| Section |
Page |
| Revision and Copyright Information |
1 |
| Warranty |
3 |
| Assistance |
5 |
| Table of Contents |
7 |
| 1. Introduction |
29 |
| 1.1 HELLO |
29 |
| 1.2 Typography |
29 |
| 1.3 Capturing CRBasic Code |
30 |
| 1.4 Release Notes |
30 |
| 2. Cautionary Statements |
31 |
| 3. Initial Inspection |
33 |
| 4. System Quickstart |
35 |
| 4.1 Data-Acquisition Systems — Quickstart |
35 |
| 4.2 Sensors — Quickstart |
36 |
| 4.3 Datalogger — Quickstart |
37 |
| 4.3.1.1 Wiring Panel — Quickstart |
37 |
| 4.4 Power Supplies — Quickstart |
38 |
| 4.4.1 Internal Battery — Quickstart |
39 |
| 4.5 Data Retrieval and Telecommunications — Quickstart |
39 |
| 4.6 Datalogger Support Software — Quickstart |
40 |
| 4.7 Tutorial: Measuring a Thermocouple |
40 |
| 4.7.1 What You Will Need |
40 |
| 4.7.2 Hardware Setup |
41 |
| 4.7.2.1 External Power Supply |
41 |
| 4.7.3 PC200W Software Setup |
41 |
| 4.7.4 Write CRBasic Program with Short Cut |
43 |
| 4.7.4.1 Procedure: (Short Cut Steps 1 to 5) |
43 |
| 4.7.4.2 Procedure: (Short Cut Steps 6 to 7) |
44 |
| 4.7.4.3 Procedure: (Short Cut Step 8) |
45 |
| 4.7.4.4 Procedure: (Short Cut Steps 9 to 12) |
46 |
| 4.7.4.5 Procedure: (Short Cut Steps 13 to 14) |
47 |
| 4.7.5 Send Program and Collect Data |
48 |
| 4.7.5.1 Procedure: (PC200W Step 1) |
48 |
| 4.7.5.2 Procedure: (PC200W Steps 2 to 4) |
48 |
| 4.7.5.3 Procedure: (PC200W Step 5) |
49 |
| 4.7.5.4 Procedure: (PC200W Step 6) |
50 |
| 4.7.5.5 Procedure: (PC200W Steps 7 to 10) |
51 |
| 4.7.5.6 Procedure: (PC200W Steps 11 to 12) |
52 |
| 4.7.5.7 Procedure: (PC200W Steps 13 to 14) |
52 |
| 5. System Overview |
55 |
| 5.1 Measurements — Overview |
56 |
| 5.1.1 Time Keeping — Overview |
57 |
| 5.1.2 Analog Measurements — Overview |
57 |
| 5.1.2.1 Voltage Measurements — Overview |
57 |
| 5.1.2.1.1 Single-Ended Measurements — Overview |
59 |
| 5.1.2.1.2 Differential Measurements — Overview |
60 |
| 5.1.2.2 Current Measurements — Overview |
60 |
| 5.1.2.3 Resistance Measurements — Overview |
60 |
| 5.1.2.3.1 Voltage Excitation |
61 |
| 5.1.2.3.2 Current Excitation |
63 |
| 5.1.2.4 Strain Measurements — Overview |
64 |
| 5.1.3 Pulse Measurements — Overview |
64 |
| 5.1.3.1 Pulses Measured |
64 |
| 5.1.3.2 Pulse-Input Channels |
65 |
| 5.1.3.3 Pulse Sensor Wiring |
65 |
| 5.1.4 Period Averaging — Overview |
66 |
| 5.1.5 Vibrating-Wire Measurements — Overview |
67 |
| 5.1.5.1 Quickstart |
68 |
| 5.1.6 Reading Smart Sensors — Overview |
68 |
| 5.1.6.1 SDI-12 Sensor Support — Overview |
69 |
| 5.1.6.2 RS-232 — Overview |
69 |
| 5.1.6.3 RS-485 — Overview -- 6 |
70 |
| 5.1.7 Field Calibration — Overview |
70 |
| 5.1.8 Cabling Effects — Overview |
71 |
