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Yamaha PSR-1000 Owner's Manual - Page 157

Example Keyboard Data, Channel Messages, MIDI channels

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Using Your PSR-2000/1000 with Other Devices I Example Keyboard Data Voice number (with what voice) 01 (grand piano) Note number (with which key) 60 (C3) Note on (when was it pressed) and note off (when was it released) Timing expressed numerically (quarter note) Velocity (about how strong) 120 (strong) Panel operations on the PSR-2000/1000, such as playing the keyboard and selecting voices, are processed and stored as MIDI data. The auto accompaniment styles and songs also consist of MIDI data. MIDI is an acronym that stands for Musical Instrument Digital Interface, which allows electronic musical instruments to communicate with each other, by sending and receiving compatible Note, Control Change, Program Change and various other types of MIDI data, or messages. The PSR-2000/1000 can control a MIDI device by transmitting note related data and various types of controller data.The PSR-2000/1000 can be controlled by incoming MIDI messages which automatically determine the tone generator mode, select MIDI channels, voices and effects, change parameter values and of course play the voices specified for the various parts. MIDI data has the following advantages over audio data: • The amount of data is much less, letting you easily store MIDI songs to floppy disk. • The data can be effectively and easily edited, even to the point of changing voices and transforming the data. MIDI channels MIDI performance data is assigned to one of sixteen MIDI channels. Using these channels, 1 - 16, the performance data for sixteen different instrument parts can be simultaneously sent over one MIDI cable. Think of the MIDI channels as TV channels. Each TV station transmits its broadcasts over a specific channel.Your home TV set receives many different programs simultaneously from several TV stations and you select the appropriate channel to watch the desired program. Weather Report News 1 2 2 News MIDI operates on the same basic principle. The transmitting instrument sends MIDI data on a specific MIDI channel (MIDI Transmit Channel) via a single MIDI cable to the receiving instrument. If the receiving instrument's MIDI channel (MIDI Receive Channel) matches the Transmit Channel, the receiving instrument will sound according to the data sent by the transmitting instrument. MIDI transmit channel 2 MIDI cable MIDI receive channel 2 MIDI messages can be divided into two groups: Channel messages and System messages. The PSR-2000/1000's keyboard and internal tone generator are also connected by MIDI (page 145). I Channel Messages The PSR-2000/1000 is an electronic instrument that can handle 16 channels (or 32 channels, when using the TO HOST terminal). This is usually expressed as "it can play 16 instruments at the same time." Channel messages transmit information such as Note ON/OFF, Program Change, for each of the 16 channels. Message Name Note ON/OFF Program Change Control Change PSR-2000/1000 Operation/Panel Setting Messages which are generated when the keyboard is played. Each message includes a specific note number which corresponds to the key which is pressed, plus a velocity value based on how hard the key is played. Voice selecting (control change bank select MSB/LSB setting) Volume, panpot (Mixing Console), etc. The performance data of all songs and styles is handled as MIDI data. For example, several tracks (channels) can be transmitted simultaneously, including the style data (as shown below). Example: Recording the auto accompaniment of the PSR-2000/ 1000 to an external sequencer PSR-2000/1000 track (channnel) MAIN LAYER LEFT STYLE instrument STYLE instrument STYLE instrument STYLE instrument STYLE instrument STYLE instrument STYLE instrument STYLE instrument MIDI cable or serial cable Channel 1 Channel 2 Channel 3 Channel 4 Channel 5 Channel 6 Channel 7 Channel 8 Channel 9 Channel 10 Channel 11 External sequencer Track 1 Track 2 Track 3 Track 4 Track 5 Track 6 Track 7 Track 8 Track 9 Track 10 Track 11 PSR-2000/1000 157

