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Appendix C Troubleshooting Q&A, APPENDIX C

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APPENDIX C Troubleshooting Q & A Appendix C Troubleshooting Q&A This section is designed to answer some of the common questions regarding the 400W-series capabilities and operation. If you have a problem operating the unit, read through this appendix and refer to the reference section noted. If you don't find answers to your particular question here, use the index to find the appropriate section elsewhere in this manual. If, after reading through the appropriate reference section, you still haven't found the answer to your question, please see your authorized dealer or contact GARMIN directly at the address or phone numbers listed on page ii. GARMIN is dedicated to supporting its products and customers. What is RAIM, and how does it affect approach operations? RAIM is an acronym for Receiver Autonomous Integ- rity Monitoring, a GPS receiver function that performs a consistency check on all tracked satellites. RAIM ensures that the available satellite geometry will allow the receiver to calculate a position within a specified protection limit (4 NM for oceanic, 2 NM for en route, 1 NM for terminal and 0.3 NM for non-precision approaches). During oceanic, en route and terminal phases of flight, RAIM will be available nearly 100% of the time. Because of the tighter protection limit on approaches, there may be times when RAIM is not available. The 400W-series unit automatically monitors RAIM and will warn you with an alert message (see Section 11) when it is not available, and the INTEG annunciator ( ) will appear at the bottom left corner of the screen. If RAIM is not available when crossing the FAF, the pilot must fly the missed approach procedure. The 400W- series unit RAIM prediction function will also allow you to see whether RAIM will be available for a specified date and time. NOTE: RAIM prediction is not directly related to WAAS integrity. RAIM integrity prediction is performed by the internal GPS receiver and is performed at all times. WAAS integrity is reported by the WAAS satellite system and only works within the WAAS service volume. WAAS approaches require WAAS integrity. Outside of the WAAS service volume, such as an Oceanic flight, RAIM prediction will be used. Why aren't there any approaches available for my flight plan? Approaches are available for the final destination airport in a flight plan or as a direct-to (keep in mind that some VOR/VORTAC identifiers are similar to airport identifiers). If a destination airport does not have a GPS approach, the 400W-series unit will indicate "NONE" for the available procedures-as listed on the airport approach page. For more information on selecting an approach, see Section 4 - Flight Plans, Select Approach. 190-00356-00 Rev G 197

