete displays a menu of types of variables from which you can - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 285
, but which are not recognized by the TIN73. For example, if you create a matrix with an application and save it to the calculator’s memory, the calculator stores it in AppVars since matrices are not recognized by the TIN73. In addition, you cannot edit or change variables in AppVars unless you - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 286
. To clear all elements from all lists: 1. Press - l to display the Home screen. 2. Press - Ÿ 6 to paste the instruction to the Home screen. 3. Press b to execute the instruction. Reset - Ÿ 7 The RESET secondary menu gives you the options of resetting all RAM memory (including default settings) or - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 287
Chapter 14: Memory Management 281 Resetting All Memory - Ÿ 7 1 Resetting all RAM memory on the TIN73 restores the memory to the factory settings. It deletes all non-system variables and all programs. It resets all system variables to the default settings. Before you reset ALL memory, consider - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 288
282 Chapter 14: Memory Management Resetting Defaults - Ÿ 7 2 When you reset defaults on the TIN73, all defaults are restored to the factory settings. Stored data and programs are not changed. Some examples of the TIN73 defaults that are restored by resetting the defaults are: • Mode settings (.). • - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 289
screen or to a command line in the Program editor. You also can use the specific keystrokes, menus, or screens listed here below the function or instruction’s name. † Indicates menus or screens that insert the operation’s name only if you are in the Program editor. In most cases (like mode or window - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 290
284 Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference abs(value) 1NUM abs(M35) b Returns the absolute list is returned. Test operations are frequently used in programs. Ans -¢ Returns the last answer calculated. 1.7¦4.2 b 147/ Ans b 35 7.14 20.58823529 augment(list1,list2) -vOPS Combines the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 291
Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference 285 BoxPlot See Plot1: Box Plot Circle(X,Y,radius) 2 Draws a circle with center (X,Y) and radius, a real number. ClrDraw b Circle(0,0,7) b WINDOW values are set with ZSquare. - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 292
286 Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference CoordOff CoordOn †-g WINDOW format settings; turns off or on cursor coordinates so that they are not displayed at the bottom of the graph. cos( - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 293
Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference 287 DependAuto †-f Selects the Depend: Auto TABLE SETUP format setting. Table automatically displays dependent variable (Y) values. DiagnosticOff DiagnosticOn -| Settings which tell the calculator not to display (DiagnosticOff) or to display ( - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 294
288 Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference DispTable ‡8I/O Programming command (display End ‡8CTL Programming command; you must include an End instruction at the end of each For(, While, or Repeat loop. Also, you must enter an End instruction at the end of each If-Then group and each - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 295
Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference 289 ExpReg [XList,YList,freq,Yn] {1,3,4,5,5,7,8,9}ÜL3 b Done -vCALC {1,4,2,3,4,6,7,9}ÜL4 b Done Fits the equation (y=abN) to XList and YList with Set Decimal mode to 2. - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 296
290 Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference FnOff [1,2,3,4] FnOn [1,2,3,4] -}2:Y-Vars FnOff 1,3 b FnOn 2 b increasing variable from begin by increment until variable>end. fPart(value) 1NUM Returns the fractional part of a real number, expression, or each element in a list. fPart(23.45)b - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 297
Reference 291 Goto label ‡8CTL Programming command; transfers program control to the label specified by preceding label instruction. PROGRAM:GOTO :Lbl 99 :Input A :If A‚100 :Stop :Disp A :Pause :Goto 99 GraphStyle(Yn,type) †8 C T L –or– - | Defines one of seven graphstyle types for Yn - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 298
