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NAT Overview

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CHAPTER 11 Network Address Translation (NAT) 11.1 NAT Overview This chapter discusses how to configure NAT on the Zyxel Device. NAT (Network Address Translation NAT, RFC 1631) is the translation of the IP address of a host in a packet; for example, the source address of an outgoing packet, used within one network, to a different IP address known within another network. 11.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter • Use the Port Forwarding screen to configure forward incoming service requests to the server(s) on your local network (Section 11.2 on page 166). • Use the Port Triggering screen to add and configure the Zyxel Device's trigger port settings (Section 11.3 on page 170). • Use the DMZ screen to configure a default server (Section 11.4 on page 173). • Use the ALG screen to enable and disable the ALGs in the Zyxel Device (Section 11.5 on page 174). • Use the Address Mapping screen to configure the Zyxel Device's address mapping settings (Section 11.6 on page 175). • Use the Sessions screen to configure the Zyxel Device's maximum number of NAT sessions (Section 11.6 on page 175). 11.1.2 What You Need To Know Inside/Outside Inside/outside denotes where a host is located relative to the Zyxel Device, for example, the computers of your subscribers are the inside hosts, while the web servers on the Internet are the outside hosts. Global/Local Global/local denotes the IP address of a host in a packet as the packet traverses a router, for example, the local address refers to the IP address of a host when the packet is in the local network, while the global address refers to the IP address of the host when the same packet is traveling in the WAN side. NAT In the simplest form, NAT changes the source IP address in a packet received from a subscriber (the inside local address) to another (the inside global address) before forwarding the packet to the WAN PX7511-B0 User's Guide 165

Section	Page
PX7511-B0	1
Document Conventions	3
Contents Overview	4
Table of Contents	6
User’s Guide	16
Introducing the Zyxel Device	17
1.1 Overview	17
1.1.1 Multi-Gigabit	17
1.2 Example Applications	17
1.2.1 Internet Access	18
1.2.2 Dual-Band WiFi	18
1.2.3 VoIP Application	19
1.3 Ways to Manage the Zyxel Device	19
1.4 Good Habits for Managing the Zyxel Device	19
1.5 Hardware	20
1.5.1 Front Panel	20
1.5.2 Rear Panel	21
1.5.3 The WPS Button	22
1.5.4 The RESET Button	23
1.5.5 The UPS Port	23
The Web Configurator	24
2.1 Overview	24
2.1.1 Accessing the Web Configurator	24
2.2 Web Configurator Layout	26
2.2.1 Navigation Panel	27
Quick Start Wizard	32
3.1 Overview	32
3.2 Wizard Setup	32
3.2.1 Time Zone	32
3.2.2 Internet	33
3.2.3 WiFi	35
Tutorials	37
4.1 Overview	37
4.2 Setting Up a Secure Wireless Network	37
4.2.1 Configuring the Wireless Network Settings	37
4.2.2 Using WPS	39
4.2.3 Without WPS	43
4.3 Setting Up Multiple Wireless Groups	44
4.4 Configuring Static Route for Routing to Another Network	49
4.5 Configuring QoS Queue and Class Setup	51
4.6 Access the Zyxel Device Using DDNS	55
4.6.1 Registering a DDNS Account on www.dyndns.org	55
4.6.2 Configuring DDNS on Your Zyxel Device	56
4.6.3 Testing the DDNS Setting	56
4.7 Configuring the MAC Address Filter	57
Technical Reference	59
Connection Status	60
5.1 Overview	60
5.1.1 Layout Icon	61
5.1.2 Connectivity	61
5.1.3 System Info	62
5.2 WiFi Settings	65
5.3 Guest WiFi Settings	67
5.4 LAN Settings	68
5.5 Parental Control	70
5.5.1 Create/Edit a Parental Control Profile	71