Section	Page
Introduction	3
Cautions	3
Accessories and Packing List	5
Limited Warranty	6
Model Descriptions	11
GPS 400W	11
GNC 420W/420AW	11
GNS 430W/430AW	11
Takeoff Tour	11
Key and Knob Functions	12
Left-hand Keys and Knobs	12
Right-hand Keys and Knobs	13
Bottom Row Keys	14
Power On	15
Powering up the 400W-Series Unit	15
Instrument Panel Self-Test	16
Fuel On Board and Checklists	17
Acquiring Satellites/Messages	18
Selecting COM and VLOC Frequencies	19
Page Groups	20
Nav Pages	22
Default Nav Page	23
Map Page	24
NavCom Page	25
Direct-To Navigation	26
IFR Procedures	27
Nearest (NRST) Pages	28
Nearest Airport	29
Nearest Airspace Page	30
Flight Plans	31
Section 1 - COM - Communicating Using the GNC 420W/AW and GNS 430W/AW	33
Volume	33
Squelch	33
COM Window and Tuning	34
Auto-Tuning	35
Emergency Channel	37
Stuck Microphone	37
Remote Frequency Selection Control	38
Section 2 NAV Pages	39
Main Page Groups	39
NAV Page Group	39
Default NAV Page	40
Selecting Desired On-Screen Data	41
Restoring Factory Settings	42
Dual Unit Considerations	42
Map Page	42
Map Symbols	43
Map Range	43
Map Page Auto Zoom	44
Map Panning	45
Map Direct-To	46
Airspace Information on the Map	46
Map Page Options	47
Map Setup	47
Data Fields on the Map	50
Selecting Desired On-Screen Data	50
Restoring Factory Settings	51
Terrain Operation	51
Operating Criteria	51
Terrain Limitations	51
TERRAIN Alerting	52
Baro-Corrected Altitude	52
Terrain Page	52
Inhibit Mode	53
Terrain Symbols	54
General Database Information	55
Database Versions	55
Database Updates	55
Terrain/Obstacle Database Areas of Coverage	56
Navigation Database	56
TERRAIN Alerts	56
Pop-up Alerts	56
Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance	57
Premature Descent Alerting (PDA)	58
TERRAIN Failure Alert	58
“TERRAIN Not Available” Alert	59
NAVCOM Page	61
Position Page	62
Restoring Factory Settings	64
Satellite Status Page	65
Vertical Navigation Page	66
Dead Reckoning	69
Section 3 Direct-To Navigation	71
Selecting a Direct-To Waypoint by Facility Name or City	72
Selecting a Direct-To Waypoint from the Active Flight Plan	73
Selecting the Nearest Airport as a Direct-To Waypoint	73
Shortcuts	74
Cancelling Direct-To Navigation	75
Specifying a Course to a Waypoint	75
Selecting Direct-To a Holding Pattern	76
Section 4 Flight Plans	77
Flight Plan Catalog	77
Flight Plan Catalog Editing	77
Flight Plan Catalog Options	78
Activating Flight Plans	78
Inverting Flight Plans	79
Create a new flight plan	79
Crossfill	80
Copying Flight Plans	80
Deleting Flight Plans	80
Deleting All Flight Plans	81
Sort List By Number?/Sort List by Comment?	81
Active Flight Plan Page	82
Active Flight Plan Options	82
Activate Leg	82
Crossfill	83
Copy Flight Plan	83
Invert Flight Plan	83
Delete Flight Plan	83
Select Approach	83
Select Arrival	84
Select Departure	85
Remove Approach, Arrival, or Departure	85
Closest Point of FPL	85
Parallel Track	86
Change Fields	87
Restore Defaults	87
Shortcuts	88
Flight Plan Transfer Feature (optional with software V 3.20 or later)	90
Section 5 - Procedures - Approaches, Departures, & Arrivals	93
Basic Approach Operations	95
Approaches with Procedure Turns	96
Flying the Procedure Turn	97
Flying the Missed Approach	100
Flying an Approach with a Hold	101
Flying a DME Arc Approach	104
Vectors to Final	107
Flying the Vectors Approach	108
Course From Fix Flight Plan Legs	110
ILS Approaches	114
Selecting an ILS Approach	115
Flying the ILS Approach	116
Selecting an LPV Approach	119
Flying the LPV Approach	120
Flying the LP Approach	122
RNAV Approach Procedures	123
Points to Remember for All Approaches	123
Points to Remember for Localizer or VOR-based Approaches	124
Enabling Autopilot Outputs for the King KAP140/KFC225	125
Section 6 WPT Pages	127
WPT Page Group	127
Duplicate Waypoints	129
Airport Runway Page	131
Airport Frequency Page	132
Airport Approach Page	134
Airport Arrival Page	136
Airport Departure Page	137
Intersection Page	139
NDB Page	139
VOR Page	140
User Waypoint Page	141
Creating User Waypoints	141
Creating User Waypoints from the Map Page	143
Modifying User Waypoints	143
User Waypoint Page Options	144
User Waypoint List	145
Section 7 NRST Pages	147
NRST Page Group	147
Navigating to a Nearby Waypoint	149
Nearest Airport Page	149
Nearest Intersection Page	151
Nearest NDB Page	151
Nearest VOR Page	151
Nearest User Waypoint Page	152
Nearest Center (ARTCC) Page	152
Nearest Flight Service Station (FSS) Page	153
Nearest Airspace Page	154
Section 8 VLOC (VOR/Localizer/Glideslope) Receiver Operations	159
Ident Audio and Volume	159
VLOC Window and Tuning	159
CDI Key	162
Section 9 AUX Pages	163
AUX Page Group	163
Flight Planning Page	164
Fuel Planning	165
Trip Planning	167
Density Alt / TAS / Winds	168
Crossfill Operation	169
Scheduler	171
Utility Page	172
Checklists	174
Flight Timers	175
Trip Statistics	176
RAIM Prediction	177
Sunrise / Sunset	178
Software / Database Versions	178
Setup 1 Page	179
Airspace Alarms	181
CDI Scale / Alarms	182
Units / Mag Var	183
Position Format	184
Map Datum	184
Date / Time	184
Restoring Factory Settings	185
Setup 2 Page	185
Display	187
Nearest Airport Criteria	188
SBAS Selection	188
Section 10 Fault Detection & Exclusion	190
Detection and Exclusion	190
Section 11 Messages, Abbreviations, and Navigation Terminology	191
Messages	191
Turn Advisory and Arrival Annunciations	197
Flight Plan Transfer Messages	198
Abbreviations	199
Navigation Terms	203
Appendix A NavData Card Use	205
Appendix B Specifications	206
Appendix C Troubleshooting Q&A	207