292 Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference If-Then :If condition :Then :block (if true) :End ‡8CTL Programming commands; if condition is true (non-zero), then block is executed. If condition - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 299
Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference 293 Input Input [variable] Input ["text",variable] ‡ two positive integers and displays the quotient and the remainder, r. iPart(value) 1NUM Returns the integer part of a real number, expression, or each element of a list. iPart (23.45)b 23 iPart - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 300
294 Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference ¨listname -vOPS List signifier; precedes all user-created names when displayed outside of the List editor. LabelOff LabelOn †-g WINDOW format settings; turns off or - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 301
Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference 295 LinReg(ax+b) [XList,YList,freq,Yn] -vCALC real numbers. Mansimp †. Selects the Mansimp Simplification mode setting. Requires user to simplify fractional results manually using the B key. {4.5,4.6,6,7.5}ÜL2 b {4.5 4.6 6 7.5} @List(L2) b {.1 1.4 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 302
296 Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference Manual-Fit [Yn] -vCALC Allows you to fit manually a line to plotted data. The regression scatter plot and graph using ZStat: Return to the Home screen and select Manual-Fit. Select beginning and ending points of line by moving the cursor and then - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 303
Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference 297 median(list[,freq]) -vMATH Returns the command; generates a menu of up to seven items during program execution. When you select a menu item, the calculator branches to the label corresponding with that item. min(valueA,valueB) min(list) 1 N U M – - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 304
298 Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference mode(list[,freq]) -vMATH mode({1,2,4,3,1,8})b {1} Returns the mode (element which occurs most frequently) of list. If a second list, freq, is specified, it is interpreted - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 305
Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference 299 conditionA or conditionB -t Logic (boolean) operator; returns 1 if either conditionA or conditionB is true (non-zero). Returns 0 if both conditionA or conditionB are - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 306
300 Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference Scatter Plot Ô xyLine Plot Ó Plotn(Scatter,Xlist,Ylist[,mark]) Plotn(xyLine,Xlist,Ylist[,mark]) The optional mark (›, +, or ¦) specifies the character used to plot - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 307
Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference 301 prgmname ‡8CTRL Programming command; calls prgmname Ymax variable, and then presses b. Yn functions are not valid with Prompt. The calculator adjustsWINDOW variable values according to user’s input. Pt-Change(X,Y) 2POINTS Pt-Change(L6,2) - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 308
302 Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference pxl-Test(row,column) Pxl-On(10,75) b 2POINTS Returns 1 if pixel at (row, column) is on; returns 0 if it pxl-Test(10,75)b - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 309
Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference 303 remainder(dividend,divisor) remainder(list,divisor) remainder(dividend,list) remainder(list,list) 1NUM Returns the remainder resulting from the division of two positive - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 310
304 Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference Select(XList,YList) -vOPS Selects one or more specific data points from a Scatter or xyLine stat plot, and updates the lists in memory as - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 311
Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference 305 SetMenu("title","item1",variable1[,"item2", it up to display lists in the specified order, starting with column 1. If no lists are specified, the calculator sets up L1-L6 in order and includes one blank list to the right of L6. {1,2,3,4}ÜL1 b {1 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 312