| 5.1.9 Synchronizing Measurements — Overview |
71 |
| 5.2 Datalogger — Overview |
71 |
| 5.2.1 Time Keeping — Overview |
72 |
| 5.2.2 Wiring Panel — Overview |
72 |
| 5.2.2.1 Switched Voltage Output — Overview |
75 |
| 5.2.2.2 Voltage and Current Excitation — Overview |
75 |
| 5.2.2.3 Grounding Terminals |
76 |
| 5.2.2.4 Power Terminals |
76 |
| 5.2.2.4.1 Power In |
76 |
| 5.2.2.4.2 Power Out Terminals |
76 |
| 5.2.2.5 Communication Ports |
77 |
| 5.2.2.5.1 CS I/O Port |
77 |
| 5.2.2.5.2 RS-232 Ports |
78 |
| 5.2.2.5.3 USB Port |
78 |
| 5.2.2.5.4 Micro SD Card Slot |
78 |
| 5.2.2.5.5 SDI-12 Ports |
78 |
| 5.2.2.5.6 SDM Port |
78 |
| 5.2.2.5.7 CPI Port |
78 |
| 5.2.2.5.8 Ethernet Port |
79 |
| 5.2.3 Keyboard Display — Overview |
79 |
| 5.2.3.1 Character Set |
79 |
| 5.2.3.2 Custom Menus — Overview |
80 |
| 5.2.4 Measurement and Control Peripherals — Overview |
81 |
| 5.2.5 Power Supplies — Overview |
81 |
| 5.2.6 CR6 Configuration — Overview |
82 |
| 5.2.7 CRBasic Programming — Overview |
82 |
| 5.2.8 Memory — Overview |
83 |
| 5.2.9 Data Retrieval and Telecommunications — Overview |
84 |
| 5.2.9.1 PakBus — Overview |
84 |
| 5.2.9.2 Telecommunications |
85 |
| 5.2.9.3 Mass-Storage Device |
85 |
| 5.2.9.4 Micro SD Card |
85 |
| 5.2.9.5 Data-File Formats in CR6 Memory |
86 |
| 5.2.9.6 Data Format on Computer |
86 |
| 5.2.10 Alternate Telecommunications — Overview |
86 |
| 5.2.10.1 Modbus |
86 |
| 5.2.10.2 DNP3 — Overview |
87 |
| 5.2.10.3 Web API — Overview |
87 |
| 5.2.11 Security — Overview |
87 |
| 5.2.12 Maintenance — Overview |
88 |
| 5.2.12.1 Protection from Water |
88 |
| 5.2.12.2 Protection from Voltage Transients |
88 |
| 5.2.12.3 Calibration |
88 |
| 5.2.12.4 Internal Battery — Details |
88 |
| 5.3 Datalogger Support Software — Overview |
89 |
| 6. CR6 Specifications |
91 |
| 6.1 Voltage Measurements — Specifications |
91 |
| 6.2 Resistance Measurements — Specifications |
93 |
| 6.3 Voltage and Current Excitation — Specifications |
93 |
| 6.4 Vibrating-Wire Measurements — Specifications |
94 |
| 6.5 Thermistor Measurements — Specifications |
95 |
| 6.6 Period Averaging — Specifications |
95 |
| 6.7 Pulse Measurements — Specifications |
96 |
| 6.8 Switched Voltage Output — Specifications |
97 |
| 6.9 Total System Current — Specifications |
98 |
| 6.10 Communications — Specifications |
98 |
| 6.11 System — Specifications |
99 |
| 6.12 Power Supplies — Specifications |
100 |
| 6.13 Compliance — Specifications |
100 |
| 6.14 Physical Attributes — Specifications |
101 |
| 7. Installation |
103 |
| 7.1 Moisture Protection |
103 |
| 7.2 Temperature Range |
103 |
| 7.3 Enclosures |
103 |
| 7.4 Power Supplies — Details |
104 |
| 7.4.1 CR6 Power Requirement |
105 |
