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Double-click the Set Gray Point eyedropper

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90 CHAPTER 4 Making Color and Tonal Corrections • With a low-key image, you might want to set the highlight to a lower value to avoid too much contrast. Experiment with Brightness values between 96 and 80. 6 In the image, click the highlight you identified in step 4. If you accidentally click the wrong highlight, hold down Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS), and click Reset in the Levels dialog box. The pixel values throughout the image are adjusted proportionately to the new highlight values. Any pixels lighter than the area you clicked become specular white. The Info palette shows the values both before and after the color adjustment. 7 Double-click the Set Gray Point eyedropper tool ( ) in the Levels dialog box to display the Color Picker. Enter the color values you want to assign to the neutral gray area in the image, and click OK. In general, assign equal red, green, and blue values to produce a neutral gray in an RGB image. 8 In the image, click the neutral gray you identified in step 4. 9 Double-click the Set Black Point eyedropper tool ( ) in the Levels dialog box to open the Color Picker. Enter the values you want to assign to the darkest area in the image, and click OK. Follow these guidelines: • When you're printing on white paper, you can achieve a good shadow in an average-key image using RGB values of 10, 10, 10. An approximate grayscale equivalent is a 96% dot. • You can approximate these same values quickly by entering 4 in the Brightness (B) text box under the HSB section of the Color Picker. • With a high-key image, you might want to set the shadow to a higher value to maintain detail in the highlights. Experiment with Brightness values between 4 and 20. 10 In the image, click the shadow you identified in step 4. 11 Click OK. To use Threshold mode to identify the lightest and darkest areas in an image: 1 Do one of the following: • Choose Enhance > Brightness/Contrast > Levels. • Create a new Levels adjustment layer, or open an existing Levels adjustment layer. (See "Using adjustment layers and fill layers" on page 181.) 2 Click Preview in the Levels dialog box. 3 Hold down Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS), and drag the white or black Input Levels triangle. The image changes to Threshold mode, and a high-contrast preview image appears. The visible areas of the image indicate the lightest parts of the image if you are dragging the white slider, and the

Section	Page
Table of Contents	3
Installing and Learning Adobe Photoshop Elements	9
Registration	9
Installing Adobe Photoshop Elements	9
Learning Adobe Photoshop Elements	9
Using Web resources	11
Customer support	12
Overview	15
Digital Photography: Capture and Correct	15
Digital Photography: Explore and Create	17
Easy to Use and Affordable	18
Web Tools	20
Explore Your Creativity	21
Produce Outstanding Results	22
Looking at the Work Area	27
Getting familiar with the work area	27
Viewing images	32
Getting the most out of Photoshop Elements	36
Correcting mistakes	40
Reverting to any state of an image	41
Working with presets	43
Configuring Photoshop Elements	46
Closing files and quitting	50
Getting Images into Photoshop Elements	53
About bitmap images and vector graphics	53
About image size and resolution	54
Changing image size and resolution	56
Scanning images	59
Importing images from a digital camera	60
Importing images using WIA (Windows Image Acquisition) Support	61
Creating new images	62
Opening and importing images	63
Placing files	68
Working with Color	73
About color and computer graphics	73
Using color management	73
Calibrating your monitor	74
Describing color	75
Choosing a color mode	76
Choosing foreground and background colors	82
Using the Adobe Color Picker	85
Using other color pickers	87
Making Color and Tonal Corrections	91
About correcting images	91
Checking scan quality and tonal range	92
Adjusting tonal range	93
Adjusting color	99
Applying special color effects to images	103
Sharpening images	106
Selecting	111
About selections	111
Making pixel selections	111
Adjusting pixel selections	115
Softening the edges of a selection	116
Moving, copying, and pasting selections and layers	118
Deleting selections	121
Transforming and Retouching	125
Cropping images	125
Changing the size of the work canvas	126
Creating panoramic images using Photomerge	126
Using the Liquify filter	132
Rotating and straightening images	133
Transforming layers, selections, and shapes	134
Transforming objects in three dimensions	138
Retouching an image	140
Painting and Drawing	147
About painting and drawing	147
Using the painting tools	147
Erasing	148
Using the impressionist brush tool	150
Customizing brush libraries	151
Setting options for painting and editing tools	155
Using the gradient tools	158
Using the paint bucket tool	163
Drawing shapes	164
Editing shapes	165
Filling and stroking selections and layers	167
Creating and editing patterns	169
Using Layers	173
About layers	173
Using the Layers palette	174
Creating a layered image	178
Managing layered images	181
Using layer styles	183
Editing layers	185
Specifying opacity and blending options	187
Creating grouped layers	188
Using adjustment layers and fill layers	189
Applying Filters and Effects	197
Using filters	197
Using effects	200
Tips for applying special filter effects	200
Improving performance with filters	201
Choosing a filter effect	201
Artistic filters	203
Blur filters	204
Brush Stroke filters	205
Distort filters	205
Liquify filter	207
Noise filter	207
Pixelate filters	208
Render filters	209
Sharpen filters	210
Sketch filters	210
Stylize filters	211
Texture filters	213
Video filters	213
Other filters	214
Lighting Effects filter	215
About plug-in filters	218
Using Type	221
About type	221
Creating type	221
Working with type layers	222
Formatting characters	225
Setting options for Asian type	228
Optimizing Images for theWeb	233
About optimization	233
Using the Save For Web dialog box	233
Choosing a file format for optimization	235
Optimizing images	238
Making transparent and matted images	241
Previewing and controlling dithering	243
Creating animated GIFs	247
Previewing an image in a browser	248
Saving optimized images	248
Creating Web photo galleries	249
Saving Images	253
About file formats	253
Saving images	254
Saving images in specific formats	255
Adding file information	262
Setting preferences for saving files	262
Using the Batch command	264
Creating multiple-image layouts	265
Printing	269
Printing images	269
Positioning and scaling images	270
Setting output options	270
Printing part of an image	271
Choosing a print encoding method	271
Using color management when printing	272
Printing over the Web	274
Production Notes	293

