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Note: When you further update the systems in a multinode complex at a later date, you will be able to update certain BIOS and firmware on the primary node; that BIOS and firmware will then be automatically propagated to the other nodes. Be aware, however, that you will have to update FPGA, BMC and BIOS firmware levels on all nodes separately. 5.1.2 Downloading the firmware To download the latest firmware for the servers you will be installing: 1. Navigate to the "Support for IBM System x" Web page: http://www.ibm.com/systems/support/x 2. In the Product family list, select the model of your server (for example x3850 M2 or x3950 M2). 3. In the Type list, select the 4-digit server machine type of your server (7141 or 7233). 4. Click Go to retrieve latest versions of firmware for your server. If you have not already installed an operating system on your server, you can download the non-OS specific firmware update utilities for the components listed previously. Otherwise, there are also OS specific firmware update utilities which you can use to update your server firmware from within the operating system. Note: If firmware for a non-specific OS is not listed, download one of the OS-specific utilities. It should provide a method to extract the non-OS specific firmware update utilities to a local directory. This directory should provide instructions to update the firmware of the server through bootable media such as a floppy disk image file or a bootable ISO image file. 5.1.3 Performing the updates This section lists the sequence we followed, and the server components that require firmware updates. To prepare the x3950 M2 servers in our labs for operating system installation, we used the following firmware update sequence: 1. Remote Supervisor Adapter II firmware (RSA II requires a firmware update specific to system x3850 M2 or x3950 M2.) 2. FPGA firmware 3. BMC firmware Chapter 5. Installation 247

Section	Page
Go to the current abstract on ibm.com/redbooks	1
Contents	5
Notices	11
Trademarks	12
Preface	15
The team that wrote this book	15
Become a published author	17
Comments welcome	18
Chapter 1. Technical overview	19
1.1 IBM eX4-based servers	20
1.1.1 Features of the x3950 M2 and x3850 M2 servers	20
1.1.2 x3950 M2: scalable hardware components	25
1.2 Model numbers and scalable upgrade options	27
1.2.1 Finding country-specific model information	28
1.2.2 x3850 M2 model information	28
1.2.3 x3950 M2 model information	29
1.2.4 Scalable upgrade option for x3850 M2	29
1.3 Multinode capabilities	32
1.4 x3950 M2 Windows Datacenter models	33
1.4.1 IBM Datacenter Unlimited Virtualization offering	34
1.4.2 IBM Datacenter Unlimited Virtualization with High Availability	34
1.4.3 Upgrading to Datacenter Edition	35
1.4.4 Datacenter multinode configurations	37
1.4.5 Datacenter cluster configurations	37
1.5 Integrated virtualization: VMware ESXi	37
1.5.1 Key features of VMware ESXi	38
1.5.2 VMware ESXi on x3850 M2	39
1.5.3 Comparing ESXi to other VI3 editions	40
1.5.4 VMware ESXi V3.5 licensing	43
1.5.5 Support for applications running on VMware ESX and ESXi	44
1.6 IBM fourth generation XA-64e chipset	45
1.6.1 Hurricane 4	47
1.6.2 XceL4v dynamic server cache	48
1.6.3 PCI Express I/O bridge chip	48
1.6.4 High-speed memory buffer chips	48
1.6.5 Ranks	49
1.6.6 Comparing IBM eX4 to X3 technologies	49
1.7 Processors	51
1.8 Memory subsystem	57
1.9 SAS controller and ports	60
1.10 PCI Express subsystem	61
1.11 Networking	62
1.11.1 Main features	62
1.11.2 Redundancy features	63
1.12 Systems management features	65
1.12.1 Light path diagnostics	65
1.12.2 BMC service processor	66
1.12.3 Remote Supervisor Adapter II	67
1.12.4 Active Energy Manager	69
1.13 Trusted Platform Module and where used	69
Chapter 2. Product positioning	71
2.1 Focus market segments and target applications	72
2.2 Positioning the IBM x3950 M2 and x3850 M2	74
2.2.1 Overview of scale-up, scale-out	74
2.2.2 IBM BladeCenter and iDataPlex	75
2.3 Comparing x3850 M2 to x3850	77
2.4 Comparing x3950 M2 to x3950	80
2.5 System scalability	82
2.6 Operating system scalability	84
2.6.1 Scaling VMware ESX	86
2.6.2 Scaling Microsoft Windows Server 2003	91
2.6.3 Scaling Microsoft Windows Server 2008 and Hyper-V	93
2.6.4 Scaling Linux server operating systems	94
2.7 Application scalability	97
2.7.1 Microsoft SQL Server 2005	98
2.7.2 Microsoft SQL Server 2008	101
2.8 Scale-up or scale-out	102
2.8.1 Scale-up	102
2.8.2 Scale-out	103
Chapter 3. Hardware configuration	107
3.1 Processor subsystem	108
3.1.1 Processor options	109
3.1.2 Installation of processor options	111
3.1.3 Processor (CPU) configuration options	117
3.2 Memory subsystem	129
3.2.1 Memory options	129
3.2.2 Memory card	131
3.2.3 Memory mirroring	136
3.2.4 Hot-swap memory	137
3.2.5 Hot-add memory	138
3.2.6 Memory configuration in BIOS	139
3.3 Internal drive options and RAID controllers	142
