Epson LX-90 User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90
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- Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 1
- Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 2
every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, Epson Corporation assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions. Neither is any registered trademark of Data Computer Corporation. HomeWriter, LX-90, PIG and QX-16 are trademarks of Epson America, Inc. IBM is a registered trademark - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 3
Contents Introduction 1 1 Installation and Operation 3 Inserting the Printer Interface Cartridge 3 Printing the Self Test 4 Connecting the Printer to Your Computer 5 Control Panel 6 Using Your Printer 7 2 SelecType 9 SelecType Operation 9 Turning SelecType on - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 4
ExpandedMode 27 Mode Combinations 27 Underline Mode 28 Master Select 29 Superscript and Subscript 30 International Characters 31 Special Graphics Character Set 34 6 Page Formatting 37 Margins 37 Skip-Over-Perforation 38 Line Spacing 38 Paper-OutSensor - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 5
Appendixes A LX-90 Characters A-l DraftMode A-2 NLQMode A-4 B Software Commands in Numerical Order Interface D-l DIP Switches D-l Interface D-4 E Troubleshooting and Advanced Features E-l Installation of Commercial Software Programs E-l SelecType Features and - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 6
Introduction The Epson LX-90™ printer with the PIC for parallel interface systems combines low price with the high quality and advanced capabilities formerly available only on more expensive printers. The LX-90 User's Manual tells you how to set up your printer. This Printer Interface Cartridge - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 7
Chapter 1 Installation and Operation After you have set up your printer and loaded the paper (following the directions in the LX-90 User's Manual), you are ready to plug in your Printer Interface Cartridge (PIG™) and begin printing. Inserting the Printer Interface Cartridge Inserting the PIC is easy - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 8
the PIC is installed, you need to change the settings of three small switches, called DIP switches, in the back of the printer, Figure 1-2 to test your printer. Printing the Self Test It's time to see the LX-90 in action. You'll start with a self test. Don't connect the printer to your computer yet - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 9
you turn the printer on with the power switch. The LX-90 begins printing printer connections, you need a separate cable to connect the PIC cable to your computer. Connect the separate cable to the plug on the end of the PIC cable and then plug the other end into your computer. Your computer manual - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 10
Control Panel After connecting your LX-90 to your computer, turn on the printer and look at the control panel, which is light glows green when the power is on. l The READY light glows green when the printer is ready to accept data. Don't worry if this light flickers somewhat during printing; this - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 11
load the program into your computer, follow the printing instructions, and watch your LX-90 print. If your software program requires you to specify which printer you are using, see Appendix E for instructions. If you plan to use your LX-90 for printing program listings, load a program and use the - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 12
LX-90 enables you to use a feature called SelecType to produce five special typestyles: Typewriter-style Near Letter Quality, Emphasized bold printing, Double-strike bold printing, Conpressed narrow printing, or Elite printing. Choosing typestyles with SelecType is simple. A few taps on the printer - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 13
Figure 2-1. Turning SelecType on When you press the ON LINE and FF buttons, the LX-90 signals in three ways that SelecType is on. l The printer beeps. l The READY light turns off. l The ON LINE light begins flashing. Selecting typestyles In SelecType, each button has a function: l ON LINE selects - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 14
mode column. Be sure that the printer beeps each time you press the ON control panel returns to its normal functions, but the printer is off line. 5. Press the ON LINE button, and for this exercise, simply turn on your computer and printer. Then type the short program listed below. Only the - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 15
printing instructions of your software. The LX-90 will print your example in standard singlestrike printing, as shown below: This is an example of LX-90 printing. just as you see below: This is an example of LX-90 printing. Turn off your printer to cancel the emphasized setting, and-if you wish-try - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 16
