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Casio FX-9750GII-SC User Guide - Page 163

Sample, LinearReg, GOF test, two-way test, ANOVA, One-Way ANOVA

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1-Sample Z Test tests for the unknown population mean when the population standard deviation is known. 2-Sample Z Test tests the equality of the means of two populations based on independent samples when both population standard deviations are known. 1-Prop Z Test tests for an unknown proportion of successes. 2-Prop Z Test tests to compare the proportion of successes from two populations. The t Test tests the hypothesis when the population standard deviation is unknown. The hypothesis that is the opposite of the hypothesis being proven is called the null hypothesis, while the hypothesis being proved is called the alternative hypothesis. The t Test is normally applied to test the null hypothesis. Then a determination is made whether the null hypothesis or alternative hypothesis will be adopted. 1-Sample t Test tests the hypothesis for a single unknown population mean when the population standard deviation is unknown. 2-Sample t Test compares the population means when the population standard deviations are unknown. LinearReg t Test calculates the strength of the linear association of paired data. With the C2 test, a number of independent groups are provided and a hypothesis is tested relative to the probability of samples being included in each group. The C2 GOF test (C2 one-way Test) tests whether the observed count of sample data fits a certain distribution. For example, it can be used to determine conformance with normal distribution or binomial distribution. The C2 two-way test creates a cross-tabulation table that structures mainly two qualitative variables (such as "Yes" and "No"), and evaluates the independence of the variables. 2-Sample F Test tests the hypothesis for the ratio of sample variances. It could be used, for example, to test the carcinogenic effects of multiple suspected factors such as tobacco use, alcohol, vitamin deficiency, high coffee intake, inactivity, poor living habits, etc. ANOVA tests the hypothesis that the population means of the samples are equal when there are multiple samples. It could be used, for example, to test whether or not different combinations of materials have an effect on the quality and life of a final product. One-Way ANOVA is used when there is one independent variable and one dependent variable. Two-Way ANOVA is used when there are two independent variables and one dependent variable. The following pages explain various statistical calculation methods based on the principles described above. Details concerning statistical principles and terminology can be found in any standard statistics textbook. On the initial STAT mode screen, press (TEST) to display the test menu, which contains the following items. • (TEST)(Z) ... Z Tests (page 6-24) (t) ... t Tests (page 6-26) (CHI) ... C2 Test (page 6-29) (F) ... 2-Sample F Test (page 6-30) (ANOV) ... ANOVA (page 6-31) 6-23