Section	Page
PSR2000_E1.pdf	2
PRECAUTIONS	3
Accessories	6
PA-300 AC Adaptor*	6
Floppy Disk [includes accompaniment style files (pages 28 and 59), and MIDI Driver (page154)]	6
Music Stand (page17)	6
Data List	6
Owner’s Manual	6
About this Owner’s Manual and Data List	6
Handling the Floppy Disk Drive (FDD) and Floppy Disk	7
Compatible Disk Type	7
Inserting/Ejecting Floppy Disks	7
To insert a floppy disk into the disk drive:	7
To eject a floppy disk:	7
Cleaning the Disk Drive Read/Write Head	7
About the Floppy Disks	8
To handle floppy disks with care:	8
To protect your data (Write-protect Tab):	8
Data backup	8
About the Display Messages	8
Application Index	12
Organ Flutes (PSR-2000)	15
LCD	15
MUSIC FINDER	15
TO HOST terminal	15
Vocal Harmony (PSR-2000)	15
VOICE	15
Setting Up the PSR-2000/1000	16
2 Adjusting the display contrast	17
3 Setting the volume	17
Panel Controls and Terminals	18
Quick Guide	20
Playing the Demos	20
Song Playback	21
Playback of Songs	21
Playing Voices	25
Playing a Voice	25
Playing Two Voices Simultaneously	26
Playing Different Voices with the Left and Right Hands	27
Playing Styles	28
Playing a style	28
Style Sections	30
Accompaniment Structure	31
One Touch Setting	32
Music Finder	33
Using the Music Finder	33
Searching the Music Finder Records	34
Playing with the Songs	36
Playing Along with the PSR-2000/1000	36
Recording	37
Basic Operations — Organizing Your Data	38
Example — Open/Save display for Voice	39
Selecting Files and Folders	40
File/Folder-related Operations	41
Naming Files/Folders	41
Moving Files/Folders	42
Copying Files/Folders	43
Deleting Files/Folders	43
Saving Files	44
Organizing Files by Creating a New Folder	44
Displaying Upper Level pages	44
Entering Characters and Changing Icons	44
Entering Characters	45
Converting into Kanji (Japanese language)	45
Entering special character marks (umlaut, accent, Japanese “” and “”)	45
Entering miscellaneous characters (marks)	45
Entering numbers	45
Changing the Icon	46
Using the [DATA ENTRY] Dial	46
Adjusting values	46
Selecting items	46
Direct Access — Instant Selection of Displays	47
Help Messages	49
Using the Metronome	50
Adjusting the Tempo	50
Tap Tempo	51
Tempo Indications — MAIN Display	51
Reference	52
Playing the Demos	52
Voices	54
Selecting a Voice	54
Layer/Left — Playing Several Sounds Simultaneously	56
Layer — Layering Two Different Voices	56
Left — Setting Separate Voices for the Left and Right Sections of the Keyboard	57
Applying Voice Effects	57
TOUCH	57
SUSTAIN	57
DSP	57
VARIATION	58
HARMONY/ECHO	58
MONO	58
LEFT HOLD	58
PITCH BEND Wheel & MODULATION Wheel	58
Adjusting the Octave setting	58
Styles	59
Playing a style	59
Playing a Style’s Rhythm Channels only	61
Adjusting the Volume Balance/Channel Muting	61
Chord Fingerings	62
Arranging the Style Pattern (SECTIONS: MAIN A/B/C/D, INTRO, ENDING, BREAK)	64
Stopping the Style Playback While Releasing Keys (SYNC. STOP)	65
Selecting Intro and Ending Types (INTRO/ENDING)	66
Playing Fill-in patterns automatically when changing accompaniment sections — Auto Fill In	66
Appropriate Panel Setting for the Selected Style (ONE TOUCH SETTING)	67
Automatically Changing One Touch Settings with the Sections — OTS Link	68
Registering the Panel Controls in One Touch Setting (ONE TOUCH SETTING)	68
Calling Up Ideal Setups for Your Music — Music Finder	69
Searching the Ideal Setups — Music Finder Search	70
[A] MUSIC	70
[B] KEYWORD	70
[C] STYLE	70
[D] BEAT	70
[E] SEARCH AREA	70
[F]~[H] CLEAR	70
[1st] TEMPO FROM	70
[2st]TEMPO TO	70
[3st]~[5st] GENRE	70
[8t] CANCEL	70
Editing Records — Music Finder Record Edit	71
[A] MUSIC	71
[B] KEYWORD	71
[C] STYLE	71
[D] BEAT	71
[E] FAVORITE	71
[F]~[H] CLEAR	71
[I] DELETE RECORD	71
[J] NEW RECORD	72
[1ts] TEMPO	72
[3ts]~[5ts] GENRE	72
[6ts] GENRE NAME	72
[8s] OK	72
[8t] CANCEL	72
The Multi Pads	73
Playing the Multi Pads	73
Chord Match	73
Multi Pad Edit	74
Song Playback	75
Compatible Song Types	75
Song Playback	76
Playing the Internal Songs	76
Playing Back Songs on Disk	78
Other Playback-related Operations	78