instructions below : 1. See that the ON LINE and READY lights are on. 2. Press the ON LINE and FF buttons at the same time. 3. Press the ON LINE button once and then the FF button once. Since one is the code for NLQ, you have now set the LX-90 any other results, turn your printer off and back on and - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 17
Don't worry about harming your printer if you try to combine two modes that the LX-90 can't mix. Your settings cannot damage the printer because it is prepared for in the back of your printer. See Appendix D for instructions. For more information on the typestyles in this chapter, see Chapters 3, 4, and - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 18
later chapters, particularly the ones on user-defined characters and graphics. The Print Head The LX-90 uses a print head with nine pins or wires mounted vertically. Each time a pin is fired, it strikes the inked ribbon and presses it against the paper to produce a dot. This dot is about 1/72nd of - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 19
each of the three pitches. These letters are chosen to show how the LX-90 prints letters that are uppercase and lowercase, wide and narrow, and with This is elite. This is compressed. Figure 3-2. The three pitches of the LX-90 The dot pattern of each character is carefully designed so that in pica no - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 20
Letter Quality and draft characters compared With the two modes, draft and NLQ, the LX-90 lets you choose high speed or high quality each time you print. You can print a DIP switch in the back of your printer. You can find the software command in Chapter 4 and the operation of the switch in - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 21
letters of the alphabet. l LPRINT sends text or commands to the printer. Your word processing or business program may use other methods to send those manual for further information and use Appendixes B and C of this manual to find the proper codes. Appendix E also has some suggestions on using LX-90 - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 22
learn how the LX-90 responds to the messages your computer sends it by printing letters, numbers, symbols, and graphics in various print modes. Even if you never use BASIC again, you will know the capabilities of your printer, capabilities that can often solve your printing problems. For example, if - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 23
printer is how to turn it on and how to load paper. If you need help with the installation program for your software, see Appendix E. Running BASIC Programs This section describes how to run the BASIC demonstration programs in this manual three LX-90 pitches. Now you'll learn how to produce them. 20 - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 24
Now you can try other pitches. As explained in Chapter 3, the LX-90 uses the same pattern of dots for pica, elite, and compressed mode there are 12 characters per inch, and in compressed there are 17.16. The LX-90 prints in elite when it receives the ESCape "M" command and prints in compressed when - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 25
rule. To cancel pica, turn on elite or compressed. l By resetting the printer, a method explained in the next section. Resetting the Printer Resetting your LX-90 cancels all modes that are turned on. You can reset the printer with one of two methods: l Sending the reset code (Escape "@") l Turning - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 26
you may have turned on, and the current position of the print head becomes the top-of-page setting. Some of the demonstration programs end with a reset code (Escape "a") so that the commands from one program will not interfere with the commands in the next one. After you run a program with a reset - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 27
elite or compressed. All the modes demonstrated in this chapter are compared in Table 4-l. Table 4-1. Summary of LX-90 pitches Print sample Near Letter Quality Pica print. Elite print Compressed print Compressed elite print or software that sends the proper codes to the printer. 24 - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 28
) covered in Chapters 3 and 4, the LX-90 offers many other typestyles. Emphasized Mode In the emphasized mode the LX-90 prints each dot twice, with the second dot ); "E"; 30 LPRINT "This is emphasized printing." 100 LPRINT CHR$(27);"@" This is standard printing. This is emphasized printing. 25 - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 29
are already so close together that even with the reduced print speed, the LX-90 cannot fire, retract, and again fire the pins quickly enough to print 20 LPRINT CHR$(27); "G"; 30 LPRINT "This is double-strike printing." 100 LPRINT CHR$(27);"@" This is standard printing. This is double-strike printing. - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 30
standard printing." 29 LPRINT CHR$(27) ; "W1"; 30 LPRINT "This is expanded." 100 LPRINT CHR$(27);"@" This is standard printing. This i s expanded For this mode the combine nearly all of the print modes on the LX-90; your LX-90 printer can print such complicated combinations as double-strike - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 31