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CHAPTER 4

Making Color and Tonal Corrections

•

With a low-key image, you might want to set the

highlight to a lower value to avoid too much

contrast. Experiment with Brightness values

between 96 and 80.

In the image, click the highlight you identiﬁed

in step 4. If you accidentally click the wrong

highlight, hold down Alt (Windows) or Option

(Mac OS), and click Reset in the Levels dialog box.

The pixel values throughout the image are

adjusted proportionately to the new highlight

values. Any pixels lighter than the area you clicked

become specular white. The Info palette shows the

values both before and after the color adjustment.

Double-click the Set Gray Point eyedropper

tool (

) in the Levels dialog box to display the

Color Picker. Enter the color values you want to

assign to the neutral gray area in the image, and

click OK. In general, assign equal red, green, and

blue values to produce a neutral gray in an RGB

image.

In the image, click the neutral gray you

identiﬁed in step 4.

Double-click the Set Black Point eyedropper

tool (

) in the Levels dialog box to open the

Color Picker. Enter the values you want to assign

to the darkest area in the image, and click OK.

Follow these guidelines:

•

When you’re printing on white paper, you can

achieve a good shadow in an average-key image

using RGB values of 10, 10, 10. An approximate

grayscale equivalent is a 96% dot.

•

You can approximate these same values quickly

by entering 4 in the Brightness (B) text box under

the HSB section of the Color Picker.

•

With a high-key image, you might want to set the

shadow to a higher value to maintain detail in the

highlights. Experiment with Brightness values

between 4 and 20.

In the image, click the shadow you identiﬁed

in step 4.

Click OK.

To use Threshold mode to identify the lightest and

darkest areas in an image:

Do one of the following:

•

Choose Enhance > Brightness/Contrast >

Levels.

•

Create a new Levels adjustment layer, or open an

existing Levels adjustment layer. (See “Using

adjustment layers and ﬁll layers” on page 181.)

Click Preview in the Levels dialog box.

Hold down Alt (Windows) or Option

(Mac OS), and drag the white or black Input

Levels triangle.

The image changes to Threshold mode, and a

high-contrast preview image appears. The visible

areas of the image indicate the lightest parts of the

image if you are dragging the white slider, and the