306 Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference sinL1(value) -uTRIG Returns the arcsine of a order) and categorical lists alphabetically. {"E","A","Z"}ÜL2 b When using dependent lists, dependlist, the calculator {"E" "A" " Z"} sorts indpndtlist first, and then sorts all dependlists SortA (L2) - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 313
Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference 307 Stop ‡8CTL Programming command; ends program execution and returns to Home screen. PROGRAM:STOP :Input "T=",T :If T‚20 :Then :Disp "T‚20" :Pause :Else :Stop - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 314
text (functions, variables, or text instructions) on the Graph screen when a graph is displayed. 0 row 57, and 0 column 94. If text is surrounded by quotation marks, the text characters are displayed. If the quotation marks are omitted, the TIN73 calculates and displays the result (up to - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 315
Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference 309 2-Var Stats [XList,YList,freq] -vCALC Analyzes and returns data for two lists, XList and YList, with two measured variables, X, the independent variable, - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 316
310 Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference ZBox (ZOOM Displays a graph, lets you (interactively) draw a box that defines a new viewing WINDOW, and then updates the WINDOW. Define Y =Xsin(X). Set the following - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 317
Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference 311 ZInteger (ZOOM Lets you select a new center point, 1. Zoom In (ZOOM Lets you select a new center point, if desired, and then magnifies the part of the graph that surrounds the cursor location. Define Y =X and graph using ZStandard. Select Zoom In. - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 318
312 Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference Zoom Out (ZOOM Displays a greater portion of the graph, centered on the cursor location. Move the cursor keys, and press b to select new center - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 319
(MEMORY Replots the graph using the WINDOW variable values of the graph that was displayed before you executed the last ZOOM instruction. ZQuadrant1 (ZOOM Replots the graph using WINDOW variable values for Quadrant I (Xmin=0, Xmax=9.4, Xscl=1, Ymin=0, Ymax=9.4, Yscl=1). Define Y =X using ZStandard - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 320
314 Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference Or, press - £ b. Select ZSquare. Return to the Home screen. Circle(0,0,7) b ZStandard (ZOOM Define Y =X Select ZStandard. Replots the functions immediately, setting the WINDOW variables to - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 321
Function and Instruction Reference 315 angle r -uANGLE Specifies an angle as radians, regardless of the current Angle mode setting. In Radian mode: 50H b 50 504DMS b 2864¡47'20.312" In Degree mode: 50H b 2864.788976 50H 4DMS b 2864¡47'20.312" x x‡value 1MATH 4 N‡256 b 4 Calculates the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 322
316 Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference › + ¦ See Plot1: xyLine, Scatter, and Modified Box Plot: mark PersonIcon (Î) TreeIcon (Ç) DollarIcon (È) FaceIcon (É) PieIcon (Ï) DiamondIcon (Ë) StarIcon (Ì) See Plot1: Pictograph: typeIcons value-1 In b/c mode: -ƒ Returns - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 323
multiplication. } -t Signifies the end of a list. ) E Designates a 1st priority calculation, implies multiplication, or completes functions and instructions. ‡(16) b 4 {1,4,8}ÜL1 b 4¦L1 b {1 4 8} {4 16 32} {2,4,8}à{2,2,2} b M456N123 b {1 2 4} M579 In Autosimp mode: 2 3 ¦ 3 4 b 1 2 In - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 324
318 Appendix A: Function and Instruction Reference " -t -uANGLE Surrounds categorical list elements and list on the Home screen. p -„ Represents the value for the constant, p, in calculations. The calculator uses p=3.1415926535898. ? -| Displays a question mark, which acts like a text character - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 325