trouble. This is standard printing. Emphaasized expanded A later section in this chapter explains a special ESCape code, Master Select, which allows you to control six features with one ESCape sequence. Underline Mode The LX-90 30 LPRINT "This text is underlined." 100 LPRINT CHR$(27);"@" This text is - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 32
Master Select The LX-90 has a special ESCape code called Master Select that allows you to choose any possible combination of seven different modes: pica, elite, compressed, emphasized, double-strike, - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 33
combine emphasized with either of the two narrow pitches, you won't harm your printer; it will simply use a priority list in its memory to determine which . If you use ESCape "I" 16 to turn on double-strike, your LX-90 will begin printing in double-strike pica instead of double-strike elite because - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 34
LX-90 has provided for printing in many languages by having nearly 100 5 Sweden 6 Italy 7 Spain 8 Japan 9 Norway 10 Denmark II You select the character set in one of two ways: with an international sets quite a bit, see Appendix D for instructions for using the DIP switches. Once you have selected - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 35
Table 5-l. International characters in NLQ mode Table 5-2. International characters in draft mode Table S-3. International characters in draft italic mode The number at the top of each column in the tables is the ASCII code that prints the characters in that column. 32 - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 36
Once you have selected an international character set with the DIP switches or the ESCape "R" code, you can use the tables to see which keys on your standard keyboard can produce the international characters you want. Simply type the character from the top row of one of the figures in order to print - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 37
Special Graphics Character Set The LX-90 printer's Read Only Memory (ROM) also contains the 32 graphics characters that you see in Figure 5-1. 5-l. After you have used the ESCape code to turn on the graphics character set, the LX-90 prints the codes from 128 through 159 as graphics characters. 34 - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 38
You can change pitch and weight with the graphics characters just as you can with the other characters in the ROM of the LX-90. The characters in Figure 5-l are printed in expanded elite. The printout below shows the characters in pica: The next printout shows the characters in emphasized - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 39
Chapter 6 Page Formatting Although the LX-90 printer has many sophisticated commands to set margins, information, see Appendixes B and C, where all the commands are listed and described. Margins The LX-90 allows you to set the left and right margins with simple ESCape sequences. The left margin - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 40
the LX-90 manual if you need to refresh your memory on setting the top of page.) Line Spacing Ordinarily you don't have to worry about how the printer moves the paper so that it doesn't print lines of text on top of each other; the LX-90 takes care of this without any special instructions. The - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 41
(the black roller) of your LX-90 printer is a small switch that senses whether or not paper is in the printer. When the end of the paper passes this switch, it triggers a signal that sounds the beeper and stops your printing. This saves wear on your print head, ribbon, and platen, but because of - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 42
The centering command centers a line of text between the margins. This is handy for headings, titles, and captions. Right justification is the opposite of left justification. The right margin is even and the left is not. Auto justification puts extra spaces between words where necessary so that both - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 43
you need or want. It may seem that designing a character and telling the LX-90 how to print it would be extremely complicated, but in this chapter the task DATA numbers, and running another program to put the character in your printer's Random Access Memory (RAM) for use whenever you need it. Because - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 44
follow the same rules that govern the rest of the characters printed by the LX-90. In Figure 7-l are four pica letters with a grid of lines behind you want to print the scientific symbol for the planet Mercury. Although the LX-90 has a number of special symbols, Mercury's symbol is not one of them - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 45
not included in the grid. And since most characters do not use the bottom two rows, a heavy line indicates the usual lower limit for an LX-90 character. When you place your dots on this grid, remember that dots cannot go on horizontal lines, but they can go on vertical lines so - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 46
