Texas Instruments TI-92 Owners Manual
Texas Instruments TI-92 - Plus Graphing Calculator Manual
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- Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 1
TI-89 TI-92 Plus Guidebook for Advanced Mathematics Software Version 2.0 © 1999-2002 Texas Instruments - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 2
, or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the purchase or use of these materials, and the sole and exclusive liability of Texas Instruments, regardless of the form of action, shall not exceed the purchase price of this calculator. Moreover, Texas Instruments shall not be liable - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 3
TI-89 Shortcut Keys General ¥O List of Flash applications 2a Toggle between last two chosen applications or split screens ¥ |, ¥ « Lighten or darken contrast ¥ ¸ Calculate ¥b Copy graph coordinates to sysdata ¥e ! (factorial) ¥Í Display FORMATS dialog box ¥1 - ¥9 Run programs kbdprgm1( - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 4
contrast Calculate approximate answer Turn off unit so that it returns to current application the next time you turn it on Run programs kbdprgm1() through kbdprgm9() On-screen Keyboard Map ( ¥ ") Press N to exit the map. See the table below for shortcuts that are not marked on the TI-92 Plus - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 5
instruction. Chapter 1: Getting Started Chapter 2: Operating the Calculator Flash Applications x Keystroke Differences xii What's New xiv Getting the TI.89 Ready to Use 2 Getting the TI.92 Plus Ready to Use 3 Setting the Contrast and Selecting a Language 4 Performing Computations 8 Graphing - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 6
for Displayed Results 87 Creating Your Own User-Defined Units 88 List of Pre-Defined Constants and Units 89 Chapter Graph Format 114 Graphing the Selected Functions 115 Displaying Coordinates with the Free-Moving Cursor 116 Tracing a Function 117 Using Zooms to Explore a Graph 119 Using - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 7
Using Web Plots 147 Using Custom Plots 150 Using a Sequence to Generate a Table 151 Chapter 10: 3D Graphing Preview of 3D Graphing 154 Overview of Steps in Graphing 3D Equations 156 Differences in 3D and Function Graphing ( ) Function 196 Troubleshooting with the Fields Graph Format 197 v - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 8
Overview of Steps in Statistical Analysis 258 Performing a Statistical Calculation 259 Statistical Calculation Types 261 Statistical Variables 263 Defining a Statistical Plot 264 Statistical Plot Types 266 Using the Y= Editor with Stat Plots 268 Graphing and Tracing a Defined Stat Plot 269 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 9
to Control Program Flow 295 Using Loops to Repeat a Group of Commands 297 Configuring the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus 300 Getting Input from the User and Displaying Output 301 Creating a Custom Menu 303 Creating a Table or Graph 305 Drawing on the Graph Screen 307 Accessing Another TI.89 / TI.92 Plus - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 10
, and Folders 367 Transmitting Variables under Program Control 371 Upgrading Product Software (Base Code 373 Collecting and Transmitting ID Lists 378 Compatibility between a TI.89, TI.92 Plus, and TI.92 380 Analyzing the Pole-Corner Problem 384 Deriving the Quadratic Formula 386 Exploring - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 11
Appendix B: Reference Information Appendix C: Service and Warranty Information Appendix D: Programmer's Guide TI-89 / TI-92 Plus Error Messages 542 Modes...550 TI-89 / TI-92 Plus Character Codes 555 TI.89 Key Codes 556 TI.92 Plus Key Codes 559 Entering Complex Numbers 563 Accuracy Information - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 12
to and from your computer using TI Connect, refer to the TI Connect online help. To install an application: 1. Insert the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus Applications CD-ROM into the computer's CD-ROM drive. 2. From the computer, start the TI-GRAPH LINK software. 3. From the Link menu, click Send Flash - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 13
and from your computer using TI Connect, refer to the TI Connect online help. To back up an application to the computer: 1. On the calculator, press: TI-89: " TI-92 Plus: ¹ " 2. From the computer, start the TI-GRAPH LINK software 3. From the Link menu, click Receive Flash Software 4. Select one or - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 14
Keystroke Differences There are certain differences in keystrokes using the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus for various operations. The following table shows the keystrokes for major commands for the two calculators. FUNCTION LETTERS One lowercase letter (a-s, u, v, w) One lowercase letter (t, x, y, z) Several - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 15
) Comment (Circle-C) New Open Save copy as Format dialog box ³ TI-89 2 2 È 2 v 2 1 j › TI-92 Plus 2 Ž 2 Ï 2 Í 2 È 2 v 2 ' 2 > 2 V Space bar ¥ b ¥ c j or ¥ c 2 ¿ 5 2¿5 6 2 ¿ 5 2¿5 6 2 ¿ 5 2 ¿ 5 2 ¿ 3 2¿5 6 2 ¿ 3 ¥ p (times e ¥d ¦ ƒ 3 ƒ 1 ƒ 2 ¥ Í ¥ D ¥ G or ¥G ¤ ¥ " ¥ H 2 A a, e, i, o, u 2C - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 16
memory shared with calculator software applications. You can download Advanced Mathematics Software Version 2.0 to your computer from the TI web site at education.ti.com, then transfer it to your TI-89 / TI-92 Plus using the TI™ Connect or TI GRAPH LINK™ software and a TI-GRAPH LINK cable. The - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 17
an Internet-connected computer, TI™ Connect or TI-GRAPH LINK™ software, and a TI-GRAPH LINK cable. You can also transfer the product software (operating system) and Flash applications from one TI-89 / TI-92 Plus to another using a unit-to-unit cable, provided that the receiving calculator is also - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 18
and graphing functions of the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus. After setting up your TI-89 / TI-92 Plus and completing these examples, please read Chapter 2: Operating the Calculator. You then will be prepared to advance to the detailed information provided in the remaining chapters in this guidebook. Chapter - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 19
TI-92 Plus. Installing the AAA Batteries Important: When replacing batteries in the future, ensure that the TI-89 is turned off by pressing 2 ®. To install the four AAA batteries: 1. Place the TI-89 face down on a soft cloth to prevent scratching the display face. 2. On the back of the calculator - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 20
the TI-92 Plus Ready to Use The TI-92 Plus comes with four AA batteries. This chapter describes how to install these batteries. It also describes how to turn the unit on for the first time, set the display contrast, select a language, and view the Home screen for both the TI-92 Plus and the TI-89 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 21
) to darken the display. You will see a screen that lists several languages. The list of languages on your calculator may vary from this example. Languages on the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus Languages other than English are available as Flash applications. English is part of the product software (base code - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 22
your calculator may vary from this example.) Note: Until you complete the localization process, the Select a Language dialog box will reappear when you turn the unit on. 2. Press ¸ to set the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus into the selected language. (Pressing N halts the localization process and displays the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 23
menus for selecting operations applicable to the Home screen. To display a toolbar menu, press ƒ, „, etc. Last Entry Your last entry. Entry Line Where you enter expressions or instructions. Status Line Shows the current state of the calculator. Last Answer Result of your last entry. Note that - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 24
print" is ON. Exponents, roots, fractions, etc., are displayed in the same form in which they are traditionally written. Answer to the beginning or end of the entry line. Turning the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus Off When you want to turn the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus off, press 2 ®. (Note: ® is the second function - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 25
of the example's keystrokes. Steps ³ TI.89 Keystrokes › TI.92 Plus Keystrokes Showing Computations 1. Compute sin(p/4) and display the 2 W 2 T result in symbolic and numeric e 4 d ¸ format. ¥¸ W2T e4d¸ ¥¸ To clear the history area of previous calculations, press ƒ and select 8:Clear Home - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 26
Steps ³ TI.89 Keystrokes › TI.92 Plus Keystrokes Expanding Expressions 1. Expand the expression (xì 5)3. You can enter "expand" on the entry line by Á2bXd Á2bXd ¸ ¸ The status line area shows the required syntax for the marked item in the Catalog menu. Display Chapter 1: Getting Started 9 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 27
. TI.89: Í TI.92 Plus: 2 Í „1 „1 XZ2|2X|6 XZ2|2X|6 Á2bXd Á2bXd ÍX 2ÍX 2Ã0 2Ã0 ¸ ¸ Finding the Derivative of Functions 1. Find the derivative of (xì y)3/(x+y)2 with respect to x. This example illustrates using the calculus differentiation function and how the function is displayed in - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 28
the minimum coordinates to the Home screen. Explore the graphing capabilities of the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus by graphing the function y=(|x2ì 3|ì 10)/2. Steps 1. Display the Y= Editor. ³ TI.89 Keystrokes › TI.92 Plus Keystrokes ¥# ¥# Display entry line 2. Enter the function (abs(x2ì 3)ì 10 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 29
between the lower and upper bounds. ¸ ¸ Display 9. Transfer the result to the Home screen, and then display the Home screen. Shortcuts for copying graph coordinates to Home screen history: TI.89: ¥ · TI.92 Plus: ¥ H ¥· " ¥H ¥" minimum point minimum coordinates 12 Chapter 1: Getting Started - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 30
in the Display 53 Finding the Software Version and ID Number 55 This chapter gives a general overview of the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus and describes its basic operations. By becoming familiar with the information in this chapter, you can use the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus to solve problems more effectively - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 31
TI-89 / TI-92 Plus will be exactly as you left it. ¦ The display, cursor, and any error conditions are exactly as you left them. ¦ All settings and memory contents are retained. APD does not occur if a calculation or program is in progress, unless the program is paused. Batteries The TI-89 uses - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 32
contrast ¥ and | Increase (darken) the contrast ¥ and « TI-89 contrast keys VAR-LINK O TI-92 Plus contrast keys VAR-LINK CHAR U CHAR When to Replace Batteries Tip: The display may be very dark after you change batteries. Use ¥ | to lighten the display. If you press and hold ¥ | or ¥ « too - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 33
determine how numbers and graphs are interpreted, calculated, and displayed (page 40). Adjust the contrast by pressing ¥ | (lighten) or ¥ « (darken). ¸ evaluates an expression, executes an instruction, selects a menu item, etc. Moving the Cursor You can use ¥ ¸ to display an approximate numerical - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 34
application. TI-92 Plus Application Shortcut Keys Used with the ¥ key to let you select commonly used applications. HOME Y= WINDOW GRAPH TblSet TABLE QWERTY Keyboard Enters text characters just as you would on a typewriter. Calculator Keypad Performs a variety of math and scientific operations - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 35
pad to manipulate geometric (TI-92 Plus only) objects. , is also used for drawing on a graph. Examples of 2 and ¥ Modifiers The N key is one of several keys that can perform three operations, depending on whether you first press 2 or ¥. The following TI-89 example shows using the 2 or ¥ modifier - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 36
differ between the TI-89 and the TI-92 Plus. See the Keystroke Differences table in the front of this guidebook for a complete list. Key Description ¥ # Displays the Y= Editor (Chapter 6). ¥ $ Displays the Window Editor (Chapter 6). ¥ % Displays the Graph screen (Chapter 6). ¥ & Sets - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 37
used in symbolic calculations (Chapter 3). TI.92 Plus: 2 Í 2 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 38
the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus Note: On the TI-89, you do not need j or alpha-lock to type x, y, z, or t. But you must use ¤ or uppercase ALPHA-lock for X, Y, Z, or T. Note: On the TI-89, turns off upper- lock. and lowercase lock) 2 ¢ (turns off uppercase lock) Chapter 2: Operating the Calculator 21 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 39
the TI-89, type the character, alphalock remains on. Automatic AlphaLock in TI-89 Dialog Boxes Note: To type a number, press j to on the TI-89. Automatic alpha-lock is turned on whenever a dialog box is first displayed. The , and Table Setup. For Special Characters Use the 2 ¿ menu to select from - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 40
the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus. History Area The history area shows up to eight previous entry/answer pairs (depending on the complexity and height of the displayed expressions). When the display is filled, information scrolls off the top of the screen. You can use the history area to: ¦ Review previous - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 41
and select 9:Format, or press TI.89: ¥ Í TI.92 Plus: ¥ F. Then press B, use C or D to highlight the new number, and press ¸ twice. Press ƒ and select 8:Clear Home, or enter ClrHome on the entry line. Move the cursor to either the entry or answer. Press 0 or M. 24 Chapter 2: Operating the Calculator - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 42
numbers for your calculations. You can also enter numbers in scientific notation. Entering a Negative Number Important: Use | for subtraction and use · for negation. 1. Press the negation key ·. (Do not use the subtraction key |.) 2. Type the number. To see how the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus evaluates - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 43
by executing the appropriate instruction. Expressions are calculated and results are displayed according to the mode settings described on page 29. Definitions Note: Appendix A describes all of the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus built-in functions and instructions. Note: This guidebook uses the word command as - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 44
keyboard. (On the TI-89, use j and 2 ™ to type letters.) You can use any mixture of uppercase or lowercase letters. For example, type sin( or Sin(. Calculate 3.76 ÷ (ë 7.9 + ‡5) + 2 log 45. Type the function name in this example. On the TI.89: On the TI.92 Plus: Display 3.76e c·7.9 «2] 3.76e - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 45
which lets you use the last answer as the beginning of another expression. Any other key Erases the entry line and begins a new entry. Example Stopping a Calculation Calculate 3.76 ÷ (ë 7.9 + ‡5). Then add 2 log 45 to the result. On the TI.89: On the TI.92 Plus: Display 3.76ec·7.9« 2]5dd - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 46
be calculated and displayed in any of several formats. This section describes the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus modes and their settings that affect the display formats. be introduced by intermediate results in chained calculations. By default, Exact/Approx = AUTO. You can use 3 to select from three settings. - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 47
TI-89 / TI-92 Plus and displayed according to current mode settings. Symbolic forms, where possible, are evaluated numerically. Because undefined variables cannot be evaluated, they are treated algebraically. For example, if the variable r is undefined, prñ = 3.14159⋅rñ. AUTO - Uses the Calculator - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 48
formats. Internally, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus calculates and retains all decimal results with up to 14 significant digits (although a maximum of 12 are displayed). Note: Regardless of the Display Digits setting, the full value is used for internal floating-point calculations to ensure maximum - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 49
. Removing the Highlight from the Previous Entry After you press ¸ to evaluate an expression, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus leaves that expression on the entry line and highlights it. To edit the expression, you must cursor, and the second clears the entry line. 32 Chapter 2: Operating the Calculator - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 50
TI-89 / TI-92 Plus has both an insert and an overtype mode. By default, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus is in the insert mode. To toggle between the insert and overtype modes, press 2 /. If the TI.89 / TI.92 Plus ¤ and press B B B B. Type the new characters. Press 0. Chapter 2: Operating the Calculator 33 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 51
Menus To leave the keyboard uncluttered, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus uses menus to access many operations. This section gives an overview of how to select an item from any menu. Specific menus are described in the appropriate chapters of this guidebook. Displaying a Menu Selecting an Item from a Menu - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 52
of limited screen size, the TI-89 overlaps these menus as: If you select a menu item ending with ú, a submenu is displayed. You then select an item from the submenu. For example, List displays a submenu that lets you select a specific List function. ï indicates that you can use the cursor pad to - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 53
menu moves to the first menu, and vice versa. When using B, be sure that an item with a submenu is not highlighted. If so, B displays that item's submenu instead of moving to the next toolbar menu function in Step 3 automatically typed round( on the entry line. 36 Chapter 2: Operating the Calculator - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 54
normal toolbar menu. 2. Display the Clean Up toolbar menu, and select 3:Restore custom default. TI.89: 2 ˆ TI.92 Plus: ˆ This pastes the commands used to create the default menu into the entry line. 3. Press ¸ to execute the commands and restore the default. Chapter 2: Operating the Calculator 37 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 55
Selecting an Application The TI-89 / TI-92 Plus has different applications that let you solve and explore a variety of problems. You can select an application from a menu, or you can access commonly used applications directly from the keyboard. From the APPLICATIONS Menu Note: To cancel the menu - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 56
same as pressing ¥ and then ƒ. This guidebook uses the notation ¥ #, similar to the notation used in second functions. Application: Home Y= Editor Press: TI.89: " TI.92 Plus: ¹ " ¥ # Window Editor ¥ $ Graph ¥ % Table Setup ¥ & Table Screen ¥ ' TI-89 Applications listed above ƒ, „ etc., are - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 57
graphs are displayed and interpreted. Mode settings are retained by the Constant Memoryé feature when the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus is turned off. All numbers, including elements of matrices and lists, are displayed . Use D or C (with ƒ, „, or ...) to scroll through the list. 2. Press B or A to display a - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 58
screen to display independent sets of graphs. If Number of Graphs = 2, selects the type of graph in the Split 2 part of the screen. Refer to Chapter 12. Proportional sizes of the two parts of a split screen: 1:1, 1:2, or 2:1. (TI-92 Plus only) Calculates expressions and displays results in numeric - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 59
your own user-defined units. Lets you select custom defaults. The mode is dimmed until you select Unit System, 3:CUSTOM. Lets you localize the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus into one of several languages, depending on which language Flash applications are installed. 42 Chapter 2: Operating the Calculator - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 60
Using the Clean Up Menu to Start a New Problem On the Home screen, the Clean Up toolbar menu lets you start a new calculation from a cleared state without resetting the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus's memory. Clean Up Toolbar Menu From the Home screen, display the Clean Up menu by pressing: TI.89: 2 ˆ TI.92 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 61
in, which displays an alphabetic list of all pre-installed TI-89 / TI-92 Plus commands (functions and instructions). Defaults to „ Built-in. ...and † allow access to Flash application functions and User-Defined functions and programs. ƒ Help is reserved for a future online help Flash application - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 62
if no Flash applications are installed in the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus.) ¦ The list is alphabetized by function name. The left column lists functions. The right column lists the Flash application that contains the function. ¦ Information about a function is displayed in the status line. ¦ To exit without - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 63
for instructions on how to create and run a program. When you select a function or program, its name is inserted in the entry line at the cursor location. Therefore, you should position the cursor as necessary before selecting the function or program. 1. Press: TI.89: ½ TI.92 Plus: 2 ½ 2. Press - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 64
as a name that is preassigned by the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus. Preassigned names include: − Built-in functions (such as abs) and instructions (such as LineVert). Refer to Appendix A. − System variables (such as xmin and xmax, which are used to store graph-related values). Refer to Appendix B for a list - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 65
TI-89 users should use j as necessary when typing variable names. 1. Enter the value you want to store, which can be an expression. 2. Press §. The store symbol (! ) is displayed is used as a symbolic variable. Using a Variable in an Expression Tip: To view a list of existing variable names, use 2 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 66
reenter to increment the variable and calculate the square. Tip: Reexecuting an entry "as is" is useful for iterative calculations that involve variables. On the TI.89: 0§ 2™NUM ¸ On the TI.92 Plus: 0§ NUM ¸ NUMj«1§ 2™NUM 2ËNUMZ2 ¸ NUM«1§ NUM 2ËNUMZ2 ¸ ¸¸ ¸¸ Display Chapter 2: Operating the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 67
You can edit and reexecute using 7.95 and continue until the answer is as accurate as you want. On the TI.89: On the TI.92 Plus: 8§jR2Ë 8§R2Ë 2ãpäjRZ2 2TRZ2 ¸ ¸ ¥¸ ¥¸ Display Note: When the entry line is edited or cleared, 2 ² recalls this entry. 50 Chapter 2: Operating the Calculator - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 68
the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus stores the answer to the variable ans(1). To insert this variable in the entry line, press 2 ±. For example, calculate the e 2 ± ¸ Variable ans(1) is inserted, and its value is used in the calculation. Just as ans(1) always contains the last answer, ans(2), ans(3), etc - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 69
. For answers: Pasting lets you: Insert the displayed value of any previous answer into the entry line the last answer only. Each time you enter a calculation, ans(1) is updated to the latest answer. Auto- for one line (indicated by ú at the end of the line), use B and A or 2 B and 2 A. 1. On the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 70
is displayed at the bottom of all application screens. It shows information about the current state of the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus, including several important mode settings. Status Line Indicators Current Folder Modifier Key Angle Mode Exact/Approx Mode Graph Number (G#1 on the TI-92 Plus) Graph - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 71
are calculated and displayed. Refer to page 29. To change the Exact/Approx mode, use the 3 key. AUTO Auto EXACT Exact APPROX Approximate Graph Number If the screen is split to show two independent graphs, this indicates which graph is active - GR1 or GR2. (Displays G#1 or G#2 on the TI-92 Plus - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 72
Plus, you may need to provide your current software version and/or the ID number of your unit. ¦ If you have difficulties with your TI-89 / TI-92 Plus and need to contact technical support, knowing the software version may make it easier to diagnose the problem. Chapter 2: Operating the Calculator - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 73
56 Chapter 2: Operating the Calculator - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 74
You Get an Out-of-Memory Error 79 Special Constants Used in Symbolic Manipulation 80 This chapter is an overview of the fundamentals of using symbolic manipulation to perform algebraic or calculus operations. You can easily perform symbolic calculations from the Home screen. Chapter 3: Symbolic - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 75
³ TI.89 Keystrokes 1. Display the TI.92 Plus Keystrokes ¥" MM „1 2X|3YÁ4 bXd¸ „1 ·X«7YÁ ·12bYd 3. Use the "with" operator to substitute the expression for x that was calculated from the first equation. This gives the value of y. Í C¸ ¸ The "with" operator is displayed as | on the screen. Use - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 76
Are Treated Tip: When defining a variable, it's a good practice to use more than one character in the name. Leave one-character names undefined for symbolic calculations. When you enter an expression that contains a variable, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus treats the variable in one of two ways. ¦ If the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 77