Section	Page
Contents	3
Getting Acquainted — Read This First!	6
Chapter 1 Basic Operation	8
1. Keys	8
2. Display	9
3. Inputting and Editing Calculations	12
4. Using the Math Input/Output Mode	17
5. Option (OPTN) Menu	29
6. Variable Data (VARS) Menu	30
7. Program (PRGM) Menu	32
8. Using the Setup Screen	33
9. Using Screen Capture	36
10. When you keep having problems...	37
Chapter 2 Manual Calculations	39
1. Basic Calculations	39
2. Special Functions	44
3. Specifying the Angle Unit and Display Format	48
4. Function Calculations	49
5. Numerical Calculations	59
6. Complex Number Calculations	68
7. Binary, Octal, Decimal, and Hexadecimal Calculations with Integers	71
8. Matrix Calculations	74
9. Metric Conversion Calculations	86
Chapter 3 List Function	90
1. Inputting and Editing a List	90
2. Manipulating List Data	94
3. Arithmetic Calculations Using Lists	99
4. Switching Between List Files	102
Chapter 4 Equation Calculations	103
1. Simultaneous Linear Equations	103
2. High-order Equations from 2nd to 6th Degree	104
3. Solve Calculations	106
Chapter 5 Graphing	107
1. Sample Graphs	107
2. Controlling What Appears on a Graph Screen	108
3. Drawing a Graph	112
4. Storing a Graph in Picture Memory	116
5. Drawing Two Graphs on the Same Screen	117
6. Manual Graphing	118
7. Using Tables	121
8. Dynamic Graphing	126
9. Graphing a Recursion Formula	128
10. Graphing a Conic Section	133
11. Changing the Appearance of a Graph	133
12. Function Analysis	135
Chapter 6 Statistical Graphs and Calculations	141
1. Before Performing Statistical Calculations	141
2. Calculating and Graphing Single-Variable Statistical Data	144
3. Calculating and Graphing Paired-Variable Statistical Data	149
4. Performing Statistical Calculations	155
5. Tests	162
6. Confidence Interval	175
7. Distribution	178
8. Input and Output Terms of Tests, Confidence Interval, and Distribution	190
9. Statistic Formula	193
Chapter 7 Financial Calculation (TVM)	196
1. Before Performing Financial Calculations	196
2. Simple Interest	197
3. Compound Interest	198
4. Cash Flow (Investment Appraisal)	200
5. Amortization	202
6. Interest Rate Conversion	204
7. Cost, Selling Price, Margin	205
8. Day/Date Calculations	206
9. Depreciation	207
10. Bond Calculations	209
11. Financial Calculations Using Functions	211
Chapter 8 Programming	212
1. Basic Programming Steps	212
2. PRGM Mode Function Keys	213
3. Editing Program Contents	214
4. File Management	216
5. Command Reference	218
6. Using Calculator Functions in Programs	232
7. PRGM Mode Command List	248
8. Program Library	253
Chapter 9 Spreadsheet	255
1. Spreadsheet Basics and the Function Menu	255
2. Basic Spreadsheet Operations	256
3. Using Special S • SHT Mode Commands	268
4. Drawing Statistical Graphs, and Performing Statistical and Regression Calculations	269
5. S • SHT Mode Memory	274
Chapter 10 eActivity	276
1. eActivity Overview	276
2. eActivity Function Menus	277
3. eActivity File Operations	278
4. Inputting and Editing Data	279
Chapter 11 Memory Manager	289
1. Using the Memory Manager	289
Chapter 12 System Manager	300
1. Using the System Manager	300
2. System Settings	300
Chapter 13 Data Communications	304
1. Connecting Two Units	304
2. Connecting the Calculator to a Personal Computer	304
3. Performing a Data Communication Operation	305
4. Data Communications Precautions	308
5. Screen Image Send	314
Chapter 14 Using SD Cards (fx-9860G SD only)	318
1. Using an SD Card	318
2. Formatting an SD Card	320
3. SD Card Precautions during Use	320
Appendix	321
1. Error Message Table	321
2. Input Ranges	325
E-CON2 Application	327
1 E-CON2 Overview	329
2 Using the Setup Wizard	330
3 Using Advanced Setup	340
4 Using a Custom Probe	354
5 Using the MULTIMETER Mode	360
6 Using Setup Memory	361
7 Using Program Converter	365
8 Starting a Sampling Operation	370
9 Using Sample Data Memory	373
10 Using the Graph Analysis Tools to Graph Data	376
11 Graph Analysis Tool Graph Screen Operations	380

Match case Limit results 1 per page

6-23

1-Sample

Test

tests for the unknown population mean when the population standard

deviation is known.

2-Sample

Test

tests the equality of the means of two populations based on independent

samples when both population standard deviations are known.

1-Prop

Test

tests for an unknown proportion of successes.

2-Prop

Test

tests to compare the proportion of successes from two populations.

The

Test

tests the hypothesis when the population standard deviation is unknown. The

hypothesis that is the opposite of the hypothesis being proven is called the

null hypothesis

while the hypothesis being proved is called the

alternative hypothesis

. The

Test is normally

applied to test the null hypothesis. Then a determination is made whether the null hypothesis

or alternative hypothesis will be adopted.

1-Sample

Test

tests the hypothesis for a single unknown population mean when the

population standard deviation is unknown.

2-Sample

Test

compares the population means when the population standard deviations are

unknown.

LinearReg

Test

calculates the strength of the linear association of paired data.

With the

test

, a number of independent groups are provided and a hypothesis is tested

relative to the probability of samples being included in each group.

The

GOF test

(

one-way Test) tests whether the observed count of sample data fits

a certain distribution. For example, it can be used to determine conformance with normal

distribution or binomial distribution.

The

two-way test

creates a cross-tabulation table that structures mainly two qualitative

variables (such as “Yes” and “No”), and evaluates the independence of the variables.

2-Sample

Test

tests the hypothesis for the ratio of sample variances. It could be used, for

example, to test the carcinogenic effects of multiple suspected factors such as tobacco use,

alcohol, vitamin deficiency, high coffee intake, inactivity, poor living habits, etc.

ANOVA

tests the hypothesis that the population means of the samples are equal when

there are multiple samples. It could be used, for example, to test whether or not different

combinations of materials have an effect on the quality and life of a final product.

One-Way ANOVA

is used when there is one independent variable and one dependent

variable.

Two-Way ANOVA

is used when there are two independent variables and one dependent

variable.

The following pages explain various statistical calculation methods based on the principles

described above. Details concerning statistical principles and terminology can be found in any

standard statistics textbook.

On the initial

STAT

mode screen, press

(TEST) to display the test menu, which contains

the following items.

•

(TEST)

(Z) ...

Tests (page 6-24)

(t) ...

Tests (page 6-26)

(CHI) ...

Test (page 6-29)

(F) ... 2-Sample

Test (page 6-30)

(ANOV) ... ANOVA (page 6-31)