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Using the Layers palette, About the background layer

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166 CHAPTER 8 Using Layers Using the Layers palette The Layers palette lists all layers in an image, starting with the topmost layer. The order of layers in the Layers palette indicates the order of layers in the image-the topmost layer in the Layers palette is the topmost layer in the image. You can change the stacking order of layers by dragging a layer to a new position in the Layers palette. About the background layer When you create a new image with a white background or a colored background, the bottommost image in the Layers palette is called Background. You cannot change the stacking order of a background, change its blending mode, or change its opacity. However, you can convert a background to a regular layer. (See "Adding layers" on page 170.) When you create a new image with transparent contents, the bottommost layer is called Layer 1. This layer is not constrained like the background layer; you can move it anywhere in the Layers palette, and change its opacity and blending mode. Because the background can never be transparent, it's helpful to have a background when you want to create an image that will not have any transparent regions. If you want to create an image with transparent regions-for example, for a transparent GIF on a Web page-you'll want to create an image without a background. For information on converting a layer to a background, see "Adding layers" on page 170. About the Layers palette Changes to an image affect only the highlighted or active layer. You select a layer to make it active, and only one layer can be active at a time. You can accomplish many tasks-such as creating, hiding, displaying, copying, and deleting a layer-using the icons in the Layers palette. You can access additional commands and options in the Layers palette menu and the Layers menu. The Layers palette uses icons to provide information about layers. The leftmost column in the palette displays an eye icon next to visible layers and no eye icon to hidden layers. The second column from the left shows a paintbrush icon next to the active layer; layers without the paintbrush icon cannot be modiﬁed. It also shows a link icon for layers that are linked to the active layer.

Section	Page
Table of Contents	3
Installing and Learning Adobe Photoshop Elements	9
Registration	9
Installing Adobe Photoshop Elements	9
Learning Adobe Photoshop Elements	9
Using Web resources	11
Customer support	12
Overview	15
Digital Photography: Capture and Correct	15
Digital Photography: Explore and Create	17
Easy to Use and Affordable	18
Web Tools	20
Explore Your Creativity	21
Produce Outstanding Results	22
Looking at the Work Area	27
Getting familiar with the work area	27
Viewing images	32
Getting the most out of Photoshop Elements	36
Correcting mistakes	40
Reverting to any state of an image	41
Working with presets	43
Configuring Photoshop Elements	46
Closing files and quitting	50
Getting Images into Photoshop Elements	53
About bitmap images and vector graphics	53
About image size and resolution	54
Changing image size and resolution	56
Scanning images	59
Importing images from a digital camera	60
Importing images using WIA (Windows Image Acquisition) Support	61
Creating new images	62
Opening and importing images	63
Placing files	68
Working with Color	73
About color and computer graphics	73
Using color management	73
Calibrating your monitor	74
Describing color	75
Choosing a color mode	76
Choosing foreground and background colors	82
Using the Adobe Color Picker	85
Using other color pickers	87
Making Color and Tonal Corrections	91
About correcting images	91
Checking scan quality and tonal range	92
Adjusting tonal range	93
Adjusting color	99
Applying special color effects to images	103
Sharpening images	106
Selecting	111
About selections	111
Making pixel selections	111
Adjusting pixel selections	115
Softening the edges of a selection	116
Moving, copying, and pasting selections and layers	118
Deleting selections	121
Transforming and Retouching	125
Cropping images	125
Changing the size of the work canvas	126
Creating panoramic images using Photomerge	126
Using the Liquify filter	132
Rotating and straightening images	133
Transforming layers, selections, and shapes	134
Transforming objects in three dimensions	138
Retouching an image	140
Painting and Drawing	147
About painting and drawing	147
Using the painting tools	147
Erasing	148
Using the impressionist brush tool	150
Customizing brush libraries	151
Setting options for painting and editing tools	155
Using the gradient tools	158
Using the paint bucket tool	163
Drawing shapes	164
Editing shapes	165
Filling and stroking selections and layers	167
Creating and editing patterns	169
Using Layers	173
About layers	173
Using the Layers palette	174
Creating a layered image	178
Managing layered images	181
Using layer styles	183
Editing layers	185
Specifying opacity and blending options	187
Creating grouped layers	188
Using adjustment layers and fill layers	189
Applying Filters and Effects	197
Using filters	197
Using effects	200
Tips for applying special filter effects	200
Improving performance with filters	201
Choosing a filter effect	201
Artistic filters	203
Blur filters	204
Brush Stroke filters	205
Distort filters	205
Liquify filter	207
Noise filter	207
Pixelate filters	208
Render filters	209
Sharpen filters	210
Sketch filters	210
Stylize filters	211
Texture filters	213
Video filters	213
Other filters	214
Lighting Effects filter	215
About plug-in filters	218
Using Type	221
About type	221
Creating type	221
Working with type layers	222
Formatting characters	225
Setting options for Asian type	228
Optimizing Images for theWeb	233
About optimization	233
Using the Save For Web dialog box	233
Choosing a file format for optimization	235
Optimizing images	238
Making transparent and matted images	241
Previewing and controlling dithering	243
Creating animated GIFs	247
Previewing an image in a browser	248
Saving optimized images	248
Creating Web photo galleries	249
Saving Images	253
About file formats	253
Saving images	254
Saving images in specific formats	255
Adding file information	262
Setting preferences for saving files	262
Using the Batch command	264
Creating multiple-image layouts	265
Printing	269
Printing images	269
Positioning and scaling images	270
Setting output options	270
Printing part of an image	271
Choosing a print encoding method	271
Using color management when printing	272
Printing over the Web	274
Production Notes	293

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CHAPTER 8

166

Using Layers

Using the Layers palette

The Layers palette lists all layers in an image,

starting with the topmost layer. The order of layers

in the Layers palette indicates the order of layers in

the image—the topmost layer in the Layers palette

is the topmost layer in the image. You can change

the stacking order of layers by dragging a layer to a

new position in the Layers palette.

About the background layer

When you create a new image with a white

background or a colored background, the

bottommost image in the Layers palette is called

Background

. You cannot change the stacking order

of a background, change its blending mode, or

change its opacity. However, you can convert a

background to a regular layer. (See “Adding layers”

on page 170.)

When you create a new image with transparent

contents, the bottommost layer is called Layer 1.

This layer is not constrained like the background

layer; you can move it anywhere in the Layers

palette, and change its opacity and blending mode.

Because the background can never be transparent,

it’s helpful to have a background when you want to

create an image that will not have any transparent

regions. If you want to create an image with trans-

parent regions—for example, for a transparent

GIF on a Web page—you’ll want to create an image

without a background. For information on

converting a layer to a background, see “Adding

layers” on page 170.

About the Layers palette

Changes to an image affect only the highlighted or

active

layer. You select a layer to make it active, and

only one layer can be active at a time. You can

accomplish many tasks—such as creating, hiding,

displaying, copying, and deleting a layer—using

the icons in the Layers palette. You can access

additional commands and options in the Layers

palette menu and the Layers menu.

The Layers palette uses icons to provide infor-

mation about layers. The leftmost column in the

palette displays an eye icon next to visible layers

and no eye icon to hidden layers.

The second column from the left shows a paint-

brush icon next to the active layer; layers without

the paintbrush icon cannot be modiﬁed. It also

shows a link icon for layers that are linked to the

active layer.