By using the "with" operator ( | ), you can: ¦ Temporarily override a variable's defined value. Note: For more information about the | operator, refer to page 67. ¦ Temporarily define a value for an undefined variable. To type the "with" operator ( | ), press: TI.89: Í TI.92 Plus: 2 Í 60 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 78
directly affect the precision and accuracy with which the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus calculates a result. This section describes these mode settings as they relate to symbolic manipulation. EXACT Setting When Exact/Approx = EXACT, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus uses exact rational arithmetic with up to 614 digits - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 79
TI-89 / TI-92 Plus use symbolic computations, approximate results are similar to familiar, traditional numeric calculators . Disadvantages Results with undefined variables or functions often exhibit incomplete cancellation. For example, a coefficient that should be 0 might be displayed - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 80
TI-89 / TI-92 Plus uses exact rational arithmetic wherever all of the operands are rational numbers. Otherwise, floating-point arithmetic is used not leap over barriers such as undefined variables or between elements of lists or matrices. For example: (1/2 - 1/3) x + (0.5 − 1/3) y transforms to - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 81
and press ¸, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus automatically simplifies the expression on page 66. Default simplification does not modify variables that use path names to indicate a folder. For example, x+class\x − If the function is a built-in or user-defined function, the function definition is applied to - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 82
¦ Identities involving zeros and ones are exploited. This floating-point number causes numeric results to be shown as floating-point. If a floating-point whole number is entered as an exponent, it is treated as an integer (and does not produce a floating-point result). ¦ Polynomial greatest - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 83
to the lowest level at which it remains a variable (even if it could be further simplified to a non-variable value). 2. The function is performed using the variable. 3. If var can be further simplified, that value is then substituted into the result. For example: x cannot be simplified. Note: The - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 84
TI.89: Í TI.92 Plus: 2 Í For every occurrence of a specified variable, you can substitute a numeric value or an expression. First derivative of xìò at x = 5 To substitute for multiple variables at the same time, use By replacing a commonly used (or long) term, you can display results in a more - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 85
enter a substitution that causes an infinite recursion: − An error message is displayed. − When you press N, an error is shown in the history area not match the order in which you entered them. Tip: Use the solve function to help determine the singlevariable substitution. − As a general rule, you - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 86
With a constraint, the expression can be simplified. Using Substitutions vs. Defining a Variable In many cases, you calculation and does not accidentally affect later calculations. Substituting x=1 does not affect the next calculation. Caution: After x is defined, it can affect all calculations - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 87
Format mode setting. Displays answers with "and" and "or" connecting solutions. (For Displays in a list. Evaluates an expression using floating-point arithmetic, where possible. This is equivalent to using 3 to set Exact/Approx = APPROXIMATE (or using ¥ ¸ to evaluate an expression). Calculates - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 88
the submenu: Extract These are the same as solve, factor, and zeros; but they also compute complex results. Displays the submenu: Note: The left and right functions are also used to return a specified number of elements or characters from the left or right side of a list or character string - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 89
not require a special function. Adding or Dividing Polynomials You can add or divide polynomials directly, without using a special function. Factoring and Expanding Polynomials Use the factor ( „ 2) and expand ( „ 3) functions. factor(expression [,var]) for factoring with respect to a variable - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 90
as | 2 Ù subtracts 2x from both sides. Use the solve ( „ 1) function to solve an equation for a specified variable. solve(equation, var) Solve x + y ì 5 = 2x ì 5y for x. Notice that solve displays only the final result. To see intermediate results, you can manually solve the equation step-by-step - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 91
common denominators that collect similar powers of this variable Note: You can use comDenom with an expression, list, or matrix. Find a proper fraction for operations. In this example: If you do this example on your TI-89 / TI-92 Plus, the propFrac function scrolls off the top of the screen. ¦ - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 92
Menu You can use the ... Calc toolbar menu to select commonly used calculus functions. The Calc Menu From the Home screen, press ... to display: Note: For a specified variable. Calculates an integral as a floating-point number using quadrature (an approximation using weighted sums of integrand - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 93
Finding a Limit Note: You can find a limit for an expression, list, or matrix. Use the ‰ integrate ( ... 2) and d differentiate ( ... 1) functions. ‰ (expression, function named y1(x). Then graph sin(x) and the Taylor polynomial. Graph sin(x):Graph y1(x) 76 Chapter 3: Symbolic Manipulation - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 94
Manipulation You can use a user-defined function as an argument for the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus's built-in algebra and calculus functions. For Information about Creating a User-Defined Function Refer to: ¦ "Creating and Evaluating User-Defined Functions" in Chapter 5. ¦ "Graphing a Function Defined on - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 95
Multi-Statement vs. Single-Statement Functions Multi-statement user-defined functions should be used as an argument for text and then use TI-GRAPH LINK to send it to the TI-89 / TI 92-Plus. See Chapter 18 for more information. ¦ If you were to create a multi-statement user-defined function with - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 96
calculation, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus may run out of memory before a result can be calculated. Freeing Up Memory ¦ Delete unneeded variables and/or Flash applications, particularly large-sized ones. − Use few digits, this uses more memory.) Simplifying Problems ¦ Split the problem into parts. − - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 97
Used in Symbolic Manipulation true, false @n1 ... @n255 For @, press: TI.89: ¥ § TI.92 Plus: 2 R ˆ, e For ˆ, press: TI.89: ¥ * TI.92 Plus: 2 * For e, press: TI.89: ¥ s TI.92 Plus: 2 s undef The result of a calculation integer consecutive numbering restarts at @n0. Use Clean Up 2:NewProb to reset to - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 98
Default Units for Displayed Results 87 Creating Your Own User-Defined Units 88 List of Pre-Defined Constants and Units 89 The UNITS want to use. By using the unit features, you can: ¦ Enter a unit for values in an expression, such as 6_m ù 4_m or 23_m/_s ù 10_s. The result is displayed in the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 99
from newtons to kilograms of force. Steps ³ TI-89 Keystrokes › TI-92 Plus Keystrokes 1. Display the MODE dialog box, 3 ... B 1 p20 2 MS2 ¸ 4. Using the same m, calculate the force for an acceleration due to gravity (the constant _g). For _g, you can use the pre-defined constant available from - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 100
the same general procedure to select a constant. From the Home screen: 1. Type the value or expression. 6.3 2. Display the UNITS dialog box. Press: TI.89: 2 À TI.92 Plus: ¥ 9 Tip: Use 2 D and 2 C to scroll one page at a time through the categories. Note: If you created a userdefined unit for - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 101
Tip: Create a user-defined unit (page 88) for frequently used combinations. You may need problems. For example: Tip: If you have any doubt about how a value and its units will be evaluated, group them within parentheses ( ). To calculate: 100_m 2_s Enter: 100_m/(2_s) _m 50.ø _s You must use - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 102
, including any user-defined units (page 88). For All Units Except Temperature Note: For a list of predefined units, see page 89. Tip: From the UNITS dialog box, you can select available units from a menu. If you use a unit in a calculation, it is converted and displayed automatically in the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 103
from seconds to hours: 27_m/_s^2 41/_hr^2 For Temperature Values For Temperature Ranges For @, press: TI.89: ¥ c ¤ [D] TI.92 Plus: 2 G ¤ D To convert a temperature value, you must use tmpCnv() instead of the 4 operator. tmpCnv(expression_¡tempUnit1, _¡tempUnit2) For ¡, press 2 ". For example, to - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 104
is _m, any length result is displayed in meters (even if you entered _km or _ft in the calculation). If You're Using the SI or ENG/US System The of the MODE screen) use builtin default units, which you cannot change. To find the default units for these systems, refer to page 89. If Unit System=SI - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 105
¦ You want to calculate how many times someone blinks. You can use _blinks as a valid unit must be an underscore. For _, press: TI.89: ¥ TI.92 Plus: 2 ¦ Second character can be any User-defined units are displayed in lowercase characters, regardless of the case you use to define them. Note: User - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 106
(ENG/US). In some categories, both systems use the same default. For a description of the NONE default, refer to page 87. Notice that some categories do not have default units. Constants Note: The TI-89 / TI-92 Plus simplifies unit expressions and displays results according to your default units - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 107
Volume Time Velocity Acceleration Temperature Luminous Intensity Amount of Substance Mass Force Energy Power _cup........ cup _floz........ fluid ounce _flozUK .. British fluid ounce _gal ......... gallon _galUK.... British gallon _l liter _day ........ day _hr........... hour _min........ minute - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 108
Pressure _atm........ atmosphere _bar......... bar _inH2O ... inches of water _inHg ...... inches of mercury _mmH2O.. millimeters of water Viscosity, Kinematic _St........... stokes _mmHg...millimeters of mecury _Pa ..........pascal (SI) _psi .........pounds per square inch (ENG/US) _torr........ - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 109
92 Chapter 4: Constants and Measurement Units - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 110
, Copying, and Pasting Information 95 Creating and Evaluating User-Defined Functions 97 Using Folders to Store Independent Sets of Variables 100 If an Entry or Answer Is "Too Big 103 To help you get started using the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus as quickly as possible, Chapter 2 described the basic - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 111
Description Automatically set as Text and cannot be changed. Shows the folder in which the text variable will be stored. To use a different folder, press B to display a menu of existing folders. Then select a folder. Type a valid, unused variable name. 3. Press ¸ (after typing in an input box such - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 112
or copy information within the same application or between different applications. These operations use the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus's clipboard, which is an area in memory that serves as a temporary storage location. Auto-paste vs. Cut/Copy/Paste Auto-paste, described in Chapter 2, is a quick way to - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 113
Paste, or use the key shortcut: TI.89: ¥ 7 TI.92 Plus: ¥ V Example: Copying and Pasting Tip: You can also reuse an expression by creating a user-defined function. application. a. Press ¥ # to display the Y= Editor. b. Press ¸ to define y1(x). c. Press: TI.89: ¥ 7 TI.92 Plus: ¥ V to paste. d. Press - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 114
) multiple times. User-defined functions can also extend your TI-89 / TI-92 Plus's capabilities beyond the programs, use unique names for arguments that will not be used in the arguments for a subsequent function or program call. In the argument list, be sure to use the same arguments that are used - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 115
user-defined function whose definition consists of multiple statements. The definition can include many of the control and decision-making structures (If, ElseIf, Return, etc.) used in programming definition of a multi-statement function, it may be helpful to visualize it first in a block form. Func - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 116
VAR-LINK screen. You may need to use the „ View toolbar menu to specify the Function variable type. (Refer to Chapter 21.) - or - Press: TI.89: ½ † TI.92 Plus: 2 ½ † Display a list of Flash application functions Press: TI.89: ½ ... TI.92 Plus: 2 ½ ... Display the definition of a user-defined - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 117
Using Folders to Store Independent Sets of Variables The TI-89 / TI-92 Plus has one built-in folder named MAIN, and all variables are stored in that folder. By creating additional folders, you can store independent sets of user-defined variables (including user-defined functions). Folders and - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 118
, and press ¸ twice. After you create a new folder from VAR-LINK, that folder is not automatically set as the current folder. Setting the Current any changes, press N. To use the MODE dialog box: 1. Press 3. 2. Highlight the Current Folder setting. 3. Press B to display a menu of existing folders. - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 119
VAR-LINK lets you delete a folder and its variables at the same time. Refer to Chapter 21. 1. Press 2 °. 2. Select the item(s) to delete and press ƒ 1 or 0. (If you use † to select a folder, its variables are selected automatically.) 3. Press ¸ to confirm the deletion. 102 Chapter 5: Additional - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 120
B or 2 B to scroll right. TI.89: Press ¤ D to scroll down. TI.92 Plus: Press , D to scroll down If There Is not Enough Memory A symbol is displayed when the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus does not have enough free memory to display the answer. For example: Note: This example uses the seq function to - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 121
104 Chapter 5: Additional Home Screen Topics - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 122
Coordinates with the Free-Moving Cursor 116 Tracing a Function 117 Using Zooms to Explore a Graph 119 Using Math Tools to Analyze Functions 122 This chapter describes the steps used to display and explore a graph. Before using this chapter, you should be familiar with Chapter 2. Y= Editor - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 123
system. View the circle using the standard viewing window (ZoomStd). Then use ZoomSqr to adjust the viewing window. Steps 1. Display the MODE dialog box. For Graph mode, select FUNCTION. ³ TI-89 Keystrokes › TI-92 Plus Keystrokes 3 B1 ¸ 3 B1 ¸ Display 2. Display the Home screen. Then - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 124
16), press ‡ 5 or use † to deselect them. Define functions on Y= Editor (¥ #). Select (†) which defined functions to graph. Tip: This is optional. For multiple functions, this helps visually distinguish one from another. Set the display style for a function. TI.89: 2 ˆ TI.92 Plus: ˆ Tip: „ Zoom - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 125
, which affects how the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus graphs trigonometric functions. Graph Mode 1. Press 3 to display the MODE dialog box, which shows the current mode settings. 2. Set the Graph mode to FUNCTION. Refer to "Setting Modes" in Chapter 2. Note: For graphs that do not use complex numbers, set - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 126
to the function list. 2. Press D and C to move the cursor to any undefined function. (Use 2 D and 2 C to scroll one page at a time.) 3. Press ¸ or ... to The independent variable in function graphing is x. ¦ The expression can refer to other variables, including matrices, lists, and other functions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 127
the Home Screen or a Program Tip: User-defined functions can have almost any name. However, if you want them to appear in the Y= Editor, use function names y1(x), y2(x), etc. You can also define and evaluate a function from the Home screen or a program. ¦ Use the Define and Graph commands. Refer to - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 128
or deselects a selected function. All functions 1. Press ‡ to display the All toolbar menu. 2. Select the applicable item. From the Home Screen or a Program You can also select or deselect functions from the Home screen or a program. ¦ Use the FnOn and FnOff commands (available from the Home - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 129
a path. A round cursor moves along the leading edge of the graph and does leave a path. Shades the area above the graph. Shades the area below the graph. If You Use Above or Below Shading The TI-89 / TI-92 Plus has four shading patterns, used on a rotating basis. If you set one function as shaded - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 130
graphs, parametric graphs, etc., have their own independent set of Window variables. Displaying Window Variables in the Window Editor Press ¥ $ or O 3 to display from the Screen or a Program Home screen or a program. Refer to "Storing and Recalling Variable Values" in Chapter 2. Chapter 6: - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 131
cursor's coordinates. Function graphs, parametric graphs, etc., have their own independent set of graph formats. Displaying Graph Format Settings Tip: You also can display the GRAPH FORMATS dialog box from the Y= Editor, Window Editor, or Graph screen. Press: TI.89: ¥ Í TI.92 Plus: ¥ F Tip: To turn - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 132
Functions When you are ready to graph the selected functions, display the Graph screen. This screen uses the display style and viewing window that you previously defined. Displaying the Graph Screen Press ¥ % or O 4. The TI-89 / TI-92 Plus automatically graphs the selected functions. Note: If you - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 133
are displayed. Tip: If your screen does not show coordinates, set the graph format so that Coordinates = RECT or POLAR. Press: TI.89: ¥ Í TI.92 Plus: ¥ F y1(x)=xñ The "c" indicates these are cursor coordinates. The values are stored in the xc and yc system variables. Rectangular coordinates use xc - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 134
Press: TI.89: ¥ Í TI.92 Plus: ¥ F Function number being traced. For example: y3(x). Tip: Use QuickCenter, described on the next page, to trace a function that goes above or below the window. Trace coordinates are those of the function, not the pixel. Each displayed y value is calculated from the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 135
to the left or right. There is a slight pause while the new portion of the graph is drawn. Note: Automatic panning does not work if stat plots are displayed or if a function uses a shaded display style. Before automatic pan After automatic pan After an automatic pan, the cursor continues tracing - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 136
: If you select a Zoom tool from the Y=Editor or Window Editor, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus automatically displays the Graph screen. Press „ from the Y= Editor, Window Editor, or Graph screen. Procedures for using ZoomBox, ZoomIn, ZoomOut, ZoomStd, Memory, and SetFactors are given later in this section - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 137
, use 2 Graph screen shows the zoomed area. Zooming In and Out on a Point 1. From the „ Zoom menu, select 2:ZoomIn or 3:ZoomOut. A cursor appears, and the screen prompts for New Center? 2. Move the cursor to the point where you want to zoom in or out, and then press ¸. The TI-89 / TI-92 Plus - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 138
Changing Zoom Factors The Zoom factors define the magnification and reduction used by ZoomIn and ZoomOut. 1. From the „ Zoom menu, select C:SetFactors to display the ZOOM FACTORS dialog box. Zoom factors must be , 1, but From the „ Zoom menu, select 6:ZoomStd. Chapter 6: Basic Function Graphing 121 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 139
Using Math Tools to Analyze Functions On the Graph screen, the ‡ Math toolbar menu has several tools that help you analyze graphed functions. Overview of the Math Menu Press ‡ from the Graph screen. On the Derivatives submenu, only dy/dx is available for function graphing. The other derivatives - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 140
and press ¸. The cursor moves to the solution, and its coordinates are displayed. Finding the Intersection of Two Functions within an Interval 1. From the Graph screen, press ‡ and select 5:Intersection. 2. Select the first function, using D or C as necessary, and press ¸. The cursor moves to the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 141
, and press ¸. The interval is shaded, and its approximate numerical integral is displayed. Finding an Inflection Point within an Interval 1. From the Graph screen, press ‡ and select 8:Inflection. 2. As necessary, use D and C to select the applicable function. 3. Set the lower bound for x. Either - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 142
7. Press ¸. The distance between the two points is displayed, along with the connecting line. Drawing a Tangent Line Tip: To erase a drawn tangent line, press † (ReGraph). 1. From the Graph screen, press ‡ and select A:Tangent. 2. As necessary, use D and C to select the applicable function. 3. Set - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 143
functions. 1. From the Graph screen, press ‡ and select C:Shade. The screen prompts for Above X axis? 2. Select one of the following. To shade the function's area: ¦ Above the x axis, press ¸. ¦ Below the x axis, press: TI.89: j [N] TI.92 Plus: N 3. Set the lower bound for x. Either use A and B to - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 144
Parametric Equations 129 Differences in Parametric and Function Graphing 130 This chapter describes how to graph parametric equations on the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus. Before using this chapter, you should be familiar with Chapter 6: Basic Function Graphing. Parametric equations consist of both an x and - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 145
height of the ball and when does it hit the ground? Steps 1. Display the MODE dialog box. For Graph mode, select PARAMETRIC. ³ TI-89 Keystrokes 3 B2 ¸ › TI-92 Plus Keystrokes 3 B2 ¸ Display 2. Display and clear the Y= Editor. ¥ # Then define the horizontal ƒ8¸ component xt1(t) = v0t cos - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 146
window. Define the viewing window (¥ $). Change the graph format if necessary. ƒ 9 - or - TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F Graph the selected equations (¥ %). Exploring the Graph From the Graph screen, you can: ¦ Display the coordinates of any pixel by using the free-moving cursor, or of a plotted - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 147
cases, this refers to a nonexistent function. So the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus simply returns the function name, not a number. Tip: You can use the Define command from the Home screen (see Appendix A) to define functions and equations for any graphing mode, regardless of the current mode. The Y= Editor - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 148
projectile-motion effects. Window Variables Note: You can use a negative tstep. If so, tmin must be greater than tmax. You can set the style for either the x or y component. For example, if you set the x component to Dot, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus automatically sets the y component to Dot. The Above - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 149
of the screen, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus will not automatically pan the viewing window. However, you can use QuickCenter. ‡ Math Only 1:Value, 6:Derivatives, 9:Distance, A:Tangent, and B:Arc are available for parametric graphs. These tools are based on t values. For example: ¦ 1:Value displays x and - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 150
= xñ + yñ x sign(y)ø p q = ì tan-1 y + 2 θ Note: To find q, use the X TI-89 / TI-92 Plus function angle(x+iy), which automatically performs the calculation shown above. You can view the coordinates of any point in either polar (r,q) or rectangular (x,y) form. Chapter 8: Polar Graphing 133 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 151
the appearance of the rose for other values of A and B. Steps 1. Display the MODE dialog box. For Graph mode, select POLAR. For Angle mode, select RADIAN. ³ TI-89 Keystrokes 3 B3 DDDB1 ¸ › TI-92 Plus Keystrokes 3 B3 DDDB1 ¸ 2. Display and clear the Y= Editor. Then define the polar equation r1 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 152
‡ 5 or use † to deselect them. Define polar equations on Y= Editor (¥ #). Select (†) which defined equations to graph. Tip: This is optional. For multiple equations, this helps visually distinguish one from another. Set the display style for an equation. TI-89: 2 ˆ TI-92 Plus: ˆ Tip: „ Zoom - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 153
graph y(x) functions as described in Chapter 6: Basic Function Graphing. This section describes the differences that apply to polar equations. Setting the Graph Mode Use 3 to set Graph you return to POLAR graphing mode, your r(q) equations are still defined. Selecting the Display Style The Above - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 154
