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HP Dc7800 AHCI and RAID on HP Compaq dc7800 - Page 3

Introduction, Basics of AHCI and RAID Technology - desktop pc

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Introduction This whitepaper covers two drive technologies that are provided on the HP Compaq dc7800 Business PC products, AHCI and RAID. This whitepaper provides a basic overview of AHCI and RAID technology, supported factory configurations of HP Compaq dc7800 Business PCs, other supported RAID configurations, and basic instructions on how to migrate non-RAID to RAID configurations in the field. HP also provides a Smart IV Hard Drive technical whitepaper for HP Compaq dc7800 Business PC products on HP.com. Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI) functionality provides customer benefits such as NCQ, which is intended to increase the performance of the hard disk drive. HP Compaq dc7800 Business PC products provide support for AHCI in single and multiple drive configurations. RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) is a category of hard drives that employ two or more drives in combination for fault tolerance and performance. Initially used with servers, desktop PCs are increasingly using RAID by adding a RAID controller and extra IDE or SCSI disks. Newer system boards often have RAID controllers. RAID technology takes advantage of Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) and the integration of RAID into the Intel Q35/ICH9-D0 chipset. This white paper provides a basic overview of RAID technology, supported factory configurations of HP Compaq dc7800 Business PCs, other supported RAID configurations, and basic instructions on how to migrate non-RAID to RAID configurations in the field. Basics of AHCI and RAID Technology Definitions Table 1 Basic AHCI and RAID Definitions AHCI ATA BIOS Chipset HDD ICH IDE INF Advanced Host Controller Interface, a specification for hardware and software, is a register interface for SATA, intended to add higher speed, NCQ and other features Advanced Technology Attachment. Basic Input/Output System, also known as system ROM. Term used to define a collection of integrated components required to make a PC function. Hard disk drive. Intel Input/Output Controller Hub, inside this component resides the mass storage controller. ICH is part of the Intel Q35 chipset. Integrated Drive Electronics. Information file (.inf) used by Microsoft operating systems that support the Plug & Play feature. When installing a driver, this file provides the operating system needed information about driver filenames, driver components, and supported hardware. 3

