Lenovo PC 300GL Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287
Lenovo PC 300GL Manual
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- Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 1
Understanding Your Personal Computer PC 300GL - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 2
- Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 3
IBM Understanding Your Personal Computer PC 300GL - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 4
) Note: Before using this information and the product it supports, be sure to read the general information under Appendix, This publication was developed for products and services offered in the United States of America. IBM may not offer the products, services, or features discussed in this document - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 5
Speed 1 Microprocessor Cache 2 Microprocessor Bus 2 Microprocessor Instructions 2 Memory 2 Main Memory 3 CMOS Memory 3 12 Resolution and Dot Pitch 12 Scanning Characteristics 12 DDC Protocol 13 Power Management 13 Selecting a Monitor 14 Using Monitor Controls 14 Using Screen - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 6
40 Configuration/Setup Utility Program 40 Operating Systems 41 Device Drivers 41 Latest Level Device Drivers 41 Device-Driver Types 42 Video Device Drivers 42 Advanced Power Management 42 Advanced Configuration Power Interface (ACPI 43 Application Programs 43 Protecting Your Software 43 - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 7
Remote Administration 46 DHCP and RPL 46 Wake on LAN 46 Wake on Modem 47 Wake on Ring 47 Appendix. Notices and Trademarks 48 Notices 48 Trademarks 48 Glossary 50 v - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 8
described in this book are available on all models. For specific information on features of the PC 300GL and instructions on how to set up, operate, install options, program, or maintain your computer, refer to the PC 300GL User Guide that comes with your computer. vi © Copyright IBM Corp. 1998 - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 9
management mode (SMM), which enables the microprocessor to control power used by peripheral devices and other components. This makes processing speed. A clock cycle is the time that the microprocessor takes to perform instructions at a given clock speed. Clock cycles are measured in nanoseconds (ns - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 10
width as the microprocessor and operates at the same external speed. Another computer bus, called the I/O bus or expansion bus, carries data and instructions between the microprocessor bus and the computer peripherals. The width of the I/O bus is 32 bits. With advanced bus technologies, the speed of - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 11
(SDRAM) modules for temporary storage of data and instructions. These SDRAM modules are also known as dual current. While the computer is turned off, no current is supplied to the DIMMs, so no data is retained in SDRAM. Powered by a small battery, CMOS retains its contents while your computer power - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 12
/output system (BIOS) Power-on self-test (POST) Configuration/Setup Utility program Vital product data (VPD) Processor update code Cache Memory , which improves system performance by temporarily storing frequently used data and instructions in a cache. A cache is a buffer between the microprocessor - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 13
If the data or instruction is not in either cache, a microprocessor updates main memory directly for hardware devices and the BIOS. Extended memory starts above the driver, such as the one provided with DOS. The EMS device driver is commonly known as a memory manager. The EMS device driver - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 14
all the addressable memory locations in the computer. Physical memory is used to store such items as the operating system, video data, and instructions and data the computer uses to run programs. Virtual memory is memory that appears to be allocated to application programs. The operating system uses - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 15
mouse port controller and interface Memory (DRAM) controller Microprocessor-interface control Parallel-port controller and interface PCI-bus interface PCI-to-ISA interface Power-management controller Serial-port controller and interface USB-port controller and interface Microprocessors and Memory 7 - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 16
that carries (or transfers) information inside the computer; information includes data, addresses, instructions, and controls. The microprocessor has an external bus, called the processor bus or methods Enhanced peripheral-device performance Automatic configuration 8 © Copyright IBM Corp. 1998 - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 17
PCI Interface The PCI-bus connects to the microprocessor bus through a buffered bridge controller. A bridge translates signals from one bus architecture to another. PCI and ISA devices get all their data and control information through the PCI controller. The PCI controller looks at all signals from - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 18
software compatibility. Adapter Configuration When adding adapters, you might need to manually set a variety of switches on the adapters. These switches control computer's basic input/output system (BIOS), which supports Plug and Play. The BIOS routines automatically configure the adapter as long - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 19