change the standard values for the q variables (qmin, qmax, qstep) to ensure that enough points are plotted. Setting the Graph Format To display coordinates as r and q values, use: ƒ 9 - or - TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F to set Coordinates = POLAR. If Coordinates = RECT, the polar equations will be - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 155
of the screen, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus will not automatically pan the viewing window. However, you can use QuickCenter. ‡ Math Only 1:Value, 6:Derivatives, 9:Distance, A:Tangent, and B:Arc are available for polar graphs. These tools are based on q values. For example: ¦ 1:Value displays an r value - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 156
Using Web Plots 147 Using Custom Plots 150 Using a Sequence to Generate a Table 151 This chapter describes how to graph sequences on the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus. Before using In the following example sequence, you cannot calculate u(5) without first calculating u(1), u(2), u(3), and u(4). The first - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 157
+ 1000) + 1000) . . . + 1000 + 1000 Steps 1. Display the MODE dialog box. For Graph mode, select SEQUENCE. ³ TI-89 Keystrokes › TI-92 Plus Keystrokes 3 B4 ¸ 3 B4 ¸ 2. Display and clear the Y= Editor. Then define the sequence as u1(n) = iPart(.8ù u1(nì 1)+1000). Use iPart to take the integer - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 158
. ƒ 9 - or - TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F Graph the selected sequences (¥ %). Exploring the Graph Tip: You can also evaluate a sequence while tracing. Simply enter the n value directly from the keyboard. From the Graph screen, you can: ¦ Display the coordinates of any pixel by using the free-moving - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 159
list. If a sequence requires an initial value but you do not enter one, you will get an error when graphing. On the Y= Editor, Axes lets you select the axes that are used to graph the sequences. For more detailed information, refer to page 146. Axes TIME WEB CUSTOM Description Plots n on the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 160
axes, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus graphs only the graphed regardless of whether it is selected. Selecting the Display Style Only the Line, Dot, Square, and Thick styles are available for sequence graphs Graph mode setting (just as the Y= Editor maintains independent function lists). Sequence graphs use - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 161
you want to view. You could set: ¦ xmin = first n value to graph ¦ xmax = nmax (although you can use other values) ¦ ymin and ymax = expected values for the sequence plotStrt=1 nmax Changing the Graph Format The Graph Order format is not available. ¦ With TIME or CUSTOM axes, multiple sequences - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 162
As in function graphing, you can explore a graph by using the following tools. Any displayed coordinates are shown in rectangular or polar form as set in the graph format. Tip: During a trace, you can evaluate a sequence by typing a value for n and pressing ¸. Tip: You can use QuickCenter at any - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 163
for the graph. Examples of the different types are given later in this chapter. Displaying the AXES when Axes = WEB, this specifies whether a web is drawn manually (TRACE) or automatically (AUTO). Refer to page 147 for settings, use the same procedure that you use to change other types of dialog boxes - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 164
Using Web Plots A web plot graphs u(n) vs. u(nì graphing. For example, consider the sequence u1(n) = 5ìu1(nì1) and an initial value of ui1=1. The TI-89 / TI-92 Plus draws the y=x reference line and then plots y = 5ì x. Drawing the Web After the sequence is plotted, the web may be displayed manually - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 165
Window variables. nmin=1. nmax=25. plotstrt=1. plotstep=1. xmin=0. ymin=ë 10. xmax=25. ymax=10. xscl=1. yscl=1. 4. Graph the sequence u(n) ( ¥ %). By default, a sequence uses n the Square display style. Tip: During a trace, you can move the cursor to a specified n value by typing the value - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 166
values. u(nì1) y=3.2xì.8xñ Example: Oscillation Note: Compare this graph with the divergence example. This is the same sequence with a later term, the stable oscillation orbit is shown more clearly. y=x 8. Press .... Then use B to trace the web. y=3.2xì.8xñ As you trace to larger values of nc - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 167
Plots CUSTOM axes give you great flexibility in graphing sequences. As shown in the following example, CUSTOM axes are particularly effective for showing relationships between one sequence and another. Example: PredatorPrey Model Using the predator-prey model in biology, determine the numbers - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 168
a Table Previous sections described how to graph a sequence. You can also use a sequence to generate a table. Refer value as tblStart. 4. Display the table ( ¥ ' ). You must enter {1,1}, although {1 1} is shown in the sequence list. This item is dimmed if you are not using TIME axes. 5. Scroll - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 169
152 Chapter 9: Sequence Graphing - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 170
). Note: To switch to IMPLICIT PLOT (via the GRAPH FORMATS dialog box), press: TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F. To switch between normal and expanded views, press p (multiplication key, not the letter X). When you display a 3D graph, the expanded view is used automatically if: ¦ You set or change the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 171
. Animate the graph by using the cursor to interactively change the eye Window variable values that control your viewing angle. Then view the graph in different graph format styles. Steps 1. Display the MODE dialog box. For Graph mode, select 3D. ³ TI-89 Keystrokes › TI-92 Plus Keystrokes 3 B5 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 172
CONTOUR LEVELS (may require extra time to calculate contours) WIRE AND CONTOUR WIRE FRAME Note: You can also display the graph as an implicit plot by using the GRAPH FORMATS dialog box ( ƒ 9 or TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F). If you press TI-89: Í TI-92 Plus: F to switch between styles, the implicit - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 173
cube. Tip: To help you see the orientation of 3D graphs, turn on Axes and Labels. Note: Before displaying the graph, the screen shows the "percent evaluated." Define the viewing cube (¥ $). Change the graph format, if necessary. ƒ 9 - or - TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F Graph the selected equation - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 174
equations are still defined. Selecting the Display Style Because you can graph only one 3D equation at a time, display styles are not available. On the Y= Editor, Style toolbar menu is dimmed. For 3D equations, however, you can use: ƒ9 - or - TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F to set the Style format to - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 175
Description Angles (always in degrees) used to view the graph. Refer to "Rotating and/or . The incremental value along x and y is calculated as: xmax ì xmin x increment = xgrid graphing speed. ncontour z(xmax,ymin) z(xmax,ymax) The number of contours evenly distributed along the displayed - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 176
press ¸. As in function graphing, you can explore a graph by using the following tools. Any displayed coordinates are shown in rectangular or cylindrical form as set in the graph format. In 3D graphing, cylindrical coordinates are shown when you use use: ƒ9 - or - TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F to set - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 177
y axes always have the same orientation relative to the Graph screen. Tip: To show the axes and their labels from the Y= Editor, Window Editor, or Graph screen, use: TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F Simple Example of Moving the Cursor Tip: By displaying and labeling the axes, you can more easily see the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 178
hidden surface. For example, consider a saddle shape z1(x,y) = (xñ ì yñ ) / 3. The following graph shows the view looking down the y axis. Now look at the same shape at 10¡ from the , the cursor is physically displayed at zmin or zmax (although the screen shows the correct trace coordinates). Chapter 10 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 179
determine your line of sight. The eyeψ Window variable lets you rotate the graph around that line of sight. How the Viewing Angle Is Measured Note: type 20, 70, and 0, not 20¡, 70¡, and 0¡. The view on the Graph screen is always oriented along the viewing angle. From this point of view, you can - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 180
From the Home Screen or a Program The eye values are stored in the system variables eyeq, eyef, and eyeψ. You can access or store to these variables as necessary. TI-89: To type f or ψ, press ¥ c j [F] or ¥ c Ú, respectively. You can also press 2 ¿ and use the Greek menu. TI-92 Plus: To type f or - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 181
When using A and B to animate a graph, think of it as moving the viewing angle along its "viewing orbit" around the graph. Moving by pressing: TI-89: ¸ or j TI-92 Plus: ¸ or space bar Tip: During an animation, you can switch to the next graph format style by pressing: TI-89: Í TI-92 Plus: F Tip: - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 182
at any time. Displaying the GRAPH FORMATS Dialog Box From the Y= Editor, Window Editor, or Graph screen, press: ƒ9 - or - TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F ¦ The dialog box shows the current graph format settings. ¦ To exit without making a change, press N. To change any of these settings, use the same - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 183
20, eyef = 55, eyeψ = 0 eyeq = 20, eyef = 120, eyeψ= 0 Note: These examples use artificial shading (which is not displayed on the screen) to show the front of the box. To minimize the effect of optical illusions, use the GRAPH FORMATS dialog box to set Style = HIDDEN SURFACE. 166 Chapter 10: 3D - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 184
the viewing angle, view, or Labels format as it does if you use: TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F In 3D graphing mode, define an equation and graph it as you would any 3D equation, with the following exception. Display the GRAPH FORMATS dialog box by pressing ƒ 9 from the Y= Editor, Window editor, or - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 185
You can set this to 0 through 20. If ncontour=5 and you use the standard viewing window (zmin=ë 10 and zmax=10) , the graph is currently displayed, you can specify a point on the graph and draw a contour for the corresponding z value. 1. To display the Draw menu, press: TI-89: 2 ˆ TI-92 Plus - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 186
to experiment with your 3D equation by using Style=WIRE FRAME. The evaluation time is much shorter. Then, after you're sure you have the correct Window variable values, display the Graph Formats dialog box and set Style=CONTOUR LEVELS or WIRE AND CONTOUR. TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F Chapter 10: 3D - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 187
the complex surface equation as z(x,y)=abs((x+yù i)3+1). 1. Use 3 to set Graph=3D. 2. Press ¥ #, and define the equation: z1(x,y)=abs((x+yù i)^3+1) 3. Press ¥ $, and set the Window variables as shown. 4. Display the Graph Formats dialog box: TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F Turn on the axes, set Style - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 188
IMPLICIT PLOT press: TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F In 3D graphing mode, define an appropriate equation and graph it as you would any 3D equation, with the following exception. Display the GRAPH FORMATS dialog box from the Y= Editor, Window editor, or Graph screen. TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F Then set - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 189
displayed plot shows where the implicit form intersects the xy plane. ¦ You can use the using Style=WIRE FRAME. The evaluation time is much shorter. Then, after you're sure you have the correct Window variable values, set Style=IMPLICIT PLOT. TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F 172 Chapter 10: 3D Graphing - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 190
1. Use 3 to set Graph=3D. 2. Press ¥ #, and define the equation: z1(x,y)=sin(x^4+yì x^3y)ì.1 3. Press ¥ $, and set the Window variables as shown. Note: For more detail, increase the xgrid and ygrid Window variables. However, this increases the graph evaluation time. 4. Press: TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 191
174 Chapter 10: 3D Graphing - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 192
and Euler 193 Example of the deSolve( ) Function 196 Troubleshooting with the Fields Graph Format 197 Note: A differential equation is: • 1st- graph a slope or direction field that helps you visualize the behavior of the entire family of solution curves. For graphing, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus uses - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 193
above. | Y 1 d ¸ Do not use implied multiplication between the variable and parentheses. If you do, it is treated as a function call. Leave the initial condition yi1 blank. ¥# ƒ8¸ ¸.001 Y1pc100 |Y1d¸ Display Important: With y1' selected, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus will graph the y1 solution curve - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 194
conditions as a list: yi1={10,20} 9. Return to the Graph screen. ¥#C ¥#C ¸2[ ¸2[ 10b202\ 10b202\ ¸ ¸ ¥% ¥% Display The initial condition is marked with a circle. 10. To select an initial condition interactively, press: TI-89: 2 Š TI-92 Plus: Š When prompted, enter t=40 and y1=45. 2Š 40 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 195
on Y= Editor (¥ #). Tip: To turn off any stat data plots, press ‡ 5 or use † to deselect them. Refer to Chapter 16. Select (†) which defined equations to graph. Set the display style for an equation. TI-89: 2 ˆ TI-92 Plus: ˆ Note: The Fields format is critical, depending on the order of the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 196
Equations Selecting the Display Style You can use † to select a differential equation, but not its initial condition. Important: Selecting y1' will graph the y1 solution increments) at which a differential equation is plotted. TI-89: 2 ˆ TI-92 Plus: ˆ Chapter 11: Differential Equation Graphing 179 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 197
press: ƒ 9 - or - TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F The formats affected by differential equations are: Graph format Graph Order Solution Method Important: The Fields graph format is critical in successfully graphing differential equations. Refer to "Troubleshooting with the Fields Graph Format" on page - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 198
, Axes may or may not be available, depending on the current graph format. If it is available, you can select the axes that are used to graph the differential equations. For more information, refer to page 190. TI-89: 2 ‰ TI-92 Plus: ‰ Axes TIME CUSTOM Description Plots t on the x axis and y (the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 199
) Note: For information about how the Fields graph format affects whether ncurves is used, refer to page 184. xmin, xmax, Boundaries ymin + ncurvesù (increment) diftol (Solution Method = RK only) Tolerance used by the RK method to help select a step size for solving the equation; must be ,1Eë 14 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 200
TI-89 / TI-92 Plus reuses the picture in fldpic instead of having to redraw the field. This can speed up the regraphing time significantly. fldpic is deleted automatically when you exit the differential equation graphing mode or when you display a graph use: TI-89: 2 Š TI-92 Plus: Š IC from the Graph - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 201
let the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus calculate initial conditions automatically, or select them interactively from the Graph screen. Entering Fields graph format and the Axes setting determine whether ncurves is used. Tip: Without entering initial conditions, use SLPFLD (with ncurves=0) or DIRFLD to display - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 202
. When a differential equation is graphed (regardless of whether a solution curve is displayed), you can select a point on the Graph screen and use it as an initial condition. If Fields = SLPFLD - or - DIRFLD FLDOFF Do this: 1. Press: TI-89: 2 Š TI-92 Plus: Š 2. Specify an initial condition - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 203
' equation is the solution to the nth-order equation. You may want to deselect any other equations in the system. 186 Chapter 11: Differential Equation Graphing - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 204
TI-89: 2 ‰ TI-92 Plus: ‰ and make sure Axes = CUSTOM with y1 and y2 as the axes. 7. In the Window Editor ( ¥ $ ), set the Window variables. t0=0. tmax=10. tstep=.1 tplot=0. xmin=ë 2. xmax=2. xscl=1. ymin=ë 2. ymax=2. yscl=1. ncurves=0. diftol=.001 fldres=14. dtime=0. 8. Display the Graph screen - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 205
Y= Editor, press: TI-89: 2 ‰ TI-92 Plus: ‰ and make sure Axes = TIME. Note: When you enter 2graph mode, Window variables for the right side are set to their defaults. 14. In the Window Editor, change ymin and ymax as shown to the right. 15. Press ¥ % to display the Graph screen for graph #2. ymin - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 206
= FLDOFF. 7. In the Y= Editor, press: TI-89: 2 ‰ TI-92 Plus: ‰ Set Axes = TIME. 8. In the Window Editor ( ¥ $ ), set the Window variables. t0=0. tmax=10. tstep=.1 tplot=0. xmin=ë 1. xmax=10. xscl=1. ymin=ë 3. ymax=3. yscl=1. ncurves=0. diftol=.001 9. Display the Graph screen ( ¥ % ). Chapter 11 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 207
flexibility in graphing differential equations. Custom axes are particularly effective for showing different kinds of relationships. Displaying the AXES Dialog Box From the Y= Editor, press: TI-89: 2 ‰ TI-92 Plus: ‰ If Fields = SLPFLD, Axes is unavailable. TI-89: 2 ‰ TI-92 Plus: ‰ Item Axes - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 208
the trace cursor between the curves for y1 and y2. 1. Use 3 to set Graph = DIFF EQUATIONS. 2. In the Y= Editor (¥ # ), define the differential equations and enter the initial conditions. 3. Press: ƒ 9 - or - TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F Set Axes = ON, Labels = ON, Solution Method = RK, and Fields - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 209
- or - TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F Set Fields = DIRFLD. 9. Press: TI-89: 2 ‰ TI-92 Plus: ‰ Confirm that the axes are set as shown. 10. In the Y= Editor, clear the initial conditions for yi1 and yi2. 11. Return to the Graph screen, which displays only the direction field. Tip: Use a list to specify - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 210
Editor ( ¥ $ ), set the Window variables. 7. In the Home screen TI-89: " TI-92 Plus: ¥ " use BldData to create a data variable containing the RK graphing points. 8. Return to the Y= Editor, press: ƒ 9 - or - TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F Set Solution Method = EULER. t0=0. tmax=100. tstep=1. tplot - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 211
so that you can view the two sets of data side by side. 9. Return to the Home screen, and use BldData to create a data variable containing the Euler graphing points. 10. Use the Data/Matrix Editor ( O 6 3 ) to create a new data variable named errorlog. BldData eulerlog Note: rklog[1] and rklog - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 212
Euler values. 16. In the Window Editor, set the Window variables. 17. Display the Graph screen ( ¥ % ). xmin=ë 10. ymin=ë 10. xres=2. xmax=100. solution (Plot 2) is 85.6527. You can also use the Data/Matrix Editor to open the errorlog data variable and scroll to time = 40. Chapter 11 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 213
the general solution (y) with the constant @1=9/100 to obtain the particular solution shown. For @, type TI-89: ¥ § TI-92 Plus: 2 R You can also use deSolve() to solve this problem directly. Enter: deSolve(y' = 1/1000 yù (100ì y) and y(0)=10,t,y) 196 Chapter 11: Differential Equation Graphing - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 214
help you correct the problem. Many problems may be related to your Fields graph format setting. Setting the Fields Graph Format What Order Equation Are You Graphing? From the Y= Editor, Window Editor, or Graph screen, press: ƒ 9 - or - TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus Editor In the Graph screen Use † to - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 215
page 186. Set Axes = CUSTOM: TI-89: 2 ‰ TI-92 Plus: ‰ If Axes = TIME, an Invalid axes error occurs when you graph. If you enter initial conditions in of equations. For example, y1 vs. y2 is valid, but y1 vs. y1' gives an Invalid axes error. In the Graph screen If the direction field is drawn - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 216
screen If no curve is graphed, set an initial condition as described on page 184. If you did enter initial conditions in the Y= Editor, select ZoomFit: TI-89: „ j A TI-92 Plus: „ A A 1st-order equation may look different with FLDOFF than with SLPFLD. This is because FLDOFF uses the tplot and tmax - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 217
200 Chapter 11: Differential Equation Graphing - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 218
that you can use to create graphs on the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus. This information generally applies to all Graph mode settings. This chapter assumes that you already know the fundamental procedures for defining and selecting functions, setting Window variables, and displaying graphs as described in - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 219
save a picture of the displayed graph. Steps ³ TI-89 Keystrokes › TI-92 Plus Keystrokes 1. Display the MODE dialog box. For Graph mode, select FUNCTION. For Angle mode, select RADIAN. 3 B1 DDD B1 ¸ 3 B1 DDD B1 ¸ Display 2. Display the Home screen. Use the Graph command and the when function - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 220
or vector. Displayed coordinates are stored in a data variable named sysData, which you can open in the Data/Matrix Editor. Tip: Use a split screen to show a graph and the Home screen or Data/Matrix Editor at the same time. Notes about SysData Variable ¦ When you press: TI-89: ¥ b TI-92 Plus - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 221
" independent variable. Graph Mode Native Independent Variable Function x Parametric t Polar q Sequence n 3D x, y Differential Equation t Copying from the Home Screen to the Y= Editor Tip: Instead of using ƒ 5 or ƒ 6 to copy and paste, use: TI-89: ¥ 6 or ¥ 7. TI-92 Plus: ¥ C (copy) or - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 222
from the Home screen's † Other toolbar menu). - or - ¦ Display the Y= Editor. The next time you display the Graph screen, it will use the functions selected on the Y= Editor. Extra Benefits of User-Defined Functions You can define a user-defined function in terms of any independent variable. For - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 223
boundaries and expressions for each piece. The when function is extremely useful for two-piece functions. For three or more pieces, it may be easier to create a multi-statement, user-defined function. Using the When Function Tip: Graph math results may vary. Tip: To enter when, type it or - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 224
, refer to Chapter 17. Tip: Graph math results may vary. A multi-statement, user-defined function can have many of the control and decision-making structures (If, ElseIf, Return, etc.) used in programming. When creating the structure of a function, it may be helpful to visualize it first in a block - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 225
can use the Graph command from the Home screen or a program as described on page 205. graph {2,4,6}sin(x) graph {2,4,6}sin({1,2,3}x) Simultaneous Graphs with Lists Tip: To set graph formats from the Y= Editor, Window Editor, or Graph screen, press: TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F When the graph format - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 226
Using the Two-Graph Mode In two-graph mode, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus's graph-related features are duplicated, giving you two independent graphing calculators. The two-graph mode is only available in split screen mode. For more information about split screens, refer to Chapter 14. Setting the Mode The - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 227
functions and stat plots (indicated by Ÿ) for each side. − If you set a display style for a function, that style is used by both sides. (TI-89: 2 ˆ TI-92 Plus: ˆ) Suppose Graph 1 and Graph 2 are set for function graphing. Although both sides show the same function list, you can select (Ÿ) different - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 228
, they are not. For example: For Graph 1, the Y= Editor lists y(x) functions. For Graph 2, the polar graph uses r(q) equations that are not shown. From the Home After the two-graph mode is set up, graph-related operations refer to Screen or a Program the active graph side. For example: 10!xmax - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 229
of a Function To display the Home screen and put DrawInv in the entry line, press: TI-89: 2 ˆ 3 TI-92 Plus: ˆ 3 Execute DrawInv from the Home screen or a program. You cannot draw an inverse function interactively from the Graph screen. DrawInv expression For example, use the graph of y1(x)=.1xòì2x - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 230
as change the Window variables or deselect a function on the Y= Editor). Drawing a Point or a Freehand Line From the Graph screen: 1. TI-89: 2 ‰ TI-92 Plus: ‰ and select 1:Pencil. 2. Move the cursor to the applicable location. Tip: When drawing a freehand line, you can move the cursor diagonally - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 231
