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Site survey, SSID also called ESSID, SSL Secure Sockets Layer, Subnetwork or Subnet, Switch, TCP

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Reference Manual for the NETGEAR RangeMax™ Wireless Access Point WPN802 Site survey The process whereby a wireless network installer inspects a location prior to putting in a wireless network. Site surveys are used to identify the radio- and client-use properties of a facility so that access points can be optimally placed. SSID (also called ESSID) A 32-character unique identifier attached to the header of packets sent over a WLAN that acts as a password when a mobile device tries to connect to the BSS. (Also called ESSID.) The SSID differentiates one WLAN from another, so all access points and all devices attempting to connect to a specific WLAN must use the same SSID. A device will not be permitted to join the BSS unless it can provide the unique SSID. Because an SSID can be sniffed in plain text from a packet, it does not supply any security to the network. An SSID is also referred to as a Network Name because essentially it is a name that identifies a wireless network. SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) Commonly used encryption scheme used by many online retail and banking sites to protect the financial integrity of transactions. When an SSL session begins, the server sends its public key to the browser. The browser then sends a randomly generated secret key back to the server in order to have a secret key exchange for that session. Subnetwork or Subnet Found in larger networks, these smaller networks are used to simplify addressing between numerous computers. Subnets connect to the central network through a router, hub or gateway. Each individual wireless LAN will probably use the same subnet for all the local computers it talks to. Switch A type of hub that efficiently controls the way multiple devices use the same network so that each can operate at optimal performance. A switch acts as a networks traffic cop: rather than transmitting all the packets it receives to all ports as a hub does, a switch transmits packets to only the receiving port. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) A protocol used along with the Internet Protocol (IP) to send data in the form of individual units (called packets) between computers over the Internet. While IP takes care of handling the actual delivery of the data, TCP takes care of keeping track of the packets that a message is divided into for efficient routing through the Internet. For example, when a web page is downloaded from a web server, the TCP program layer in that server divides the file into packets, numbers the packets, and then forwards them individually to the IP program layer. Although each packet has the same destination IP address, it may get routed differently through the network. At the other end, TCP reassembles the individual packets and waits until they have all arrived to forward them as a single file. Glossary 11 202-10101-01, May 2005

