Synology DS1522 Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1
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- Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 1
User Guide for Synology High Availability (SHA) Based on DSM 7.1 and Synology High Availability 2.1.2 1 - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 2
Environment 02 2.1 Supported models (as of January 2022) 2.2 System requirements 2.3 Limitations Chapter 3: Set Up and Configure an SHA Cluster 08 3.1 Connect the hosts 3.2 Create a cluster 3.3 Tests and simulations 3.4 Set up storage for SHA 3.5 Monitored services 3.6 Quorum server - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 3
in mind, users can rest assured that their services are constantly maintained, even in the event of sudden disaster. Those who wish to make full use of the support provided by Synology High Availability will benefit from the information in this User Guide. For information regarding SHA design and - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 4
17 series 16 series 15 series 14 series 13 series 12 series Supported models FS6400, FS3600, FS3400, FS3017, FS2500, FS2017, FS1018 SA3600, SA3400 DS3622xs+, DS2422+ RS4021xs+, RS3621xs+, RS3621RPxs, RS2821RP+, RS2421RP+, RS2421+, RS1221RP+, RS1221+, DS1821+, DS1621xs+, DS1621+ RS820RP+, RS820 - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 5
Availability (SHA), the active server and the passive server are referred to as "hosts". Models and versions • To create an SHA cluster, two Synology NAS (hosts) with support for SHA are required to act as the active and passive servers. • We recommend that the models of the two hosts are identical - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 6
. • When creating a hybrid high-availability cluster, if you receive an error message saying that the passive server does not support the volumes on the active server, refer to Chapter 3: Contact Customer Service in the Synology High Availability (SHA) Troubleshooting Guide to contact technical - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 7
Both hosts must be assigned static IP addresses for the Cluster connection. to subnet A via LAN 1. Note: NTP service will be automatically enabled on the active server Synology NAS using a specified network interface. If the connection passes through a switch, make sure that the switch also supports - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 8
connection will automatically enter "round-robin" mode to provide support for auto failover and load balancing. The bond will return Item Ports / Protocol Network Interface and Source IP Firewall rules (do not block) DSM port (5000 / 5001) Synology Assistant (1234) IMCP NTP (123) HA ( - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 9
Directory Server prior to cluster creation, refer to the Create a cluster with a Synology NAS in use section for instructions. USB device limitations SHA does not support switchover/failover for USB devices. Any services or applications provided by USB devices may not work properly after switchover - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 10
Chapter 3: Set Up and Configure an SHA Cluster Chapter 3: Set Up and Configure an SHA Cluster 3.1 Connect the hosts To achieve broader bandwidth for the cluster and Heartbeat connections, we recommend you to set up network interfaces as follows: • If you have four 1 GbE network interfaces available, - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 11
avoid service Synology NAS This section provides instructions on how to create a high-availability cluster using two new Synology NAS. For example, we will use two brand-new DS1621+ Synology IP addresses. To assign a static IP address, select the network interface, click Edit, select Use manual - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 12
Chapter 3: Set Up and Configure an SHA Cluster • Server B • Server name: NAS-B • LAN 1: DHCP IP address • LAN 2: Static IP address 10.17.196.13 4. On each server, go to the Package Center and install Synology High Availability. 5. Sign in on the host that you want to assume the role of the active - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 13
Chapter 3: Set Up and Configure an SHA Cluster 8. Read the content of the Before you start page carefully. After confirming that the configurations of your two servers meet the requirements, click Next. 9. If the recommended network configuration meets your needs, configure your network according to - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 14
IP address: 10.17.196.14 13. The wizard will check if your system meets the requirements. Click Next once the verification is complete. 14. Confirm your settings and click Done. 15. Tick the checkbox after reading the instructions you can access the data and services via the new cluster hostname and - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 15
Synology NAS. You can only see the cluster Hostname and cluster IP address after the cluster is created. • You can access shared folders and services via cluster Hostname or cluster IP Back up the storage pool. Refer to this article for instructions. b. Go to Storage Manager > Storage and select the - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 16
instructions. b. Go to the Package Center and uninstall Synology Directory Server. c. Create a high-availability cluster. d. Reinstall Synology Do not use the original Hostname or IP address of the active server to access your Synology NAS. If services are transferred to another server after a - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 17
the passive server. 5. Click Yes to open the cluster creation wizard. Services on the active server will continue during cluster creation. 6. Read the content settings and click Done. 11. Tick the checkbox after reading the instructions and click Yes. 12. The wizard will start creating the high- - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 18
If a problem occurs during the testing process that causes the cluster or a server to be removed, you can sign in to DSM again using the active server's IP address. Manual switchover and automatic failover A switchover can be manually triggered for system maintenance with little service interruption - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 19
