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Drive Self Test DST

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Cheetah 18XL Product Manual, Rev. G 17 not exceed the threshold before the interval expires, then the error rate is considered to be acceptable. In either case, the interval and failure counters are reset and the process starts over. Predictive failures S.M.A.R.T. signals predictive failures when the drive is performing unacceptably for a period of time. The firmware keeps a running count of the number of times the error rate for each attribute is unacceptable. To accomplish this, a counter is incremented whenever the error rate is unacceptable and decremented (not to exceed zero) whenever the error rate is acceptable. Should the counter continually be incremented such that it reaches the predictive threshold, a predictive failure is signaled. This counter is referred to as the Failure History Counter. There is a separate Failure History Counter for each attribute. 5.2.9 Drive Self Test (DST) Drive Self Test (DST) is a technology designed to recognize drive fault conditions that qualify the drive as a failed unit. DST validates the functionality of the drive at a system level. There are two test coverage options implemented in DST: 1. Extended test 2. Short text The most thorough option is the extended test that performs various tests on the drive and scans every logical block address (LBA) of the drive. The short test is time-restricted and limited in length-it does not scan the entire media surface, but does some fundamental tests and scans portions of the media. If DST encounters an error during either of these tests, it reports a fault condition. If the drive fails the test, remove it from service and return it to Seagate for service. 5.2.9.1 DST Failure Definition The drive will present a "diagnostic failed" condition through the self-tests results value of the diagnostic log page if a functional failure is encountered during DST. The channel and servo parameters are not modified to test the drive more stringently, and the number of retries are not reduced. All retries and recovery processes are enabled during the test. If data is recoverable, no failure condition will be reported regardless of the number of retries required to recover the data. The following conditions are considered DST failure conditions: • Seek error after retries are exhausted • Track-follow error after retries are exhausted • Read error after retries are exhausted • Write error after retries are exhausted. Recovered errors will not be reported as diagnostic failures. 5.2.9.2 Implementation This section provides all of the information necessary to implement the DST function on this drive. 5.2.9.2.1 State of the drive prior to testing The drive must be in a ready state before issuing the Send Diagnostic command. There are multiple reasons why a drive may not be ready, some of which are valid conditions, and not errors. For example, a drive may be in process of doing a format, or another DST. It is the responsibility of the host application to determine the "not ready" cause. While not technically part of DST, a Not Ready condition also qualifies the drive to be returned to Seagate as a failed drive. A Drive Not Ready condition is reported by the drive under the following conditions: • Motor will not spin • Motor will not lock to speed