Section	Page
Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI) and Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) on HP Compaq dc7800 Business PCs	1
Introduction	3
Basics of AHCI and RAID Technology	3
Definitions	3
Table 1 Basic AHCI and RAID Definitions	3
Single Drive AHCI Configuration	4
1. Turn on or restart the computer by clicking Start > Shut Down > Restart the Computer.	4
2. Press F10 as soon as the monitor light turns green.	4
3. Select your language from the list, and then press Enter.	4
4. Use the arrow keys to select Storage.	4
5. Use the down arrow key to select Storage Options, and then press Enter.	4
6. Change SATA Emulation from IDE to RAID.	4
Basic RAID Types	5
RAID 0 with two hard drives (Striped)	5
Table 2 RAID 0 with two hard drives (Striped)	5
Figure 1 Performance - RAID 0 with two hard drives	6
Figure 2 RAID 0 - Three hard drives	6
RAID 1 with two hard drives (Mirror)	7
Table 3 RAID 1 with two hard drives (Mirror)	7
Figure 3 Reliability: RAID 1 - Mirroring	8
RAID 5 with three hard drives	8
Table 4 RAID 5 with 3 hard drives (Parity)	9
Figure 4 RAID 5 with three hard drives	9
Intel Matrix Storage Technology	10
Figure 5 Matrix RAID combining reliability and performance with the same two hard drives	10
Figure 6 Matrix RAID combining reliability and performance with same three hard drives	11
Configurations	11
Recommended configurations	11
Table 5 RAID Drives	12
HP Backup and Recovery interactions	13
Other supported configurations	13
Unsupported configurations	13
Configuring RAID on non-factory preinstalled configurations	14
Enabling RAID through F10 System BIOS	14
1. Turn on or restart the computer by clicking Start > Shut Down > Restart the Computer.	14
2. Press F10 as soon as the monitor light turns green.	14
3. Select your language from the list, and then press Enter.	14
4. Use the arrow keys to select Storage.	14
5. Use the down arrow key to select Storage Options, and then press Enter.	14
6. On the Storage Options menu, use the down arrow key to select SATA Emulation.	14
7. Press the right arrow key until RAID displays, and then press Enter.	14
8. To apply and save changes, select File > Save Changes and Exit.	14
Configuring RAID Option ROM	15
1. Turn on or restart the computer by clicking Start > Shut Down > Restart the Computer.	15
2. Press Ctrl + I repeatedly as soon as the monitor light turns green to enter the RAID configuration util ity. If you do not press Ctrl + I at the appropriate time, you must restart the computer, and then press Ctrl + I again to access the utility.	15
Configuring RAID Volume using the Option ROM	16
1. Once you are in the Option ROM, if there are no previous RAID member hard drives, press Ctrl + I to enter the RAID configuration utility.	16
2. With Create RAID Volume selected, press Enter to access the Create Volume screen.	17
3. Select or enter the desired RAID Level. Use the information on the bottom half of the screen if neces sary.	17
4. Use the arrow keys to scroll to Create Volume, and press Enter. The following screen appears.	18
Notes for operating system installation	18
Intel Matrix Storage Manager software installation	19
Console Software Installation	19
1. Select Start > All Programs > Intel(R) Matrix Storage Console.	19
2. Click Next.	19
3. Read the driver agreement. If you agree, click Next.	19
4. Read the License Agreement. If you agree, click Yes.	19
5. Select or browse to a destination folder, and then click Next.	19
6. The Select Program Folder window suggests a program folder with Intel Matrix Storage Man ager highlighted to add the program icons.	19
7. Click Next to finish the installation.	19
8. Click Finish to close the setup.	19
9. Restart the computer.	19
Using the Intel Matrix Storage Console interface	20
1. Click Start > All Programs > Intel Matrix Storage Manager/Intel Matrix Storage Console to open the Intel Matrix Storage Console application. The Intel Matrix Storage Console starts in basic mode by default and has three main menus.	20
2. Select View hard drive and volume Status.	20
3. For a more detailed view of the RAID controller, click View > Advanced Mode.	20
RAID migrations	20
Migration to RAID 1 from two non-RAID hard drives using Intel Matrix Stor age Console	20
1. Open the Intel Matrix Storage Console and in the left pane select either Protect data from a hard drive failure with RAID 1 or Improve storage performance with RAID 0.	21
2. In the right pane, select Protect data from a hard drive failure with RAID 1.	21
3. Click Create a RAID 1 volume to open a verification window.	21
4. Select Yes to begin the migration process.	21
5. Click OK after the migration completes.	21
Degradation	22
1. Run the Intel Matrix Storage Console application on the system experiencing a degradation to iden tify the hard drive that failed and to which port it is connected.	22
2. After identifying the hard drive, close all applications, shut down the operating system, power down the unit, unplug the power cord, and replace the defective hard drive.	22
3. After replacing the hard drive, automatic rebuild of the redundancy begins immediately after the sys tem is powered up and operating system starts. The following message appears:	23
Migration to RAID 0 from two non-RAID hard drives using Intel Matrix Stor age Console	23
1. Open the Intel Matrix Storage Console and select Improve storage performance with RAID 0.	23
2. Click Actions > Create a RAID 0 volume to open a verification window.	23
3. Click Yes to begin the migration process.	24
4. Click OK after the migration completes.	24
Migration to RAID 0 from three non-RAID hard drives using Intel Matrix Storage Console	24
1. Open the Intel Matrix Storage Console and select View>Advanced Mode.	24
2. Click Actions > Create RAID Volume from Existing Hard Drive, which opens a verification window.	24
3. Click Next.	25
4. Type the RAID Volume Name, select the RAID Level (for three hard drive RAID 0 or RAID 5 only), and select the Strip Size.	25
5. Click Next to display the selection of hard drives that will be part of this RAID volume.	26
6. Select all three hard drives (Port 0, Port 1, and Port 2), and then click the right arrow to place them in the Selected box.	26
7. Click Next.	26
8. Select all hard drive members of the RAID volume, and then click the right arrow to place all three hard drives in the Selected box.	27
9. Click Next.	27
10. Complete the volume size selection screen, and then click Next.	27
11. To create one RAID 0 out of the hard drive, leave the default of 100% for Percentage of Avail able Space, and then click Next.	27
12. Select Finish to start the migration process, which can take a few hours.	28
13. Reboot the system after the migration finishes.	28
Migration to RAID 5 from three non-RAID hard drives using Intel Matrix Storage Console	28
1. Open the Intel Matrix Storage Console and select View>Advanced Mode.	28
2. Click Actions/Create RAID Volume from Existing Hard Drive to open a verification win dow.	29
3. Click Next.	29
4. Type the RAID Volume Name, select the RAID Level (for three hard drive RAID 0 or RAID 5 only), and select the Strip Size.	29
5. Click Next to see the selection of hard drives that will be part of this RAID volume.	30
6. Select all three hard drives (Port 0, Port ,1 and Port 2), and then click on the arrow to move them to the Selected window.	30
7. Click Next.	30
8. After the selection of the all hard drive members of the RAID volume, complete the volume size selec tion screen, and then click Next.	31
9. To create one RAID 5 out of the hard drive, leave the default of 100% for Percentage of Avail able Space, and then click Next.	31
10. Select Finish to start the migration process, which can take a few hours. The following screen dis plays.	32
11. Reboot the system after the migration finishes.	32
Migration to Matrix RAID 5 and RAID 0 from three non-RAID hard drives using Intel Matrix Storage Console	32
1. Open the Intel Matrix Storage Console and select View>Advanced Mode.	32
2. Click Actions/Create RAID Volume from Existing Hard Drive to open a verification win dow.	33
3. Click Next.	33
4. Type the RAID Volume Name, select the RAID Level (for three hard drive RAID 0 or RAID 5 only), and select the Strip Size.	33
5. Click Next to see the selection of hard drives that will be part of this RAID volume.	34
6. Select all three hard drives (Port 0, Port ,1 and Port 2), and then click on the arrow to move them to the Selected window.	34
7. Click Next.	34
8. After the selection of the all hard drive members of the RAID volume, complete the volume size selec tion screen, and then click Next.	35
9. To create two volumes based on your space, reliability and performance needs, select the size of the first RAID volume by sliding the bar or entering the desired volume size. For example, divide in half the available hard drive storage in ...	35
10. Click Next.	35
11. Click Finish to start the migration process, which can take a few hours.	36
12. Reboot the system after the migration finishes.	36
13. After the first RAID volume has been created, create the second RAID volume by opening the Intel Matrix Storage Console, clicking View>Advanced Mode, and then clicking Actions/Create RAID Volume from Existing Hard Drive.	36
14. Click Next.	37
15. Use the same values you entered in the previous RAID volume confirmation and type the RAID Vol ume Name, select the RAID Level (for three hard drive RAID 0 or RAID 5 only), and select the Strip Size.	37
16. Click Next to see the selection of hard drives that will be part of this RAID volume.	37
17. Because this is the second volume for this set of hard drives, select the existing name in the Avail able box (Array 0000), and then click the right arrow to move this array into the Selected box.	38
18. Click Next.	38
19. While creating the second RAID volume, click Next to open the completion window.	38
20. Select Finish to start the migration process, which can take a few hours. The following screen appears.	39
21. Reboot the system after the migration finishes.	40
Migration to RAID Matrix Mode (0 + 1) from two non-RAID hard drives using Matrix Storage Console	41
Installation	41