you translate your design into a character your LX-90 can print. Type it in now so that you can run it soon. NEW 100 DIM F(9) 110 FOR I=1 TO 9 120 ) "!"CHR$(0)"YOUR DATA NUMBERS:" 270 FOR K=l TO 9: LPRINT F(K);: NEXT K 300 LPRINT: END So that you can see how the program works, the next paragraphs - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 47
produce the character in Figure 7-4, run the program and follow these instructions: When the screen message asks what rows have dots in the Now wait a moment for your computer to calculate the dot patterns and your LX-90 to print the new character in two different typestyles. Your printout also gives - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 48
or two changes explained after the program listing. NEW 90 FOR P=58 TO 63: LPRINT CHR$(P);: NEXT P 95 LPRINT 100 K=l: IF K>3 THEN A=58 ELSE A=60 110 ,170,0,47,0,170,80,0 290 FOR P=58 TO 63: LPRINT CHR$(P);: NEXT P 300 LPRINT: END To use program 2 for your own character or characters, change the - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 49
of characters you are defining instead of the 1 in line 100. (You can define as many as six characters at printer will print the corresponding character in the bottom row. In the example above, if you press ( your LX-90 Then use the two-line printout as your guide to tell you which keys to press for - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 50
NLQ grid Because the NLQ characters can use as many as 18 dots vertically and 12 dots horizontally, you plan your designs on a different grid than the one for draft characters. Figure 7-6. Grid for NLQ characters On this grid you can use any numbered line or space. As you can see, that includes the - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 51
Figure 7-7. Data numbers for one column To calculate the data numbers for this column, note which dots are used in the top group (the top eight positions) and add their values together. Then go down to the middle group (the next 8 positions) and add the values of any dots that are used there. - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 52
Figure 7-8. Musical design and data numbers If you look at each column individually, you can see how the data numbers are calculated. NLQ definition program 1 Now type in and run the following program. It has the data numbers for the musical design. For a character of your own, change the data - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 53
CHR$(27)"&"CHR$(0)" - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 54
CHR$(A-1+J); 70 FOR Y=1 TO J 80 LPRINT CHR$(0)CHR$(12)CHR$(0); 90 FOR X=1 TO 36: READ C: LPRINT CHR$(C); 100 NEXT X: NEXT Y 110 FOR X=58 TO 63: LPRINT CHR$(X)" you use this two-line printout as a guide to the new characters your LX-90 will print. You can use them with an applications program or a - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 55
Dot Graphics The dot graphics mode allows your LX-90 to produce pictures, graphs, charts, or LX-90 where to put them. Because many software programs use dot graphics, you may be able to print pictures and graphs like the ones on this page and the next by simply giving your software a few instructions - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 56
INSTALLATIONS BY MONTH 100 U N I T S 0 JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC The quickest and easiest way to print graphics on your LX-90 is to use a commercial graphics program. With such programs you usually create an image on your monitor or TV screen and then give a command to send the image to the printer. - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 57
the space between lines. With a change in line spacing, the LX-90 can print finely detailed graphic images that give no indication that they are different from the other commands covered so far in this manual. For most of the other LX-90 modes, such as emphasized and expanded, one ESCape code - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 58
as many as 1920 columns are possible in graphics printing. Since the LX-90 doesn't use decimal numbers larger than 255, the graphics mode command uses are reserving and make n2 a zero. Pin Labels Once you put the printer into graphics mode and reserve the number of columns you want, your next step - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 59
of the eight pins adds up to a decimal number between 0 and 255, and no numbers are duplicated. Now that you know the principles of Epson graphics, you're ready for two simple exercises, more densities, and then something more complex as a basis for writing your own programs. First Graphics - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 60
- 130 characters. This insertion is usually no problem with text, but it can spoil your graphics. One format is shown below. Consult your software manual to find the proper format for your system. LX-90 combines several lines of graphics for a figure taller than eight dots. Start with a line for 100 - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 61