Section	Page
Table of Contents	7
1.0 Scope 1	7
2.0 Applicable standards and reference documentation 3	7
2.1 Standards 3	7
2.1.1 Electromagnetic compatibility 3	7
2.1.2 Electromagnetic susceptibility 3	7
2.2 Electromagnetic compliance 3	7
2.3 Reference documents 4	7
3.0 General description 5	7
3.1 Standard features 7	7
3.2 Media characteristics 7	7
3.3 Performance 7	7
3.4 Reliability 7	7
3.5 Unformatted and formatted capacities 8	7
3.6 Programmable drive capacity 8	7
3.7 Factory installed accessories 8	7
3.8 Options (factory installed) 8	7
4.0 Performance characteristics 9	7
4.1 Internal drive characteristics (transparent to user) 9	7
4.2 SCSI performance characteristics (visible to user) 9	7
4.2.1 Access time 9	7
4.2.2 Format command execution time (minutes) 9	7
4.2.3 Generalized performance characteristics 9	7
4.3 Start/stop time 10	7
4.4 Prefetch/multi-segmented cache control 10	7
4.5 Cache operation 10	7
4.5.1 Caching write data 11	7
4.5.2 Prefetch operation 12	7
5.0 Reliability specifications 13	7
5.1 Error rates 13	7
5.1.1 Environmental interference 13	7
5.1.2 Read errors 13	7
5.1.3 Write errors 13	7
5.1.4 Seek errors 13	7
5.2 Reliability and service 14	7
5.2.1 Mean time between failure 14	7
5.2.2 Field failure rate vs time 14	7
5.2.3 Preventive maintenance 15	7
5.2.4 Service life 15	7
5.2.5 Service philosophy 15	7
5.2.6 Service tools 15	7
5.2.7 Hot plugging Cheetah 18XL disc drives 15	7
5.2.8 S.M.A.R.T. 16	7
5.2.9 Drive Self Test (DST) 17	7
5.2.10 Product warranty 19	7
6.0 Physical/electrical specifications 21	7
6.1 AC power requirements 21	7
6.2 DC power requirements 21	7
6.2.1 Conducted noise immunity 22	7
6.2.2 Power sequencing 22	7
6.2.3 12 V - Current profile 22	7
6.3 Power dissipation 25	7
6.4 Environmental limits 27	7
6.4.1 Temperature 27	7
6.4.2 Relative humidity 28	8
6.4.3 Effective altitude (sea level) 28	8
6.4.4 Shock and vibration 29	8
6.4.5 Air cleanliness 31	8
6.4.6 Acoustics 31	8
6.4.7 Electromagnetic susceptibility 31	8
6.5 Mechanical specifications 32	8
7.0 Defect and error management 35	8
7.1 Drive internal defects 35	8
7.2 Drive error recovery procedures 35	8
7.3 SCSI systems errors 36	8
8.0 Installation 37	8
8.1 Drive ID/option select header 37	8
8.1.1 Notes for figures 15, 16, and 17. 40	8
8.1.2 Function description 41	8
8.2 Drive orientation 42	8
8.3 Cooling 42	8
8.3.1 Air flow 42	8
8.4 Drive mounting 43	8
8.5 Grounding 43	8
9.0 Interface requirements 45	8
9.1 General description 45	8
9.2 SCSI interface messages supported 45	8
9.3 SCSI interface commands supported 46	8
9.3.1 Inquiry Vital Product data 49	8
9.3.2 Mode Sense data 50	8
9.4 SCSI bus conditions and miscellaneous features supported 55	8
9.5 Synchronous data transfer 56	8
9.5.1 Synchronous data transfer periods supported 56	8
9.5.2 REQ/ACK offset 56	8
9.6 Physical interface 56	8
9.6.1 DC cable and connector 56	8
9.6.2 SCSI interface physical description 58	8
9.6.3 SCSI interface cable requirements 58	8
9.6.4 Mating connectors 59	8
9.7 Electrical description 67	8
9.7.1 Multimode—SE and LVD alternatives 67	8
9.8 Terminator requirements 69	8
9.9 Terminator power 69	8
9.10 Disc drive SCSI timing 70	8
9.11 Drive activity LED 71	8
10.0 Seagate Technology support services 73	8
Figure 1. Cheetah 18XL family drive (ST318404LC shown) 1	9
Figure 2. Cheetah 18XL family drive 6	9
Figure 3. Typical ST318404 drive +12 V current profile 23	9
Figure 4. Typical ST39204 drive +12 V current profile 23	9
Figure 5. Typical ST318404 drive +5 V current profile 24	9
Figure 6. TypicalST39204 drive +5 V current profile 24	9
Figure 7. ST318404 DC current and power vs. input/output operations per second (SE) 25	9
Figure 8. ST318404 DC current and power vs. input/output operations per second (LVD) 25	9
Figure 9. ST39204 DC current and power vs. input/output operations per second (SE) 26	9
Figure 10. ST39204 DC current and power vs. input/output operations per second (LVD) 26	9
Figure 11. Locations of PCBA components listed in Table 3 28	9
Figure 12. Recommended mounting 30	9
Figure 13. ST318404LW mounting configuration dimensions 32	9
Figure 14. ST318404LC mounting configuration dimensions 33	9
Figure 15. J6 jumper header 38	9
Figure 16. J5 jumper header (on LW models only) 39	9