B Reference Information The TIN73 Menu Map 320 The VARS Menu 329 Equation Operating System (EOS 330 In Case of Difficulty 331 Correcting an Error 332 Error Messages 332 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 326
320 Appendix B: Reference Information The TIN73 Menu Map The TIN73 menu map begins at the top-left corner of the keyboard and follows the keyboard layout from left to right. Default values and settings are shown. & Plot1 Plot2 Plot3 çY1= çY2= çY3= çY4= - e STAT PLOTS 1:Plot1...Off Ô L1 L2 › 2: - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 327
Appendix B: Reference Information 321 - f TABLE SETUP TblStart=0 @Tbl=1 Indpnt:Auto Ask Depend:Auto Ask - f (in Program editor) TABLE SETUP Indpnt:Auto Ask Depend:Auto Ask ( ZOOM 1:ZBox MEMORY 2:Zoom In 1:ZPrevious 2:SetFactors... 3:Zoom Out 4:ZQuadrant1 ZOOM FACTORS 5:ZSquare 6: - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 328
3:L3 4:L4 5:L5 6:L6 7:name1 8:name2 ... 1:SortA( 2:SortD( 3:ClrList 4:dim( 5:@List( 6:Select( 7:seq( 8:augment( 9:¨ 1:min( 2:max( 3:mean( 4:median( 5:mode( 6:stdDev( 7:sum( 1:1-Var Stats 2:2-Var Stats 3:Manual-Fit 4:Med-Med 5:LinReg(ax+b) 6:QuadReg 7:ExpReg - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 329
Appendix B: Reference Information 323 8 EXEC 1:name1 2:name2 EDIT 1:name1 2:name2 NEW 1:Create New ... ... 8 (in Program editor CTL 1:If 2:Then I/O 1:Input 2:Prompt EXEC 1:name1 2:name2 3:Else 3:Disp ... 4:For( 4:DispGraph 5:While 5:DispTable 6:Repeat 6:Output( 7:End 7: - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 330
324 Appendix B: Reference Information - | CATALOG A§b/c 4Abàc/dàe abs( ... sin( sinL1( SingleConst SortA( ... p ? 9 APPLICATIONS 1:Link 2:CBLàCBR SEND RECEIVE 1:GAUGE 1:All+... 1:Receive 2:DATA LOGGER 2:AllN... 3:CBR 3:Prgm... 4:QUIT 4:List... 5:Pic... 6:Real... 7:Y-Vars... - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 331
Appendix B: Reference Information 325 - } VARS 1:Window... 2:Y-Vars... 3:Statistics... 4:Picture... 5:Table... 6:Factor - } 1:Window WINDOW 1:Xmin 2:Xmax 3:Xscl 4:Ymin 5:Ymax 6:Yscl 7:Xres 8:@X 9:@Y 0:XFact A:YFact - } 2:Y-Vars FUNCTION 1:Y 1 2:Y2 3:Y3 4:Y4 5:FnOn 6:FnOff - } 3:Statistics XY - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 332
326 Appendix B: Reference Information - } 4:Picture 1:Pic1 (Empty) 2:Pic2 (Empty) 3:Pic3 (Empty) - } 5:Table TABLE 1:TblStart 2:@Tbl - , CONVERSIONS 1:Length... 2:Area... 3:Volume... 4:Time... 5:Temp... 6:MassàWeight... 7:Speed... - , 1:Length LENGTH 1:mm 2:cm 3:m 4:inch 5:ft 6:yard 7:km 8:mile - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 333
Appendix B: Reference Information 327 - † Set Constant: Single Multiple C1= C2= C3= C4= - † (in Program editor) SET CONSTANTS 1:SetConst( 2:SingleConst 3:MultiConst - Ÿ MEMORY 1:About 2:Check RAM... 3:Check APPs... 4:Delete... 5:Clear Home 6:ClrAllLists 7:Reset... - Ÿ 2:Check RAM MEM FREE 25002 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 334
328 Appendix B: Reference Information - , 4:Delete DELETE FROM... 1:All... 2:Real... 3:List... 4:Y-Vars... 5:Consts... 6:Prgm... 7:Pic... 8:Apps... 9:AppVars... - , 7:Reset RESET 1:All RAM 2:Defaults RESET RAM RESET DEFAULTS 1:No 2:Reset 1:No 2:Reset Resetting RAM erases all - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 335
menu items, except 6:Factor, display secondary menus. For specific information about the individual menu items, see their respective chapter in this manual. When you select a variable from a menu, it is inserted at the cursor location. -} 1:Window 2:Y-Vars 3:Statistics 4:Picture 5:Table 6:Factor - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 336
are entered and evaluated on the TIN73. Within a priority level, EOS evaluates functions from left to right and in the following order. 1 Calculations within parentheses. 2 Single-argument functions that precede the argument, such as ‡(, sin(, or log(. Multi-argument functions, such as min(2,3), are - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 337
delete some items from memory (See Chapter 13: Memory Management). The busy indicator A calculation, graph, or program has been ( © ) is displayed in the paused; the C: BatteryàService and Warranty Information for information on how to contact Customer Support to discuss the problem or to obtain - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 338
