ZyXEL P-964 User Guide - Page 45

FCC Firewall Flash memory FTP Gateway Hacker HDLC Headend HFC Host HTTP IANA ICMP Integrity internet Internet Internet Worm Intranet Intruder IP IPCP (PPP) IPX P964 APR Cable Router with 802.11g Access Point The FCC (Federal Communications Commission) is in charge of allocating the electromagnetic spectrum and thus the bandwidth of various communication systems. A hardware or software "wall" that restricts access in and out of a network. Firewalls are most often used to separate an internal LAN or WAN from the Internet. The nonvolatile storage that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed so that data can be stored, booted, and rewritten as necessary. File Transfer Protocol is an Internet file transfer service that operates on the Internet and over TCP/IP networks. FTP is basically a client/server protocol in which a system running the FTP server accepts commands from a system running an FTP client. The service allows users to send commands to the server for uploading and downloading files. FTP is popular on the Internet because it allows for speedy transfer of large files between two systems. A gateway is a computer system or other device that acts as a translator between two systems that do not use the same communication protocols, data formatting structures, languages, and/or architecture. Generally, a hacker is anyone who enjoys experimenting with technology including computers and networks. Not all hackers are criminals breaking into systems. Some are legitimate users and hobbyists. Nevertheless, some are dedicated criminals or vandals. HDLC (High-level Data Link Control) is a bit-oriented (the data is monitored bit by bit), link layer protocol for the transmission of data over synchronous networks. Central distribution point for a CATV system. Video signals are received here from satellites and maybe other sources, frequency converted to the appropriate channels combined with locally originated signals and rebroadcast onto the HFC plant. The headend is where the CMTS is normally located. HFC (hybrid fiber coaxial cable) is a telecommunication technology in which fiber optic cable and coaxial cable are used in different portions of a network to carry broadband content (such as video, data and voice). Typically, a local cable TV company might use fiber optic cable from the cable headend (distribution center) to serving nodes located close to business and residential users and from these nodes use coaxial cable to individual businesses and homes. An advantage of HFC is that some of the characteristics of fiber optic cable (high bandwidth and low noise and interference susceptibility) can be brought close to the user without having to replace the existing coaxial cable that is installed all the way to the home and business. Any computer on a network that is a repository for services available to other computers on the network. It is quite common to have one host machine provide several services, such as WWW and USENET. Hyper Text Transfer Protocol. The most common protocol used on the Internet. HTTP is the primary protocol used for web sites and web browsers. It is also prone to certain kinds of attacks. Internet Assigned Number Authority acts as the clearinghouse to assign and coordinate the use of numerous Internet protocol parameters such as Internet addresses, domain names, protocol numbers, and more. The IANA Web site is at http://www.isi.edu/iana. Internet Control Message Protocol is a message control and error-reporting protocol between a host server and a gateway to the Internet. ICMP uses Internet Protocol (IP) datagrams, but the messages are processed by the TCP/IP software and are not directly apparent to the application user. Proof that the data is the same as originally intended. Unauthorized software or people have not altered the original information. (Lower case i) Any time you connect 2 or more networks together, you have an internet. (Upper case I) The vast collection of inter-connected networks that all use the TCP/IP protocols and that evolved from the ARPANET of the late 60's and early 70's. The Internet now (July 1995) connects roughly 60,000 independent networks into a vast global internet See Worm. A private network inside a company or organization that uses the same kinds of software that you would find on the public Internet, but that is only for internal use. Person or software interested in breaking computer security to access, modify, or damage data. Also see Cracker. Internet Protocol, is the underlying protocol for routing packets on the Internet and other TCP/IP-based networks. IP Control Protocol allows changes to IP parameters such as the IP address. Internetwork Packet eXchange The native NetWare internetworking protocol is IPX (Internetwork Packet Exchange). Like IP (Internet Protocol), IPX is an internetworking protocol that provides datagram services. Glossary G