Repeat / Rewind / Fast forward	78
Adjusting the Volume Balance / Muting Specific Channels	78
Muting Specific Parts — Track1/Track2/Extra Tracks	79
Repeat Playback of a Specific Range	79
Displaying Music Notation — Score (PSR-2000 only)	80
[1st] LEFT CH/[2st] RIGHT CH	81
[3st], [4st] KEY SIGNATURE	81
[5st] QUANTIZE	81
[6st] NOTE NAME	82
[8s] OK	82
[8t] CANCEL	82
Displaying the Lyrics	83
Saving and Recalling Custom Panel Setups — Registration Memory	84
Registering Panel Setups — Registration Memory	84
Saving Your Registration Memory Setups	85
Recalling a Registration Memory Setup	86
Recalling the Registered Settings	86
Selecting the Freeze Settings	86
Editing Voices — Sound Creator	87
Operation	87
Regular Voice Parameters	88
COMMON	88
SOUND	89
FILTER	89
EG	89
VIBRATO	90
EFFECT/EQ	90
HARMONY	90
Organ Flutes (PSR-2000 only)	91
Parameters	91
Recording Your Performances and Creating Songs — Song Creator	92
About Song Recording	92
Quick Recording (page93)	92
Multi Recording (page94)	92
Step Recording (page96)	92
Song Editing (page102)	92
Quick Recording	93
When creating a new song:	93
Play back your new song	93
Multi Recording	94
When creating a new song:	94
Recording Individual Notes — Step Record	96
Operation	96
Measure/Beat/Clock	97
Velocity	97
Gate Time	97
Recording Melodies — Step Record (Note)	98
Play back the newly created melody	98
Recording Chord Changes for the Auto Accompaniment — Step Record (Chord)	99
Entering Chords and Sections (Chord Step)	99
Play back the newly created chord progression	100
Select the Recording Options: Starting, Stopping, Punching In/Out — Rec Mode	101
Editing a Recorded Song	102
Editing Channel-related Parameters — Channel	102
Quantize	102
About Quantize Size	102
Delete	103
Mix	103
Channel Transpose	104
Set Up	104
Editing Note Events — 1 - 16	105
Editing Chord Events — CHD	106
Editing System Events — SYS/EX. (System Exclusive)	106
Inputting and Editing Lyrics	107
Customizing the Event List — Filter	107
Creating Accompaniment Styles — Style Creator	108
About Creating Accompaniment Styles	108
Realtime Recording (page110)	108
Step Recording (page111)	108
Assembling an Accompaniment Style (page112)	108
Editing the created Accompaniment Style (page113)	108
Style File Format	109
Operation	109
Realtime Recording — Basic	110
Step Recording	111
Assembling an Accompaniment Style —Assembly	112
Edit the Created Accompaniment Style	113
Change the Rhythmic Feel — Groove and Dynamics	113
Groove	113
Dynamics	114
Editing the Channel Data	115
Quantize	115
Velocity Change	115
Bar Copy	115
Bar Clear	115
Remove Event	115
Making Style File Format Settings —Parameter	116
Source Root/Chord	116
NTR (Note Transposition Rule) and NTT (Note Transposition Table)	116
High Key/Note Limit	117
RTR (Retrigger Rule)	117
Creating Multi Pad — Multi Pad Creator	118
Operation	118
Multi Pad Realtime Recording — Record	119
Start recording	119
Stop recording	119
Step Recording or Editing Multi Pads — Edit	120
Adjust the Volume Balance and Changing Voices — Mixing Console	121
Operation	121
About the parameters	121
Setting the Level Balance and Voice — Volume/Voice	122
Changing the Tone of the Voice — Filter	123
Changing Pitch-related Settings — Tune	123
Adjusting the Effects	124
Effect Structure	126
Setting the Equalizer—EQ (PSR-2000 only)	127
Using a Microphone — MIC. (PSR-2000)	128
Selecting a Vocal Harmony Type	129
Making Settings for the Vocal Harmony and Microphone — MICROPHONE SETTING	130
Operation	130
Adjusting the Vocal Harmony Settings and Microphone Effects — OVERALL SETTING	130
3BAND EQ (3-BAND EQUALIZER)	130
NOISE GATE	130
COMPRESSOR	131
VOCAL HARMONY CONTROL	131
MIC (MICROPHONE)	131
Setting the Microphone Volume and Related Effects — TALK SETTING	132
VOLUME/PAN/REVERB DEPTH/CHORUS DEPTH/TOTAL VOLUME ATTENUATOR	132
DSP/TYPE/DEPTH	132
Making Global and Other Important Settings — Function	133
Operation	133
Adjusting the Pitch and Tuning — Master Tune and Scale Tune	133
Master Tune (page135)	133
Scale Tune (page135)	133
Setting Song-related Parameters — Song Settings (page137)	133