| 7.4.2 Calculating Power Consumption |
105 |
| 7.4.3 Power Sources |
105 |
| 7.4.3.1 Uninterruptable Power Supply (UPS) |
106 |
| 7.4.4 Vehicle Power Connections |
107 |
| 7.5 Switched Voltage Output — Details |
107 |
| 7.5.1 Switched-Voltage Excitation |
109 |
| 7.5.2 Switched Current Excitation |
109 |
| 7.5.3 Continuous Unregulated Voltage (12V Terminal) |
109 |
| 7.5.4 Switched Unregulated Voltage (SW12 Terminal) |
109 |
| 7.6 Grounding |
110 |
| 7.6.1 ESD Protection |
110 |
| 7.6.1.1 Lightning Protection |
111 |
| 7.6.2 Single-Ended Measurement Reference |
113 |
| 7.6.3 Ground-Potential Differences |
114 |
| 7.6.3.1 Soil Temperature Thermocouple |
114 |
| 7.6.3.2 External Signal Conditioner |
114 |
| 7.6.4 Ground Looping in Ionic Measurements |
114 |
| 7.7 CR6 Configuration — Details |
115 |
| 7.7.1 Device Configuration Utility |
116 |
| 7.7.2 Sending the Operating System (OS) |
117 |
| 7.7.2.1 Sending OS with DevConfig |
118 |
| 7.7.2.2 Sending OS with Program Send |
119 |
| 7.7.2.3 Sending OS with External Memory |
119 |
| 7.7.3 Settings |
120 |
| 7.7.4 Durable Settings |
120 |
| 7.7.4.1 'Include' File |
120 |
| 7.7.4.2 Default.CR6 File |
124 |
| 7.7.5 Program Run Priorities |
124 |
| 7.7.6 Network Planner |
125 |
| 7.7.6.1 Overview |
125 |
| 7.7.6.2 Basics |
126 |
| 7.8 CRBasic Programming — Details |
126 |
| 7.8.1 Writing and Editing Programs |
127 |
| 7.8.1.1 Short Cut Programming Wizard |
127 |
| 7.8.1.2 CRBasic Editor |
127 |
| 7.8.1.2.1 Inserting Comments into Program |
128 |
| 7.8.1.2.2 Conserving Program Memory |
128 |
| 7.8.2 Sending Programs |
128 |
| 7.8.2.1 Preserving Data at Program Send |
129 |
| 7.8.3 Syntax |
130 |
| 7.8.3.1 Numerical Formats |
130 |
| 7.8.3.2 Program Structure |
131 |
| 7.8.3.3 Command Line |
133 |
| 7.8.3.3.1 Multiple Statements on One Line |
133 |
| 7.8.3.3.2 One Statement on Multiple Lines |
134 |
| 7.8.3.4 Single-Line Declarations |
134 |
| 7.8.3.4.1 Variables |
134 |
| 7.8.3.4.2 Constants |
143 |
| 7.8.3.4.3 Alias and Unit Declarations |
143 |
| 7.8.3.5 Declared Sequences |
144 |
| 7.8.3.5.1 Data Tables |
144 |
| 7.8.3.5.2 Subroutines |
152 |
| 7.8.3.5.3 Incidental Sequences |
152 |
| 7.8.3.6 Execution and Task Priority |
152 |
| 7.8.3.6.1 Pipeline Mode |
153 |
| 7.8.3.6.2 Sequential Mode |
154 |
| 7.8.3.7 Execution Timing |
155 |
| 7.8.3.7.1 Scan() / NextScan |
156 |
| 7.8.3.7.2 SlowSequence / EndSequence |
157 |
| 7.8.3.7.3 SubScan() / NextSubScan |
157 |
| 7.8.3.7.4 Scan Priorities in Sequential Mode |
157 |
| 7.8.3.8 Instructions |
159 |
| 7.8.3.8.1 Measurement and Data-Storage Processing |
159 |
| 7.8.3.8.2 Argument Types |
160 |
| 7.8.3.8.3 Names in Arguments |
160 |
| 7.8.3.9 Expressions in Arguments |