Section	Page
Reference Manual for the NETGEAR RangeMax™ Wireless Access Point WPN802	1
Contents	5
Chapter 1 About This Manual	9
Audience, Scope, Conventions, and Formats	9
Table 1-1. Typographical Conventions	9
Table 1-2. Manual Scope	9
How to Use This Manual	10
How to Print this Manual	10
Chapter 2 Introduction	13
Key Features	13
RangeMax™ Multi-In, Multi-Out (MIMO) Technology	13
802.11g Wireless Networking	14
Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink	14
Compatible and Related NETGEAR Products	15
Package Contents	15
The Front Panel Status Lights	16
Table 2-1. Status Light Descriptions	16
The Rear Panel	16
Figure 2-1: WPN802 Rear Panel	16
Chapter 3 Basic Installation and Configuration	19
Default Factory Settings	19
System Requirements	20
Prepare to Install Your Wireless Access Point	20
First, Connect the Wireless Access Point to Your Computer	20
1. Prepare a computer with Internet access and an Ethernet adapter. If this computer is already part of your network, record its TCP/IP configuration settings.	20
2. Configure the computer with a static IP address of 192.168.0.210 and 255.255.255.0 as the Subnet Mask.	21
3. Connect an Ethernet cable from the WPN802 to the computer.	21
Figure 3-1: WPN802 connected to a computer during configuration	21
4. Turn on your computer, and connect the power adapter to the WPN802. Then check the lights on the front:	21
Then, Configure the Basic Settings	22
1. Connect to the WPN802 by opening your browser and entering http://192.168.0.231 in the address field.	22
2. When prompted, enter admin for the user name and password for the password, both in lower case letters. The Settings page opens.	22
Figure 3-2: WPN802 Settings page	22
3. Click the Basic Settings link to configure the IP Settings for your network. The Basic Settings menu appears:	23
Figure 3-3: Basic Settings menu	23
4. Configure the Basic Settings for your network.	23
Next, Configure the Wireless Settings	24
1. On the Settings page, click Wireless Settings. The Wireless Settings menu appears:	24
Figure 3-4: Wireless Settings menu	24
2. Enter the wireless settings. For more information, see “Understanding Wireless Settings” on page 4-2.	24
3. Test the wireless connectivity. To do this, use a computer with a wireless adapter that is configured according to the wireless settings you just set in the WPN802. With this computer, establish a wireless connection to the WPN802.	24
Deploy the WPN802 and Verify Wireless Connectivity	25
1. Disconnect the WPN802 and position it where you will deploy it.	25
Figure 3-5: WPN802 placed in a vertical orientation	25
2. Connect an Ethernet cable from your WPN802 Access Point to a LAN port on your router, switch, or hub.	25
Figure 3-6: WPN802 connected to a router	25
3. Connect the power adapter to the wireless access point and plug the power adapter in to a power outlet. The Power, WLAN and Ethernet lights should light up.	26
4. Using a computer with an 802.11g or 802.11b wireless adapter with the correct wireless settings, verify connectivity by using...	26
5. Configure the wireless settings for each computer that will use the wireless access point.	26
6. Implement wireless security according to the instructions in “Understanding Wireless Settings” on page 4-2.	26
How to Log In to the WPN802 Using Its Default IP Address	26
Figure 3-7: Login window	26
2. Enter admin for the user name and password for the password, both in lower case letters. To change the password, see “This page displays both wired and wireless interface network traffic. Click Refresh to update the current statistics.” on page 5-6.	26
Figure 3-8: WPN802 home page	27
Chapter 4 Wireless Configuration	29
Observe Performance, Placement, and Range Guidelines	29
Figure 4-1: Vertical orientation required on metallic surfaces	30
Understanding Wireless Settings	30
Figure 4-2: Wireless Settings menu	30
Understanding Advanced Wireless Settings	31
Figure 4-3: Advanced Wireless Settings menu	32
Implementing Appropriate Wireless Security	33
Figure 4-4: WPN802 wireless data security options	33
Information to Gather Before Changing Basic Wireless Settings	35
How to Set Up and Test Basic Wireless Connectivity	36
Figure 4-5: Wireless Settings menu	36
How to Configure WEP or WPA	37
Figure 4-6: Wireless Settings encryption menu	38
5. Either enter a Passphrase and click Generate Keys, or manually enter the keys. The keys must be identical on all computers and access points in your network.	38
6. Enable Wireless Client Security Separator: The associated wireless clients will not be able to communicate with each other if this feature is enabled. The default setting is Disable.	39
Configuring Advanced Wireless Settings	39
Figure 4-7: Advanced Wireless Settings page	39
Wireless Card Access (Restricting by MAC Address)	40
Figure 4-8: Wireless Access Control List screen	40
Turning Access Control On	41
1. Click the Turn Access Control On check box to restrict wireless computers by their MAC addresses.	41
2. Click Apply to save changes and return to the Wireless Settings page.	41
Setting up the Access Control List	41
1. On the Access Control List screen, click the Add button to go to the Access Setup menu.	41
2. If the desired computer is in the list, click the radio button of that computer to capture its MAC address. Or you can manually enter the MAC address of the authorized computer.	41
3. Click the Add button.	41
4. Repeat these steps for each wireless computer.	41
5. You can use the Edit and Delete buttons as needed.	41
6. Make sure to click the Apply button to save changes and return to the Wireless Settings page.	41
Chapter 5 Management and Information	43
Changing the Password	43
Figure 5-1: Change Password dialog box	43
Upgrading the Wireless Access Point Firmware	44
First, Prepare for the Firmware Upgrade	44
Then, Upgrade the Firmware	44
1. Go to the NETGEAR Web site http://www.NETGEAR.com Customer Service downloads section to get new versions of the Access Point software.	44
2. Download and unzip (if the download file is a .zip file) the new software file.	44
Figure 5-2: Upgrade Firmware dialog box	45
Backing up Settings or Restoring Settings	45
Figure 5-3: Backup/Restore Settings dialog box	45
Backing up Settings	46
1. On the Backup/Restore Settings dialog box, click Backup.	46
2. Retrieve backed up settings from a file	46
Restoring Settings from a Backup File	46
1. On the Backup/Restore Settings dialog box, click Browse.	46
2. Locate and select the previously saved backup file (by default, netgear.cfg).	46
3. Click Retrieve.	46
4. Close the message window.	46
Restoring Factory Default Settings	46
Rebooting the WPN802 Access Point	47
1. From the main menu of the browser interface, click the Reboot AP link under the Management heading.	47
Figure 5-4: Reboot AP dialog box	47
2. Select Yes, and then click Apply.	47
Viewing a List of Available Wireless Stations	47
Figure 5-5: Available Wireless Station List	47
Viewing Statistics	48
Figure 5-6: Statistics screen	48
Chapter 6 Troubleshooting	49
Troubleshooting Tips	49
No lights are lit on the access point.	49
The Ethernet light is not lit.	49
The WLAN light is not lit.	49
I cannot configure the access point from a browser.	50
I cannot access the Internet or the LAN with a wireless capable computer.	50
When I enter a URL or IP address I get a timeout error.	50
Using the Reset Button to Restore Factory Default Settings	51
To clear all data and restore the factory default values:	51
1. Power off the WPN802 and power it back on.	51
2. Use something with a small point, such as a pen, to press the reset button in and hold it in for at least five seconds.	51
3. Release the reset button.	51
Appendix A Technical Specifications	53
Appendix B Wireless Networking Basics	55
Wireless Networking Overview	55
Infrastructure Mode	55
Ad Hoc Mode (Peer-to-Peer Workgroup)	56
Network Name: Extended Service Set Identification (ESSID)	56
Authentication and WEP Data Encryption	56
802.11 Authentication	57
Open System Authentication	57
Figure B-1: Open system authentication	58
Shared Key Authentication	58
Figure B-2: Shared key authentication	59
Overview of WEP Parameters	59
Key Size	60
WEP Configuration Options	61
Wireless Channels	61
WPA and WPA2 Wireless Security	62
How Does WPA Compare to WEP?	63
How Does WPA Compare to WPA2 (IEEE 802.11i)?	64
What are the Key Features of WPA and WPA2 Security?	64
WPA/WPA2 Authentication: Enterprise-level User Authentication via 802.1x/EAP and RADIUS	66
Figure B-3: WPA/WPA2 Overview	66
Figure B-4: 802.1x Authentication Sequence	67
WPA/WPA2 Data Encryption Key Management	68
Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP)	69
Michael	69
AES Support for WPA2	69
Is WPA/WPA2 Perfect?	70
Product Support for WPA/WPA2	70
Supporting a Mixture of WPA, WPA2, and WEP Wireless Clients is Discouraged	70
Changes to Wireless Access Points	71
Changes to Wireless Network Adapters	71
Changes to Wireless Client Programs	72