Setting Auto Accompaniment-related Parameters — Style Setting, Split Point, and Chord Fingering	133
Style Setting / Split Point (page138)	133
Chord Fingering (page139)	133
Making Settings for the Pedals and Keyboard — Controller	134
Pedal (page139)	134
Keyboard / Panel (page141)	134
Setting the Registration Sequence, Freeze, and Voice Set	134
Registration Sequence (page142)	134
Freeze (page142)	134
Voice Set (page143)	134
Setting Harmony and Echo (page143)	134
Making MIDI Settings	134
System (page145)	134
Transmit (page146)	134
Receive (page147)	134
Root (page147)	134
Chord Detect (page147)	134
Other Settings — Utility	134
Config 1 (page148)	134
Config 2 (page149)	134
Disk (page150)	134
Owner (page151)	134
System Reset (page151)	134
Fine Tuning the Pitch/Selecting a Scale — Master Tune/Scale Tune	135
Tuning the Overall Pitch — Master Tune	135
Selecting a Scale — Scale Tune	135
Scale	136
Equal Temperament	136
Pure Major/Pure Minor	136
Pythagorean	136
Mean-Tone	136
Werckmeister/Kirnberger	136
Arabic	136
Setting Song-related Parameters — Song Settings	137
Setting Auto Accompaniment-related Parameters — Style Setting, Split Point, and Chord Fingering	138
Setting Auto Accompaniment-related Parameters — Style Setting and Split Point	138
Setting the Fingering Method — Chord Fingering	139
Making Settings for the Pedals and Keyboard — Controller	139
Making Settings for the Pedals	139
Pedal-controllable Functions	140
Changing the Touch Sensitivity Modulation and Transpose — Keyboard/Panel	141
Keyboard Touch/Modulation Wheel	141
Transpose Assign	141
Setting the Registration Sequence, Freeze, and Voice Set	142
Specifying the Order for Calling Up Registration Memory Presets — Registration Sequence	142
Maintaining Panel Settings — Freeze	142
Changing the Automatically Selected Voice Settings — Voice Set	143
Setting Harmony and Echo	143
About the Harmony Types	144
When a normal Harmony type (“Standard Duet” through “Strum”) is selected	144
When “Multi Assign” is selected	144
When “Echo” is selected	144
When “Tremolo” is selected	144
When “Trill” is selected	144
About the Harmony Assignments	144
Setting the MIDI Parameters	145
Making Overall System Settings (Local Control, Clock, etc.) — System	145
Local Control	145
Clock, Transmit Clock, Receive Transpose, Start/Stop	146
Clock	146
Transmit Clock	146
Receive Transpose	146
Start/Stop	146
Message Switch	146
Transmitting MIDI Data — Transmit	146
Receiving MIDI Data — Receive	147
Setting Root Note Channels — Root	147
Setting Chord Channels — Chord Detect	147
Other Settings — Utility	148
Making Settings for Fade In/Out, Metronome, Parameter Lock, and Tap — CONFIG 1	148
Fade In Time, Fade Out Time, Fade Out Hold Time	148
Metronome	148
Parameter Lock	149
Tap Count	149
Making Settings for the Display and Voice Number Indication — CONFIG 2	149
Copying and Formatting Disks — Disk	150
Entering Your Name and Language Preference — Owner	151
Restoring the Factory-programmed Settings of the PSR-2000/1000 — System Reset	151
Using Your PSR-2000/1000 with Other Devices	152
1 Using the Headphones (PHONES jack).	152
2 Connecting the Microphone or Guitar (MIC./LINE IN jack) (PSR-2000 only).	152
3 Playing the sounds of the PSR-2000/1000 through an external audio system, and recording the sou...	153
4 Using the Pedal (footswitch) or Foot Controller (FOOT PEDAL 1/2 jack)	153
5 Connecting external MIDI devices (MIDI terminals)	153
6 Connecting to a Computer (MIDI terminals/TO HOST terminal)	154
Using the TO HOST terminal	154
IBM-PC/AT (Windows)	154
Macintosh	154
Using the MIDI terminals	155
Using the USB terminal on your computer with a USB/MIDI interface (UX256/UX96, etc.)	155
What’s MIDI?	155
Example Keyboard Data	157
Channel Messages	157
MIDI channels	157
System Messages	158
What You Can Do With MIDI	158
Data Compatibility	158
Disk format	158
Sequence Format	159
SMF (Standard MIDI File)	159
ESEQ	159
XF	159
Style File	159
Voice Allocation Format	159
GM System Level 1	159
XG	159
DOC	159
Troubleshooting	160
Specifications	162