as legacy devices. The Configuration/Setup Utility Program can help you manually configure legacy adapters. The screens of the Configuration/Setup Utility Program about required resources. Also, the refer to PC 300GL User Guide for more information about using the Configuration/Setup Utility Program. - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 20
are starting to fade. There are two ways of redrawing the image: interlaced scanning and noninterlaced scanning. The interlaced method draws every other 12 © Copyright IBM Corp. 1998 - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 21
of the image on the screen remains stable. DDC Protocol Potential problems with monitor flicker are reduced by operating a monitor at its highest the monitor and graphics controller can support. Power Management Power management reduces the power consumption of your computer when you are not - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 22
device-driver installation instructions that come with the software on the IBM Software Selections CD for a list of programs and the device drivers that they require. To take full advantage of the video capabilities provided by your computer, use a noninterlaced monitor capable of supporting high - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 23
, you can avoid this problem by using the power-management features of your computer Drivers The graphics controller in your computer is supported by device drivers that are provided on the IBM Software Selections CD that comes with your computer. Instructions for installing the device drivers - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 24
. SVGA supports reduced-flicker operation when used with noninterlaced monitors that meet ISO standards. Some application programs require video device drivers to use SVGA modes. The device drivers for your computer and instructions for installing them (README files) are provided on the IBM Software - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 25
PC 300GL User Guide for more specific information. Following are the system board I/O connectors that are available on the PC 300GL: (MIDI) with 15-pin D-shell connector. Audio support can be enabled or disabled using the Configuration/Setup powered external speakers © Copyright IBM Corp. 1998 17 - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 26
Headphone Connection for headphones or powered external speakers joystick/MIDI Connection for a joystick The serial ports are 16550-UART (universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter) compatible so they can support high-speed modems. You can increase the number of serial ports by installing a - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 27
you start the computer, the power-on self-test (POST) diagnostic programs available with the IBM-preinstalled software package. Generally Refer to the PC 300GL User Guide for more for specific installation instructions. Universal Serial Bus supports a maximum of 127 devices. I/O Features 19 - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 28
The parallel port transfers data 8 bits at a time, compared to the serial port, which transfers data 1 bit at a time. The parallel port on the computer supports extended, high-speed modes, which means that it can transfer data up to 10 times as fast as a standard parallel port. You can increase the - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 29
Refer to the PC 300GL User Guide for more information IBM-compatible parallel printers. Bidirectional This PS/2-compatible mode is a bidirectional mode used for data transfer to other computers and supported devices requires device drivers supplied by the device instructions. I/O Features 21 - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 30
Keyboard Port The keyboard helps you communicate with your computer; the keyboard connects to the keyboard-port connector on the back of the computer. Use your keyboard for the following: Typing information Performing application functions Performing computer operations Entering numbers with the - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 31
-program documentation for information about the key assignments. Function Keys Function keys are arranged across the top of your keyboard. Use them to send instructions to the software you are using. Think of them as shortcuts for doing routine tasks on your computer. Esc F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 32
Special Computer Keys The keyboard has several other keys that are not on a typewriter. These are Escape (Esc), Control (Ctrl), Alternate (Alt), Insert (Ins), Delete (Del), Print Screen, Scroll Lock, and Pause/Break. Esc F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 ! " $ % & / ( ) = - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 33
Cursor Keys The Cursor keys are used to move the cursor (a flashing short line or small box) to various positions on the screen. Esc F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 ! " $ % & / ( ) = ? \ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 ' ì # [ ] Q W E R T Y U I O P é * - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 34
The 104-key keyboard provides three keys that are supported by Microsoft Windows NT, Windows 95, and Windows use the appropriate device driver. Esc F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 ! " $ % & / ( ) = ? \ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 ' ì # [ ] Q W E R T Y U I O - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 35
