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Drive arrays and fault-tolerance methods In this section Drive arrays...60 Fault-tolerance methods...62 Drive arrays The capacity and performance of a single physical (hard) drive is adequate for home users. However, business users demand higher storage capacities, higher data transfer rates, and greater protection against data loss when drives fail. Connecting extra physical drives (Pn in the figure) to a system increases the total storage capacity but has no effect on the efficiency of read/write (R/W) operations. Data can still be transferred to only one physical drive at a time. Drive arrays and fault-tolerance methods 60

Section	Page
HP Array Configuration Utility User Guide	1
Notice	2
Contents	3
Getting started	5
Features and system requirements	5
Installing ACU	5
Setting the execution mode for Microsoft Windows	6
Comparison of ACU execution modes	6
Overview for using ACU	6
Selecting an operating mode	7
Opening ACU in Local Application mode	8
Opening ACU in Browser mode	8
Opening ACU through Systems Insight Manager	9
GUI operating modes	10
Typical Standard mode screen	10
Typical Configuration Wizards mode screen	11
Typical Express Configuration mode screen	12
Completing the configuration process	12
Configuring a new controller	13
Using Standard Configuration mode	13
Possible tasks in Standard Configuration mode	13
Using Express Configuration mode	14
Using the configuration wizards	15
Creating an array	15
Creating a logical drive	17
Modifying an existing configuration	19
Choices available after opening ACU	19
Modifying a configuration using Standard Configuration mode	19
Modifying a configuration using Express mode	20
Modifying a configuration using the Configuration wizards	20
Clear Configuration	20
Controller settings	21
Create an array	21
Create a logical drive	22
Delete arrays	23
Delete logical drives	24
Expand Array	24
Extend logical drive	25
Migrate a logical drive	25
Spare management	26
Selective Storage Presentation	26
RA4x00 controllers	26
MSA and Smart Array Cluster storage controllers	27
Configuring switches	28
Splitting a mirrored array	29
Recombining a split, mirrored array	29
Scripting in ACU	31
Introduction to scripting in ACU	31
Operating modes	31
Command line syntax	31
Sample custom input script	32
Script file options	33
Option categories in ACU scripting	33
Control category	34
Action	34
Method	34
Controller category	34
Controller	35
ClearConfigurationWithDataLoss	35
LicenseKey, DeleteLicenseKey	35
ChassisName	35
ReadCache, WriteCache	35
RebuildPriority, ExpandPriority	36
SurfaceScanDelay	36
SSPState	36
PreferredPathMode	36
Array category	37
Array	37
OnlineSpare	37
Drive	37
Logical Drive category	37
LogicalDrive	38
RAID	38
Size	38
Sectors	38
StripeSize	38
ArrayAccelerator	39
LogicalDriveSSPState	39
SSPAdaptersWithAccess	39
PreferredPath	39
HBA_WW_ID	39
ConnectionName	39
HostMode	40
Error reporting	40
ACU scripting error messages	40
Using the Command Line Interface	44
Overview of the ACU CLI	44
Running the CLI	44
CLI syntax	45
The <target> variable	45
The <command> variable	45
Keyword abbreviations	45
Hiding warning prompts	46
Querying a device	46
Help	46
Typical procedures	46
Creating a logical drive	47
Sample scenario	47
Modifying the controller chassis name	49
Using Selective Storage Presentation	49
Sample scenario	49
Modifying connection names	50
Managing host modes (connection profiles)	51
Deleting target devices	51
Identifying devices	51
Expanding an array	52
Extending a logical drive	52
Managing spare drives	52
Migrating a logical drive	53
Changing the Rebuild Priority setting	53
Changing the Expand Priority setting	54
Changing the controller cache ratio	54
Changing the surface scan delay time	54
Re-enabling a failed logical drive	55
Enabling or disabling the drive cache	55
Enabling or disabling the array accelerator	55
Disabling a redundant controller	55
Setting the target	56
Setting the preferred path mode	57
Assigning a redundant controller to a logical drive	57
Rescanning the system	57
Probability of logical drive failure	58
Factors involved in logical drive failure	58
Probability of logical drive failure vs. number of drives in array	59
Drive arrays and fault-tolerance methods	60
Drive arrays	60
Fault-tolerance methods	62
Hardware-based fault-tolerance methods	62
RAID 0—No fault tolerance	63
RAID 1+0—drive mirroring	64
RAID 5—distributed data guarding	65
RAID 6 (ADG)—Advanced Data Guarding	65
Comparing the hardware-based RAID methods	66
Selecting a RAID method	67
Alternative fault-tolerance methods	67
Diagnosing array problems	68
Diagnostic tools	68
Acronyms and abbreviations	69

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Drive arrays and fault-tolerance methods

In this section

Drive arrays

...........................................................................................................................................

Fault-tolerance methods

...........................................................................................................................

Drive arrays

The capacity and performance of a single physical (hard) drive is adequate for home users. However,

business users demand higher storage capacities, higher data transfer rates, and greater protection

against data loss when drives fail.

Connecting extra physical drives (P

in the figure) to a system increases the total storage capacity but has

no effect on the efficiency of read/write (R/W) operations. Data can still be transferred to only one

physical drive at a time.