161 |
| 7.8.3.10 Expression Types |
161 |
| 7.8.3.10.1 Floating-Point Arithmetic |
162 |
| 7.8.3.10.2 Mathematical Operations |
162 |
| 7.8.3.10.3 Expressions with Numeric Data Types |
162 |
| 7.8.3.10.4 Logical Expressions |
164 |
| 7.8.3.10.5 String Expressions |
167 |
| 7.8.3.11 Program Access to Data Tables |
168 |
| 7.8.3.12 System Signatures |
170 |
| 7.9 Programming Resource Library |
170 |
| 7.9.1 Advanced Programming Techniques |
170 |
| 7.9.1.1 Capturing Events |
170 |
| 7.9.1.2 Conditional Output |
171 |
| 7.9.1.3 Groundwater Pump Test |
172 |
| 7.9.1.4 Miscellaneous Features |
175 |
| 7.9.1.5 PulseCountReset Instruction |
177 |
| 7.9.1.6 Scaling Array |
178 |
| 7.9.1.7 Signatures: Example Programs |
179 |
| 7.9.1.7.1 Text Signature |
179 |
| 7.9.1.7.2 Binary Runtime Signature |
179 |
| 7.9.1.7.3 Executable Code Signatures |
179 |
| 7.9.1.8 Use of Multiple Scans |
180 |
| 7.9.2 Compiling: Conditional Inclusion of Code Segments |
181 |
| 7.9.3 Data Displays: Custom Menus — Details |
183 |
| 7.9.4 Data Input: Loading Large Data Sets |
188 |
| 7.9.5 Data Input: Array-Assigned Expression |
189 |
| 7.9.6 Data Output: Calculating Running Average |
193 |
| 7.9.7 Data Output: Triggers and Omitting Samples |
195 |
| 7.9.8 Data Output: Two Intervals in One Data Table |
197 |
| 7.9.9 Data Output: Using Data Type Bool8 |
198 |
| 7.9.10 Data Output: Using Data Type NSEC |
202 |
| 7.9.10.1 NSEC Options |
203 |
| 7.9.11 Data Output: Writing High-Frequency Data to Memory Cards |
206 |
| 7.9.11.1 TableFile() with Option 64 |
206 |
| 7.9.11.2 TableFile() with Option 64 Replaces CardOut() |
207 |
| 7.9.11.3 TableFile() with Option 64 Programming |
207 |
| 7.9.11.4 TableFile() with Option 64 Q & A |
208 |
| 7.9.12 Field Calibration — Details |
210 |
| 7.9.12.1 Field Calibration CAL Files |
211 |
| 7.9.12.2 Field Calibration Programming |
211 |
| 7.9.12.3 Field-Calibration Wizard Overview |
211 |
| 7.9.12.4 Field Calibration Keyboard Procedures |
212 |
| 7.9.12.4.1 One-Point Calibrations (zero or offset) |
212 |
| 7.9.12.4.2 Two-Point Calibrations (gain and offset) |
213 |
| 7.9.12.4.3 Zero Basis Point Calibration |
213 |
| 7.9.12.5 FieldCal() Examples |
213 |
| 7.9.12.5.1 FieldCal() Zero or Tare (Opt 0) Example |
214 |
| 7.9.12.5.2 FieldCal() Offset (Opt 1) Example |
216 |
| 7.9.12.5.3 FieldCal() Slope and Offset (Opt 2) Example |
218 |
| 7.9.12.5.4 FieldCal() Slope (Opt 3) Example |
221 |
| 7.9.12.5.5 Zero Basis (Option 4) |
223 |
| 7.9.12.6 FieldCalStrain() Examples |
225 |
| 7.9.12.6.1 FieldCalStrain() Quarter-Bridge Shunt Example |
228 |
| 7.9.12.6.2 FieldCalStrain() Quarter-Bridge Zero |
228 |
| 7.9.13 Measurement: Excite, Delay, Measure |
229 |