-brain error. Since the testing process will affect the status of the cluster, we recommend you to do this when the cluster is not providing services. Enter Safe Mode (Split-brain Mode) 1. Go to Control Panel > Shared Folder to create a shared folder (Share1). Upload some test files (1.txt and 2.txt - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 20
(split-brain error), the High Availability cluster will enter Safe Mode. 7. After waiting some time, sign in to DSM (NAS-A) via one of the server's IP address. You will see that the high-availability cluster status displays Split-brain error. Notes: 1. If you do not see the split-brain error status - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 21
3: Set Up and Configure an SHA Cluster Solve the split-brain error 1. Sign in to DSM (NAS-A) via the cluster IP address. 2. Services on both the servers and the IP addresses of the high-availability cluster will be unavailable until the split-brain error is resolved. 3. A new tab named Split-brain - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 22
for SHA Before you start This user guide uses the following examples, which are based on SHA's minimum requirements: • HDD: 2 • Storage pool: RAID-1 • only supported on Synology NAS that have been newly installed with DSM 7.1 or above. Storage settings 1. Sign in to DSM using the cluster IP address - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 23
Chapter 3: Set Up and Configure an SHA Cluster 3. Configure the storage pool properties and select RAID 1 for the RAID Type. 4. Select and deploy the two drives and click Next. 5. Select Perform drive check and click Next. 21 - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 24
pool creation. 10. If you want to create a second storage pool or volume, click Create. 3.5 Monitored services Select the services that you want to monitor with Synology High Availability. If a monitored service fails on the active server, the system will fail over to the passive server as long as - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 25
can, switchover will be triggered in order to ensure better availability. Set up a quorum server 1. Go to Synology High Availability > Service. 2. Tick Enable quorum server and enter the IP address of the quorum server. 3. Make sure that the quorum server is always connected to both active and - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 26
, depending on your needs. The following three types of UPS are supported by SHA: • SNMP UPS • USB UPS • Synology UPS server SHA UPS behavior We recommend using different power supplies for The system will then switch services over to the passive server so that they can run without interruption. 24 - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 27
recovered. Then, they will automatically restart to continue providing high-availability services. SHA UPS configurations If the two servers are connected to the switch and set up any type of UPS (USB UPS / SNMP UPS / Synology UPS server) as the power source protection. If you use USB UPS, connect - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 28
to the active server and the passive server, respectively. If you use SNMP UPS or Synology UPS server, you will need to set up a corresponding UPS IP address for each server. In this case, if there is a problem with one of the power supplies, the connected server will enter Safe Mode. If the - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 29
on, the passive server will not take over services to avoid a Splitbrain error. 3.9 System notifications If a major event or problem occurs in the system, you may want to be notified as soon as possible. This section provides instructions for notifications settings. Enable email notifications 1. Go - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 30
4. If necessary, add a subject prefix in the Subject prefix field. This prefix will be added to the subject of each message sent by your Synology NAS, helping you identify and filter messages. 5. Refer to the respective help articles for DSM 7.x and DSM 6.2 for more information. Notification content - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 31
Chapter 4: Navigate the SHA User Interface Chapter 4: Navigate the SHA User Interface To learn more about how to navigate the SHA User Interface, you can refer to the respective help articles for DSM 7.x and DSM 6.2. 4.1 Cluster The Cluster page provides an overview of your SHA cluster. This page is - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 32
case, all services will be suspended to avoid further data inconsistencies until the issues are resolved. To troubleshoot abnormal high availability cluster statuses (Warning or Critical), refer to Chapter 2: SHA Troubleshooting in the Synology High Availability (SHA) Troubleshooting Guide. High - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 33
usage of the hosts are correlated, however, the statistics of the active server are usually be higher since it is responsible for running all services. In this section, you can check the following: • CPU utilization and load average: To ensure that the system reserves sufficient resources to monitor - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 34
Recent Important Events Chapter 4: Navigate the SHA User Interface The five most recent logs will be listed in this section for you catch up with the latest cluster activities. This information includes the date and time, the user, and the event details. This section is useful for when something - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 35
least one of the cluster interfaces is displayed here. Click the Manage Network Interface button to configure the cluster's IP or network settings. The hosts' IP addresses and network settings can be configured by clicking Manage Network Interface > Configure Server Network. The Heartbeat interface - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 36
Interface This tab shows the statuses and details of the network interfaces on the active and the passive servers. 4.4 Service This page allows you to monitor certain services. If a monitored service fails on the active server, the system will fail over to the passive server as long as the passive - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 37
Chapter 4: Navigate the SHA User Interface Supported services • Windows File Service • iSCSI Target • FTP • Mac File Service • NFS Service • Synology Directory Server • Web Services Refer to the respective help articles for DSM 7.x and DSM 6.2 for more details. Quorum Server Quorum servers can help - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 38
