Nikon 1988 Instruction Manual - Page 11

bellows extension = reproduction ratio x focal length = (2-0.5) x 82 = approx. 123 In other words, you get 2X magnification when the bellows is extended to approx. 123mm. • To calculate reproduction ratio with the bellows extension value read off the scale on the bellows, divide the lens focal length by the extension value and add the reproduction ratio of the lens. For example, if the bellows extension is 165mm: o2 + 0.5 = approx. 2.5 In other words, approx. 2.5X magnification (1:1/2.5 reproduction ratio) is achieved when the bellows is extended to 165mm. 27.5mm thickness) rings. For the most precise accuracy, use the PK-12 ring and then adjust the focusing ring. For duplication work More precise accuracy is required for duplication work than for general close-up photography. For maximum benefits from the Close-Range Correction System, the lens should be focused at as close a distance as possible. For a reproduction ratio higher than 1:2, the PK-11A, PK-12, PK-13 and PN-11 rings are available. Make the extension as short as possible. For example, to get a reproduction ratio of 1:1.6, you can use the PN-11 (with 52.5mm thickness), PK-12 (with 14mm thickness) and PK-13 (with 11