5.5.2 Define a Schedule	72
Broadband	74
6.1 Overview	74
6.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter	74
6.1.2 What You Need to Know	74
6.1.3 Before You Begin	77
6.2 Broadband Settings	77
6.2.1 Add/Edit Internet Connection	78
6.3 Technical Reference	84
Wireless	88
7.1 Wireless Overview	88
7.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter	88
7.1.2 What You Need to Know	88
7.2 Wireless General Settings	89
7.2.1 No Security	92
7.2.2 More Secure (Recommended)	92
7.3 Guest/More AP	94
7.3.1 The Edit Guest/More AP Screen	94
7.4 MAC Authentication	97
7.4.1 Add/Edit MAC Addresses	98
7.5 WPS Settings	99
7.6 WMM Settings	100
7.7 Others Settings	101
7.8 Channel Status Settings	104
7.9 Technical Reference	104
7.9.1 Wireless Network Overview	104
7.9.2 Additional Wireless Terms	106
7.9.3 Wireless Security Overview	106
7.9.4 Signal Problems	108
7.9.5 BSS	108
7.9.6 MBSSID	109
7.9.7 Preamble Type	109
7.9.8 WiFi Protected Setup (WPS)	110
Home Networking	117
8.1 Home Networking Overview	117
8.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter	117
8.1.2 What You Need To Know	117
8.1.3 Before You Begin	119
8.2 LAN Setup	119
8.3 LAN Static DHCP	123
8.4 UPnP Settings	125
8.4.1 Turning on UPnP in Windows 7 Example	126
8.4.2 Turning on UPnP in Windows 10 Example	128
8.5 LAN Additional Subnet	130
8.6 STB Vendor ID	132
8.7 Wake on LAN	133
8.8 TFTP Server Name	133
8.9 Technical Reference	134
8.9.1 LANs, WANs and the Zyxel Device	134
8.9.2 DHCP Setup	135
8.9.3 DNS Server Addresses	135
8.9.4 LAN TCP/IP	135
Routing	137
9.1 Overview	137
9.2 Static Route Settings	137
9.2.1 Add/Edit Static Route	138
9.3 DNS Route	140
9.3.1 Add DNS Route	140
9.4 Policy Route	141
9.4.1 Add/Edit Policy Route	143
9.5 RIP Settings	144
Quality of Service (QoS)	145
10.1 QoS Overview	145
10.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter	145
10.2 What You Need to Know	146
10.3 Quality of Service General Settings	147
10.4 Queue Setup	149
10.4.1 Adding a QoS Queue	150
10.5 QoS Classification Setup	151
10.5.1 Add/Edit QoS Class	152
10.6 QoS Shaper Setup	156
10.6.1 Add/Edit a QoS Shaper	157
10.7 QoS Policer Setup	157
10.7.1 Add/Edit a QoS Policer	158
10.8 Technical Reference	160
Network Address Translation (NAT)	165
11.1 NAT Overview	165
11.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter	165
11.1.2 What You Need To Know	165
11.2 Port Forwarding	166
11.2.1 Add/Edit Port Forwarding	168
11.3 Port Triggering	170
11.3.1 Add/Edit Port Triggering Rule	172
11.4 DMZ Settings	173
11.5 ALG Settings	174
11.6 Address Mapping	175
11.6.1 Add/Edit Address Mapping Rule	176
11.7 NAT Sessions	177
11.8 Technical Reference	178
11.8.1 NAT Definitions	178
11.8.2 What NAT Does	179
11.8.3 How NAT Works	179
11.8.4 NAT Application	180
Dynamic DNS Setup	182
12.1 DNS Overview	182
12.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter	182
12.1.2 What You Need To Know	182
12.2 DNS Entry	183
12.2.1 Add/Edit DNS Entry	183
12.3 Dynamic DNS	184
IGMP/MLD	186
13.1 IGMP/MLD Overview	186
13.1.1 What You Need To Know	186
13.2 IGMP/MLD Settings	186
VLAN Group	189
14.1 Overview	189
14.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter	189
14.2 The VLAN Group Screen	190
14.2.1 Add/Edit a VLAN Group	190
Interface Grouping	192
15.1 Interface Grouping Overview	192
15.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter	192
15.2 Interface Grouping Setup	192
15.2.1 Interface Group Configuration	194
15.2.2 Interface Grouping Criteria	196
Firewall	198
16.1 Firewall Overview	198
16.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter	198