table contains each error type, possible causes, and suggestions for correction. The TIN73 detects errors while performing the following tasks: • Evaluating an expression • Executing an instruction • Plotting a graph or stat plot • Storing a value - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 339
Bound>Right Bound. In the Equation Solver, you entered lower‚upper. BREAK You pressed the ^ key to break execution of a program, to halt a DRAW instruction, or to stop evaluation of an expression. DATA TYPE You entered a value or variable that is the wrong data type. • For a function (including - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 340
vertical line. DOMAIN You specified an argument to a function or instruction outside the valid range, such as using a negative frequency in box to perform a backup from a TI-83 to a TIN73. You attempted to transfer data (other than L1-L6) from a TIN73 to a TI-83 without using the Lists to - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 341
iterations. Examine a graph of the function. If the equation has a solution, change the bounds, the initial guess, or both. LABEL The label in the Goto instruction is not defined with a Lbl - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 342
memory (Chapter 13: Memory Management) before executing the instruction or function. Recursive problems return this error; for example, graphing the equation You attempted to enter, or you have calculated, a number that is beyond the range of the calculator. This error is not returned during graphing - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 343
defined). Examine a graph of the function. If the equation has a solution, change the bounds or the initial guess or both. You attempted a stat calculation with lists that are not appropriate. • Statistical analyses must have at least two data points. • Med-Med must have at least three data points - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 344
338 Appendix B: Reference Information Error Type WINDOW RANGE ZOOM Possible Causes and Suggested Remedies A problem exists with the WINDOW variables. • You defined XmaxXmin or YmaxYmin. • WINDOW variables are too small or too large to graph correctly. You may - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 345
339 When to Replace Batteries 339 Effects of Replacing the Batteries 340 Replacing the Batteries 341 Battery Precautions 341 Texas Instruments (TI) Support and Service 342 Australia & New Zealand Customers only 343 All Other Customers 344 Battery Information The TIN73 uses four AAA alkaline - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 346
340 Appendix C: Service and Warranty Information Battery Information The TIN73 uses four AAA level, the TIN73 displays the following message when you turn on the unit. Generally, the calculator continues to operate for one week after the low-battery message is first displayed. After this period - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 347
Appendix C: Service and Warranty Information 341 Replacing the Batteries 1. Turn off the calculator. Replace the slide cover over the keyboard to avoid inadvertently turning on the calculator. Turn the back of the calculator toward you. 2. Hold the calculator upright, push downward on the latch on - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 348
TI) Support and Service For General Information Home Page: education.ti.com KnowledgeBase and E-mail Inquiries: education.ti.com/support Phone: 1.800.TI.CARES (1.800.842. 2737) For U.S., Canada, Mexico, Puerto Rico, and Virgin Islands only International Information: education.ti.com/support - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 349
your defective product will be either repaired or replaced with a reconditioned model of an equivalent quality (at TI's option) when the product is returned, postage prepaid, to Texas Instruments Service Facility. The warranty of the repaired or replacement unit will continue for the warranty of the - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 350
product has been damaged by accident or unreasonable use, neglect, improper service, or other causes not arising out of defects in materials or or replaced with a new or reconditioned model of an equivalent quality (at TI's option) when the product is returned to the original point of purchase. The - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 351