Figure 17. J2 option select header 40	9
Figure 18. Air flow (suggested) 42	9
Figure 19. LW model drive physical interface (68-pin J1 SCSI I/O connector) 57	9
Figure 20. LC model drive physical interface (80-pin J1 SCSI I/O connector) 57	9
Figure 21. SCSI daisy chain interface cabling for LW drives 60	9
Figure 22. Nonshielded 68 pin SCSI device connector used on LW drives 61	9
Figure 23. Nonshielded 80 pin SCSI “SCA-2” connector, used on LC drives 62	9
Figure 24. LVD output signals 68	9
Figure 25. Typical SE-LVD alternative transmitter receiver circuits 68	9
1.0 Scope	11
2.0 Applicable standards and reference documentation	13
2.1 Standards	13
2.1.1 Electromagnetic compatibility	13
2.1.2 Electromagnetic susceptibility	13
2.2 Electromagnetic compliance	13
2.3 Reference documents	14
3.0 General description	15
3.1 Standard features	17
3.2 Media characteristics	17
3.3 Performance	17
3.4 Reliability	17
3.5 Unformatted and formatted capacities	18
3.6 Programmable drive capacity	18
3.7 Factory installed accessories	18
3.8 Options (factory installed)	18
4.0 Performance characteristics	19
4.1 Internal drive characteristics (transparent to user)	19
4.2 SCSI performance characteristics (visible to user)	19
4.2.1 Access time [5]	19
4.2.2 Format command execution time (minutes) [1]	19
4.2.3 Generalized performance characteristics	19
4.3 Start/stop time	20
4.4 Prefetch/multi-segmented cache control	20
4.5 Cache operation	20
4.5.1 Caching write data	21
4.5.2 Prefetch operation	22
5.0 Reliability specifications	23
5.1 Error rates	23
5.1.1 Environmental interference	23
5.1.2 Read errors	23
5.1.3 Write errors	23
5.1.4 Seek errors	23
5.2 Reliability and service	24
5.2.1 Mean time between failure	24
5.2.2 Field failure rate vs time	24
5.2.3 Preventive maintenance	25
5.2.4 Service life	25
5.2.5 Service philosophy	25
5.2.6 Service tools	25
5.2.7 Hot plugging Cheetah 18XL disc drives	25
5.2.8 S.M.A.R.T.	26
5.2.9 Drive Self Test (DST)	27
5.2.9.1 DST Failure Definition	27
5.2.9.2 Implementation	27
5.2.9.2.1 State of the drive prior to testing	27
5.2.9.2.2 Invoking DST	28
5.2.9.2.3 Short and extended tests	28
5.2.9.2.4 Log page entries	28
5.2.9.2.5 Abort	29
5.2.10 Product warranty	29
6.0 Physical/electrical specifications	31
6.1 AC power requirements	31
6.2 DC power requirements	31
6.2.1 Conducted noise immunity	32
6.2.2 Power sequencing	32
6.2.3 12 V - Current profile	32
6.3 Power dissipation	35
6.4 Environmental limits	37
6.4.1 Temperature	37
6.4.2 Relative humidity	38
6.4.3 Effective altitude (sea level)	38
6.4.4 Shock and vibration	39
6.4.4.1 Shock	39
6.4.4.2 Vibration	41
6.4.5 Air cleanliness	41
6.4.6 Acoustics	41
6.4.7 Electromagnetic susceptibility	41
6.5 Mechanical specifications	42
7.0 Defect and error management	45
7.1 Drive internal defects	45
7.2 Drive error recovery procedures	45
7.3 SCSI systems errors	46
8.0 Installation	47
8.1 Drive ID/option select header	47
8.1.1 Notes for figures 15, 16, and 17.	50
8.1.2 Function description	51
8.2 Drive orientation	52
8.3 Cooling	52
8.3.1 Air flow	52
8.4 Drive mounting	53
8.5 Grounding	53
9.0 Interface requirements	55
9.1 General description	55
9.2 SCSI interface messages supported	55
9.3 SCSI interface commands supported	56
9.3.1 Inquiry Vital Product data	59
9.3.2 Mode Sense data	60
9.4 SCSI bus conditions and miscellaneous features supported	65
9.5 Synchronous data transfer	66
9.5.1 Synchronous data transfer periods supported	66
9.5.2 REQ/ACK offset	66
9.6 Physical interface	66
9.6.1 DC cable and connector	66
9.6.2 SCSI interface physical description	68
9.6.3 SCSI interface cable requirements	68
9.6.4 Mating connectors	69
9.6.4.1 Mating connectors for LW model drives	69
9.6.4.2 Mating connectors for LC model drives	69
9.7 Electrical description	77
9.7.1 Multimode—SE and LVD alternatives	77
9.7.1.1 Single-ended drivers/receivers	79
9.7.1.2 Low voltage differential I/O circuits	79
9.7.1.3 General cable characteristics	79
9.8 Terminator requirements	79
9.9 Terminator power	79
9.10 Disc drive SCSI timing	80
9.11 Drive activity LED	81
10.0 Seagate Technology support services	83
Symbols	87
Numerics	87
A	87
B	87
C	87
D	87
E	88
F	88
G	88
H	88
I	89
J	89
K	89
L	89
M	89
N	89
O	90
P	90
R	90
S	90
T	91
U	91
V	91
W	91

