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Basic Volume and RAID Concepts, Volumes, RAID

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ReadyNAS OS 6.1 Basic Volume and RAID Concepts To get the most out of your ReadyNAS storage system, it is helpful to understand the basics of volumes and RAID. Understanding these concepts is the first step to making good decisions about how to configure, manage, and use your ReadyNAS storage system. Volumes In the most general sense, volumes are data storage devices. Your computer treats an internal hard drive as a volume. It also treats a portable USB thumb drive as a volume. Volumes can be either physical or logical. Usually, the term physical volume refers to a hard disk drive. When this term is used in this way, a two-bay storage system can have up to two physical volumes (hard disk drives). A four-bay storage system can have up to four physical volumes. A six-bay storage system can have up to six physical volumes. The term logical volume refers to the way that you divide, or partition, your storage space. For example: • Each logical volume can correspond to a hard disk drive. • A logical volume can be made up of more than one hard disk drive. In this manual, the term volume refers to a logical volume. The terms hard disk drive and disk refer to a physical volume. RAID Your ReadyNAS storage system allows you to configure your hard disks using one of the many RAID technologies. RAID is short for redundant array of independent disks. RAID is a storage technology that balances data protection, system performance, and storage space by determining how the storage system distributes data. Many different ways of distributing data have been standardized into various RAID levels. Each RAID level offers a tradeoff of data protection, system performance, and storage space. For example, one RAID level might improve data protection but reduce storage space. Another RAID level might increase storage space but also reduce system performance. Your ReadyNAS storage system supports X-RAID2TM mode, a proprietary single-volume RAID architecture that is easy to administer, and Flex-RAID mode, which allows you to format your disks in a variety of industry-standard RAID levels. When you power on your system for the first time or if you reset your system to its factory default settings, the optimal RAID mode and level are automatically selected for you based on the number of disks that are installed. You can also configure the RAID settings manually (see Change RAID Mode on page 23). Volume Configuration 19

Section	Page
Contents	3
1. Getting Started	8
Quick-Start Guide	9
Additional Documentation	9
Supported Operating Systems	10
Supported Browsers	10
Diskless Systems	10
Basic Installation	11
Discover and Set Up Your ReadyNAS	12
Local Setup Wizard	14
Local Admin Page	15
Access the Local Admin Page	16
Register Your System	16
2. Volume Configuration	18
Basic Volume and RAID Concepts	19
Volumes	19
RAID	19
Manage Volumes	22
Change RAID Mode	23
View the Status of a Volume	25
Configure the Checksum Function	27
Create and Encrypt a Volume	29
Delete a Volume	30
Expand Storage Capacity	31
Add Protection to a Volume	34
Maintain Volumes	36
3. Shared Folders	39
Basic Shared Folder Concepts	40
Data Organization	40
Shared Folder Defaults	41
File and Folder Names	41
File-Sharing Protocols	41
Manage Shared Folders	43
Create a Shared Folder	43
View and Change the Properties of a Shared Folder	45
Delete a Shared Folder	47
Browse a Shared Folder	48
Shared Folder Access Rights	49
User and Group Authentication	49
Set Network Access Rights to Shared Folders	50
Set Up Access Rights to Files and Folders	60
Access Shared Folders from a Network-Attached Device	63
Use a Web Browser	64
Use a Windows Device	64
Use a Mac OS X Device	65
Use a Linux or Unix Device	66
Use FTP and FTPS	67
Use Rsync	68
Access Shared Folders Using Cloud Services	68
Use ReadyCLOUD	69
Use ReadyNAS Remote	79
Use ReadyDROP	87
4. LUNs	93
Basic LUN Concepts	94
Thin and Thick Provisioning	94
Default LUN Settings	95
Manage LUNs	95
Create a LUN	95
View and Change the Properties of a LUN	97
Expand the Size of a LUN	99
Delete a LUN	102
LUN Groups and Access Rights	103
Create a LUN Group	103
Assign a LUN to a LUN Group	104
Remove a LUN from a LUN Group	106
Delete a LUN Group	107
Manage Access Rights for LUN Groups	108
Access LUN Groups from an iSCSI-Attached Device	116
Set Up Initiator Access	116
Initialize and Format LUNs	122
5. Snapshots	125
Basic Snapshot Concepts	126
Smart Snapshot Management	127
Rolling Back	127
Clones	127
Manually Take a Snapshot	128
Browse Snapshots Using Recovery Mode	129
Roll Back to a Snapshot	133
Roll Back to a Snapshot Using Recovery Mode	133
Roll Back to a Snapshot Using the Timeline	136
Clone Snapshots	139
Delete Snapshots	142
Delete Snapshots Using Recovery Mode	142
Delete Snapshots Using the Timeline	145
Recover Data from a Snapshot	148
Recover Data from a Snapshot to a Network-Attached Device	148
Recover Data from a Snapshot to an iSCSI-Attached Device	149
6. Users and Groups	150
Basic User and Group Concepts	151
Home Folders	151
User and Group Account Limitations	151
User and Group Management Modes	152
User Accounts	154
Create User Accounts	154
Edit User Accounts	156
Delete User Accounts	157
Change User Passwords	157
Group Accounts	159
Create Groups	159
Edit Groups	160
Delete Groups	162
Cloud Users	163
Grant Access to Cloud Users	163
Cloud User Access Rights	163
7. System Settings	165
Customize the Basic System Settings	166
Set the Clock	166
Select the Language	167
Set the Administrator Password	168
Configure System Alerts	169
Configure the Host Name	172
Enable Antivirus	173
Configure the Network Settings	174
Network Basic Concepts	174
Configure the Ethernet Interfaces	176
Configure Bonded Adapters	181
Configure Global Settings for File-Sharing Protocols	192
Basic File-Sharing Concepts	192
Supported File-Sharing Protocols	193
Configure File-Sharing Protocols	194
Configure Media Services	199
ReadyDLNA	199
iTunes Streaming Server	201
Configure Discovery Services	203
Install and Manage Apps	204
Install Free Apps	205
Enable the NETGEAR genie+ Marketplace Service	206
Create a NETGEAR genie+ Marketplace Account	207
Purchase Apps	209
Manage Installed Apps	213
8. System Maintenance	214
System Monitoring	215
System and Disk Health Information	215
System Real-Time and Historical Monitoring	216
System Logs	219
SNMP Monitoring	221
System Maintenance	223
Update Firmware	223
Reset the Firmware to Factory Defaults	226
Recover the Administrator Password	227
Shut Down or Restart the System	228
Manage Power Usage	229
Optional Uninterruptible Power Supplies	232
Uninterruptible Power Supplies	232
UPS Configurations	232
Manage UPS Devices	232
9. Backup and Recovery	238
Back Up or Restore System Configuration	239
Basic Data Backup and Recovery Concepts	240
Backup Concepts	240
Recovery Concepts	242
Secure Cloud Backups	243
Backup Protocols	243
Backup Job Recommendations	244
Manage Backup and Recovery Jobs	244
Create a Backup Job	244
Create a Recovery Job	245
Configure a Backup or Recovery Job	248
Manually Start a Backup or Recovery Job	257
Delete a Backup or Recovery Job	258
View or Clear a Job Log	258
Configure the Backup Button	260
Time Machine	262
Back Up Your Mac Using Time Machine	262
Increase Your Time Machine Backup Capacity	264
ReadyNAS Vault	266
Dropbox	268
ReadyNAS Replicate	269
Enable ReadyNAS Replicate	270
10. Help Videos	272
Available Videos	273
ReadyCLOUD Setup	273
Time Machine	273
Antivirus	273
iTunes	273
Remote	273
ReadyDROP	273
ReadyDLNA	274
PLEX Media Server	274
Continuous Data Protection	274
Tool-less Drive Installation	274
Viewing Videos	274