CHR$(42); 60 NEXT X: LPRINT 70 LPRINT CHR$(27)"K"CHR$(100)CHR$(0); 80 FOR X=1 TO 50: LPRINT CHR$(42)CHR$(85); 90 NEXT X: LPRINT: NEXT R 100 LPRINT CHR$(27)"@" Now run the program to see the six must be issued before each line. Line 100 is the reset code to return the printer to its defaults. 59 - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 62
Speed Double High-Speed Double Quadruple CRT graphics One-to-one (plotter) CRT graphics II Alternate code Description ESC "K" 60 dots per inch; 480 dots per 8" line command format that uses the ESCape code and a letter, but LX-90 graphics commands can also be in the following format: LPRINT CHR - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 63
Reassigning Code The LX-90 has a graphics command that changes one graphics mode to another. is multiplied by 256 and added to nl. The command for the maximum number of dots you can reserve on the LX-90, then, is: CHR$(27)"Z"CHR$(l28)CHR$(7); or, in the other format: CHR$(27)"*"CHR$(3)CHR$(128)CHR - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 64
the value for n2. For programming languages other than BASIC, consult your manual for the proper form for these functions. This format can be used with complex figure so that you have the basis for designing graphics on your LX-90. You should plan your figure with dots on graph paper, but before - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 65
lines, but no dots can overlap. In low-speed double density dots can be placed on vertical lines and they can overlap. Now look at the figure designed for high-speed double density. It should point you in the right direction for your own designs. Figure 8-4. Arrow design Although the top pin (value - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 66
in DATA statements, separated by commas. First is the whole program and its printout, then an explanation of two techniques not used before: NEW 90 WIDTH LPRINT 255 100 LPRINT CHR$(27)"A"CHR$(7) 590 FOR K=1 TO 3 600 LPRINT CHR$(27)"Y"CHR$(50)CHR$(0); 610 READ N: IF N=128 THEN 650 620 IF N>=0 THEN - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 67
line 800 is read, the program then reads the next two numbers (8 and 0) and sends them to the printer 6 from DATA statements and sends them to the printer. If you want to see the figure in string variables. 10 WIDTH LPRINT 255 20 G$=CHR$(27)+"K"+CHR$(100)+CHR$(0) 30 A$=CHR$(85)+CHR$(42) 40 B$=CHR$( - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 68
Notice that the first line stores the whole graphics command in a single string variable. In order to do this you must put plus signs between the elements of the command. Once you have done this at the beginning of the program, each time you enter LPRINT G$; you have issued the graphics command. - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 69
Appendix A LX-90 Characters This appendix is a listing of the characters produced by the decimal codes from 0 for draft and once for NLQ. See Chapter 5 for the international characters. The codes for printer instructions, such as expanded and emphasized printing, are in Appendixes B and C. A-l - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 70
52 R 83 53 S 84 54 T 85 55 U 86 56 V 87 57 W 88 58 X 89 59 Y 90 5A Z 91 5B [ 92 5C \ 93 5D ] 94 5E ^ 95 5F _ Dec Hex Char 96 60 ` 97 61 a 98 62 b 99 63 c 100 64 d 101 65 e 102 66 f 103 67 g 104 68 h 105 69 i 106 6A j 107 6B k 108 6C l - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 71
136 88 BS 137 89 HT 138 8A LF 139 8B VT 140 8C FF 141 8D CR 142 8E SO 143 8F SI 144 90 none 145 91 DC1 146 92 DC2 147 93 DC3 148 94 DC4 149 95 none 150 96 none 151 97 none 152 98 CAN - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 72
52 R 83 53 S 84 54 T 85 55 U 86 56 V 87 57 W 88 58 X 89 59 y 90 5A Z 91 5B [ 92 5C \ 93 5D ] 94 5E ^ 95 5F _ Dec Hex Char 96 60 ` 97 61 98 62 b 99 63 c 100 64 d 101 65 e 102 66 f 103 67 g 104 68 h 105 69 i 106 6A j 107 6B k 108 6C 1 - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 73
136 88 BS 137 89 HT 138 8A LF 139 8B VT 140 8C FF 141 8D CR 142 8E SO 143 8F SI 144 90 none 145 91 DC1 146 92 DC2 147 93 DC3 148 94 DC4 149 95 none 150 96 none 151 97 none 152 98 CAN - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 74
list shows the control codes and ESCape sequences that the LX-90 uses along with their decimal values. For further details on line C-5 SI Select Compressed Mode C-4 DC1 Select Printer C-24 DC2 Cancel Compressed Mode C-4 DC3 Deselect Printer C-24 DC4 Cancel Expanded Mode (one line) . - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 75
Mode C-26 ESC 63 ESC ? Reassign Graphics Mode C-21 ESC 64 ESC @ Initialize Printer C-26 ESC 65 ESC A Select n/72-Inch Line Spacing C-14 ESC 66 ESC B Expanded Mode C-6 ESC 89 ESC Y High-Speed Double-Density Graphics . C-20 ESC 90 ESC Z Quadruple-Density Graphics Mode . . C-20 ESC 94 ESC A Select - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 76
ESC 98 ESC b ESC 101 ESC e ESC 102 ESC f ESC 108 ESC l ESC 109 ESC m ESC 115 ESC s ESC 120 ESC x Select Vertical Tabs in Channels C-17 Set Horizontal and Vertical Tabs . . . . . C-18 Print Spaces or Line Feeds C-18 Set Left Margin C-11 Select Special Graphics Characters. . . . C-10 Select Half- - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 77