; 2 B, etc. Drawing a Circle Tip: Use 2 to move the cursor in larger increments; 2 B, etc. After erasing, you are still in "eraser" mode. ¦ To continue erasing, move the box cursor to another location. ¦ To quit, press N. From the Graph screen: 1. TI-89: 2 ‰ TI-92 Plus: ‰ and select 3:Line. 2. Move - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 232
is displayed. Drawing a Line Based on a Point and a Slope To draw a line through a specified point with a specified slope, execute the DrawSlp command from the Home screen or a program. Use the syntax: DrawSlp x, y, slope You can also access DrawSlp from the Graph screen. 1. TI-89: 2 ˆ TI-92 Plus - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 233
Typing Text Labels Tip: The text cursor indicates the upper-left corner of the next character you type. From the Graph screen: 1. TI-89: 2 ‰ TI-92 Plus: ‰ and select 7:Text. 2. Move the text cursor to the location where you want to begin typing. 3. Type the text label. After typing the text, you - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 234
Note: You cannot save a portion of a 3D graph. Tip: Use D and C to move the top or bottom, and use B and A to move the sides. You can define a rectangular box that encloses only the portion of the Graph screen that you want to save. 1. TI-89: 2 ‰ TI-92 Plus: ‰ and select 8:Save Picture. A box is - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 235
up calculator memory. To delete a variable, use the VAR-LINK screen ( 2 °) as described in Chapter 21. From a Program or the Home Screen To save (store) and open (recall) a graph picture, use the StoPic, RclPic, AndPic, XorPic, and RplcPic commands as described in Appendix A. To display a series - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 236
a 3D graph, with each view rotated 10¡ further around the Z axis. For information about each command, refer to Appendix A. For information about using the Program Editor, refer to Chapter 17. Comments start with ¦. Press: TI-89: ¥ d TI-92 Plus: 2 X For f, press: TI-89: ¥ c j F TI-92 Plus: ¥ G F For - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 237
Screen (only if you are using the two-graph mode). ¦ All functions in the Y= Editor (¥ #), including display styles and which functions are selected. ¦ Table parameters (¥ &), Window variables (¥ $), and graph formats (ƒ 9 - or - TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥F.) A graph database does not include drawn - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 238
223 Setting Up the Table Parameters 224 Displaying an Automatic Table 226 Building a Manual (Ask) Table 229 Previously, in Chapter 6: Basic Function Graphing, you learned how to define and graph a function. By using a table, you can display a defined function in a tabular form. Y= Editor shows - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 239
1. Display the MODE dialog box. For the Graph mode, select FUNCTION. ³ TI-89 Keystrokes 3 B1 ¸ › TI-92 Plus Keystrokes 3 B1 ¸ 2. Display and ¥' Display 5. Scroll through the table. Notice D and C that y1 changes sign at x = ë 1, 1, as necessary and 2. To scroll one page at a time, use 2 D - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 240
in the table. Tip: You can specify: • An automatic table − Based on initial values. − That matches a graph. • A manual (ask) table. Set up the initial table parameters (¥ &). Display the table (¥ '). Exploring the Table From the Table screen, you can: ¦ Scroll through the table to see values - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 241
same independent variable values that are used to graph the functions on the Graph screen. These values depend on the Window variables set in the Window Editor (Chapter 6) and the split screen size (Chapter 14). Independent AUTO - The TI-89 / TI-92 Plus automatically generates a series of values - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 242
a table's parameters from the Home screen or a program. You can: ¦ Store values directly to the system variables tblStart and @tbl. Refer to "Storing and Recalling Variable Values" in Chapter 2. ¦ Set Graph < - > Table and Independent by using the setTable function. Refer to Appendix A. Chapter 13 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 243
the Graph screen. If Graph < - > Table = OFF, the table is based on the values you entered for tblStart and @tbl. Before You Begin Define and select the applicable functions on the Y= Editor (¥ #). This example uses y1(x) = xò ì x/3. Then enter the initial table parameters (¥ &). Displaying the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 244
symbols (decimal point, minus sign, and "í " for scientific notation) that can be displayed in a cell. All cells in the table have the same width. To change the cell width from the Table screen: 1. Press ƒ 9 - or - TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F. 2. Press B or A to display a menu of valid widths (3 - 12 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 245
of ¸. From a table, you can change a selected function without having to use the Y= Editor. 1. Move the cursor to any cell in the column for Press † to move the cursor to the entry line, where the function is displayed and highlighted. 3. Make any changes, as necessary. ¦ Type the new function. - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 246
the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus lets you build a table manually by entering specific values for the independent variable. Displaying the Table Screen To display the corresponding function values. The cursor returns to the entered cell. You can use D to move to the next row. Note: In this example, you - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 247
Do this: Highlight a cell in the specified row and press: TI-89: 2 ˆ TI-92 Plus: ˆ The new row is undefined (undef) until you enter a Program System variable tblZnput contains a list of all independent variable values entered in the table, even those not currently displayed. tblZnput is also used - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 248
Exiting the Split Screen Mode 233 Selecting the Active Application 235 On the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus, you can split the screen to show two applications at the same time. For example, it may be helpful to show both the Y= Editor and the Graph screen so that you can see the list of functions and how - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 249
Screens Split the screen to show the Y= Editor and the Graph screen. Then explore the behavior of a polynomial as its coefficients change. Steps ³ TI-89 Keystrokes › TI-92 Plus Keystrokes 1. Display the MODE dialog box. For Graph, select FUNCTION. For Split Screen, select LEFT-RIGHT. For Split - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 250
the split screen. Note: In two-graph mode, described in Chapter 12, the same application can be in both parts of a split screen. If you set Split 1 App and Split 2 App to the same application, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus exits the split screen mode and displays the application full screen. You can open - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 251
that indicates the active application, split screens have a smaller displayable area than a full screen. Exiting the Split Screen Mode The TI-89 / TI-92 Plus has commands that use pixel coordinates to draw lines, circles, etc., on the Graph screen. The following charts show how the Split Screen and - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 252
be in both parts of a split screen. Method 1: 1. Use 2 a to switch to the application you want to replace. 2. Use O or ¥ (such as ¹ $) to select the new application. If you select an application that is already displayed, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus switches to that application. Method 2: 1. Press 3 and - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 253
it the active application. Exits the split screen mode and displays a full-sized Home screen. When Using a Top-Bottom Split When you select a TOP-BOTTOM split the active Y= Editor, not the Graph screen. Note: Both Top-Bottom and Left-Right splits use the same methods to select an application. Toolbar - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 254
serves two main purposes. ¦ This chapter describes how to use the Data/Matrix Editor to create and maintain a list, matrix, or data variable. ¦ Chapter 16 describes how to use the Data/Matrix Editor to perform statistical calculations and graph statistical plots. Chapter 15: Data/Matrix Editor 237 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 255
TI-92 Plus Keystrokes O63 B3 DD TEMP ¸¸ 2. Enter a column of numbers. 1¸ Then move the cursor up one 2 ¸ cell (just to see that a 3¸ highlighted cell's value is shown 4 ¸ on the entry line). 5¸ LIST is shown in the upper-left corner 6 ¸ to indicate a list variable. C You can use Display - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 256
elements in the history area. To refer to a specified element in a list, use the format shown to the right. list1[1] Element number (or index number) Name of list variable Data Variable Note: For stat calculations, columns must have the same length. A data variable is essentially a collection of - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 257
Data Variable (Continued) From the Home screen or a program, you can use the NewData command to create a data variable that consists of existing lists. Although you cannot directly display a data variable on the Home screen, you can display a specified column or element. For example: NewData data1 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 258
/Matrix Editor. 2. Select 3:New. 3. Specify the applicable information for the new variable. Note: If you do not type a variable name, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus will display the Home screen. Item Type Folder Variable Row dimension and Col dimension Lets you: Select the type of variable to create - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 259
variable in alphabetic order. If there are no existing variables, nothing is displayed. You can open another variable at any time. 1. From the Data/Matrix take up memory. To delete a variable, use the VAR-LINK screen ( 2 °). For information about VAR-LINK, refer to Chapter 21. 242 Chapter 15: - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 260
is shown below. When the screen is displayed initially, the cursor highlights the cell at row 1, column 1. Tip: Use the title cell at the very top cursor moves. Note: To enter a value from the entry line, you can also use D or C. Variable Type List or data Matrix After ¸, the cursor moves: Down - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 261
cursor moves to the next cell. However, you can move the cursor to any cell and enter a value. If you leave gaps between cells, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus handles the gaps automatically. ¦ In a list variable, a cell in the gap is undefined until you enter a value for the cell. Note: If you enter more - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 262
in any cell. To change the cell width in the Data/Matrix Editor: 1. To display the FORMATS dialog box, press ƒ 9 - or - TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F Cell width is the maximum number of characters that can be displayed in a cell. All cells have the same cell width. 2. With the current Cell Width - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 263
column that contains the highlighted cell. In the Data/Matrix Editor: 1. Move the cursor to any cell in the applicable row or column. 2. TI-89: 2 ˆ TI-92 Plus: ˆ and select 1:Insert. 3. Select either 2:row or 3:column. When you insert a row: ¦ In a list or data variable, the row is undefined - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 264
by a function in the column header. Refer to page 248.) 2. TI-89: 2 ˆ TI-92 Plus: ˆ and select 2:Delete. 3. Select 1:cell. Any cells below the deleted cell are shifted up. If You Need to Add a New "Last" Row, Column, or Cell You do not need to use the Util toolbar menu to: ¦ Add a new row or cell - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 265
edit the old expression. Note: The seq function is described in Appendix A. You can use an expression that: Generates a series of numbers. Note: If you refer to an empty column, you will get an error message (unless Auto-calculate = OFF as described on page 249). Note: For a data variable, header - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 266
use those existing lists as columns in a data variable. From the: Data/Matrix Editor Home screen or a program Do this: In the applicable column, use 2. To turn Auto-calculate off and on from the Data/Matrix Editor: 1. Press ƒ 9 -or- TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F 2. Change Auto-Calculate to OFF or ON. - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 267
below. These descriptions differ slightly from Appendix A. This section describes how to use the functions in the Data/Matrix Editor. Appendix A gives a more general description for the Home screen or a program. Using the Shift Function The shift function copies a base column and shifts it up - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 268
in the "key" column. In this example, move the cursor to the second column (c2) to sort by last name. 2. TI-89: 2 ˆ TI-92 Plus: ˆ and select 4:Sort Col, adjust all. When using this procedure for a data variable: ¦ All columns must have the same length. ¦ None of the columns can be locked (defined - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 269
variable, its contents will be replaced. From the Data/Matrix Editor: 1. Display the variable that you want to copy. 2. Press ƒ and select 2:Save dimmed unless you copy a data column to a list. The column information is not used for other types of copies. 4. Press ¸ (after typing in an input box - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 270
. ¦ As described previously in Chapter 15, the Data/Matrix Editor lets you create and maintain a list, matrix, or data variable. ¦ This chapter describes how to use the Data/Matrix Editor to perform statistical calculations and graph statistical plots. Chapter 16: Statistics and Data Plots 253 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 271
calculations, find and plot equations to fit the data. For each regression equation, predict how many buildings of more than 12 stories you would expect in a city of 300,000 people. Steps 1. Display the MODE dialog box. For Graph mode, select FUNCTION. ³ TI-89 Keystrokes 3 B1 ¸ › TI-92 Plus - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 272
Type = LinReg x = C1 y = C2 Store RegEQ to = y2(x) ‡ B5D D D BD¸ 10. Perform the calculation to display the LinReg regression equation. This equation is stored in y2(x). ¸ › TI-92 Plus Keystrokes ‡ B7D C1D C2D BD¸ ¸ ¸ ‡ B5D D D BD¸ ¸ 11. Close the STAT VARS screen. ¸ The Data/Matrix Editor - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 273
Steps ³ TI-89 Keystrokes 15. Display the Y= Editor. For y1(x), the MedMed regression equation, set the display style to Dot. Note: Depending ¥# 2ˆ2 C The displayed shorthand definition is the same as on the Plot Setup screen. › TI-92 Plus Keystrokes ¥# ˆ2 C 17. Use ZoomData to graph Plot 1 „ 9 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 274
Steps ³ TI-89 Keystrokes › TI-92 Plus Keystrokes 22. Enter a title for column 6. Define B C 2 ™ column 6's header as the RESIDj residuals for LinReg. ¸ †jC2| jC5¸ BC RESID ¸ †C2| C5¸ 23. Display the Plot Setup screen and „ † deselect Plot 1. 24. Highlight Plot 2 and define it as: Plot - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 275
, Window Editor, and Graph screen. Change the graph format if necessary. ƒ 9 - or - TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F Graph the selected stat plots and functions (¥ %). Exploring the Graphed Plots From the Graph screen, you can: ¦ Display the coordinates of any pixel by using the free-moving cursor - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 276
matrix variable. From the Data/Matrix Editor: 1. Press ‡ to display the Calculate dialog box. This example shows all items as active. On your calculator, items are active only if they are valid for the current settings of Calculation Type and Use Freq and Categories. Pathname of the data variable - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 277
close the STAT VARS screen, press ¸. Redisplaying the STAT VARS Screen The Data/Matrix Editor's Stat toolbar menu redisplays the previous calculation results (until they are cleared from memory). TI-89: 2 ‰ TI-92 Plus: ‰ Previous results are cleared when you: ¦ Edit the data points or change the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 278
dimmed, it is not valid for the current Calculation Type. Note: For TwoVar and all regression calculations, the columns that you specify for x and data to the model equation y=abõ (where a is the y-intercept) using a leastsquares fit and transformed values x and ln(y). LinReg Linear regression - - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 279
calculated and stored to variables, but they are not displayed on the STAT VARS screen. PowerReg Power regression - Fits the data to the model equation y=axb using mode setting. From the Home Screen or a Program Use the applicable command for the calculation that you want to perform. The commands - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 280
260. Calculated Variables Statistical variables are stored as system variables. However, regCoef and regeq are treated as a list and a function variable, respectively. To type the character G, press: TI-89: ¥ c ¤ [S] TI-92 Plus: 2 G ¤ S To type the character s, press: TI-89: ¥ c j [S] TI-92 Plus - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 281
. On your calculator, items are active only if they are valid for the current setting of Plot Type and Use Freq and Categories Use Freq and Categories? Description Select the type of plot. For descriptions, refer to page 266. Select the symbol used to plot the data points: Box (›), Cross (x), Plus - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 282
Category, you can use this to limit the calculation to specified category values. For example, if you specify {1,4}, the plot uses only data points remains selected when you: ¦ Change the graph mode. (Stat plots are not graphed in 3D mode.) ¦ Execute a Graph command. ¦ Open a different variable in - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 283
connected in the order in which they appear in x and y. You may want to sort all the columns in the Data/Matrix Editor before plotting. TI-89: 2 ˆ 3 or 2 ˆ 4 TI-92 Plus above the other in the same order as their plot numbers. ¦ Use NewPlot to show statistical data as a modified box plot. ¦ Select - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 284
a bar is counted in the bar to the right. ¦ ZoomData ( „ 9 from the Graph screen, Y= Editor, or Window Editor) adjusts xmin and xmax to include all data points, but it does not adjust the y axis. xmin + Hist. Bucket Width xmin − Use ¥ $ to set ymin = 0 and ymax = the number of data points expected - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 285
: You can not use TI-89: 2 ˆ TI-92 Plus: ˆ to set a plot's display style. However, the plot definition lets you select the mark used for the plot. From You can also use this menu to turn all functions on. To Graph Plots and Y= Functions As necessary, you can select and graph stat plots and y(x) - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 286
or - TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥F from the Y= Editor, Window Editor, or Graph screen. Then change the settings as necessary. Tracing a Stat Plot From the Graph screen, press ... to trace a plot. The movement of the trace cursor depends on the Plot Type. Note: When a stat plot is displayed, the Graph - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 287
of scores listed to the right. 92 92 89 91 95 95 95 Frequency of 2 Frequency of 3 Note: You can also use frequency values from a list variable instead of a column. To use frequency values, specify the frequency column when you perform a statistical calculation or define a stat plot. For - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 288
68 92 84 82 Test scores Category values c2 1 3 2 3 2 1 4 2 4 3 1 Note: You can also use category values from a list variable instead of a column. To use category values, specify the category column and the category values to include in the analysis when you perform a statistical calculation or - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 289
System (CBL 2é/CBL™) and Calculator-Based Rangeré System (CBRé) are optional accessories, available separately, that let you collect data from a variety of real-world experiments. TI-89 / TI-92 Plus CBL 2/CBL and CBR programs are available from the TI web site at: http://www.ti.com/calc/cbl and http - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 290
variables. ¦ From the Home screen or a program, use the NewData command. NewData dataVar, list1 [,list2 linked to the CBL 2/CBL list. You can also use the Calculator-Based Rangeré(CBRé) to explore the mathematical and scientific relationships between distance, velocity, acceleration, and time using - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 291
274 Chapter 16: Statistics and Data Plots - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 292
to Control Program Flow 295 Using Loops to Repeat a Group of Commands 297 Configuring the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus 300 Getting Input from the User and Displaying Output 301 Creating a Custom Menu 303 Creating a Table or Graph 305 Drawing on the Graph Screen 307 Accessing Another TI-89 / TI-92 Plus - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 293
Preview of Programming Write a program that prompts the user to enter an integer, sums all integers from 1 to the entered integer, and displays the result. Steps 1. Start a new program on the Program Editor. ³ TI.89 Keystrokes O73 › TI.92 Plus Keystrokes O73 2. Type PROG1 (with no spaces) as D D - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 294
similar to the Home screen, it is for program input and output only. You cannot perform calculations on the Program I/O screen. 8. Leave the Program I/O screen ‡ and return to the Home screen. You can also press N, 2 K, or TI.89: " TI.92 Plus: ¥" to return to the Home screen. ¸¸ ‡ Output from - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 295
a dialog box, or on the Graph screen. Running a Program Tip: Use 2 ° to list existing PRGM variables. Highlight a variable and press ¸ to paste its name to the entry line. Note: Arguments specify initial values for a program. Refer to page 283. Note: The TI-89 / TI-92 Plus also checks for run-time - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 296
TI-89 / TI-92 Plus automatically displays information on the applicable screen. ¦ Most output and input commands use the Program I/O screen. (Input commands prompt the user to enter information.) ¦ Graph-related commands typically use the Graph screen. After the program stops, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 297
manually before leaving the Program Editor, starting a new program, or opening a previous one. 4. Press ¸ (after typing in an input box such as Variable, you must press ¸ twice) to display an empty "template." This is the template for a program. Functions have a similar template. You can now use - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 298
Press ¸ twice. Note about Deleting a Program Because all Program Editor sessions are saved automatically, you can accumulate quite a few previous programs and functions, which take up memory storage space. To delete programs and functions, use the VAR-LINK screen ( 2 °). For information about VAR - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 299
that is useful to someone reading the program code. Description of the program. Description of expr. :prog1() :Prgm :¦ Displays sum of 1 thru n :Request "Enter an integer",n :expr(n)! n:¦ Convert to numeric expression :------ To enter the comment symbol, press: ¦ TI.89: ¥ d TI.92 Plus: 2 X - or - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 300
as For...EndFor, you can make the programs easier to read and understand by using indentation. :If x>5 Then : Disp "x is > 5" :Else : Disp "x is < or = 5" :EndIf Displaying Calculated Results In a program, calculated results are not displayed unless you use an output command. This is an important - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 301
name, specify the variables that will be used to store the passed values. Notice that the program also contains commands that set up the Graph screen. :circ(x,y,r) :Prgm :FnOff :ZoomStd :ZoomSqr :Circle x,y,r :LineHorz y+r :EndPrgm Only circ( ) is initially displayed on the blank template; be sure - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 302
create functions that expand on the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus's built-in functions. You can then use the new functions the same as any other function. ¦ Functions return values that can be graphed or entered in a table; programs cannot. ¦ You can use a function (but not a program) within an expression. For - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 303
create a new function in the Program Editor, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus displays a blank "template". Note: Use the cursor pad to scroll through only, and it cannot use instructions that prompt the user for input.) How to Return a Value from a Function Note: This example calculates the cube if x,0; - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 304
needs to repeat the same group of commands at several different places. Calling a Separate Program To call a separate program, use the same syntax used to run the program from the Home screen. :subtest1() :Prgm :For i,1,4,1 : subtest2(i,iù 1000) :EndFor :EndPrgm :subtest2(x,y) :Prgm : Disp - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 305
about the state of the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus. For example, Window variables (xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax, etc.) are globally available from any folder. ¦ You can always refer to these variables by using the variable name only, regardless of the current folder. ¦ A program cannot create system variables, but - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 306
and Local commands are available from the Program Editor's † Var toolbar menu. When evaluating a user-defined function or running a program, you can specify an argument that includes the same variable that was used to define the function or create the program. However, to avoid Circular definition - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 307