D-shaped serial connector. Either type of mouse will operate, provided you have the correct device driver installed. Monitor Port The monitor port allows you to connect a variety of video graphics array information on monitors, and to "SVGA Mode" on page 16 for supported video modes. I/O Features 27 - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 36
. Refer to PC 300GL User Guide for more information on expansion space. Diskette Drives Your computer comes with a 1.44 MB diskette drive designed to use only 3.5-inch diskettes. Optional diskette drives that support different sizes and capacities of diskettes are available from your IBM marketing - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 37
32.5.0DMisBkecttaepacity DD No Window 1 MB Double Density (DD) 32.5.0DMisBkecttaepacity Window HD 2 MB High Density (HD) Storage Devices 29 - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 38
Handling and Storing Diskettes Inside the protective diskette case is a flexible disk with a magnetic-sensitive coating. This disk can be damaged by heat, dust, a magnetic field, or even a fingerprint. Use the following guidelines when handling and storing diskettes. Data is stored on the magnetic - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 39
come in the package with the diskettes. Diskette labels can become a problem if you do not apply them correctly. Loose edges or an excessive buildup can prevent the diskette from being inserted or ejected. To prevent this problem, take the following precautions: Remove an old label before you apply - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 40
Write Protecting Diskettes It is possible to accidentally format a diskette or unintentionally write data to it. Important information can be written over or lost. For this reason, it is a good idea to write protect important diskettes. You can read data from a write-protected diskette, but you - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 41
. For information about the hard disk drive in your computer, refer to the PC 300GL User Guide. Hard disk drives have different types of interfaces, or controllers. The main function common interface specifications used in IBM computers are discussed in the following sections. Storage Devices 33 - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 42
each connector. However, the PC 300GL only supports a total of three IDE SCSI, instructions can be sent concurrently to every be heard or viewed, but not changed or updated as it can on a diskette, hard disk powered speakers. Some models come with an IBM-preinstalled CD-ROM drive. 34 Storage Devices - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 43
Zip Drives Some computers come with a preinstalled internal Zip drive. A Zip drive is a high-capacity disk drive that uses a removable disk that is slightly larger and about twice as thick as a conventional 3.5-inch floppy diskette. The Zip disk has a capacity of 100 MB of data. They have become - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 44
features include: A lockable cover using a customer supplied padlock to help secure computer hardware components A u-bolt to a desk or table. A power-on password to help prevent unauthorized use these security features, see the PC 300GL User Guide. While the security features can IBM Corp. 1998 - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 45
unreadable. Depending on the type of information stored, you might require additional safeguards. Computer Viruses A computer virus is a program (or instructions hidden within a program) that can "infect" files and programs on your computer. Unlike most other programs, viruses are typically designed - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 46
might be difficult to determine if the problem is a hardware failure, a software problem, or a virus in action. Viruses are generally spread unknowingly from computer to computer when programs are copied or exchanged. If you don't know where a program - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 47
direct involvement with BIOS. You can use the Configuration/Setup Utility Program to set up your computer for different features and options. Other software used by your computer includes: device drivers, which support a specific type of hardware device; and Advanced Power Management (APM), which - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 48
Program. You must enter the Configuration/Setup Utility Program and either save the automatic update or manually change the new configuration settings. For more information on using the Configuration/Setup Utility Program and saving configuration changes, see the PC 300GL User Guide. 40 Software - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 49
optional features work. Latest Level Device Drivers The latest device drivers are always available on the World Wide Web or from the IBM Personal Systems Group Bulletin Board System (BBS). For more help information, refer to the PC 300GL User Guide. The IBM PC Company Bulletin Board System (BBS) can - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 50
unaffected by this feature). For more information on setting and using this feature, see the PC 300GL User Guide. Activity Monitor allows you to select which devices are monitored to determine if the system should enter or exit the low power state. Not all operating systems support this. 42 Software - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 51
supported. Automatic Power On enables the computer to turn on when it is unattended. Optional hardware and software is needed for some features of Automatic Power On. For more information about Automatic Power On, see the PC 300GL User Guide is labeled for IBM or IBM-compatible computers. Diskette - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 52