Appendix C Command Summary This appendix describes all the PIC control codes. They are divided into these categories: Near Letter Quality (NLQ) Character Width (Pitch) Print Enhancement Page Formatting Graphics User-Defined Characters Other Codes Each command has a format section and a comment - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 78
In BASIC you can use either decimal or hexadecimal numbers, and if there is a single letter in the second ASCII code column, you can use that letter in quotation marks instead of the number below it. For example, the format section for the right margin command is as follows: ASCII code: ESC - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 79
Near Letter Quality Mode ESC x Select NLQ or draft Format: ASCII code: ESC Decimal: 27 Hexadecimal : 1B (n) 120 ( n ) 78 (n) Comments: n = 0 selects draft mode n = 1 selects Near Letter Quality (NLQ) mode ESC a NLQ Justification Format: ASCII code: ESC Decimal : 27 Hexadecimal : 1B - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 80
Character Width (Pitch) SI Select Compressed Mode Format: ASCII code: SI Decimal : 15 Hexadecimal: O F Control: CTRL O Comments: Compressed mode has 17.16 characters per inch. Not available in NLQ. ESC SI Format: ASCII code: ESC SI Decimal: 27 15 Hexadecimal: 1B OF Comments: - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 81
so Select Expanded Mode (one line) Format: ASCII code: S O Decimal: I4 Hexadecimal: O E Control: CTRL N Comments: Doubles the width of all characters. It can be cancelled by a carriage return, DC4, ESC W0 or ESC !. ESC SO Select Expanded Mode (one line) Format: ASCII code: ESC SO - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 82
ESC W Select/Cancel Expanded Mode Format: ASCII code: ESC Decimal : 27 Hexadecimal: I B W (n) 87 (n) 57 (n) Comments: Expanded mode doubles the width of all characters. n = 1 selects the mode n = 0 cancels it ESC M Select Elite Pitch Format: ASCII code: ESC M Decimal: 27 77 - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 83
Print Enhancement ESC E Select Emphasized Mode Format: ASCII code: ESC E Decimal: 27 69 Hexadecimal : I B 45 Comments: In emphasized each dot is printed twice, with the second dot slightly to the right of the first. Reduces print head speed. Valid only in pica mode. ESC F Cancel - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 84
ESC H Cancel Double-Strike Mode Format: ASCII code: ESC H Decimal : 27 72 Hexadecimal: I B 48 Comments: Turns off the mode selected by ESC G. ESC SO Format: ASCII code: ESC Decimal: 27 Hexadecimal : I B s 0 83 0 53 0 Comments: Selects superscript mode. Select Superscript ESC - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 85
ESC - Select/Cancel Underlining Format: ASCII code: ESC Decimal : 27 Hexadecimal: I B - (n) 45 (n) 2D ( n ) Comments: n = 1 selects underlining n = 0 cancels it. ESC ! Master Select Format: ASCII code: ESC Decimal: 27 Hexadecimal : I B ! (n) 33 (n) 21 ( n ) Comments: Selects any - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 86
ESC 5 Format: ASCII code: ESC 5 Decimal: 27 53 Hexadecimal: 1B 35 Comments: Cancels the mode selected by ESC 4. Cancel Italic Mode ESC R Select an International Character Set Format: ASCII code: ESC Decimal: 27 Hexadecimal: I B R (n) 82 ( n ) 52 (n) Comments: See Chapter 5 for - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 87
Page Formatting Margins ESC Q Set Right Margin Format: ASCII code: ESC Decimal : 27 Hexadecimal: I B Q (n) 81 ( n ) 51 (n) Comments: Sets the right margin. Also cancels all text in the print buffer. The range of n is shown below: 2-80 in pica 3-96 in elite 4-137 in compressed 4-160 in - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 88
line on the next page. For example, with the standard settings for line spacing and page length (66 lines) ESC N 6 will cause the LX-90 to print 60 lines and then skip 6. ESC O Cancel Skip-Over-Perforation Format: ASCII code: ESC O Decimal: 27 79 Hexadecimal: I B 4F Comments: Cancels - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 89
ESC 0 Select l/&-Inch Line Spacing Format: ASCII code: ESC 0 Decimal: 27 48 Hexadecimal: 1B 30 Comments: Sets the line spacing to 1/8 of an inch for subsequent line feed commands. The "0" is the digit zero and not ASCII code 0. ESC 1 Select 7/72-Inch Line Spacing Format: ASCII code: - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 90
ESC 3 Select n/216-Inch Line Spacing Format: ASCII code: ESC Decimal: 27 Hexadecimal: I3 3 (n) 51 (n) 33 (n) Comments: Sets the line spacing to n/216 of an inch for subsequent line feed commands. The "3" is the digit three and not ASCII code 3. The value of n should be in the range 0 to 255. - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 91
Form feed and page length FF Form Feed Format: ASCII code: F F Decimal: 12 Hexadecimal: 0C Control: CTRL L Comments: Prints the data in the print buffer and advances the paper to the top of the next page according to the current page length. ESC C Select Page Length in Lines Format: - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 92