Match case Limit results 1 per page

Introduction

This whitepaper covers two drive technologies that are provided on the HP Compaq dc7800 Business PC

products, AHCI and RAID. This whitepaper provides a basic overview of AHCI and RAID technology, sup-

ported factory configurations of HP Compaq dc7800 Business PCs, other supported RAID configurations,

and basic instructions on how to migrate non-RAID to RAID configurations in the field. HP also provides a

Smart IV Hard Drive technical whitepaper for HP Compaq dc7800 Business PC products on HP.com.

Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI) functionality provides customer benefits such as NCQ, which

is intended to increase the performance of the hard disk drive. HP Compaq dc7800 Business PC products

provide support for AHCI in single and multiple drive configurations.

RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) is a category of hard drives that employ two or more drives

in combination for fault tolerance and performance. Initially used with servers, desktop PCs are increas-

ingly using RAID by adding a RAID controller and extra IDE or SCSI disks. Newer system boards often

have RAID controllers.

RAID technology takes advantage of Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) and the integration

of RAID into the Intel Q35/ICH9-D0 chipset. This white paper provides a basic overview of RAID technol-

ogy, supported factory configurations of HP Compaq dc7800 Business PCs, other supported RAID config-

urations, and basic instructions on how to migrate non-RAID to RAID configurations in the field.

Basics of AHCI and RAID Technology

Definitions

Table 1

Basic AHCI and

RAID Definitions

AHCI

Advanced Host Controller Interface

, a specification for hardware and software, is a regis-

ter interface for SATA, intended to add higher speed, NCQ and other features

ATA

Advanced Technology Attachment.

BIOS

Basic Input/Output System, also known as system ROM.

Chipset

Term used to define a collection of integrated components required to make a PC function.

HDD

Hard disk drive.

ICH

Intel Input/Output Controller Hub, inside this component resides the mass storage controller.

ICH is part of the Intel Q35 chipset.

IDE

Integrated Drive Electronics.

INF

Information file (.inf) used by Microsoft operating systems that support the Plug & Play feature.

When installing a driver, this file provides the operating system needed information about driver

filenames, driver components, and supported hardware.