Match case Limit results 1 per page

APPENDIX C

Troubleshooting Q & A

197

190-00356-00 Rev G

Appendix C

Troubleshooting Q&A

This section is designed to answer some of the

common questions regarding the 400W-series capabili-

ties and operation. If you have a problem operating

the unit, read through this appendix and refer to the

reference section noted. If you don’t ﬁnd answers to

your particular question here, use the index to ﬁnd the

appropriate section elsewhere in this manual. If, after

reading through the appropriate reference section, you

still haven’t found the answer to your question, please

see your authorized dealer or contact GARMIN directly

at the address or phone numbers listed on page ii.

GARMIN is dedicated to supporting its products and

customers.

What is RAIM, and how does it affect approach opera-

tions?

RAIM is an acronym for Receiver Autonomous Integ-

rity Monitoring, a GPS receiver function that performs a

consistency check on all tracked satellites. RAIM ensures

that the available satellite geometry will allow the receiver

to calculate a position within a speciﬁed protection limit

(4 NM for oceanic, 2 NM for en route, 1 NM for terminal

and 0.3 NM for non-precision approaches).

During oceanic, en route and terminal phases of

ﬂight, RAIM will be available nearly 100% of the time.

Because of the tighter protection limit on approaches,

there may be times when RAIM is not available. The

400W-series unit automatically monitors RAIM and

will warn you with an alert message (see Section 11)

when it is not available, and the INTEG annunciator

(

) will appear at the bottom left corner of the

screen. If RAIM is not available when crossing the FAF, the

pilot must ﬂy the missed approach procedure. The 400W-

series unit RAIM prediction function will also allow you

to see whether RAIM will be available for a speciﬁed date

and time.

NOTE:

RAIM prediction is not directly related to

WAAS integrity.

RAIM integrity prediction is performed by the internal

GPS receiver and is performed at all times. WAAS integrity

is reported by the WAAS satellite system and only works

within the WAAS service volume. WAAS approaches re-

quire WAAS integrity. Outside of the WAAS service vol-

ume, such as an Oceanic ﬂight, RAIM prediction will be

used.

Why aren’t there any approaches available for my

ﬂight plan?

Approaches are available for the ﬁnal destination air-

port in a ﬂight plan or as a direct-to (keep in mind that

some VOR/VORTAC identiﬁers are similar to airport iden

tiﬁers). If a destination airport does not have a GPS ap-

proach, the 400W-series unit will indicate “NONE” for

the available procedures—as listed on the

airport approach

page

. For more information on selecting an approach, see

Section 4 - Flight Plans, Select Approach.