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Volume Configuration

ReadyNAS OS 6.1

Basic Volume and RAID Concepts

To get the most out of your ReadyNAS storage system, it is helpful to understand the basics

of volumes and RAID. Understanding these concepts is the first step to making good

decisions about how to configure, manage, and use your ReadyNAS storage system.

Volumes

In the most general sense, volumes are data storage devices. Your computer treats an

internal hard drive as a volume. It also treats a portable USB thumb drive as a volume.

Volumes can be either physical or logical. Usually, the term

physical volume

refers to a hard

disk drive. When this term is used in this way, a two-bay storage system can have up to two

physical volumes (hard disk drives). A four-bay storage system can have up to four physical

volumes. A six-bay storage system can have up to six physical volumes.

The term

logical volume

refers to the way that you divide, or partition, your storage space.

For example:

•

Each logical volume can correspond to a hard disk drive.

•

A logical volume can be made up of more than one hard disk drive.

In this manual, the term

volume

refers to a

logical volume

. The terms

hard disk drive

and

disk

refer to a

physical volume

RAID

Your ReadyNAS storage system allows you to configure your hard disks using one of the

many RAID technologies.

RAID is short for redundant array of independent disks. RAID is a storage technology that

balances data protection, system performance, and storage space by determining how the

storage system distributes data. Many different ways of distributing data have been

standardized into various RAID levels. Each RAID level offers a tradeoff of data protection,

system performance, and storage space. For example, one RAID level might improve data

protection but reduce storage space. Another RAID level might increase storage space but

also reduce system performance.

Your ReadyNAS storage system supports X-RAID2

mode, a proprietary single-volume

RAID architecture that is easy to administer, and Flex-RAID mode, which allows you to

format your disks in a variety of industry-standard RAID levels.

When you power on your system for the first time or if you reset your system to its factory

default settings, the optimal RAID mode and level are automatically selected for you based

on the number of disks that are installed. You can also configure the RAID settings manually

(see

Change RAID Mode

on page

23).