assigned an initial value before they are referenced. Define fact(n)=Func: Local m: 1!m: While n>1: nùm!m: nì1!n: EndWhile: Return m: EndFunc 1 is stored as the initial value for m. The TI-89 / TI-92 Plus cannot use a local variable to perform symbolic calculations. 290 Chapter 17: Programming - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 308
If you want a function or program to perform symbolic calculations, you must use a global variable instead of a local. However, you must be certain that the global variable does not already exist outside of the program. The following methods can help. ¦ Refer to a global variable name, typically - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 309
type a string directly, or you can store a string to a variable. How Strings Are Used A string is a sequence of characters enclosed in "quotes". In programming, strings allow the program to display information or prompt the user to perform some action. For example: Disp "The result is",answer - or - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 310
for syntax for all TI-89 / TI-92 Plus commands and functions. the opposite of the string command. Important: Some user input commands store the entered value as a string. character string based on the format template (fixed, scientific, engineering, etc.) Searches a string to see if Programming 293 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 311
a program can decide which of two actions to perform. Conditional tests are used with from the menu. - or - ¦ Display the built-in functions. Press: TI.89: ½ TI.92 Plus: 2 ½ The test operators are listed can be numbers, expressions, lists, or matrices (but they must match in type and dimension - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 312
program. „ Control Toolbar Menu To enter If...EndIf structures, use the Program Editor's „ Control toolbar menu. If Command Tip: Use indentation to make your programs a conditional test is true, use the general form: Executed only if x>5; otherwise, skipped. Always displays the value of x. :If - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 313
and a different group if the condition is false, use this structure: Executed only if x>5. Executed only if x5. Displays value of: • 2x if x>5. • 5x if program prompts the user for a number that corresponds to one of four options. To test for each option (If Choice=1, If Choice = 2, etc.), use - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 314
gives you a different way to exit the loop, based on a conditional test. „ Control Toolbar Menu To enter most of the loop-related commands, use the Program Editor's „ Control toolbar menu. Note: A loop command marks the start of the loop. The corresponding End command marks the end of the loop - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 315
the user to enter the values.) ¦ The loop must contain commands that change the values in the condition, eventually causing it to be false. Otherwise, the condition is always true and the program cannot exit the loop (called an infinite loop). For example: Initially sets x. Displays 0, 1, 2, 3, and - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 316
repeated endlessly. The Loop command does not have any arguments. :Loop EndLoop :-------- Typically, the loop contains commands that let the program exit from the loop. Commonly used commands are: If, Exit, Goto, and Lbl (label). For example: An If command checks the condition. Exits the loop and - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 317
Current Folder mode. To set this mode, use the setFold command. In the Program Editor: 1. Position the cursor where you want to insert the setMode command. 2. Press: TI.89: 2 ˆ TI.92 Plus: ˆ to display a list of modes. 3. Select a mode to display a menu of its valid settings. 4. Select a setting - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 318
in advance), a program can prompt the user to enter information while the program is running. Likewise, a program can display information such as the result of a calculation. ... I/O Toolbar Menu To enter most of the commonly used input/output commands, use the Program Editor's ... I/O toolbar - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 319
Output Commands Note: In a program, simply performing a calculation does not display the result. You must use an output command. Command ClrZO Disp DispG DispHome DispTbl Output Format Tip: After Disp and Output, the program immediately continues. You may want to add a Pause command. Pause Text - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 320
any available function, instruction, or set of characters. The TI-89 / TI-92 Plus has a default custom menu that you can modify or redefine. Turning the Custom Menu On and Off When you create a custom menu, you can let the user turn it on and off manually, or you can let a program turn it on and - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 321
menu. Then run the program for the menu you need. Restoring the Default Custom Menu To restore the default: 1. From the Home screen's normal menu (not the custom menu), select Clean Up: TI.89: 2 ˆ TI.92 Plus: ˆ 2. Select 3:Restore custom default. This pastes the commands used to create the default - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 322
functions. Graphs one or more specified expressions, using the current graphing mode. Displays the Graph screen and lets the user update the graph formats (Coordinates, Graph Order, etc.). Sets the Graph mode, as well as other modes. Sets the display style for a function. Lets a program trace a graph - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 323
a stored graph picture. Stores the current graph settings to a graph database variable. Copies the Graph screen (or a specified rectangular portion) to a graph picture variable. Displays the Graph screen and superimposes a stored graph picture by using XOR logic. 306 Chapter 17: Programming - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 324
use either of two coordinate systems to specify a location on the screen. ¦ Pixel coordinates - Refer to the pixels that physically make up the screen. These are independent of the viewing window because the screen is always: TI.89: 159 (0 to 158) pixels wide and 77 (0 to 76) pixels tall. TI.92 Plus - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 325
a specified expression. Draws the inverse of a specified expression. Draws a parametric equation using specified expressions as its x and y components. Draws a specified polar expression. Draws contours in 3D graphing mode. Draws two expressions and shades the areas where expression1 < expression2 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 326
the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus can access the CBL 2/CBL or CBR. ... I/O Toolbar Menu Use the Program Editor's ... I/O toolbar menu to enter the commands in this section. 1. Press ... and select 8:Link. 2. Select a command. Accessing Another TI.89 / TI.92 Plus When two TI-89 / TI-92 Plus calculators are - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 327
Techniques The first step in debugging your program is to run it. The TI-89 / TI-92 Plus automatically checks each executed command for syntax errors. If there is an error, a message indicates the nature of the error. ¦ To display the program in the Program Editor, press ¸. The cursor appears in - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 328
Example 2 Tip: For , type ¥ µ (zero). For &, press: TI.89: ¥ p (times) TI.92 Plus: 2 H This example uses InputStr for input, a While...EndWhile loop to calculate the result, and Text to display the result. Prompts for input on Program I/O screen. Converts string entered with InputStr to an - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 329
as a number, you do not need to use expr to convert n. This example uses the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus built-in functions to calculate the result without using a loop. Prompts for input on Program I/O screen. Calculates sum. Displays output on Program I/O screen. :prog5() :Prgm :Input "Enter an integer - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 330
the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus. Check the Texas Instruments web site for up-to-date information. After downloading a program from the web to your computer, use a TI-GRAPH LINKé computer-to-calculator cable to send the program to your TI-89 / TI-92 Plus. Refer to the manual that comes with the TI-GRAPH LINK - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 331
an assembly-language program is beyond the scope of this book. However, if you have a working knowledge of assembly language, please check the Texas Instruments web site (education.ti.com) for specific information about how to access TI-89 / TI-92 Plus features. The TI-89 / TI-92 Plus also includes - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 332
that you use to edit information on the Home screen. Each time you start a new text session, you must specify the name of a text variable. After you begin a session, any text that you type is stored automatically in the associated text variable. You do not need to save a session manually before - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 333
may enter. Steps 1. Start a new session on the Text Editor. ³ TI.89 Keystrokes O83 › TI.92 Plus Keystrokes O83 Display 2. Create a text variable called TEST, which will automatically store any text you enter in the new session. D TEST ¸¸ Use the MAIN folder, shown as the default on the NEW - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 334
text session, resume the current session (the session that was displayed the last time you used the Text Editor), or open a previous session. Starting a saved automatically as you type. You do not need to save a session manually before leaving the Text Editor, starting a new session, or opening a - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 335
Editor and go to another application at any time. To return to the session that was displayed when you left the Text Editor, press O 8 and select 1:Current. To leave the up memory storage space. To delete a session, use the VAR-LINK screen ( 2 ° ) to delete that session's text variable. For - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 336
session. Tip: If you have a TI-GRAPH LINK™ cable, you can use a computer keyboard to type lengthy text and then send it to the calculator. Refer to page 322. All Turn on uppercase ALPHA-lock. Turn off alphalock. On the TI.89, press: On the TI.92 Plus, press: j and then the letter key the letter - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 337
Typing Alphabetic Characters (continued) On the TI-89, while either type of alpha-lock is on: ¦ To type a period, comma, or other character that is the primary function of a key, you must turn - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 338
, and Pasting Text Tip: You can press: TI.89: ¥ 5, ¥ 6, ¥ 7 TI.92 Plus: ¥X, ¥C, ¥V to cut, copy, and paste without having to use the ƒ toolbar menu. Cutting and copying both place highlighted text into the clipboard of the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus. Cutting deletes the text from its current location - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 339
TI™ Connect or TI-GRAPH LINK software for use with the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus, check the TI web site at: education.ti.com or contact Texas Instruments as described in Appendix C. For complete instructions on how to create a text file on a computer and send it to your calculator, refer to the manual - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 340
2. Use the TI-GRAPH LINKé software to send the file from the computer to the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus. a. Use the TI-GRAPH LINK cable to connect the computer and the calculator. b. Be sure the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus is on the Home screen. c. In the software, select Send from the Link menu. Select the text - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 341
other calculator features. The keyboard map does not display all available shortcuts. Refer to the inside front and the inside back covers of this guidebook for a complete list of shortcut keys. On the TI.89: Press ¥ ^ to display the keyboard map. Press N to exit the map. On the TI.92 Plus: Press - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 342
you left it. HOMEDATA (¥ ·) - Copies the current graph coordinates to the Home screen's history area. Typing Special Symbols from the Keyboard Note: To help you find the applicable keys, these maps show only the special symbols. On the TI.89: On the TI.92 Plus: Press ¥ and then the key for the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 343
: Neither calculator displays a map of Greek letters. The maps shown here are for reference only. Press the key combination that accesses the Greek character set on your calculator. Then select the applicable alpha character on the keyboard to enter a Greek letter. On the TI.89: On the TI.92 Plus - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 344
For example: On the TI.89: 1. Press ¥ c to access the Greek character set. 2. Press ¥ c j + letter to access lowercase Greek letters. Example: ¥ c j [W] displays ω 3. Press ¥ c ¤ + letter to access uppercase Greek letters. Example: ¥ c ¤ [W] displays Ω On the TI.92 Plus: 1. Press 2 G to access the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 345
Command Tip: To examine the result on the Home screen, use a split screen or press: TI.89: " TI.92 Plus: ¥ " To execute a command, you must first mark the line on the Home screen and executed. The Home screen is displayed temporarily during execution, and then the Text Editor is redisplayed. After - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 346
also use 3 to set up a split screen manually. displays the Graph screen in place of the Home screen. 3. Move the cursor to the first command line. Then press † to execute the command. 4. Continue using † to execute each command, but stop just before executing the Graph command. 5. Execute the Graph - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 347
TI-GRAPH LINKé cable, an optional accessory that lets the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus communicate with a personal computer, you can create lab reports. Use the Text Editor to write a report, which can include print objects. Then use the TI-GRAPH LINK software can manually "Î " is displayed at the beginning - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 348
General Steps 1. Connect the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus to your computer via the TI-GRAPH LINK cable. 2. Use the TI-GRAPH LINK software to get the lab report from the calculator, and then print the report. For Detailed Information Refer to the manual that came with your TI-GRAPH LINK. Example Assume - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 349
332 Chapter 18: Text Editor - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 350
Displaying the Solver and Entering an Equation 335 Defining the Known Variables 337 Solving for the Unknown Variable 339 Graphing the Solution 340 Note: To solve for the unknown variable from the Home screen or a program, use could rearrange the following equation manually to solve for any of - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 351
g=9.8. If you assume that a=1/3 g, find the value of m1. Steps 1. Display the Numeric Solver. ³ TI-89 Keystrokes O9 › TI-92 Plus Keystrokes O9 Display 2. Enter the equation. When you press ¸ or D, the screen lists the variables used in the equation. jAÁc AÁc jM2| M2| jM1dec M1dec jM2« M2 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 352
Displaying the Numeric Solver Entering an Equation To display the Numeric Solver, press O 9. The Numeric Solver screen shows the last entered equation, if any. On the eqn: line, type in your equation. Tips: In your equation: • Do not use have to match the one used to define the function or - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 353
and select 9:Format (or use TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F). Then select a number from 1 through 11. A dialog box displays the most recently entered Saving Equations for Future Use Note: An equation variable has an EXPR data type, as shown on the MEMORY and VAR-LINK screens. Because the number - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 354
then b and c are listed instead of a. ¦ If you refer to a previously defined function, any variables used as arguments in the function call are listed, not the variables used to define the function. If f(a,b) was defined previously as ‡(a^2+b^2) and your equation contains f(x,y), then x and y are - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 355
: You cannot solve for a system variable other than exp. Also, if the equation contains a system variable, you cannot use ... to graph. Note: This error occurs if you use a reserved name incorrectly or refer to an undefined system function as a simple variable without parentheses. ¦ If the equation - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 356
the unknown variable. Finding the Solution Note: To stop (break) a calculation, press ´. The unknown variable shows the value being tested when the break the solver. Put the cursor on the variable you want to solve for. Using the solution and your entered values, the left and right sides of the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 357
different mode settings, you will need to reselect those settings manually. When you use the Numeric Solver to display a graph: ¦ The following modes are changed automatically to these settings: Mode Graph Split Screen Number of Graphs Setting FUNCTION LEFT-RIGHT 1 Any functions selected in the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 358
, press ..., and then select 2:Clear Graph View. - or - ¦ To display the Home screen, press 2 K twice. Clearing Variables Before Leaving the Numeric Solver Tip: Any time you want to clear single-character variables listed in the solver, use: TI-89: 2 ˆ TI-92 Plus: ˆ When you solve an equation - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 359
342 Chapter 19: Numeric Solver - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 360
an integer in a TI-89 / TI-92 Plus calculation, you can enter it in decimal, binary, or hexadecimal form. You can also set the Base mode to specify the form for displaying integer results. Fractional and floating-point results are always displayed in decimal form. Binary numbers use 0 and 1 in the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 361
Calculate 10 binary (base 2) + F hexadecimal (base 16) + 10 decimal (base 10). Then, use the 4 operator to convert an integer from one base to another. Finally, see how changing the Base mode affects the displayed results. Steps ³ TI.89 Keystrokes › TI.92 Plus Keystrokes Display 1. Display - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 362
the entry is treated as a variable. Converting between Number Bases Note: If your entry is not an integer, a Domain error is displayed. Use the 4 conversion operator. integerExpression 4 Bin integerExpression 4 Dec integerExpression 4 Hex For example, to convert 256 from decimal to binary: For - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 363
in hexadecimal or binary form only if the result is an integer. To ensure that division always produces an integer, use intDiv() instead of e. If Base mode = HEX: Press ¥ ¸ to display the result in APPROXIMATE form. When Base=HEX or BIN, an integer result is stored internally as a signed, 32-bit - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 364
are converted to binary automatically for the bitwise operation, and results are displayed according to the Base mode. Boolean Operations Operator with syntax not integer select these operators from the MATH/Base menu. For an example using each operator, refer to Appendix A in this book. integer1 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 365
Bits Note: You can select these functions from the MATH/Base menu. For an example using each function, refer to Appendix A in this book. Function with syntax rotate(integer) Leading zeros are not shown in the result. The result is displayed according to the Base mode. 348 Chapter 20: Number Bases - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 366
, lists, functions, programs, graph figures, etc. The MEMORY screen shows how the memory is currently being used. Note: You can also use VAR-LINK to transfer variables between two linked TI-89s, a TI-92, or a TI-92 Plus. Refer to Chapter 22. The VAR-LINK screen displays a list of defined - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 367
³ TI-89 Keystrokes › TI-92 Plus Keystrokes "M 5§X1 ¸ XZ2«4§ jFcXd ¸ 2[5b10 2\§ jL1¸ 2g30b25 2h§ jM1¸ ¥"M 5§X1 ¸ XZ2«4§ FcXd ¸ 2[5b10 2\§ L1¸ 2g30b25 2h§ M1¸ 2. Suppose you start to perform an 5 p 5p 5ù operation using a function variable but can't remember its name. 3. Display the VAR-LINK - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 368
³ TI-89 Keystrokes 5. Highlight the f function variable, D 2 ˆ and view its contents. Notice that the function was assigned using f(x) but is listed as f on the screen. › TI-92 Plus Keystrokes Dˆ Display 6. Close the Contents window. N 7. With the f variable still highlighted, close VAR-LINK - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 369
. Use VAR-LINK to unarchive the variable. ³ TI-89 Keystrokes 2° (use D to highlight x1) ƒ9 › TI-92 Plus Keystrokes 2° (use D to highlight x1) ƒ9 15. Return to the Home screen and store a different value to the unarchived variable. " ¸ ¥" ¸ Deleting variables: 16. Display VAR-LINK, and use the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 370
if they are in the user data archive, use the VAR-LINK screen. Press 2 ¯. Size of history pairs saved in the Home screen's history area Size of Flash applications Free space in RAM Free space in Flash ROM Includes programs written for the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus as well as any assembly-language - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 371
Flash ROM free on the MEMORY Screen Note: For TI-92 Plus Modules and some TI-89 users, their maximum archive space is about 384-KB regardless of how much free Flash ROM is available. The Flash ROM free displayed on the Memory screen 2 ¯ is shared by archive and Flash applications. This Flash ROM is - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 372
Flash applications Size in bytes This... ... Link 4 6 6 Ÿ Œ û Data type Variable names (alphabetically listed) Indicates this... Lets you transmit variables and Flash applications between units and update the product software in your TI-89 / TI-92 Plus. Refer to Chapter 22. Collapsed folder view - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 373
see. From the VAR-LINK screen: 1. Press „ View. 2. Highlight the setting you want to change, and press B. This displays a menu of valid choices VAR-LINK Screen To close the VAR-LINK screen and return to the current application, use ¸ or N as described below. Tip: For more information on using the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 374
Matrix Editor. 1. On VAR-LINK, move the cursor to highlight the variable. 2. Press: TI-89: 2 ˆ TI-92 Plus: ˆ If you highlight a folder, the screen shows the number of variables in that folder. 3. To return to VAR-LINK, press any key. Selecting Items from the List Note: If you use † to Ÿ one or more - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 375
one folder other than MAIN. You cannot use VAR-LINK to copy variables within the same folder. 1. On VAR-LINK, select the variables. 2. Press ƒ Manage delete, rename, or store to it. However, you can copy, move, or display its contents. When a folder is locked, you can manipulate the variables in the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 376
use. You can display the VAR-LINK screen Use? From the following applications, you can paste a variable name to the current cursor location. ¦ Home screen, Y= Editor, Table Editor, or Data/Matrix Editor - The cursor must be on the entry line. ¦ Text Editor, Window Editor, Numeric Solver, or Program - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 377
for future use. − If you acquire additional programs for your TI-89 / TI-92 Plus, particularly if they are large, you may need to create additional free RAM before you can install those programs. Additional free RAM can improve performance times for certain types of calculations. Checking for - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 378
and press † Ÿ. To archive or unarchive: 1. Press 2 ° to display the VAR-LINK screen. 2. Select one or more variables, which can be in different folders MAIN f l1 m1 û prog1 s1 text1 User Data Archive a2 pic1 From the Home Screen or a Program Use the Archive and Unarchiv commands (Appendix A). - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 379
Displayed If you use the user data archive extensively, you may see a Garbage Collection message. This occurs if you try to archive a variable when there is not enough free archive memory. However, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus when a program is caught in a loop that repetitively fills the user data archive - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 380
How Unarchiving a Variable Affects the Process When you unarchive a variable, it is copied to RAM but is not actually deleted from the user data archive memory. After you unarchive variables B and C, they continue to take up space. Unarchived variables are "marked for deletion," meaning they will - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 381
, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus performs a "behind-the scenes" copy. For example, if you run a program that is in the user data archive, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus: 1. Copies the program to RAM. 2. Runs the program. 3. Deletes the copy from RAM when the program is finished. The error message is displayed if - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 382
, and Folders 367 Transmitting Variables under Program Control 371 Upgrading Product Software (Base Code 373 Collecting and Transmitting ID Lists 378 Compatibility between a TI.89, TI.92 Plus, and TI.92 380 This chapter describes how to use the VAR-LINK screen to: ¦ Transmit variables, Flash - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 383
a TI-89 or TI-92 Plus to another TI-89, a TI-92 Plus, or a TI-92, but not to a graphing calculator such as a TI-81, TI-82, TI-83, TI-83 Plus, TI-85, or TI-86. I/O Port Cable I/O Port This shows how to link two TI-92 Plus units together: I/O Port TI-92 Plus I/O Port TI-92 Plus You can also use - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 384
