Compaq DL360 Serial Attached SCSI storage technology, 2nd Edition
Compaq DL360 - ProLiant - Photon Manual
UPC - 720591252670
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- Compaq DL360 | Serial Attached SCSI storage technology, 2nd Edition - Page 1
Initiators ...4 Expanders ...4 Targets ...4 Differential signaling ...5 SAS protocol evolution ...6 SAS-1 ...6 SAS-2 ...6 SAS-2.1 ...6 Active cables ...6 Storage power management...7 SAS/SATA interoperability ...8 Cabling and connectors ...9 Mini SAS 4x cable connectors and receptacles 9 Mini SAS - Compaq DL360 | Serial Attached SCSI storage technology, 2nd Edition - Page 2
without developing new and expensive technologies. In 2001, HP (Compaq), IBM, LSI Logic, Maxtor, and Seagate founded The SAS architecture solves the parallel SCSI problems of bus contention, clock skew, and with one another by means of a service delivery subsystem SAS drives that provide maximum - Compaq DL360 | Serial Attached SCSI storage technology, 2nd Edition - Page 3
link Wide port Zone group Zoned portion of a service delivery subsystem (ZPSDS) International Organization for Standardization/ Entry level drives, making them better suited for use in multi-drive configurations. The mechanism that contains a transceiver which electrically interfaces to a physical - Compaq DL360 | Serial Attached SCSI storage technology, 2nd Edition - Page 4
SAS domain (Figure 1). Each SAS device has a unique worldwide name (SAS address) assigned at manufacturing to simplify its identification in a domain Initiators SAS initiators have multiple ports for connection to internal and/or external targets. Each initiator port can have a single physical link - Compaq DL360 | Serial Attached SCSI storage technology, 2nd Edition - Page 5
Differential signaling All SAS devices have connection points called ports. One or more transceiver mechanisms, called phys, are located in the port of each SAS device. A physical link, consisting of two wire pairs, connects the transmitter of each phy in one device's port to the receiver of a phy - Compaq DL360 | Serial Attached SCSI storage technology, 2nd Edition - Page 6
them with self-configuring expanders. SAS-2 devices determine their mutually supported SAS speed(s), and other define active cables, storage power management, and additional To help reduce cable weight, improve cable management, of signal distortion. The drivers and repeaters reduce the signal - Compaq DL360 | Serial Attached SCSI storage technology, 2nd Edition - Page 7
drive. Future SAS and SATA disk drives will include more standardized power management features. Today's drives support the Active and Stopped states. The Stopped state is rarely used due to its long recovery time. Table 3. Power management state example for a 9-W SFF SAS drive State Active Idle - Compaq DL360 | Serial Attached SCSI storage technology, 2nd Edition - Page 8
advanced command queuing, and advanced verification/error correction, SAS is the ideal solution for mission-critical enterprise storage applications. SAS supports three protocols to handle communications with various devices: Serial Management Protocol (SMP) - manages the point-to-point topology of - Compaq DL360 | Serial Attached SCSI storage technology, 2nd Edition - Page 9
(Figure 5) are replacing SAS 4x connectors and receptacles in new designs. Mini SAS connectors contain ground pins that can be used for power in active cables. Figure 5. The internal Mini SAS 4i connector (left) and receptacle (right) are replacing SAS 4x connectors and receptacles. Figure - Compaq DL360 | Serial Attached SCSI storage technology, 2nd Edition - Page 10
Figure 7 shows the type and location of icons that identify the connectors that attach to an end device, an enclosure ―out‖ port, an enclosure ―in‖ port, and an enclosure universal port. Figure 7. External Mini SAS 4x cable connector icons identify compatible devices and ports. Cable connectors and - Compaq DL360 | Serial Attached SCSI storage technology, 2nd Edition - Page 11
systems incorporating SAS or SATA drives. Each drive has a point-to-point connection to the controller. The controller can support a maximum of eight drives. For internal configurations of this type, the external port is disabled if more than four drives are connected. Figure 9. Two internal ports - Compaq DL360 | Serial Attached SCSI storage technology, 2nd Edition - Page 12
10 shows an alternate internal topology for RAID systems using SAS or SATA drives. The full height HP Smart SAS Expander Card supports more than 8 internal hard disk drives on select ProLiant servers when connected to a Smart Array P410 Controller (SA-P410) or Smart Array P410i Controller (SA-P410i - Compaq DL360 | Serial Attached SCSI storage technology, 2nd Edition - Page 13
four lanes for a total maximum throughput of 2400 MB/s. The storage enclosure contains an internal 36port expander that supports cascading an additional enclosure in a 1+1 configuration containing up to 25 SFF SAS or SATA drives. Figure 11. The external port of the controller can connect - Compaq DL360 | Serial Attached SCSI storage technology, 2nd Edition - Page 14
between zone groups being controlled. A group of zoning-enabled expanders that cooperate to control access between phys is known as a zoned portion of a service delivery system (ZPSDS). There can be 128 or 256 zone groups numbered from 0 to 127 or 0 to 255, respectively. Zone groups 0 through 8 are - Compaq DL360 | Serial Attached SCSI storage technology, 2nd Edition - Page 15
manager can reprogram the zone group at the new location. Zoning is ideal for small topologies, server blade enclosures, and clustering applications. Zone management A zone manager is responsible for configuring each zone. As shown in Figure 14 (top), the zone manager can control a zone by using - Compaq DL360 | Serial Attached SCSI storage technology, 2nd Edition - Page 16
from or to the disk actually begins. The smaller platters of SFF SAS drives inherently yield lower seek times, which is an advantage in file servers with frequent random accesses. 16 - Compaq DL360 | Serial Attached SCSI storage technology, 2nd Edition - Page 17
in power consumption. Higher drive densities provide better overall performance, greater reliability, and lower operating costs. 1 For more information, refer to technology brief ―Performance factors for HP ProLiant Serial Attached Storage (SAS)‖ at http://h20000.www2.hp.com/bc/docs/support - Compaq DL360 | Serial Attached SCSI storage technology, 2nd Edition - Page 18
domain SAS configurations al/c01451157/c01451157.pdf Performance factors for HP ProLiant Serial Attached Storage (SAS) http://h20000.www2.hp.com/bc/docs/support/SupportManu al/c01460725/c01460725.pdf ProLiant storage papers and audio podcasts http://h18004.www1.hp.com/products/servers/technology
Abstract
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2
Transition from parallel to serial SCSI protocol
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2
SAS terminology
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2
SAS technology
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3
SAS devices
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3
Initiators
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4
Expanders
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4
Targets
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4
Differential signaling
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5
SAS protocol evolution
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6
SAS-1
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6
SAS-2
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6
SAS-2.1
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6
Active cables
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6
Storage power management
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7
SAS/SATA interoperability
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8
Cabling and connectors
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9
Mini SAS 4x cable connectors and receptacles
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9
Mini SAS 8x cable connectors
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11
SAS topologies
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11
Internal
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11
External
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13
Multi-node clusters
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14
Zoning
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14
SAS performance
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16
For more information
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18
Call to action
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18
Serial Attached SCSI storage technology
2nd Edition