2. Connect to either of the servers with the cluster IP address and open Synology High Availability. 3. To view the differences in the data, follow the instructions in this article. 4. Click Manage > Resolve split-brain errors on the Cluster page and follow the onscreen instructions. There are two - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 39
system to complete the process and restart the passive server. Services will remain uninterrupted on the active server during this process. to begin the update process.2 To update DSM manually on a high-availability cluster: 1. Go to Synology Download Center, select your model, and click - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 40
& Restore page in Control Panel. 5. Click Manual DSM Update. 6. Upload the DSM update file to each server and then click OK to begin the update process. Update the Synology High Availability package Services will still be available while updating the Synology High Availability package. 1. Go to - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 41
compatibility and continued use of the Synology drives installed in your Synology NAS. If the firmware status of one or more drives in DSM > Storage Manager > HDD to halt all services during the update and prevent any application errors. • You can perform firmware updates for Synology drives on both - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 42
your High-availability Cluster 2. You can edit, enable, and disable2 the SHA cluster IP address, or click Configure Server Network to edit the IP addresses of the active and passive servers. 3. Select Use manual configuration and edit the network information of either or both servers. 4. Click OK - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 43
settings. 2. You cannot disable the cluster IP on the primary cluster interface. Change the primary cluster interface You can set a different network interface as the primary cluster interface using the following instructions.1 2 1. Go to Synology High Availability > Network and select the desired - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 44
6.2) to check if the storage pool status is healthy. 5. Make sure your Synology NAS model supports using drives located in expansion units. For more information, refer to this article. 6. If your DSM was upgraded from 7.0.x or previous versions to DSM 7.1, make sure that the maximum total capacity - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 45
it with one of a larger size. To avoid injury or damaging your Synology NAS, make sure to follow the drive installation instructions found in the Hardware Installation Guide for your Synology device.1 4. Go to Storage Manager > HDD/SSD to make sure the newly added drive has been recognized. 5. Go - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 46
to add to the storage pool. Follow the instructions in the wizard to complete this step. 8. larger size. 3. Go to Storage Manager > HDD/SSD to make sure that the hard drive was Notes: 1. Your device's Hardware Installation Guide can be found in the Synology Download Center under Documents. 2. When - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 47
to this article to see if your servers are compatible with Synology expansion units. This section provides steps on pairing services can be properly transferred and to maintain consistent system performance. • Go to the Download Center and download the Hardware Installation Guide for your Synology - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 48
You can reduce service downtime when installing memory modules by utilizing the switchover function. 1. Sign in to your high-availability cluster and go to Synology High Availability details, refer to Chapter 2: SHA Troubleshooting in the Synology High Availability (SHA) Troubleshooting Guide. 46 - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 49
services can be properly transferred and to maintain consistent system performance. • Go to the Download Center and download the Hardware Installation Guide for your Synology HDD/SSD to confirm that the M.2 SSDs have been successfully installed. Method 2: Switchover You can also reduce the service - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 50
and download the Hardware Installation Guide and Datasheet for your Synology NAS. Then, check the following: • Make sure that the PCIe slot is supported on your Synology NAS. • Confirm that the network interface card you want to use is listed on Synology Products Compatibility List. • Make sure that - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 51
same models or are supported hybrid highavailability models after being migrated to the new Synology NAS. Refer to this article for supported hybrid high availability model • Migrate the active server from DS920+ to RS3621xs+. • Migrate the passive server from DS918+ to RS3617xs+. • Active Server - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 52
modify the new IP address, refer to the Network management section of Chapter 5: Maintain your Highavailability Cluster for instructions. Migrate active server is Abnormal, please troubleshoot the issue before you migrate your data and replace the server. 1. Go to Synology High Availability > - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 53
new IP addresses, refer to the Network management section of Chapter 5: Maintain your High-availability Cluster for instructions. Note: If the cluster is in an abnormal state before migration, refer to Chapter 2: SHA Troubleshooting in the Synology High Availability (SHA) Troubleshooting Guide to - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 54
cluster IP? • Synology's YouTube channel. There, you can find related videos by searching for "Synology High Availability". You can also find more FAQs, tutorials, admin guides, brochures, technical specifications, user guides, whitepapers, and more for Synology High Availability in Synology - Synology DS1522 | Synology High Availability SHA User Guide for DSM 7.1 - Page 55
specifications and product descriptions at any time, without notice. Copyright © 2022 Synology Inc. All rights reserved. ® Synology and other names of Synology Products are proprietary marks or registered trademarks of Synology Inc. Other products and company names mentioned herein are trademarks of
User Guide for
Synology High Availability (SHA)
Based on
DSM 7.1 and Synology High Availability 2.1.2