Tabs HT Tab Horizontally Format: ASCII code: H T Decimal: 9 Hexadecimal: 09 Control: CTRL I Comments: Advances the print position to the next horizontal tab setting. ESC D Set Horizontal Tabs Format: ASCII code: ESC Decimal: 27 Hexadecimal: 1B D (n1) (n2) ... 0 68 (n1) (n2) ... 0 - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 93
ESC B Select Vertical Tabs Format: ASCII code: ESC Decimal: 27 Hexadecimal: 1B B (n1) (n2) ... 0 66 (n1) (n2) ... 0 42 (n1) (n2) ... 00 Comments: Sets up to 16 vertical tabs in the current line spacing. Tab settings are not affected by subsequent changes in line spacing. Terminate this tab - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 94
ESC e Set Horizontal and Vertical Tabs Format: ASCII code: ESC Decimal: 27 Hexadecimal: 1B e (n1) (n2) 101 (n1) (n2) 85 (n1) (n2) Comments: Sets horizontal and vertical tab increments. Horizontal format when nl = 0. In BASIC: CHR$(27);"eO";CHR!$(n) where n is the number of spaces and equals: - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 95
Graphics Note: See Chapter 8 for sample graphics programs. ESC K Format: ASCII code: ESC Decimal: 27 Hexadecimal: 1B -Select Single-Density Graphics Mode K (n1) (n2) 75 (n1) (n2) 4B (n1) (n2) Comments: Turns on single-density graphics mode with 480 possible dots per 8-inch line. If d is the - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 96
must be followed by d data numbers. ESC Z Select Quadruple-Density Graphics Mode Format: ASCII code: ESC Decimal: 27 Hexadecimal: 1B Z (n1) (n2) 90 (n1) (n2) 5A (n1) (n2) Comments: Turns on quadruple-density graphics mode with 1920 possible dot positions per B-inch line. Will not print - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 97
of dots required nl and n2 are as below: nl = d MOD 256 and n2 = INT(d / 256) and are followed by two times d data bytes. The printer expects two data items for each column of print. c-21 - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 98
Into RAM Format: ASCII code: ESC Decimal : 27 Hexadecimal: 1B :000 58 0 0 0 3A 00 00 00 Comments: This code allows the characters in the LX-90 ROM to be copied into RAM so that specific characters can be redefined. ESC % Select User-Defined Set Format: ASCII code: ESC Decimal: 27 - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 99
Other Codes BEL Format: ASCII code: BEL Decimal: 7 Hexadecimal: 07 Control: CTRL G Comments: Sounds the printer's beeper. Beeper BS Backspace Format: ASCII code: B S Decimal: 8 Hexadecimal: 08 Control: CTRL H Comments: Prints out data in the print buffer, then moves the print - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 100
on the control panel. DC3 Format: ASCII code: DC3 Decimal: 19 Hexadecimal: 13 Control: CTRL S Deselect Printer Comments: Places the printer in off-line mode until the select printer code DC1 is received. CAN Cancel Line Format: ASCII code: CAN Decimal: 24 Hexadecimal: 18 Control - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 101
page D-3. ESC 9 Enable Paper-Out Sensor Format: ASCII code: ESC 9 Decimal: 27 57 Hexadecimal: 1B 39 Comments: Turns on paper-out sensor so that the printer beeper sounds and printing stops when the - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 102
positioning during text printing for one line only. It is cancelled by a carriage return. ESC @ Initialize Printer Format: ASCII code: ESC @ Decimal: 27 64 Hexadecimal: 1B 40 Comments: Resets the printer to the power-on state, including top of form. Clears the buffer of all data entered - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 103
ESC s Select Half-Speed Mode Format: ASCII code: ESC Decimal: 27 Hexadecimal: 1B (n) 115 (n) 73 (n) Comments: n = 1 selects the mode n = 0 cancels it. DEL Delete Character Format: ASCII code: DEL Decimal: 127 Hexadecimal: 7F Comments: Removes the last text character in the print - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 104
DIP (for Dual In-Line Package) switches are in the back of your LX-90 printer. These switches control a number of important printer functions. This appendix also describes the interface. DIP Switches The design of the LX-90 gives you easy access to the switches, which you can locate using Figure - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 105
Switch Z-2 selects draft or Near Letter Quality. When it is ON, the printer prints in the NLQ mode. When it is OFF, it prints in the draft cut-sheet feeder, a device that automatically loads single sheets of paper into the printer. When it is ON, the cut-sheet feeder is enabled. When it is OFF - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 106
of paper, there are two solutions to this problem. Buy a computer cable designed to overcome the problem; or use longer paper as a backing sheet affect the printer. When it is OFF, DC1 selects the printer and DC3 deselects the printer. Switch 2-3 controls line feeds. When it is ON, the LX-90 adds an - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 107
logical 0. IN IN OUT Approximately 12-microsecond pulse. LOW indicates that data has been received and that the printer is ready to accept more data. OUT A HIGH signal indicates that the printer cannot receive data. The signal goes HIGH in the following cases: 1) During data entry (ea. char. time - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 108