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Using Your PSR-2000/1000 with Other Devices

157

PSR-2000/1000

■

Example Keyboard Data

Panel operations on the PSR-2000/1000, such as playing

the keyboard and selecting voices, are processed and

stored as MIDI data. The auto accompaniment styles and

songs also consist of MIDI data.

MIDI is an acronym that stands for Musical Instrument

Digital Interface, which allows electronic musical

instruments to communicate with each other, by sending

and receiving compatible Note, Control Change, Program

Change and various other types of MIDI data, or

messages.

The PSR-2000/1000 can control a MIDI device by

transmitting note related data and various types of

controller data.The PSR-2000/1000 can be controlled by

incoming MIDI messages which automatically determine

the tone generator mode, select MIDI channels, voices

and effects, change parameter values and of course play

the voices speciﬁed for the various parts.

MIDI messages can be divided into two groups: Channel

messages and System messages.

■

Channel Messages

The PSR-2000/1000 is an electronic instrument that can

handle 16 channels (or 32 channels, when using the TO

HOST terminal). This is usually expressed as “it can play

16 instruments at the same time.” Channel messages

transmit information such as Note ON/OFF, Program

Change, for each of the 16 channels.

MIDI channels

MIDI performance data is assigned to one of sixteen

MIDI channels. Using these channels, 1 - 16, the

performance data for sixteen different instrument parts

can be simultaneously sent over one MIDI cable.

Think of the MIDI channels as TV channels. Each TV

station transmits its broadcasts over a speciﬁc

channel.Your home TV set receives many different

programs simultaneously from several TV stations and

you select the appropriate channel to watch the desired

program.

MIDI operates on the same basic principle. The

transmitting instrument sends MIDI data on a speciﬁc

MIDI channel (MIDI Transmit Channel) via a single

MIDI cable to the receiving instrument. If the receiving

instrument’s MIDI channel (MIDI Receive Channel)

matches the Transmit Channel, the receiving instrument

will sound according to the data sent by the

transmitting instrument.

For example, several tracks (channels) can be

transmitted simultaneously, including the style data (as

shown below).

Example: Recording the auto accompaniment of the PSR-2000/

1000 to an external sequencer

Voice number (with what voice)

01 (grand piano)

Note number (with which key)

60 (C3)

Note on (when was it pressed)

and

note off (when was it released)

Timing expressed numerically

(quarter note)

Velocity (about how strong)

120 (strong)

Message Name

PSR-2000/1000 Operation/Panel Setting

Note ON/OFF

Messages which are generated when the

keyboard is played. Each message includes

a speci

ﬁ

c note number which corresponds

to the key which is pressed, plus a velocity

value based on how hard the key is played.

Program Change

Voice selecting (control change bank select

MSB/LSB setting)

Control Change

Volume, panpot (Mixing Console), etc.

MIDI data has the following advantages over audio data:

•

The amount of data is much less, letting you easily store MIDI

songs to

ﬂ

oppy disk.

•

The data can be effectively and easily edited, even to the point of

changing voices and transforming the data.

The performance data of all songs and styles is handled as MIDI

data.

Weather Report

News

MIDI transmit channel 2

MIDI receive channel 2

MIDI

cable

The PSR-2000/1000

’

s keyboard and internal tone generator are

also connected by MIDI (page 145).

MIDI cable or

serial cable

PSR-2000/1000 track (channnel)

MAIN

LAYER

LEFT

STYLE instrument

External sequencer

Track 1

Track 2

Track 3

Track 4

Track 5

Track 6

Track 7

Track 8

Track 9

Track 10

Track 11

Channel 1

Channel 2

Channel 3

Channel 4

Channel 5

Channel 6

Channel 7

Channel 8

Channel 9

Channel 10

Channel 11