. Back up your operating system and other software so that you can more easily recover from an operating system or hard disk drive failure. For instructions on how to back up the operating system programs, refer to the documentation for your operating system. Also, make backup copies of any original - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 53
are on the hard disk; for some adapters, device drivers are also provided on the IBM Software Selections CD that comes with your computer. For instructions on connecting a network cable to your computer, refer to the PC 300GL User Guide. For information on configuring your computer to work with - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 54
perform POST/BIOS updates. DHCP and be one that supports BOOTP (Boot PC 300GL have a LAN adapter installed that is designed to use Wake on LAN, an IBM IBM Software Selections CD that comes with your computer), functions such as data transfers and software and device driver updates provide services to - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 55
allows your computer to be turned on remotely when a modem ring is detected. In BIOS this is referred to as Modem Ring Detect. When Wake on Modem is used in on the IBM Software Selections CD that comes with your computer), functions such as data transfers and software and device driver updates can be - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 56
. Notices and Trademarks Notices References in this publication to IBM products, programs, or services do not imply that IBM intends to make these available in all countries in which IBM operates. Any reference to an IBM product, program, or service is not intended to state or imply that only that - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 57
©Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 1998. All rights reserved. Note to U.S. Government Users - Documentation related to restricted rights - Use, duplication or disclosure is subject to restrictions set forth in GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. 49 - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 58
the IBM specific to the solution of an application problem. (2) A program written for or support for storage devices. binary. Pertaining to a system of numbers to the base 2; binary digits are 0 and 1. BIOS conductors used for transmitting signals, data, or power. See also address bus, data bus, and - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 59
of the microprocessor where arithmetic and logical operations are performed, and instructions are decoded and executed. (2) The functional unit that controls the integrated circuit or a set of integrated circuits that provide hardware support for a related set of functions, such as the generation of - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 60
designed to serve a special purpose or perform a special function. device driver. A file that contains the code needed to use an attached device. the display mode that best uses the capabilities of the monitor. Display Power Management Signaling (DPMS). A monitor feature that makes it possible for - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 61
Most operating systems that support dual processing use is programmable, erasable, and does not require continuous power. The chief benefit of flash memory over other programmable the system, received from the system, or both. instruction. A statement that specifies an operation to be performed by - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 62
international exchange of goods and services, and develop cooperation in intellectual device must be manually configured by setting its switches or jumpers, and then manually assigned computer the computer that is used for temporary storage of instructions and data while a program is running, or - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 63
storage device whose contents are not lost when power is cut off. (2) Contrast with volatile. ns execution of programs and that may provide services such as resource allocation, scheduling, input/ to a system and to the data stored within it. PC Card. A credit-card-sized adapter used to add memory, - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 64
specifications that enable the computer BIOS to automatically configure the device and Power-on self-test. power-on self-test (POST). A series of diagnostic tests that are run automatically by a device when the power executes instructions. A processor consists of at least an instruction control - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 65
that provides shared services to workstations over supports power consumed by components of the computer. system programs. In personal-computer systems, startup routines, such as POST and BIOS code, and utility programs that are used to configure, test, and update the computer. See also POST, BIOS - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 66
. Universal serial bus utility program. (1) A computer program in general support of computer processes; for example, a diagnostic program, a trace program volatile. (1) Pertaining to a storage device whose contents are lost when power is cut off. (2) Contrast with nonvolatile. W wait state. A - Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 67
- Lenovo PC 300GL | Understanding Your Personal Computer 6267, 6277, 6287 - Page 68
IBM® Part Number: xxxxxxx Printed in U.S.A. XXXXXXX
Understanding Your Personal Computer
PC 300GL