345 Index Index ! (factorial), 52 " (seconds), 216 ¡ (degrees), 216 ¨ (list signifier), 101 ‚ (relational operator), 32 x (statistical result variable), 136 @List(, 97 #SAMPLES DATA LOGGER, 270 @Tbl definition, 153 storing to, 161 @X, 171, 179 Gx, 136 Gx2, 136 Gxy, 136 Gy, 136 Gy2, 136 ' (minutes), - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 352
172 CoordOn, 172 copying lists, 103 programs, 249 correlation coefficient (r), 136 ExpReg, 146 LinReg(ax+b), 142 QuadReg, 144 cos( (cosine), 210 counter, constant, 73 Create New (program), 224 CTL (8) Menu, 227 cube, 37 cube root, 38 cursors, display Entry, 10 Full, 10 Insert, 10 Second, 10 -D- data - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 353
-D- (continued) defaults, resetting, 282 degrees DMS, 216 trig, 211 Delete (Memory Menu), 278 DelVar, 240 denominator, 58 Depend (tables) Ask, 156 Auto, 155, 156, 157 definition, 153 DependAsk, 161 DependAuto, 161 dependent list formula, 83 deleting, 91 dependent numerical lists, 83 dependent - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 354
list, 83 attaching, 83 deleting, 91 fPart (fractional part), 46 fractions converting mixed to simple, 65 converting to numbers, 58 negating, 59 results in calculations, 59 simple, 58 simplification factor, 62 ($), 62 simplifying automatically, 61 simplifying manually, 62 whole number, 58 F-RAM - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 355
153 IndpntAsk, 161 IndpntAuto, 161 Input, 242 instructions, 12 integer division, 28 integer part (iPart), 46 interquartile range, 124 INTRVL screen, 189 from Home screen, 190 linear equation, 138 link TI Connect, 255 TI-GRAPH LINK, 255 to a calculator, 254 to CBLàCBR, 255 LINK SEND menu, 254 LinReg( - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 356
(DMS), 218 ¨TCMT, 269 ¨TEMP DATA LOGGER, 272 GAUGE, 269 -L- (continued) ¨VCMT, 269 ¨VOLT DATA LOGGER, 272 GAUGE, 269 -M- Mansimp mode setting, 62 Manual-Fit, 138 Mark, 112 Modified Box plot, 124 Scatter plot, 114 MassàWeight (units), 69 MATH (- v) menu, 34 Statistics, 128 math operations, basic, 27 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 357
-M- (continued) minutes conversions, 69 DMS, 218 minX, 136 minY, 136 mixed numbers, 58 converting to fractions, 65 mode settings 0123456789, 24 A§b/c, 60 Autosimp, 61 b/c, 60 definition, 22 Degree, 211 Float, 24 list element display, 81 Mansimp, 62 Multiple (constants), 75 Normal, 23 Radian, 211 Sci - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 358
352 Index -P- (continued) Programming Commands (continued) DelVar, 240 Disp, 244 DispGraph, 245 DispTable, 245 DS>(, 235 editing, 248 End, 233 entering, 226 For(, 231 Get(, 247 GetCalc(, 247 getKey, 246 Goto, 234 GraphStyle(, 240 If, 229 If–Then, 229 If–Then–Else, 230 Input, 242 inserting, 249 IS>(, - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 359
-R- (continued) RAM memory, 254 back up, 261, 263 resetting, 281 rand (random number), 49 randInt( (random integer), 50 RANGER program, 265, 273 Rcl (Recall), 21 with programs, 250 Real (SEND), 256 RealTme DATA LOGGER, 271 RecallPic, 208 Receive (LINK), 257 RECEIVE (9) menu, 257 reciprocal, 29 RegEQ - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 360
( from Graph screen, 197 from Home screen, 198 text, entering, 7 TI Connect, 254 TI-GRAPH LINK, 254 Time (units), 69 tracing a graph, 178 controlling increments, 179 transmission errors (LINK), 260 TRANSMIT (9) screen, 258 trig calculations, 212 trig functions, 210 Angle mode, 211 graphing, 214 TRIG - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 361
Home screen, 192 Volt probe, 265 Volume (units), 69 -W- web site, TI, 262 WeightàMass (units), 69 While, 232 window format, 171 WINDOW values 98 -Y- Y= editor, 167 exiting, 169 selecting functions, 168 y=abx, 146 y=ax+b, 142 Manual-Fit, 138 Med-Med, 140 y=ax2+bx+c, 144 Y1, 167 y1 (summary point), 136 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 362
356 Index -Z-(continued) ZoomStat, 114, 313 ZPrevious, 185 ZQuadrantI, 313 ZSquare, 313 ZStandard, 184, 314 ZTrig, 314 - Texas Instruments TI-73VSC | Guidebook - Page 363
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 |
 |
ti
TI-73
Explorer™
Graphing Calculator Guidebook
In this guidebook, TI-73 refers to both the TI-73 and
TI-73 Explorer. All functions, instructions, and examples in
this guidebook work identically for both the TI-73 and the
TI-73 Explorer.
Macintosh is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.
© 1998, 2001–2003 Texas Instruments Incorporated