Twisted-pair return signal ground level. IN When this level becomes LOW, the printer controller is reset to its powerup state and the print buffer is cleared. be shielded and connected to the chassis of the host computer or the printer but not at both ends. 3. All interface conditions are based on - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 109
be carried out only after receipt of the ACKNLG signal or when the level of the BUSY signal is LOW.) 5. Under normal conditions, printer cable pins 11, 12, and 32 are activated when the paper-out condition is detected. The ESCape"8" code disables pins 11 and 32, but not - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 110
ones at the bottom. Epson LX-90 Epson HomeWriterEpson FX Epson RX Epson printer Epson MX Draft printer Some programs allow you to install the LX-90 as a custom printer and specify its characteristics. If you choose to do this, follow the instructions in your software manual and use the appendixes - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 111
is to use the installation program for your software to remove all codes from the initialization sequence. See your software manual for details. If you your printer off and back on with the power switch on the right side of the printer. This cancels all SelecType settings, returns your LX-90 to its - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 112
the platen and cause problems with paper feeding and irregular darkness of printing. If this happens, take your LX-90 to a qualified service person; do not attempt to remove the label yourself. Beeper Error Warnings When the LX-90's beeper sounds, it usually indicates that the printer is out of - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 113
print again, take it to a qualified service person. Applesoft BASIC Solutions Applesoft BASIC does not use PRINT to send data to the screen and LPRINT to send data to the printer as Microsoft BASIC does. Therefore, you need to change the programs in this manual somewhat. In most cases all you need - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 114
Mode The LX-90 has a special feature that makes it easy for experienced printer users to find the causes of problems. Called the data dump mode, it gives a printout of exactly what codes reach the printer. Enter this mode by turning on the power switch on the right side of the printer while holding - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 115
in the guide section by a dot, an E, and two more dots. Now you can follow a data dump printout on your own. Some software changes one or more codes when sending them to the printer. The ability of the LX-90 to dump in hexadecimal lets you determine which codes are creating problems for your - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 116
The data dumping capability can help you find problems and debug programs quickly. 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 OA OB OC OD OE OF 10 11 12 13 14 77 78 79 7A 7B 7C 7D 7E 7F 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 8A 8B 8C 8D 8E 8F 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 9A 9B 9C 9D 9E 9F A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 117
, 22 Characters printed by the LX-90, Al-A5 CHR$, 18 CHR!$(27). See ESCape code Codes. See ASCII; Control codes; ESCape code; cancelling, 22 Commands listed by function, Cl-C27 listed by number, Bl-B3 Commercial software installation, El Communications, computer/printer, 18 Compressed mode, 16, 21 - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 118
DIP switches G Graphics, 53-66 characters, Cl0 designing your own, 62-66 nine-pin, C21 pin labels, 56-57 reassigning code, 61 summary table, 60 troubleshooting, E4 Grounding wire, 3 Index-2 - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 119
H Head. See Print head Hex dumping. See Data dump mode HomeWriter-10, 1 I Installation. See Commercial software Interface, D4 International characters, 31-33, D3 J Justification with NLQ, 39-40 L Left margin. See Margins LE See Control panel Line feed, - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 120
length, D2 PAPER-OUT light, 6 Paper-out sensor, 39 DIP switch control of, D3 Parallel interface, D4 Perforation. See Skip-over-perforation PIC. See Printer Interface Cartridge Pica mode, 16, 21, 24 Pins, numbering of, 56-57 Pitch comparison table, 24 See also Pica; Elite; Compressed POWER light - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 121
S SelecType feature, 9-12 cancelling functions with, E2-E3 troubleshooting, El-E2 Self-adhesive labels, E3 Self test, 4-5 Single-sheet printing, 39 Skip-over-perforation, 38 Spacing. See Line spacing Special graphics characters, Cl0 Subscript - Epson LX-90 | User Manual - Parallel 8620 PIC for LX-90 - Page 122
Center or the Dealer from whom the product was purchased. Any postage, insurance and shipping costs incurred in presenting or sending your Epson product for service are your responsibility. The Dealer's original bill of sale or other satisfactory proof of the date of the original buyer purchase of
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