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Reference Manual for the NETGEAR RangeMax™ Wireless Access Point WPN802

Glossary

202-10101-01, May 2005

Site survey

The process whereby a wireless network installer inspects a location prior to putting in a wireless network.

Site surveys are used to identify the radio- and client-use properties of a facility so that access points can be

optimally placed.

SSID (also called ESSID)

A 32-character unique identifier attached to the header of packets sent over a WLAN that acts as a password

when a mobile device tries to connect to the BSS. (Also called ESSID.) The SSID differentiates one WLAN

from another, so all access points and all devices attempting to connect to a specific WLAN must use the

same SSID.

A device will not be permitted to join the BSS unless it can provide the unique SSID. Because an SSID can

be sniffed in plain text from a packet, it does not supply any security to the network. An SSID is also

referred to as a Network Name because essentially it is a name that identifies a wireless network.

SSL (Secure Sockets Layer)

Commonly used encryption scheme used by many online retail and banking sites to protect the financial

integrity of transactions. When an SSL session begins, the server sends its public key to the browser. The

browser then sends a randomly generated secret key back to the server in order to have a secret key

exchange for that session.

Subnetwork or Subnet

Found in larger networks, these smaller networks are used to simplify addressing between numerous

computers. Subnets connect to the central network through a router, hub or gateway. Each individual

wireless LAN will probably use the same subnet for all the local computers it talks to.

Switch

A type of hub that efficiently controls the way multiple devices use the same network so that each can

operate at optimal performance. A switch acts as a networks traffic cop: rather than transmitting all the

packets it receives to all ports as a hub does, a switch transmits packets to only the receiving port.

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)

A protocol used along with the Internet Protocol (IP) to send data in the form of individual units (called

packets) between computers over the Internet. While IP takes care of handling the actual delivery of the

data, TCP takes care of keeping track of the packets that a message is divided into for efficient routing

through the Internet.

For example, when a web page is downloaded from a web server, the TCP program layer in that server

divides the file into packets, numbers the packets, and then forwards them individually to the IP program

layer. Although each packet has the same destination IP address, it may get routed differently through the

network. At the other end, TCP reassembles the individual packets and waits until they have all arrived to

forward them as a single file.