Garmin GTX 23 ES Installation Manual - Page 9
General Description - remote transponder
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1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 1.1 Introduction This manual presents the mechanical and electrical installation requirements for installing the Garmin GTX 23 Mode S Transponder. 1.2 Equipment Description The Garmin GTX 23 remote-mounted Mode S Transponder is a radio transmitter and receiver that operates on radar frequencies. It receives ground radar and TCAS interrogations at 1030 MHz, and it transmits a coded response of pulses at 1090 MHz. The GTX 23 replies to Mode A, Mode C, and Mode S interrogations. Mode A replies consist of framing pulses and any one of 4,096 codes, which differ in the position and number of pulses transmitted. Mode C replies include framing pulses and encoded pressure altitude. Mode S replies can contain various information such as the Mode A code, Mode C altitude, ICAO address, and Elementary Surveillance and Enhanced Surveillance data described below. Features of the GTX 23 include support for ADS-B, TIS-A, mutual suppression, IDENT functionality, SI codes, elementary surveillance (ELS), and enhanced surveillance (EHS). ADS-B, TIS-A, and mutual suppression are discussed in following sections. IDENT functionality activates a Special Position Identification (SPI) pulse for 18 seconds in Mode A replies. This helps the air traffic controller confirm your position on their radar screen. SI codes, ELS, and EHS better facilitate meeting various requirements for operation in European airspace. SI codes uniquely identify ground radar with overlapping coverage. Supporting SI codes enables reduction in ground infrastructure complexity. ICAO Annex 10, Volume IV, Amendment 77, paragraph 2.1.5.1.7.1 mandated SI code support. Elementary and Enhanced Surveillance provide additional aircraft parameters to ground radar systems (for ELS, see JAA TGL 13 rev 1 dated June 01, 2003; for EHS, see AMC 20-13, which supersedes JAA NPA 20-12a). Elementary Surveillance provides a detailed transponder capability report and aircraft identification data (e.g. Flight ID or radio call sign). Additionally, TCAS II compatible transponders supporting ELS can provide resolution advisory data if the aircraft is equipped with TCAS II. (ELS is Mode S BDS registers (1,0), (2,0), and (3,0).) Enhanced Surveillance provides selected vertical intention, track and turn reporting, and heading and speed reporting. (EHS is Mode S BDS registers (4,0), (5,0), and (6,0).) 1.3 ADS-B Capabilities The GTX 23 provides the capabilities of Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) technology, which improves situational awareness and flight safety. With ADS-B capabilities, position, velocity, and heading information are automatically transmitted to other aircraft and ground stations. The current air traffic control system depends on a transponder request for pertinent aircraft information. ADS-B provides automatic transmission of aircraft information without a request. NOTE TSOA GPS data from a Garmin GNS 400W/500W-series WAAS enabled unit, GTN 6XX series, or GTN 7XX series unit is required to support ADS-B transmissions. If a GNS 400W/500W-series unit is used, note that it must use main software version 3.20 or later. GTX 23 Installation Manual 190-00906-01 Page 1-1 Revision A