transfer only from a TI-89 to a TI-89 or from a TI-92 Plus to a TI-92 Plus. You cannot send Flash applications to a TI-92 unless it contains a Plus module and Advanced Mathematics 2.x product software (base code). For more calculator compatibility information, refer to page 380. 1. Link two units as - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 385
archive a Flash application or a folder. Note: You cannot send an archived variable to a TI-92. You must unarchive it first. Note: You must expand a folder before transmitting it or its receiving unit: 1. Press ´. An error message is displayed. 2. Press N or ¸. 368 Chapter 22: Linking and Upgrading - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 386
always display this message. Instead, it may remain BUSY until you cancel the transmission. Sending unit This is displayed after receiving unit does not have the correct certification for the product software (base code) or Flash application being sent. Receiving unit New Linking and Upgrading 369 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 387
use a TI-GRAPH LINK computer-to-calculator cable to install the application or certificate on your TI-89 / TI-92 Plus. via TI-GRAPH LINK cable TI-89 For installation instructions, refer to the Flash Applications instructions in the front of this guidebook, or to your TI™ Connect online help or TI - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 388
archived variable, a TI-89 or TI-92 Plus graph data base, etc. The "Chat" Program The following program uses GetCalc and SendChat. The program sets up two loops that let the linked calculators take turns sending and receiving/displaying a variable named msg. InputStr lets each user enter a message - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 389
the connecting cable as described on page 366. ¦ The Chat program is loaded on both calculators. (A program loaded on a TI-92 must use SendCalc instead of SendChat.) − Use each calculator' s Program Editor to enter the program. - or - − Enter the program on one calculator and then use VAR-LINK to - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 390
). Before downloading a purchased feature upgrade from the Texas Instruments web site, you must provide your calculator's electronic ID number. This information is used to create a customized electronic certificate that specifies which product software your unit is licensed to run. Installing either - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 391
can download product software and/or a certificate from the Texas Instruments web site to a computer, and use a TI-GRAPH LINK computer-to-calculator cable to install it on your TI-89 / TI-92 Plus. via TI-GRAPH LINK cable TI-89 For complete information, refer to the instructions on the web. 374 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 392
89 to a TI-89 or from a TI-92 Plus to a TI-92 Plus. You cannot send Advanced Mathematics 2.x product software (base code) to a TI-92 unless it contains a Plus module. For more calculator compatibility information, refer to page 380. To transfer product software (base code) from unit to unit: 1. Link - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 393
for each of the other units. TI-89 TI-89 TI-89 Starting with the first unit, transfer the feature upgrade from one unit to another as described below. Preparing multiple TI-92 Plus units for a purchased feature upgrade works the same as illustrated above. 376 Chapter 22: Linking and Upgrading - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 394
obtain and install a valid certificate. An error occurred during the transfer. The current product software in the receiving unit is corrupted. You must reinstall the product software from a computer. Replace the batteries on the unit displaying this message. Chapter 22: Linking and Upgrading 377 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 395
the IDs are collected, transmit them to Texas Instruments so a group certificate can be issued. A group certificate allows distribution of purchased software to multiple TI-89 / TI-92 Plus units. The software can be loaded, deleted from, and reloaded to the calculators as often as needed for as long - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 396
Texas Instruments. For complete instructions on how to transmit an ID list from a TI-89 / TI-92 Plus to a computer, refer to the TI-GRAPH LINK guidebook. The general steps are: 1. Connect the cable to the computer and to the calculator that contains the ID list. 2. Start the TI-GRAPH LINK software - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 397
-89 and TI-92 Plus, but some programs written for one may not run the same on the other because of differences in the calculators' screen sizes and keyboards. Compared to a TI-92, the TI-89 and TI-92 Plus: ¦ Have functions, instructions, and system variables that do not exist on the TI-92. ¦ Can use - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 398
a TI-92 to a TI-89 or TI-92 Plus. However, they may behave differently. Examples are: ¦ Conflicts between TI-89 / TI-92 Plus system variable, function, and instruction names and TI-92 user-defined names. ¦ Programs or functions that use symbolic local variables. On a TI-89 and TI-92 Plus, a local - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 399
382 Chapter 22: Linking and Upgrading - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 400
Using the Text Editor 392 Decomposing a Rational Function 394 Studying Statistics: Filtering Data by Categories 396 CBL 2/CBL Program for the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus 399 Studying the Flight of a Hit Baseball 400 Visualizing Complex Zeros of a Cubic Polynomial 402 Solving a Standard Annuity Problem - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 401
Analyzing the Pole-Corner Problem A ten-foot-wide hallway meets a five-foot-wide hallway touching the interior corner and opposite sides of the two hallways as shown in the diagram below. Hint: Use proportional sides and the Pythagorean theorem to find the length c with respect to w. Then find the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 402
5. Compute the exact maximum length of the pole. Enter: c ( 2 ± ) Hint: Use the auto-paste feature to copy the result from step 4 to the entry line inside the parentheses of c( ) and press ¥ ¸. 6. Compute the approximate maximum length - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 403
enter the generalized quadratic equation: axñ +bx+c=0. 3. Subtract c from both sides of the equation. TI-89: 2 ± | j C TI-92 Plus: 2 ± | C 4. Divide both sides of the equation by the leading coefficient a. 5. Use the expand() function to expand the result of the last answer. 6. Complete the square - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 404
7. Factor the result using the factor() function. 8. Multiply both sides of the equation by 4añ. 9. Take the square root of both sides of the equation with the constraint that a>0 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 405
the identity matrix, and then solve to find an invalid value of the inverse. 1. On the Home screen, use RandSeed to set the random number generator seed to the factory default, and then use randMat() to create a random 3x3 matrix and store it in a. 2. Replace the [2,3] element of the matrix with the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 406
intersection A. Perform the following steps to observe where the graphs of the functions y1(x)=cos(x) and y2(x)=sin(x) intersect. Using the ceiling() and floor() functions, find the ceiling and floor values for the intersection points as shown. Hint: To get the "with" operator: TI-89: Í TI-92 Plus - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 407
of the Surface Area of a Parallelepiped Perform the following steps to define a function for the surface area of a parallelepiped, draw a 3D graph, and use the Trace tool to find a point close to the minimum surface area. 1. On the Home screen, define the function sa(x,y,v) for the surface area - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 408
Finding the Minimum Surface Area Analytically Perform the following steps to solve the problem analytically on the Home screen. 1. Solve for x and y in terms of v. Enter: solve(d(sa(x,y,v),x)=0 and d(sa(x,y,v),y)=0,{x,y}) Hint: Press ¸ to obtain the exact result in symbolic - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 409
. Detailed information about text operations can be found in Chapter 18: Text Editor. Running a Tutorial Script Perform the following steps to write a script using the Text Editor, test each line, and observe the results in the history area on the Home screen. 1. Open the Text Editor, and create - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 410
line in the script one at a time. Tip: Press 2 K twice to 5. To see the results of the script on a full-sized screen, go to the display the Home screen. Home screen. Chapter 23: Activities 393 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 411
into a quotient and remainder. Detailed information about the steps used in this example can be found in Chapter 6: Basic Function Graphing and Chapter 3: Symbolic Manipulation. Decomposing a Rational Function Note: Actual entries are displayed in reverse type in the example screens. Hint: Move - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 412
by the quadratic quotient y2(x). The rational expression is basically a quadratic function as x gets very large in both the positive and negative directions. The lower graph is y3(x)=f(x) graphed separately using the line style. Chapter 23: Activities 395 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 413
the weights of high school students using categories to filter the data. Detailed information about using the commands in this example boys Junior girls Senior boys Senior girls Table 2: C1 (weight of each student in pounds) vs. C2 (category) C1 C2 C1 C2 C1 C2 C1 C2 110 1 115 3 130 5 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 414
Perform the following steps to compare the weight of high school students to their year in school. 1. Start the Data/Matrix Editor, and create a new Data variable named students. 2. Enter the data and categories from Table 2 into columns c1 and c2, respectively. Note: Set up several box plots to - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 415
) Plot 5: {2,4,6,8} (all girls) 8. In the Y= Editor, deselect any functions that may be selected from a previous activity. 9. Display the plots by pressing „ and selecting 9:Zoomdata. 10. Use the Trace tool to compare the median student weights for different subsets. all students all freshmen all - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 416
type lengthy text and then use TI-GRAPH LINK to send it to the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus. More TI-89 / TI-92 Plus CBL 2/CBL programs are available from the TI web site at: education.ti.com/cbl Program Instruction :cooltemp() :Prgm :Local i :setMode("Graph","FUNCTION") :PlotsOff :FnOff :ClrDraw :ClrGraph - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 417
Studying the Flight of a Hit Baseball This activity uses the split screen settings to show a parametric graph and a table at the same time to study the flight of a hit baseball. Setting Up a Parametric Graph and Table Perform the following steps to study the flight of a hit baseball that has an - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 418
x values= y values= [0,4,.1] [0,300,50] [0,100,10] 6. Switch to the right side and display the graph. Hint: Press ¥ &. 7. Display the TABLE SETUP dialog box, and change tblStart to 0 and @tbl to 0.1. Hint: Press ¥ '. 8. Display the table in the left side and press D to highlight t=2. Note: As - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 419
force any roots to visually just touch the xy plane. Note: The graph of z1(x,y) will be the modulus surface. Perform the following steps to and store it in the function f(x). 3. Use the abs() function to find the absolute value of f(x+yi). (This calculation may take about 2 minutes.) 4. Copy and - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 420
Note: Calculating and drawing the graph takes about three minutes. 6. In the Y=Editor, press: TI-89: ¥ Í TI-92 Plus: ¥ F and set the Graph Format variables to: Axes= ON Labels= ON Style= HIDDEN SURFACE 7. Graph the modulus surface. The 3D graph is used to visually display a picture of the roots - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 421
Solving a Standard Annuity Problem This activity can be used to find the interest rate, starting : To enter the "with" (|) operator: TI-89: Í TI-92 Plus: 2 È Tip: Press ¥ ¸ to obtain a floating-point result. 3. Enter the equation to solve for i using the "with" operator. solve(s=pù (1+i)^n,i) | - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 422
in this example can be found in Chapter 17: Programming. Time-Value-ofMoney Function Tip: You can use your computer keyboard to type lengthy text and then use TI-GRAPH LINK to send it to the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus. In the Program Editor, define the following Time-Value-of-Money (tvm) function where - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 423
, or complex factors of expressions. Detailed information about the steps used in this example can be found in Chapter 3: Symbolic Manipulation. displays a rational result. 2. factor(x^3+5x) ¸ displays a rational result. 3. factor(x^3ì 5x,x) ¸ displays a real result. 4. cfactor(x^3+5x,x) ¸ displays - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 424
colored balls from an urn without replacing them. Detailed information about the steps used in this example can be found in Chapter 17: Programming. Sampling-withoutReplacement Function Sampling without Replacement In the Program Editor, define drawball() as a function that can be called with two - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 425
408 Chapter 23: Activities - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 426
-Find Locator 410 Alphabetical Listing of Operations 414 This appendix describes the syntax and the action of each TI-89 / TI-92 Plus function and instruction. Name of the function or instruction. Key or menu for entering the name. You can also type the name. Example Circle CATALOG Circle - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 427
Quick-Find Locator This section lists the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus functions and instructions in functional groups along with the page ZoomTrig 418 Circle 420 420 CyclePic 429 439 DrawParm 439 440 DrwCtour 441 449 Graph 455 461 LineTan 462 471 PtChg 482 483 ptTest() 483 483 PxlCrcl 483 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 428
Math Matrices + (add) 526 ì (subtract) 526 ù (multiply) 527 à (divide) 527 ë (negate) 528 % (percent) 528 ! (factorial) 531 ‡() (sqr. root) 533 ^ (power) 534 ¡ ( stdDev() 506 subMat() 508 sum() 508 T 509 unitV() 516 variance() 517 xê 538 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 411 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 429
Programming Statistics = 529 ≤ 530 # (indirection) 534 and 414 ClrErr 420 ClrIO 421 CustmOff 428 Cycle 429 DelVar 434 DispG 438 RandSeed 488 ShowStat 500 SinReg 503 SortA 506 SortD 506 stdDev() 506 TwoVar 516 variance() 517 412 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 430
Strings & (append) 532 # (indirection) 534 char() 419 dim() 437 expr() 446 format() 450 inString() 458 left() 460 mid() 468 ord() 476 right() 491 rotate() 491 shift() 499 string() 508 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 413 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 431
represents the bit results, and is displayed according to the Base mode. You can enter the integers in any number base. For a binary or hexadecimal entry, you must use the 0b or 0h prefix, respectively. prefix). A hexadecimal entry can have up to 8 digits. 414 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 432
of the screen. In function graphing mode and Y= Editor: y1(x) = cos(x) C TI-89: 2 ˆ Style = 3:Square TI-92 Plus: ˆ Style = 3:Square „ Zoom = 7:ZoomTrig ƒ = 2:Save Copy As... Type = Picture, Variable = PIC1 y2(x) = sin(x) TI-89: 2 ˆ Style = 3:Square TI-92 Plus: ˆ Style = 3:Square y1 = no checkmark - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 433
user data use Unarchiv. N Unarchiv arctest ¸ 15!arctest ¸ 10 Done 50 Done 15 arcLen() MATH/Calculus menu arcLen(expression1,var,start,end) ⇒ expression Returns the arc length of expression1 from start to end with respect to variable var. Regardless of the graphing mode, arc length is calculated - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 434
"," character is used, the matrices must have equal character is used, the matrices must user-defined function name (see Func). h is the step value. If h is omitted, it defaults to 0.001. Note that the similar function nDeriv() uses (base 10). The result is displayed in binary, regardless of the Base - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 435
calculated according to the Window variable values. For information about the increments used to evaluate a graph, refer to the chapter that describes that graphing mode. TI-89: " TI-92 Plus: ¥ " BldData ¸ O 6 ¸ Done 3D graphing ¸ [20. ë3.øi ] 4 418 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 436
char(38) ¸ "&" Returns a character string containing the char(65) ¸ "A" character numbered integer from the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus character set. See Appendix B for a complete listing of character codes. The valid range for integer is 0-255. Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 419 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 437
feature so that the next time the Graph screen is displayed, the graph will be redrawn. While viewing the Graph screen, you can clear all drawn items (such as lines and points) by pressing † (ReGraph) or pressing: TI-89: 2 ˆ TI-92 Plus: ˆ and selecting 1:ClrDraw. ClrErr CATALOG ClrErr Clears - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 438
integers (@1, @2, etc.), ClrHome resets the suffix to 1. ClrIO CATALOG ClrIO Clears the Program I/O screen. ClrTable CATALOG ClrTable Clears all table values. Applies only to the ASK of a fully expanded numerator over a fully expanded denominator. Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 421 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 439
exist, CopyVar creates it. Note: CopyVar is similar to the store instruction (! ) when you are copying an expression, list, matrix, or character string except that no simplification takes place when using CopyVar. You must use CopyVar with non-algebraic variable types such as Pic and GDB variables - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 440
cos( ) TI-89: 2 X key TI-92 Plus: X key cos(expression1) ⇒ expression In calculated by the algorithm: 1. Compute the eigenvalues (li) and eigenvectors (Vi) of A. squareMatrix1 must be diagonalizable. Also, it cannot have symbolic variables that have not been assigned a value. 2. Form the matrices - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 441
cosê () TI-89: ¥ R key TI-92 Plus: 2 R key cosê (expression1) ⇒ expression cosê (list1) not the same as calculating the hyperbolic cosine of each element. For information about the calculation method, refer to coshê ({1,2.1,3}) ¸ {0 1.372... coshê (3)} 424 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 442
real and non-real solutions. Even if equation is real, cSolve() allows nonreal results in real mode. cSolve(x^3=ë 1,x) ¸ solve(x^3=ë 1,x) ¸ Although the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus processes all undefined variables as if they were real, cSolve() can solve polynomial equations for complex solutions. cSolve - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 443
: The following examples use an underscore _ ( TI-89: ¥ TI-92 Plus: 2 ) so that the variables will be treated as complex. cSolve(u_ù v_ì u_=v_ and v_^2=ë u_,{u_,v_}) ¸ u_=1/2 + 23øi and v_=1/2 ì 23øi or u_=1/2 ì 23øi and v_=1/2 + 23øi or u_=0 and v_=0 426 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 444
all of its variables nor linear in its solution variables, cSolve() determines at most one solution using an approximate iterative method. To do so, the number of solution variables must equal the number w_=.149... + 4.891...øi and z_=1.588... + 1.540...øi Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 427 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 445
Calculates variable name and cannot be c1-c99. In function graphing mode. {0,1,2,3}! L1 ¸ {0,2,3,4}! L2 ¸ CubicReg program to control a custom toolbar. Manually, you can press 2 ¾ to toggle a custom toolbar on and off. See Custom program listing example. 428 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 446
is very similar to the ToolBar instruction except that Title and Item statements Title "Graph" :EndCustm :EndPrgm Cycle CATALOG Cycle Program listing: Transfers program control Displays all the PIC variables specified and at 2. Enter: CyclePic "pic",3,.5,4,ë1 the specified interval. The user - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 447
the components ordered the same as the varOrGuess list. To extract a row, index the matrix by [row]. Note: The following examples use an underscore _ (TI-89: ¥ TI-92 Plus: 2 ) so that the variables will be treated as complex. cZeros({u_ù v_ì u_ì v_,v_^2+u_}, {u_,v_}) ¸ 1/2 1/2 ì 23øi + 23 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 448
all of its variables nor linear in its unknowns, cZeros() determines at most one zero using an approximate iterative method. To do so, the number of unknowns must equal the number z_)ì w_,w_ì z_^2}, {w_,z_=1+ i}) ¸ [ .149...+4.89...øi 1.588...+1.540...øi] Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 431 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 449
integer1 to a decimal (base 10) 0h1F 4Dec ¸ 31 number. A binary or hexadecimal entry must always have a 0b or 0h prefix, respectively. 432 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 450
. block also can include expressions and instructions (such as If, Then, Else, and For). This allows the function funcName() to use the Return instruction to return a specific result. Note: It is usually easier to author and edit this form of Function in the program editor rather than on the entry - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 451
Creates progName as a program or subprogram, but cannot return a result using Return. Can execute a block of multiple statements. block can be either a single statement or a series of statements separated with the ":" character. block also can include expressions and instructions (such as If, Then - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 452
textbook or manual solutions, be aware that different methods introduce arbitrary constants at different points in the calculation, which may produce different general solutions. solve(ans(1),y) ¸ ( ) xñ +2ø@3 y=tanê 2 +@n1øp Note: To type an @ symbol, press: TI-89: ¥ § TI-92 Plus: 2 R ans - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 453
you use ¥ ¸ or set the mode to Exact/Approx=APPROXIMATE, computations are done using floating-point arithmetic. • If tol is omitted or not used, the default tolerance is calculated 0 6 [4,6,8;1,2,3;5,7,9] ¸ 41 5 6 2 7 83 9 diag(ans(1)) ¸ [4 2 9] 436 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 454
L1 ¸ Disp L1 ¸ {1 2 3 4} Disp 180_min 4 _hr ¸ 3.ø_hr Note: To type an underscore ( _ ), press: TI-89: ¥ TI-92 Plus: 2 To type 4, press 2 Ž. From the Program I/O screen, you can press ‡ to display the Home screen, or a program can use DispHome. Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 437 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 455
DispG CATALOG DispG Displays the current contents of the Graph screen. In function graphing mode: Program segment: © :5ù cos(x)! y1(x) :ë 10! xmin :10! xmax :ë 5! ymin :5! ymax :DispG © DispHome CATALOG DispHome Displays the current contents of the Home screen. Program segment: © :Disp "The - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 456
using x as the independent variable. Note: Regraphing erases all drawn items. In function graphing erases all drawn items. In function graphing mode and ZoomStd window: DrawInv 1. equations expression1 and expression2, using t as the independent current graphing mode is not parametric, these - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 457
graph and draws a line using the formula yì y1=slopeø (xì x1). In function graphing mode and ZoomStd window: DrawSlp 2,3,ë 2 ¸ Note: Regraphing erases all drawn items. DropDown CATALOG DropDown titleString, {item1String, item2String, ...}, varName See Dialog program listing example. Displays - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 458
original view. • To toggle between different graph format styles, press: TI-89: Í TI-92 Plus: F • Press X, Y, or Z to look down the corresponding axis. í TI-89: ^ key TI-92 Plus: 2 ^ key mantissaEexponent 2.3í 4 ¸ Enters a number in scientific notation. The number is interpreted as mantissa - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 459
is not the same as calculating e raised to the power of each element. For information about the calculation method, refer to cos(). ElseIf Boolean expressionN Then blockN EndIf © ElseIf can be used as a program instruction for program branching. Program segment: © :If choice=1 Then : Goto option1 : - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 460
]) ⇒ expression exact(list1 [, tol]) ⇒ list exact(matrix1 [, tol]) ⇒ matrix Uses Exact mode arithmetic regardless of the Exact/Approx mode setting to return, when possible, the exact(3.5x+y) ¸ 7ø 2 x + y exact({.2,.33,4.125}) ¸ {1à5 33 100 33à8} Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 443 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 461
suggest you make a backup of the calculator contents before attempting to use the Exec command. Exit CATALOG Exit Exits the current For, While, or Loop block. Exit is not allowed outside the three looping structures (For, While, or Loop). Program listing: :0! temp :For i,1,100,1 : temp+i! temp - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 462
(ans(1),x) ¸ Even when there is only one variable, using var might make the denominator factorization used for partial fraction expansion more complete. Hint: For rational 2)/(x^2ì 2)) ¸ 2ø x xñ ì 2 + x+1 expand(ans(1),x) ¸ 1 xì ‡2 + 1 x+‡2 + x+1 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 445 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 463
ExpReg list1, list2 [, [list3] [, list4, list5]] Calculates the exponential regression and updates all the system statistics variables. does not have to be a variable name and cannot be c1-c99. In function graphing mode: {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}! L1 ¸ {1 2 ...} {1,2,2,2,3,4,5,7}! L2 ¸ ExpReg L1,L2 ¸ - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 464