16.1.2 What You Need to Know	199
16.2 Firewall Settings	199
16.3 Protocol Settings	201
16.3.1 Add New/Edit Protocol Entry	201
16.4 Access Control	202
16.4.1 Add/Edit an ACL Rule	203
16.5 DoS Settings	205
MAC Filter	207
17.1 MAC Filter Overview	207
17.2 MAC Filter Settings	207
Parental Control	209
18.1 Parental Control Overview	209
18.2 Parental Control Settings	209
18.2.1 Add/Edit a Parental Control Profile	210
Scheduler Rule	215
19.1 Scheduler Rule Overview	215
19.2 Scheduler Rule Settings	215
19.2.1 Add/Edit a Schedule Rule	215
Certificates	217
20.1 Certificates Overview	217
20.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter	217
20.2 What You Need to Know	217
20.3 Local Certificates	217
20.3.1 Create Certificate Request	218
20.3.2 View Certificate Request	219
20.4 Trusted CA	221
20.4.1 View Trusted CA Certificate	222
20.4.2 Import Trusted CA Certificate	223
VoIP	224
21.1 Overview	224
21.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter	224
21.1.2 What You Need to Know About VoIP	225
21.2 Before You Begin	225
21.3 The SIP Account Screen	226
21.3.1 The SIP Account Add/Edit Screen	226
21.4 The SIP Service Provider Screen	230
21.4.1 The SIP Service Provider Add/Edit Screen	231
21.5 The Phone Device Screen	235
21.5.1 The Phone Device Edit Screen	236
21.6 The Phone Region Screen	238
21.7 The Call Rule Screen	238
21.8 The Call History Screen	239
21.9 Technical Reference	240
21.9.1 Quality of Service (QoS)	248
21.9.2 Phone Services Overview	249
Log	254
22.1 Log Overview	254
22.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter	254
22.1.2 What You Need To Know	254
22.2 System Log	255
22.3 Security Log	256
Traffic Status	257
23.1 Traffic Status Overview	257
23.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter	257
23.2 WAN Status	257
23.3 LAN Status	258
23.4 NAT Status	259
VoIP Status	261
24.1 The VoIP Status Screen	261
ARP Table	264
25.1 ARP Table Overview	264
25.1.1 How ARP Works	264
25.2 ARP Table Settings	264
Routing Table	266
26.1 Routing Table Overview	266
26.2 Routing Table Settings	266
Multicast Status	269
27.1 Multicast Status Overview	269
27.2 IGMP Status	269
27.3 MLD Status	270
WLAN Station Status	271
28.1 WLAN Station Status Overview	271
xPON Status	273
29.1 Overview	273
29.2 xPON Status Screen	273
System	274
30.1 System Overview	274
30.2 System Settings	274
User Account	275
31.1 User Account Overview	275
31.2 User Account Settings	275
31.2.1 User Account Add/Edit	276
Remote Management	278
32.1 Remote Management Overview	278
32.2 MGMT Services	278
32.3 Trust Domain	279
32.3.1 Add Trust Domain	280
SNMP	281
33.1 SNMP Overview	281
33.2 SNMP Settings	282
Time Settings	284
34.1 Time Settings Overview	284
34.2 Time	284
Email Notification	287
35.1 Email Notification Overview	287
35.2 Email Notification Settings	287
35.2.1 Email Notification Edit	288
Log Setting	290
36.1 Logs Setting Overview	290
36.2 Log Settings	290
36.2.1 Example Email Log	292
Firmware Upgrade	294
37.1 Firmware Upgrade Overview	294
37.2 Firmware Upgrade Settings	294
Backup and Restore	296
38.1 Backup/Restore Overview	296
38.2 Backup/Restore Settings	296
38.3 Reboot	298
Diagnostic	299
39.1 Diagnostic Overview	299
39.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter	299
39.2 Diagnostic Screen	299
GPON	301
40.1 Overview	301
40.2 SLID	301
Troubleshooting and Appendices	302
Troubleshooting	303
41.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs	303
41.2 Zyxel Device Access and Login	304
41.3 Internet Access	305
41.4 Wireless Internet Access	306
41.5 UPnP	307
Customer Support	308
IPv6	314
Services	322
Legal Information	326