Match case Limit results 1 per page

Cheetah 18XL Product Manual, Rev. G

not exceed the threshold before the interval expires, then the error rate is considered to be acceptable. In either

case, the interval and failure counters are reset and the process starts over.

Predictive failures

S.M.A.R.T. signals predictive failures when the drive is performing unacceptably for a period of time. The firm-

ware keeps a running count of the number of times the error rate for each attribute is unacceptable. To accom-

plish this, a counter is incremented whenever the error rate is unacceptable and decremented (not to exceed

zero) whenever the error rate is acceptable. Should the counter continually be incremented such that it reaches

the predictive threshold, a predictive failure is signaled. This counter is referred to as the Failure History

Counter. There is a separate Failure History Counter for each attribute.

5.2.9

Drive Self Test (DST)

Drive Self Test (DST) is a technology designed to recognize drive fault conditions that qualify the drive as a

failed unit. DST validates the functionality of the drive at a system level.

There are two test coverage options implemented in DST:

Extended test

Short text

The most thorough option is the extended test that performs various tests on the drive and scans every logical

block address (LBA) of the drive. The short test is time-restricted and limited in length—it does not scan the

entire media surface, but does some fundamental tests and scans portions of the media.

If DST encounters an error during either of these tests, it reports a fault condition. If the drive fails the test,

remove it from service and return it to Seagate for service.

5.2.9.1

DST Failure Definition

The drive will present a “diagnostic failed” condition through the self-tests results value of the diagnostic log

page if a functional failure is encountered during DST. The channel and servo parameters are not modified to

test the drive more stringently, and the number of retries are not reduced. All retries and recovery processes

are enabled during the test. If data is recoverable, no failure condition will be reported regardless of the number

of retries required to recover the data.

The following conditions are considered DST failure conditions:

•

Seek error after retries are exhausted

•

Track-follow error after retries are exhausted

•

Read error after retries are exhausted

•

Write error after retries are exhausted.

Recovered errors will not be reported as diagnostic failures.

5.2.9.2

Implementation

This section provides all of the information necessary to implement the DST function on this drive.

5.2.9.2.1

State of the drive prior to testing

The drive must be in a ready state before issuing the Send Diagnostic command. There are multiple reasons

why a drive may not be ready, some of which are valid conditions, and not errors. For example, a drive may be

in process of doing a format, or another DST. It is the responsibility of the host application to determine the “not

ready” cause.

While not technically part of DST, a Not Ready condition also qualifies the drive to be returned to Seagate as a

failed drive.

A Drive Not Ready condition is reported by the drive under the following conditions:

•

Motor will not spin

•

Motor will not lock to speed