3.3.1 LSI 1078 SAS onboard controller	142
3.3.2 SAS disk drive options	145
3.3.3 ServeRAID-MR10k RAID controller	146
3.3.4 ServeRAID-MR10M SAS/SATA II controller	153
3.3.5 SAS expansion enclosure (unit)	160
3.3.6 Updating the SAS storage controllers	166
3.4 Configuring RAID volumes	172
3.4.1 Starting the LSI1078 controller BIOS	172
3.4.2 Starting the ServeRAID-MR10k controller WebBIOS	176
3.4.3 Working with LSI MegaRAID controller WebBIOS	177
3.5 PCI Express options	206
3.5.1 PCI and I/O devices	206
3.5.2 PCI device scan order	206
3.5.3 PCI adapter installation order	207
3.5.4 PCI Express device-related information in the BIOS	208
3.5.5 Supported PCI Express adapter options	212
Chapter 4. Multinode hardware configurations	213
4.1 Introduction and terminology	214
4.2 Multinode capabilities	216
4.3 Understanding scalability	217
4.3.1 Complex Descriptor	217
4.3.2 Complex Descriptor contents	218
4.4 Prerequisites to create a multinode complex	219
4.5 Upgrading an x3850 M2 to an x3950 M2	222
4.5.1 Installing the ScaleXpander key (chip)	222
4.5.2 Configuring for a LAN connection	224
4.5.3 Updating the code levels, firmware	226
4.6 Cabling of multinode configurations	227
4.6.1 Two-node configuration	230
4.6.2 Three-node configuration	232
4.6.3 Four-node configuration	234
4.7 Configuring partitions	238
4.7.1 Understanding the Scalable Partitioning menu	238
4.7.2 First steps in configuring the partition	243
4.7.3 Creating partitions	244
4.8 Working with partitions	246
4.8.1 Managing partitions	246
4.8.2 Behaviors of scalability configurations	250
4.9 Observations with scalability configurations	255
4.9.1 Problem with merging if prerequisites were met	255
4.9.2 Problems with merging if prerequisites were not met	257
4.9.3 Known problems	258
Chapter 5. Installation	263
5.1 Updating firmware and BIOS	264
5.1.1 Prerequisite checklist	264
5.1.2 Downloading the firmware	265
5.1.3 Performing the updates	265
5.2 Confirming BIOS settings	272
5.3 Supported operating systems	275
5.3.1 VMware ESX operating systems	277
5.3.2 Windows Server 2003 and 2008 operating systems	277
5.3.3 Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating systems	279
5.3.4 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server operating systems	280
5.3.5 Solaris operating systems	281
5.4 Installing the operating system	282
5.4.1 Installing (configuring) VMware ESXi 3.5 embedded	282
5.4.2 Installing VMware ESXi 3.5 Installable	297
5.4.3 Installing VMware ESX 3.5 Update 1	299
5.4.4 Installing Windows Server 2003	303
5.4.5 Installing Windows Server 2008	307
5.4.6 Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Update 1	311
5.4.7 Installing SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 SP1	313
Chapter 6. Management	317
6.1 BMC configuration options	318
6.1.1 BMC connectivity	320
6.1.2 BMC LAN configuration in BIOS	320
6.1.3 Event Log	322
6.1.4 User Account Settings menus	323
6.1.5 Remote control using SMBridge	323
6.1.6 BMC monitoring features	324
6.1.7 BMC firmware update	325
6.1.8 Installing the BMC device drivers	326
6.1.9 Ports used by the BMC	334
6.2 Remote Supervisor Adapter II	334
6.2.1 RSA II connectivity	337
6.2.2 RSA LAN configuration in BIOS	337
6.2.3 Web interface	339
6.2.4 Remote console and media	342
6.2.5 Updating firmware	345
6.2.6 Implementing the RSA II in the operating system	347
6.2.7 TCP/UDP ports used by the RSA II	350
6.2.8 MIB files	351
6.2.9 Error logs	351
6.3 Use of IBM Director with VMware ESX	352
6.4 Active Energy Manager	352
6.4.1 Active Energy Manager terminology	353
6.4.2 Active Energy Manager components	354
6.4.3 Active Energy Manager tasks	356
6.4.4 Active Energy Manager 3.1 functions	358
6.5 IBM Director: Implementation of servers	364
6.5.1 Integrating x3850 M2 and x3950 M2 into IBM Director	365
6.5.2 Level 0: Implementation by service processors	366
6.5.3 Level 1: Implementation by the IBM Director Core Services	367
6.5.4 LSI MegaRAID Provider	370
6.5.5 Level 2: Implementation by the IBM Director agent	371
6.6 System management with VMware ESXi 3.5	373
6.6.1 Hypervisor systems	373
6.6.2 Implementation of x3850 M2 Hypervisor systems	373
6.7 Power management	374
6.7.1 Processor features	374
6.7.2 Power consumption measurement and capping	375
6.7.3 Virtualization	375
6.8 Power Distribution Units (PDU)	375
6.8.1 Key features	376
6.8.2 Availability and flexibility of Enterprise PDUs	377
6.8.3 Comparing PDU and intelligent PDU	378
6.8.4 Assembling of intelligent PDU	379
6.8.5 Intelligent PDU power management Web interface	382
6.9 DSA Preboot	384
6.9.1 Updating DSA Preboot	387
6.9.2 Working with the command line interface	390
6.9.3 Working with the graphical user interface (GUI)	394
6.9.4 Scalability partition management	397
Abbreviations and acronyms	399
Related publications	403
IBM Redbooks	403
Product publications	403
Online resources	404
How to get Redbooks	412
Help from IBM	412
Index	413