(1),x) ¸ (xì.964...)ø (x +.611...)ø (x + 2.125...)ø (xñ + 2.227...ø x + 2.392...) Note: See also cFactor() for factoring all the way to complex coefficients in pursuit of linear factors. Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 447 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 465
) a computation, press ´. If you merely want to determine if a number is prime, use isPrime() instead. It is much faster, particularly if rationalNumber is not prime and if the fMax(1ì (xì a)^2ì (xì b)^2,x) ¸ fMax(.5x^3ì xì 2,x) ¸ x = a+b 2 x = ˆ 448 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 466
if you use the "|" graphing mode: FnOff 1,3 ¸ deselects xt1(t), yt1(t), xt3(t), and yt3(t). FnOn CATALOG FnOn Selects all Y= functions that are defined for the current graphing mode. In split-screen, two-graph mode, FnOn only applies to the active graph. Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 467
selected function. In the other graph modes, previously selected functions are not of statements separated with the ":" character. Program segment: © :0! tempsum : 1! step digits to display after the decimal point. S[n]: Scientific format. n is the number of digits to display after the Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 468
CATALOG Get var Program segment: Retrieves a CBL 2é/CBL™ (Calculator-Based Laboratoryé) or CBRé (Calculator-Based Rangeré) value from the link port and stores it in variable var. © :Send {3,1,ë 1,0} :For i,1,99 : Get data[i] : PtOn i,data[i] :EndFor © Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 451 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 469
Program segment: Retrieves a value from the link port and stores it in variable var. This is for unit-to-unit linking. Note: To get a variable to the link port from another unit, use "Free Archive" 655340} TI-92 Plus: getConfg() ¸ {"Product Name" "Advanced Mathematics Software" "Version" "2.00, 09 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 470
For a listing of key codes, see Appendix B. Program listing: :Disp :Loop : getKey()! key : while use setUnits() or getUnits() instead of setMode() or getMode(). getMode("angle") ¸ "RADIAN" getMode("graph") ¸ "FUNCTION" getMode("all") ¸ {"Graph" "FUNCTION" "Display A: Functions and Instructions 453 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 471
type Expression (includes complex/arbitrary/undefined TRUE, FALSE, pi, e) Function Graph data base List Matrix Variable does not exist Real number Miscellaneous data type for future use by software applications Picture Program String Text type Name of another variable getUnits() CATALOG getUnits - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 472
same program using a Lbl instruction. Program segment: © :0! temp :1! i :Lbl TOP : temp+i! temp : If i - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 473
decimal (base 10). The result is displayed in hexadecimal, regardless of the Base mode symmetric modulo operation is used to bring the value into of statements separated with the ":" character. Program segment: © :If x - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 474
(matrix1) ⇒ matrix Returns a matrix of the imaginary parts of the elements. imag([a,b;ic,id]) ¸ [0c 0d] Input CATALOG Input Program segment: Pauses the program, displays the current Graph screen, and lets you update variables xc and yc (also rc and qc for polar coordinate mode) by positioning - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 475
InputStr CATALOG InputStr [promptString,] var Program segment: Pauses the program, displays promptString on the Program I/O screen, waits for you signed integer part of argument 1 divided by argument 2. For lists and matrices returns the signed integer part of argument 1 divided by argument 2 for - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 476
2. 7.} For lists and matrices, returns the integer part displays an error message. If you merely want to determine if number is prime, use Program segment: Defines a label with the name labelName in the program. You can use a Goto labelName instruction to transfer program control to the instruction - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 477
of their denominators. The lcm of fractional floating-point numbers is their product. For two lists or matrices, returns the least common multiples of the corresponding elements. lcm(6,9) ¸ 18 lcm({1/3,ë 14,16},{2/15 the entire set of such numbers. 460 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 478
limit() uses methods such as L'Hopital's rule, so erases all drawn items. See also PxlLine. TI-89: " TI-92 Plus: ¥ " Line 0,0,6,9,0 ¸ LineHorz CATALOG LineHorz y [, drawMode] Displays the Graph screen and draws, erases, or inverts a . See also PxlHorz. Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 461 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 479
graphed separately. LineTan does not graph expression1. In function graphing mode and a ZoomTrig window: Graph cos(x) TI-89: " TI-92 Plus: ¥ " LineTan cos(x),p/4 ¸ LineVert CATALOG LineVert x [, drawMode] In a ZoomStd window: Displays the Graph list4, list5]] Calculates the linear Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 480
list({20,30,45,70}) ¸ {10,15,25} ln( ) TI-89: 2 x key TI-92 Plus: x key ln(expression1) ⇒ expression ln(list1) ⇒ list Returns as calculating the natural logarithm of each element. For information about the calculation method, 124...+1.790...øi ... Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 463 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 481
Calculates c1-c99. In function graphing mode: {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}! L1 ¸ program executes. Lock CATALOG Lock var1[, var2] ... {1,2,3,4}! L1 ¸ {1,2,3,4} Locks the specified variables. This prevents you from accidentally deleting or changing the variable without first using the unlock instruction - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 482
list3] [, list4, list5] ] In function graphing mode: Calculates the logistic regression and updates all the system of times a solution will be attempted. If omitted, 64 is used. Typically, larger values result in better accuracy but longer execution Done Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 465 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 483
Exit instruction is executed within block. block is a sequence of statements separated with the ":" character. Program use ¥ ¸ or set the mode to Exact/Approx=APPROXIMATE, computations are done using floating-point arithmetic. • If tol is omitted or not used, the default tolerance is calculated - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 484
matrix Returns the maximum of the two arguments. If the arguments are two lists or matrices, returns a list or matrix containing the maximum value of each pair of corresponding elements. median({.2,0,1,ë.3,.4}) ¸ .2 median([.2,0;1,ë.3;.4,ë.5]) ¸ [.4 ë.3] Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 467 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 485
[, list4, list5]] Calculates the median-median line not have to be a variable name and cannot be c1-c99. In function graphing mode: {0,1,2,3,4,5,6}! L1 ¸ {0 1 2 ...} {0,2,3,4,3,4,6}! L2 ¸ {0 2 6} {8 7} {9 8} {} mid({"A","B","C","D"},2,2) ¸ {"B" "C"} 468 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 486
arguments. If the arguments are two lists or matrices, returns a list or matrix containing the minimum ë 4} If the arguments are two lists or two matrices, returns a list or matrix containing the modulo of {1,2,3,4}! L1 ¸ {1 2 3 4} MoveVar L1,Main,Games ¸ Done mRow( ) MATH/Matrix/Row ops menu - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 487
element pairs in the two matrices. The arguments must be the 2ø h Returns the numerical derivative as an expression. Uses the central difference quotient formula. h is the step sin(x) nDeriv(x^3,x,0.01) ¸ 3.ø (xñ +.000033) When using list or matrix, the operation gets mapped across the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 488
Go to the Data/Matrix Editor and open the var mydata to display the data variable below.) NewData dataVar, matrix Creates data variable dataVar games ¸ Done Creates a user-defined folder with the name folderName, and then sets the current folder to that folder. After you execute this instruction - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 489
Done Press ¥ % to display: mark specifies the display type of the mark. 1 = è (box) 2 = × (cross) 3 = + (plus ) 4 = é (square that let you begin a new problem from a cleared state without resetting (FnOff and PlotsOff) in the current graphing mode. • Perfoms ClrDraw, ClrErr, ClrGraph Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 490
each bit is flipped (0 becomes 1, and vice versa) for the one's complement. Results are displayed according to the Base mode. You can enter the integer in any number base. For a binary or hexadecimal entry, you must use the 0b or 0h prefix, respectively. Without a prefix, the integer is treated as - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 491
corresponding element pairs in the two matrices. The arguments must be the use nSolve() in a program, you can use getType() to check for a numeric result before using it in an algebraic expression. Note: See also cSolve(), cZeros(), solve(), and zeros(). 474 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 492
Calculates . x,3 or x,4 ¸ Program segment: © If x - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 493
Program I/O screen, you can press ‡ to display the Home screen, or a program can use DispHome. ord("hello") ¸ 104 char(104) ¸ "h" ord(char(24)) ¸ 24 ord({"alpha","beta"}) ¸ {97 98} Program expression, you can use ó or ô , you can use ó or ô to - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 494
part(expression1[ ,nonNegativeInteger]) This advanced programming function lets you identify and extract press ¥ ¸, the numeric value of pù x is calculated, the result is added to 3, and then the cosine is calculated. cos() is the top-level operator because it is A: Functions and Instructions 477 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 495
right, you can store an argument or operand and then use part() to extract further sub-expressions. Note: When using part(), do not rely on any particular order in expressions from a part([a,b,c;x,y,z],0) ¸ "{" matrix, remember that matrices are stored as part([a,b,c;x,y,z]) ¸ 2 lists of lists, - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 496
The example Program Editor function to the right uses getType() and part() to partially implement symbolic differentiation. Studying and completing this function can help teach you how to differentiate manually. You could even include functions that the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus cannot differentiate, such - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 497
¸ Turns on the specified plots for graphing. PlotsOn ¸ When in 2-graph mode, only affects the active graph. If you do not include any [1,3.] 4Polar ¸ [x,y] 4Polar ¸ Note: 4Polar is a display-format instruction, not a conversion function. You can use it only at the end of an entry line, and it - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 498
graphing mode: {1,2,3,4,5,6,7}! L1 ¸ {1 2 3 ...} {1,2,3,4,3,4,6}! L2 ¸ {1 2 3 ...} PowerReg L1,L2 ¸ Done ShowStat ¸ ¸ Regeq(x)"y1(x) ¸ NewPlot 1,1,L1,L2 ¸ ¥% Done Done Prgm CATALOG Prgm © EndPrgm Required instruction that identifies the beginning of a program. Last line of program - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 499
var2] [, var3] ... Program segment: Displays a prompt on the Program I/O screen for each variable in the argument list, using the prompt var1?. Stores to expand(). PtChg CATALOG PtChg x, y PtChg xList, yList Displays the Graph screen and reverses the screen pixel nearest to window coordinates - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 500
2,4 ¸ PxlCrcl CATALOG PxlCrcl row, col, r [, drawMode] TI-89: PxlCrcl 40,80,30,1 ¸ Displays the Graph screen and draws a circle TI-92 Plus: PxlCrcl 50,125,40,1 centered at pixel coordinates (row, col Regraphing erases all drawn items. See also Circle. Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 483 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 501
CATALOG PxlLine rowStart, colStart, rowEnd, colEnd [, drawMode] Displays the Graph screen and draws a line between pixel coordinates (rowStart, colStart) and (rowEnd, colEnd), including both endpoints. TI-89: PxlLine 50,15,20,90,1 ¸ TI-92 Plus: PxlLine 80,20,30,150,1 ¸ If drawMode = 1, draws - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 502
PxlText CATALOG PxlText string, row, col Displays the Graph screen and places character string string on the screen, starting at pixel coordinates (row, col). TI-89: PxlText "sample text",20,10 ¸ TI-92 Plus: PxlText "sample text",20,50 ¸ string is positioned with the upper-left corner of its - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 503
using Householder transformations. The symbolic solution is computed using list1, list2[, [list3] [, list4, list5]] Calculates the quadratic polynomial regression and updates the system represents category include list. In function graphing mode: {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7}! L1 ¸ {1 2 Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 504
list3] [, list4, list5]] Calculates the quartic polynomial regression and not have to be a variable name and cannot be c1-c99. In function graphing mode: {ë 2,ë 1,0,1,2,3,4,5,6}! L1 ¸ {ë 2 ë 1 0 ...} {4,3,1,2,4,2,1,4,6}! L2 R4Pr([3,-4,2],[0,pà4,1.5]) ¸ Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 487 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 505
factory defaults for the random-number generator. If number ƒ 0, it is used to generate two seeds, which are stored in system variables seed1 and 158... RclGDB CATALOG RclGDB GDBvar Restores all the settings stored in the Graph database variable GDBvar. RclGDB GDBvar ¸ Done For a listing of the - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 506
column] Displays the Graph screen and adds the picture stored in picVar at the upper left-hand corner pixel coordinates (row, column) using OR can be a row or a column. Note: 4Rect is a display-format instruction, not a conversion function. You can use it only at the end of an entry line, and it - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 507
is inside a Dialog...EndDlog construct, it creates an input box for the user to type in data. If it is a stand-alone instruction, it creates a dialog box for this input. In either case, if var contains a string, it is displayed and highlighted in the input box as a default choice. promptString must - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 508
Rightmost bit rotates to leftmost. produces: 0b10000000000000111101011000011010 The result is displayed according to the Base mode. Important: To enter a binary or hexadecimal number, always use the 0b or 0h prefix (zero, not the letter O). Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 491 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 509
is not included, returns the argument rounded to 12 significant digits. Note: Display digits mode may affect how this is displayed. round(list1[, digits]) ⇒ list Returns a list of the elements rounded (). [1,2;3,4;5,6]! M1 ¸ rowdim(M1) ¸ 13 24 5 6 3 492 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 510
Graph screen and places picture picVar at pixel coordinates (row, column). If you do not want to clear the screen, use use ¥ ¸ or set the mode to Exact/Approx=APPROXIMATE, computations are done using floating-point arithmetic. • If tol is omitted or not used, the default tolerance is calculated - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 511
a TI-92 or TI-92 Plus to be used). Refer to SendCalc for more information. © :a+b! x :SendChat x © SendChat sends a variable only if that variable is compatible with the TI-92, which is typically true in "chat" programs. However, SendChat will not send an archived variable, a TI-89 graph data - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 512
", "Axes", "Box" "Off", "On" 2 (not 3D graph mode) (3D graph mode) "Off", "On" "Wire Frame", "Hidden Surface", "Contour Levels", "Wire and Contour", "Implicit Plot" 3 "Time", "Web", "U1-vs-U2" 4 "Time", "t-vs-y' ", "y-vs-y' ", "y1-vs-y2", "y1-vs-y2' ", "y1'-vs-y2' " 5 Tip: To type a prime symbol - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 513
App" "Home", "Y= Editor", "Window Editor", "Graph", "Table", "Data/Matrix Editor", "Program Editor", "Text Editor", "Numeric Solver", "Flash App" "1", "2" "Function", "Parametric", "Polar", "Sequence", "3D", "Diff Equations" "1:1", "1:2", "2:1" (TI-92 Plus only) "Auto", "Exact", "Approximate" "Dec - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 514
built-in units only, not user-defined units.) Any category not specified will use its previous custom unit. All unit names must begin with an underscore _. TI-89: ¥ TI-92 Plus: 2 You can also select units from a menu by pressing: TI-89: 2 9 TI-92 Plus: ¥ À setUnits({"SI"}) ¸ {"SI" "Area" "NONE - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 515
: Displays the Graph screen, graphs expr1 and expr2, and shades areas in which expr1 is less than expr2. (expr1 and expr2 must be expressions that use x instruction. Shade is not valid in 3D graphing mode. TI-89: " TI-92 Plus: ¥ " ClrDraw ¸ Done Shade cos(x),sin(x),0,5,2 ¸ TI-89: " TI-92 Plus - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 516
right shift: Important: To enter a binary or hexadecimal number, always use the 0b or 0h prefix (zero, not the letter O). Each bit 1. produces: Dropped 0b00000000000000111101011000011010 The result is displayed according to the Base mode. Leading zeros Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 499 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 517
ShowStat CATALOG ShowStat Displays a dialog box containing the last computed statistics results if they are still valid. Statistics results are cleared automatically if the data to compute them has changed. Use this instruction after a statistics calculation, such as LinReg. {1,2,3,4,5}! L1 ¸ {1 2 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 518
second system, x=ë 7 and y=9/2. sin( ) TI-89: 2 W key TI-92 Plus: W key sin(expression1) ⇒ expression In Degree angle ‡3 2 1} current angle mode. You can use ó or ô to override the angle mode setting calculating the sine of each element. For information about the calculation Instructions 501 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 519
squareMatrix1. This is not the same as calculating the inverse sine of each element. For information about the calculation method, refer to cos(). squareMatrix1 must be .12..047465130......... 2.155... .926... ë 1.528... 1.158... .112... .572... 502 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 520
period] [, list3, list4] ] Calculates the sinusoidal regression and updates all . list4 represents category include list. In function graphing mode: seq(x,x,1,361,30)! L1 ¸ {1 will be attempted. If omitted, 8 is used. Typically, larger values result in better accuracy and Instructions 503 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 521
occur in the equation or inequality. When you find a solution in one interval, you can use the inequality operators to exclude that interval from subsequent searches. false is returned when no real real number For example, x is valid and so is x=3. 504 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 522
solve() uses the crosses the positive x-axis. Use solve() to find the . The suffix resets to 1 when you use ClrHome or ƒ 8:Clear Home. solve(x^2+y^2=r^2 the solution variables, solve() uses Gaussian elimination to attempt to determines at most one solution using an approximate iterative method. To - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 523
[r q f]. vector must be of dimension 3 and can be either a row or a column vector. Note: 4Sphere is a display-format instruction, not a conversion function. You can use it only at the end of an entry line. [1,2,3]4Sphere ¥ ¸ [3.741... 1.107... .640...] [2,pà4,3]4Sphere ¥ ¸ [3.605... .785 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 524
are saved for both graphs in 2-Graph mode. Stop CATALOG Stop Used as a program instruction to stop program execution. Program segment: © For i,1,10,1 If i=5 Stop EndFor © StoPic CATALOG StoPic picVar [, pxlRow, pxlCol] [, width, height] Displays the graph screen and copies a rectangular - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 525
the system graphing function equanum in the current graph mode to use the graphing property stylePropertyString. that in parametric graphing, only the xt half of the pair contains the style information. Valid style names vs. graphing mode: Function: 21 508 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 526
active window number. integer1 is ignored if the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus is not displaying a split screen. T (transpose) MATH/ 3 6 9 [a,b;c,d]! mat2 ¸ [ac bd] mat2î ¸ [ab cd] [1+i,2+i;3+i,4+i]! mat3 ¸ 1+i 2+i [3+i 4+i] mat3î ¸ 1ì i 3ì i [2ì i 4ì i] Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 509 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 527
this instruction are: Function graphing: Table expr, x Parametric graphing: Table xExpr, yExpr, t Polar graphing: Table expr, q Note: The Table command is not valid for 3D, sequence, or diff equations graphing. As an alternative, you may want to use BldData. tan( ) TI-89: 2 Y key TI-92 Plus - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 528
tanê () TI-89: ¥ S key TI-92 Plus: 2 S key tanê (expression1) ⇒ expression In Degree the same as calculating the hyperbolic tangent of each element. For information about the calculation method, refer to ¸ {ˆ .518... ì 1.570...ø i ln2(2)ì p 2ø i} Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 511 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 529
the same as calculating the inverse hyperbolic tangent of each element. For information about the calculation method, refer order, or if it would require negative or fractional exponents. Use substitution and/or temporary multiplication by a power of (var 512 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 530
string promptString dialog box. Text "Have a nice day." ¸ Done If used as part of a Dialog...EndDlog block, promptString is displayed inside that dialog box. If used as a standalone instruction, Text creates a dialog box to display the string. Then See If, page 456. Title CATALOG Title - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 531
example, a 100_¡C range (from 0_¡C to 100_¡C) is equivalent to a 180_¡F range: 100_¡C 0 100 _¡C _¡F 32 212 180_¡F To convert a particular temperature value instead of a range, use tmpCnv(). TI-89: 2 9 TI-92 Plus: ¥ À 514 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 532
also have a label if it does not have an item. Note: When run in a program, this segment creates a menu with three choices that branch to three places in the program. Trace CATALOG Trace Draws a Smart Graph and places the trace cursor on the first defined Y= function at the previously defined - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 533
list5]] Calculates the TwoVar var2] [, var3] ... Moves the specified variables from the user data archive memory to RAM. You can access an archived variable var3]... Unlocks the specified variables. Note: The variables can be locked using the Lock command. 516 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 534
. Use an undef falseResult to define an expression that graphs only on an interval. when(x - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 535
TI-89: " TI-92 Plus: ¥ " ClrGraph ¸ Done Graph when(x - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 536
or. XorPic CATALOG XorPic picVar[, row] [, column] Displays the picture stored in picVar on the current Graph screen. Uses xor logic for each pixel. Only those pixel positions that are exclusive to either the screen or the picture are turned on. This instruction turns off pixels that are turned on - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 537
might contain arbitrary constants in the form @k, where k is an integer suffix from 1 through 255. The suffix resets to 1 when you use ClrHome or ƒ 8:Clear Home. zeros({x^2+y^2ì r^2, (xì r)^2+y^2ì r^2},{x,y,z}) ¸ r 2 3ør 2 @1 r 2 ë 3ør 2 @1 520 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 538
is one; otherwise, it starts at 0.0. Use guesses to seek additional zeros one by one. For convergence, a guess may have to be rather close to a zero. zeros({e^(z)ù yì 1,ë yì sin(z)}, {y,z=2p}) ¸ [.001... 6.281...] ZoomBox CATALOG ZoomBox Displays the Graph screen, lets you draw a box that defines - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 539
¸ ZoomDec CATALOG ZoomDec Adjusts the viewing window so that @x and @y = 0.1 and displays the Graph screen with the origin centered on the screen. In function graphing mode: 1.25xù cos(x)! y1(x) ¸ ZoomStd ¸ Done TI-89: " TI-92 Plus: ¥ " ZoomDec ¸ 522 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 540
CATALOG ZoomFit Displays the Graph screen, and calculates the necessary window dimensions for the dependent variables to view all the picture for the current independent variable settings. In function graphing mode: 1.25xù cos(x)! y1(x) ¸ ZoomStd ¸ Done TI-89: " TI-92 Plus: ¥ " ZoomFit ¸ ZoomIn - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 541
window with the settings in use before the last zoom. ZoomRcl CATALOG ZoomRcl Displays the Graph screen, and updates the viewing window using the settings stored with the ZoomSto instruction. ZoomSqr CATALOG ZoomSqr In function graphing mode: Displays the Graph screen, adjusts the x or y window - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 542
Displays the Graph screen, sets @x to p/24, and xscl to p/2, centers the origin, sets the y settings to [ë 4, 4, .5], and updates the viewing window. In function graphing mode: 1.25xù cos(x)! y1(x) ¸ ZoomStd ¸ Done Done TI-89: " TI-92 Plus: ¥ " ZoomTrig ¸ Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 543
element on the diagonal of matrix1. matrix1 must be square. 20+[1,2;3,4] ¸ [231 224] Note: Use .+ (dot plus) to add an expression to each element. ì (subtract) | key expression1 - expression2 ⇒ expression ,15,20} ¸ {10,15,20}ì 15 ¸ {5 0 -5} {-5 0 5} 526 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 544
matrix of expression times the identity matrix subtracted from matrix1. matrix1 must be square. Note: Use .. (dot minus) to subtract an expression from each element. ù (multiply) p {1.0,2,3}/{4,5,6} ¸ {.25 2/5 1/2} Dimensions of the lists must be equal. Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 527 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 545
