1997 Toyota Tacoma Owners Manual - Page 138

S The trailer cargo load should be distributed so that the tongue load is 9 to 11% of the total trailer weight, not exceeding 158 kg (350 lb.). However, if towing with a fifth wheel trailer, the cargo load must be distributed so that the tongueload is 19 to 21 % of the total trailer weight. Never load the trailer with more weight in the back than in the front. About 60 % of the trailer load should be in the front half of the trailer and the remaining 40 % in the rear. HITCHES S Use only a weight carrying hitch designed for the total trailer weight. Toyota does not recommend using a weight distribution (load equalizing) hitch. S The hitch must be bolted securely to the vehicle frame and installed according to the hitch manufacturer's instructions. S If using a fifth wheel hitch, the center of the king pin must be forward of the axis of the vehicle's rear wheels, and installed according to the manufacturer's instructions. S The hitch ball and king pin should have a light coat of grease. S Toyota recommends that the trailer hitch, except fifth wheel hitch, be removed when not towing to prevent injury and/or damage by the hitch in event of a rear end collision. After removing the hitch, the installation area should be sealed to prevent entry of exhaust fumes and mud. NOTICE Do not use an axle-mounting hitch as it may cause damage to the axle housing, wheel bearings, wheels and/ or tires. BRAKES AND SAFETY CHAINS S Toyota recommends trailers with brakes that conform to any applicable federal and state/provincial regulations. S A safety chain must always be used between the towing vehicle and the trailer. Leave sufficient slack in the chain for turns. The chain should cross under the trailer tongue to prevent the tongue from dropping to the ground in case it becomes damaged or separated. For correct safety chain procedures, follow the hitch or trailer manufacturer's recommendations. ! CAUTION S If the total trailer weight exceeds 453 kg (1000 lb.), trailer brakes are required. S Never tap into your vehicle's hydraulic system as it would lower its braking effectiveness. 133