aø1 b} matrix1 à expression ⇒ matrix Returns a matrix containing the quotients of matrix1àexpression. Note: Use . / (dot divide) to divide an expression by each element. ë (negate) · key matrix, returns a list or matrix with each element divided by 100. 528 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 546
For lists and matrices, returns comparisons element by element. Example function listing using math test symbols :g(x) :Func :If xë 5 Then : Return 5 : ElseIf x>ë 5 and x - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 547
or equal to expression2. Anything else returns a simplified form of the equation. For lists and matrices, returns comparisons element by element. ≥ ¹ ¶ key expression1 ≥ expression2 ⇒ Boolean expression list1 of expression and each element in matrix1. 530 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 548
in matrix1 is the exponent for expression. ! (factorial) TI-89: ¥ e key TI-92 Plus: 2 W key expression1! ⇒ expression list1! ⇒ list [1,2;3,4]! ¸ 120 {120 24 6} [16 224] The TI-89 computes a numeric value for only non-negative whole-number values. Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 531 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 549
& (append) TI-89: ¥ p key TI-92 Plus: 2 H key string1 & string2 ⇒ string Returns a text string tmp(x) ¸ ClrGraph:Graph tmp(x):Graph 1/(2ì cos(x)):Graph ‡(3) (2tanê (‡(3)(tan the Exact/Approx mode, numerical integration is used where applicable when an anti-derivative or a Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 550
¸ nø (n + 1)ø (2ø n + 1) 6 G (expression1, var, low, lowì 1) ⇒ 0 G (expression1, var, low, high) ⇒ ë G ( expression1, var, high+1, lowì 1) if high < lowì 1 pñ G(1/n^2,n,1,ˆ) ¸ 6 G(k,k,4,3) ¸ 0 G(k,k,4,1) ¸ ë5 G(k,k,4,1)+G(k,k,2,4) ¸ 4 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 533 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 551
have reduced exponents with odd denominators use the real branch versus the principal program using strings. Program segment: © :Request "Enter Your Name",str1 :NewFold #str1 © © :For i,1,5,1 : ClrGraph : Graph iù x : StoPic #("pic" & string(i)) :EndFor © 534 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 552
¸ 2 cos({0ô,(p/12)ô,ë pô }) ¸ ( 3+1)ø 2 {1 4 ë 1} Hint: Use ô if you want to force radians in a function or program definition regardless of the mode that prevails when the function or 3iì (10p/4) ¸ 5ì 5ø 2+(3ì 5ø 2)øi ¥¸ ë 2.071...ì 4.071...øi Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 535 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 553
2 Ž. unit names must begin with an underscore. You can use pre-defined units or create your own units. For a list of pre-defined units, refer to the chapter about constants and measurement units in this book. You can press: TI-89: 2 9 TI-92 Plus: ¥ À to select units from a menu, or you can type - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 554
units directly, press: TI-89: ¥ TI-92 Plus: 2 Note: The 4 conversion operator does not handle temperature units. Use tmpCnv() and @tmpCnv same as calculating 10 raised to the power of each element. For information about the calculation method, 4.468...E6 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions 537 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 555
squareMatrix Returns the inverse of squareMatrix1. [1,2;3,4]^ë 1 ¸ [1,2;a,4]^ë 1 ¸ squareMatrix1 must be a non-singular square matrix. | ("with") TI-89: Í key TI-92 Plus: 2 Í key expression | Boolean expression1 [and Boolean expression2]...[and Boolean expressionN] The "with" (|) symbol serves - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 556
be used to annotate program instructions. ¦ can be at the beginning or anywhere in the line. Everything to the right of ¦, to the end of the line, is the comment. © :¦ Get 10 points from the Graph screen :For i,1,10 ¦ This loops 10 times © 0b, 0h TI-89: µ j [B] keys TI-92 Plus: µ B keys TI-89 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 557
540 Appendix A: Functions and Instructions - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 558
certain TI-89 / TI-92 Plus operations are calculated. For additional information, refer to Appendix C. For example, if you have difficulty operating the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus, Appendix C contains an "In Case of Difficulty" section that gives suggestions that may help you correct the problem. Appendix - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 559
TI-89 / TI-92 Plus Error Messages This section lists error messages that may be displayed when input or internal errors are encountered. The number to the left of each error message represents an internal error number that is not displayed. If the error occurs inside a Try...EndTry block, the error - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 560
software (base code). 170 Bound For the interactive graph math functions like 2:Zero, the lower bound must be less than the upper bound to define the search interval. 180 Break The ´ key was pressed during a long calculation or during program because the matrices contain a different number of - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 561
or 3-element list or matrix 307 Flash application extension (function or program) not found 308 Flash application not found 310 First argument of An attempt was made in the VAR-LINK menu to store a variable in a folder that does not exist. 335 Graph functions y1(x)...y99(x) not available in Diff - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 562
in a function or current expression Only certain commands are valid in a user-defined function. Entries that are made in the Window Editor, Table Editor, or program A number of commands are not valid outside a program or a function. For example, Local cannot be used unless it is in a program or - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 563
title. 600 Invalid table 605 Invalid use of units 610 Invalid variable name connecting cable is connected firmly to both units. 665 Matrix not diagonalizable 670 Memory 673 The calculation required more memory than was available at that time. If you get this error when you run a large program - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 564
not a function or program 765 No functions selected 780 No solution found Using the interactive math features (F5:Math) in the Graph application can give this Please delete unneeded variables on the Var-Link screen and re-open editor as current OR re-open editor and use F1 8 to clear editor. This - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 565
990 1000 1010 Program not found A program reference inside another program could not be found used for 1st-order equations only Stat Syntax The structure of the entry is incorrect. For example, x+ì y (x plus minus y) is invalid; whereas, x+ë y (x plus software or Flash application Variable in use - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 566
Error Number Description Warning: ˆ^0 or undef^0 replaced by 1 Warning: 0^0 replaced by 1 Warning: 1^ˆ or 1^undef replaced by 1 Warning: cSolve may specify more zeros Warning: May produce false equation Warning: Expected finite real integrand Warning: May not be fully simplified Warning: More - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 567
of variables, graph databases, programs, etc. 1:main 2: - (custom folders) Default folder included with the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus. Other folders are available only if they have been created by a user. Selects the number of digits. These decimal settings affect only how results are displayed-you can - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 568
×103 Note: If you select NORMAL, but the answer cannot be displayed in the number of digits selected by Display Digits, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus displays the answer in SCIENTIFIC notation. If Display Digits = FLOAT, scientific notation will be used for exponents of 12 or more and exponents of ì4 or - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 569
other. To determine what and how information is displayed on a split screen, use this mode in conjunction with other modes such as Split 1 App, Split 2 App, Number of Graphs, and Split Screen Ratio. (Split Screen Ratio is available on the TI-92 Plus only.) 552 Appendix B: Reference Information - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 570
fractional and symbolic expressions are calculated and displayed. By retaining rational and symbolic forms in the EXACT setting, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus increases precision by eliminating most numeric rounding errors. 1:AUTO Uses EXACT setting in most cases. However, uses APPROXIMATE if the entry - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 571
calculations by entering numbers in decimal, binary, or hexadecimal form. 1:DEC 2:HEX 3:BIN Decimal numbers use 0 - 9 in the base 10 format Hexadecimal numbers use 0 - 9 and A - F in the base 16 format. Binary numbers use . Lets you localize the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus into one of several languages - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 572
TI-89 / TI-92 Plus Character Codes The char() function lets you refer to any character by its numeric character code. For example, to display 2 on the Program I/O screen, use Disp char(127). You can use ord() to find the numeric code of a character. For example, ord("A") returns 65. 1. SOH 2. STX - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 573
TI-89 Key Codes The getKey() function returns a value that corresponds to the last key pressed, according to the tables shown in this section. For example, if your program 273 Y= 8460 F2 269 F7 274 WINDOW 8461 F3 270 F8 275 GRAPH 8462 F4 271 F4 271 TblSet 8463 F5 272 F5 272 TABLE - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 574
Assoc. Value ENTRY 4109 APPROX 8205 RCL 4354 @ 64 ' 39 ƒ 157 ∠ 159 SYMB 8341 ANS 4372 8365 > 62 , 158 < 60 156 " 34 8241 \ 92 8242 UNITS 4147 8243 : 58 8244 MATH 4149 8245 MEM 4150 8246 ∫ 4151 d 4152 8247 8248 ; 59 8249 j Assoc. CR Value 13 p 112 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 575
Table 3: Greek Letters (prefixed by ¥ c) Keys Á [A] c [B] b [D] e [E] Í [F] m [G] y [L] z [M] § [P] © [R] ª [S] Ü [T] ¶ [W] Ù Ú Û Second modifier j ¤ Assoc. Value Assoc. Value α 128 β 129 δ 133 ∆ 132 ε 134 φ 145 γ 131 Γ 130 λ 137 µ 181 π 140 Π 139 ρ 141 σ 143 Σ 142 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 576
TI-92 Plus Key Codes The getKey() function returns a value that corresponds to the last key pressed, according to the tables shown in this section. For example, if your program contains a getKey() function, pressing 2 ƒ will return a value of 268. Key 3 M x N O ¸ W X Y Z c d b e p | « § SPACE Á - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 577
UNITS 8272 Q q 113 Q 81 ? 63 HOME 8273 R r 114 R 82 @ 64 GRAPH 8274 S s 115 S 83 β 223 SAVE 8275 T t 116 T 84 # 35 TblSet Y= 8279 X x 120 X 88 ¦ 169 CUT 8280 Y y 121 Y 89 4 18 TABLE 8281 Z z 122 Z 90 Caps Lock 8282 560 Appendix B: Reference - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 578
Table 2: Arrow Keys Arrow Keys C E B F D G A H Normal 338 342 340 348 344 345 337 339 ¤ 16722 16726 16724 16732 16728 16729 16721 16723 2 4434 4438 4436 4444 4440 4441 4433 4435 ¥ 8530 8534 8532 8540 8536 8537 8529 8531 Note: The Grab (,)modifier only affects the arrow keys. , 33106 33110 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 579
Table 6: Greek Letters (prefixed by 2 G) Key Assoc. Normal ¤ A α 128 B β 129 D δ 133 132 E ε 134 F φ 145 G γ 131 130 L λ 137 M µ 181 P π 140 139 R ρ 141 S σ 143 142 T τ 144 W ω 148 147 X ξ 138 Y ψ 146 Z ζ 135 Table 7: Tilde Letters (prefixed - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 580
ÀL1 . a Expressed as a+bi, rei q , or (rq) r b θ Real As shown below, the form that you can enter depends on the current Angle mode. You can use the form: a+bi r ei q (rq) When the Angle mode setting is: Radian or Degree Radian only (In Degree angle mode, this form causes a Domain error - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 581
names for r and q, where q is interpreted according to the Angle mode setting. TI.89: j [R] ¥ s 2 ) ¥ Ï d - or - c j [R] 2 ' ¥ Ï d TI.92 Plus: R 2s2)Ïd - or - cR 2'Ïd For example: Complex Format Mode for Displaying Results Use 3 to set the Complex Format mode to one of three settings. Results are - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 582
Numbers and Degree Mode Note: If you use Degree angle mode, you must make polar entries in the form (rq). In Degree angle mode, an r e i q entry causes an error. Radian angle mode is recommended for complex number calculations. Internally, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus converts all entered trig values to - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 583
Accuracy Information To maximize accuracy, the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus carries more digits internally than it displays. Computational Accuracy Floating-point (decimal) values in memory are stored using up to 14 digits with a 3-digit exponent. ¦ For min and max Window variables (xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax, - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 584
variables and reserved function names that are used by the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus. Only those system variables and reserved function names that are identified by an asterisk (*) can be deleted by using DelVar var on the entry line. Graph Graph Zoom Statistics Table Data/Matrix Miscellaneous Solver - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 585
be the same within an expression or equation. If not, an error message is displayed that indicates the missing element. For example, (1+2)/(3+4 will display the error message "Missing )." Note: Because the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus allows you to define your own functions, a variable name followed by an - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 586
xyz. Indirection also allows the creation and modification of variables from inside a program. For example, if 10!r and "r"!s1, then #s1=10. Post . For example, the result of ëx2 is a negative number, and ë92 =ë81. Use parentheses to square a negative number such as (ë9)2 to produce 81. Note also - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 587
Regression Formulas This section describes how the statistical regressions are calculated. Least-Squares Algorithm Regressions Most of the regressions use non-linear recursive least-squares techniques to optimize the following cost function, which is the sum of the squares of the residual errors: - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 588
algorithm and transformed values ln(x) and y to fit the model equation: y=a+b ln(x) Uses the least-squares algorithm to fit the model equation: y=a/(1+b*e^(c*x))+d Uses the median-median line (resistant line) technique to calculate summary points x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, and y3, and fits the model - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 589
at each of the four E corners (also called vertices or grid points) and an average value (E) is calculated: z1 + z2 + z3 + z4 E = 4 z2 =f(x1 ,y2 ) z4 =f(x2 ,y2 interpolation is used to approximate where the zero crosses the line. ¦ Within the rectangle, any zero crossings are connected with - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 590
York: Chapman & Hall, 1994). The TI-89 / TI-92 Plus software does not adjust the step size to land on particular output points. Rather, it takes the biggest steps that it can (based on the error tolerance diftol) and obtains results for xn x xn+1 using the cubic interpolating polynomial passing - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 591
574 Appendix B: Reference Information - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 592
appendix provides supplemental information that may be helpful as you use the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus. It includes procedures that may help you correct problems with the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus, and it describes the service and warranty provided by Texas Instruments. BATT indicator When the BATT indicator - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 593
TI-89 uses four AAA size alkaline batteries. The TI-92 Plus uses four AA size alkaline batteries. As the alkaline batteries run down, the display will begin to dim (especially during calculations of used batteries immediately. ¦ Do not incinerate or dismantle batteries. 576 Appendix C: Service and - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 594
in the TI-89 1. If the TI-89 is on, turn it off (press 2 ®) to avoid loss of information stored in memory. 2. Slide the protective cover over the keyboard. 3. Holding the calculator upright, push (+) side up. Replace the cover and the screw. Appendix C: Service and Warranty Information 577 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 595
cover, and slide the latch on the top of the TI-92 Plus to the locked position to lock the cover back in place. 6. Turn the TI-92 Plus on, and adjust the display contrast, if necessary. Replacing the Lithium Battery in the TI-92 Plus To replace the lithium backup battery, remove the back cover - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 596
contrast. Replace the batteries. If BATT is displayed in reverse text ( ), replace the batteries as soon as possible. A calculation is in progress. If you want to stop the calculation, press ´. A graph or program is paused and the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus is waiting for input; press ¸. Refer to Appendix - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 597
, Mexico, Puerto Rico, and Virgin Islands only education.ti.com Phone: 1.972.917.8324 Customers in the U.S., Canada, Mexico, Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands: Always contact Texas Instruments Customer Support before returning a product for service. All other customers: Refer to the leaflet enclosed - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 598
concerning the warranty for your TI-89 / TI-92 Plus. One-Year Limited Warranty for Commercial Electronic Product This Texas Instruments ("TI") electronic product warranty extends only to the original purchaser and user of the product. Warranty Duration. This TI electronic product is warranted to - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 599
the original purchase date. Warranty Coverage. This Texas Instruments electronic product is warranted against defective materials and construction. This warranty is void if the product has been damaged by accident or unreasonable use, neglect, improper service, or other causes not arising out of - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 600
for these strings. The following examples show how to substitute digits in the setMode( ) function. Example 1: A program using alpha parameter/mode strings: setMode("Graph","Sequence") Example 2: The same program, substituting digits for those strings: setMode("1","4") Appendix D: Programmer - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 601
/Mode Setting ALL Graph FUNCTION PARAMETRIC POLAR SEQUENCE 3D DIFF EQUATIONS DisplayDigits FIX 0 FIX 1 FIX 2 FIX 3 FIX 4 FIX 5 FIX 6 FIX 7 FIX 8 FIX 9 FIX 10 FIX 11 FIX 12 FLOAT FLOAT 1 FLOAT 2 FLOAT 3 FLOAT 4 FLOAT 5 FLOAT 6 FLOAT 7 FLOAT 8 FLOAT 9 584 Appendix D: Programmer's Guide Strings - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 602
12 Angle RADIAN DEGREE Exponential Format NORMAL SCIENTIFIC ENGINEERING Complex Format REAL RECTANGULAR POLAR Vector Format FULL TOP-BOTTOM LEFT-RIGHT Split1App (applications are not numbered) Split2App (applications are not numbered) Number of Graphs 1 2 Strings 24 25 26 3 1 2 4 1 2 3 5 1 2 3 6 1 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 603
Parameter/Mode Setting Graph 2 FUNCTION PARAMETRIC POLAR SEQUENCE 3D DIFF_EQUATIONS Split Screen Ratio 1:1 1:2 2:1 Exact/Approx AUTO EXACT APPROXIMATE Base DEC HEX BIN Strings 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 13 1 2 3 14 1 2 3 15 1 2 3 586 Appendix D: Programmer's Guide - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 604
RECT POLAR OFF Graph Order SEQ SIMUL Grid OFF ON Axes In 3D Mode: OFF AXES BOX Not in 3D Mode: OFF ON Leading Cursor OFF ON Labels OFF ON Seq Axes TIME WEB Custom Solution Method RK EULER Strings 1 1 2 3 2 1 2 3 1 2 4 1 2 3 1 2 5 1 2 6 1 1 7 1 2 3 8 1 2 Appendix D: Programmer's Guide 587 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 605
Parameter/Mode Setting Fields SLPFLD DIRFLD FLDOFF DE Axes TIME Y1-VS-Y2 T-VS-Y' Y-VS-Y' Y1-VS-Y2' Y1'-VS-Y2' XR Style WIRE FRAME HIDDEN SRUFACE CONTOUR LEVELS WIRE AND CONTOUR IMPLICIT PLOT Strings 9 1 2 3 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 11 1 2 3 4 5 588 Appendix D: Programmer's Guide - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 606
setTable( ) Parameter/Mode Setting Graph Table OFF ON Independent AUTO ASK Axes Strings 1 1 2 2 1 2 4 Appendix D: Programmer's Guide 589 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 607
590 Appendix D: Programmer's Guide - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 608
Symbols í, exponent, 441 4Bin, display as binary, 345, 417 4Cylind, display as cylindrical vector, 429 4DD, display as decimal angle, 432 4Dec, display as decimal integer, 345, 432 4DMS, display as degree/minute/second, 438 ‰f(x)dx (graph math tool), 122, 124 4Hex, display as hexadecimal, 345, 456 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 609
54, 576, 577, 578, 579 binary display, 4Bin, 345, 417 indicator, 0b, 539 Calculator-Based Laboratory. See CBL 2/CBL Calculator-Based Ranger. See CBR calculus operations, 410 CATALOG menu, 44 CBL 2/CBL activity, 399 get/return, Get, 451 programs error, ClrErr, 310, 420 graph, ClrGraph, 205, 305, 340 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 610
92, 83 predefined, 89, 90, 91 contour plots, 167, 168, 169 DrwCtour, draw contour, 168 contour-level graphing , 237 - 252. See also matrices Auto-calculate, 249 cell width, 245 column 433 degree notation, ó, 400, 535, 536 degree/minute/second display, 4DMS, 438 deleting folder, DelFold, 102, 289, 434 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 611
troubleshooting, 197 diftol window variable, 182 dim( ), dimension, 293, 437 DIRFLD, direction field, 180, 185, 198 Disp, display I/O screen, 277, 283, 302, 310, 437, 555 DispG, display graph, 302, 305, 438 DispHome, display Home screen, 302, 438 display graph EndLoop, 299, 466 program, EndPrgm, 276, - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 612
568 equations, solving, 333 - 341 errors and troubleshooting, 579, 580 Circular definition, 289 clear error, graphing, 128, 400 path of a ball, 128 piecewise functions, 202 polar rose, 134 pole-corner problem, 384 population, 254 - 257 preditor-prey model, 150, 191 prime factors, 8 programming - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 613
transmitting, 367, 368 VAR-LINK, 102, 356, 357, graphing, 105 - 126 maximum, fMax( ), 61, 75, 448 minimum, fMin( ), 61, 75, 449 multistatement, 207 off, FnOff, 111, 305, 449 on, FnOn, 111, 305, 449 part, fpart( ), 451 program function, Func, 207, 286, 451 user , get/return calculator, 309, 371 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 614
piecewise functions, 206 pixels, 566 polar, 133 - 138 programs, 305 QuickCenter, 118 recall graph database, RclGDB, 306, 488 selecting functions, 111, 131 front cover, inside back cover Grid graph format, 114 GUI, graphical user interface, 302 H hexadecimal display, 4Hex, 345, 456 indicator, 0h - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 615
299, 459 Labels graph format, 114 linking and transmitting, 365 - 381, 494 calculator to calculator program, 309, 371 send chat, SendChat, 309, 371 send list variable, Send, 309, 494 send to calculator matrices. See also data/matrix editor augment/concatenate, augment( ), 388, 417 Auto-calculate - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 616
34, 37, 303, 304 Extract, 71 MATH, 34, 122 toolbar, 34, 37 Trig, 71 using, 34 messages. See also errors and troubleshooting BATT, 54, 576, 579 false, 80 Garbage collection, 362, 363 insufficient display memory, , 103 true, 80 undef (undefined), 80 mid( ), mid-string, 293, 468 min( ), minimum - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 617
new picture, 289, 306, 471 NewPlot, new plot, 266, 305, 472 NewProb, new problem, 43, 472 nInt( ), numeric integral, 75, 472 nmax window variable, 143, 144 , nSolve( ), 70, 474 numeric solver, 333 - 341 equations, 335, 336 graphing, 340 split screens, 340 variables, 336 O on/off, 4, 7, 14. inside - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 618
41, 552 previews. See examples, previews, activities Prgm, execute program, 276, 287, 481 prime number test, isPrime( ), 459 prime numbers, 8 prime, ', 536 problems (new), NewProb, 43, 472 problems in operation. See errors and troubleshooting product code, upgrading, 373, 374 product ID, 55 product - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 619
graph database, RclGDB, 220, 306, 488 picture, RclPic, 306, 489 reciprocal, xê, 538 rectangular x coordinate, P4Rx( ), 476 rectangular y coordinate, P4Ry( ), 476 rectangular-vector display 193, 573 S sampling activity, 407 Scatter plots, 266 scientific notation, 25 scripts, 94, 328, 329 activity, 392 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 620
graphing, 139 - 151 serial number, 55 service information, 580 set folder, setFold( ), 101, 300, 495 graph , 197 Smart Graph, 115 software version, 55 Solution Method graph format, 180 solution , 324, 325 spherical vector display, 4Sphere, 506 Split App Box Plot, 266 Calculation Type, 259, 261 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 621
, 155, 166 WIRE AND CONTOUR, 155, 166 WIRE FRAME, 155, 166 TI Connect/TI-GRAPH LINK, 322, 323, 374 time value of money activity, 405 TIME, time plots defaults, 87, 89 displaying, 87 get/return, getUnits( ), 454 measurement, 81 - 92 modes, 42, 82, 554 setting, setUnits( ), 300, 497 user-defined, 88 - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 622
205, 207, 285, 286, 433 user-defined units, 88 V Value (graph math tool), 122, 123, 132, , solving for, 337, 339 unlocking, Unlock, 289 VAR-LINK, 102, 355, 356, 357, 358, 361 variance( 552 vectors cross product, crossP( ), 425 cylindrical vector display, 4Cylind, 429 dot product, dotP( ), 439 unit - Texas Instruments TI-92 | Owners Manual - Page 623
, 158, 182, 566 ymin window variable, 113, 131, 137, 143, 144, 158, 182, 566 yscl window variable, 113, 131, 137, 143, 144, 182, 566 Z Zero (graph math tool), 122, 123 zeroes activity, 402 zeroes( ), zeroes, 61, 70, 74, 384, 519 zmax window variable, 158 zmin window variable, 158 zoom box, ZoomBox
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 |
 |
TI-89
TI-92 Plus
Guidebook
for Advanced Mathematics
Software Version 2.0
© 1999
-2002
Texas Instruments