| 7.9.14 Measurement: Faster Analog Rates |
230 |
| 7.9.14.1 Measurements from 1 to 100 Hz |
231 |
| 7.9.14.2 Measurement Rate: 101 to 600 Hz |
232 |
| 7.9.14.2.1 Measurements from 101 to 600 Hz 2 |
233 |
| 7.9.14.3 Measurement Rate: 601 to 2000 Hz |
234 |
| 7.9.15 Measurement: PRT |
235 |
| 7.9.15.1 PRT Calculation Standards |
235 |
| 7.9.15.2 Measuring PT100s (100 Ω PRTs) |
239 |
| 7.9.15.2.1 Self-Heating and Resolution |
239 |
| 7.9.15.2.2 PT100 in Four-Wire Half-Bridge |
239 |
| 7.9.15.2.3 PT100 in Three-Wire Half Bridge |
242 |
| 7.9.15.2.4 PT100 in Four-Wire Full-Bridge |
243 |
| 7.9.15.2.5 PT100 with Current Excitation |
245 |
| 7.9.16 Serial I/O: Capturing Serial Data |
248 |
| 7.9.16.1 Introduction |
248 |
| 7.9.16.2 I/O Ports |
249 |
| 7.9.16.3 Protocols |
250 |
| 7.9.16.4 Glossary of Serial I/O Terms |
250 |
| 7.9.16.5 CRBasic Programming |
252 |
| 7.9.16.5.1 Input Instruction Set Basics |
252 |
| 7.9.16.5.2 Input Programming Basics |
253 |
| 7.9.16.5.3 Output Programming Basics |
255 |
| 7.9.16.5.4 Translating Bytes |
255 |
| 7.9.16.5.5 Memory Considerations |
256 |
| 7.9.16.5.6 Demonstration Program |
257 |
| 7.9.16.6 Testing Applications |
258 |
| 7.9.16.6.1 Configure HyperTerminal |
258 |
| 7.9.16.6.2 Create Send Text File |
261 |
| 7.9.16.6.3 Create Text-Capture File |
261 |
| 7.9.16.6.4 Serial Input Test Program |
261 |
| 7.9.16.7 Q & A |
267 |
| 7.9.17 Serial I/O: SDI-12 Sensor Support — Details |
269 |
| 7.9.17.1 SDI-12 Transparent Mode |
269 |
| 7.9.17.1.1 SDI-12 Transparent Mode Commands |
270 |
| 7.9.17.2 SDI-12 Programmed Modes |
274 |
| 7.9.17.2.1 SDI-12 Recorder Mode |
274 |
| 7.9.17.2.2 SDI-12 Sensor Mode |
281 |
| 7.9.17.3 SDI-12 Power Considerations |
283 |
| 7.9.18 String Operations |
284 |
| 7.9.18.1 String Operators |
284 |
| 7.9.18.2 String Concatenation |
285 |
| 7.9.18.3 String NULL Character |
287 |
| 7.9.18.4 Inserting String Characters |
288 |
| 7.9.18.5 Extracting String Characters |
288 |
| 7.9.18.6 String Use of ASCII / ANSII Codes |
288 |
| 7.9.18.7 Formatting Strings |
288 |
| 7.9.18.8 Formatting String Hexadecimal Variables |
289 |
| 7.9.19 Subroutines |
289 |
| 7.9.20 Web Services |
291 |
| 7.9.20.1 PakBus Over TCP/IP and Callback |
292 |
| 7.9.20.2 Default HTTP Web Server |
292 |
| 7.9.20.3 Custom HTTP Web Server |
293 |
| 7.9.20.4 FTP Server |
296 |
| 7.9.20.5 FTP Client |
296 |
| 7.9.20.6 Telnet |
296 |
| 7.9.20.7 SNMP |
296 |
| 7.9.20.8 Ping (IP) |
297 |
| 7.9.20.9 Micro-Serial Server |
297 |
| 7.9.20.10 Modbus TCP/IP |
297 |
| 7.9.20.11 DHCP |
297 |
| 7.9.20.12 DNS |
297 |
| 7.9.20.13 SMTP |
297 |
| 7.9.20.14 HTTPS |
297 |
| 7.9.21 Wind Vector |
298 |
| 7.9.21.1 OutputOpt Parameters |
298 |
| 7.9.21.2 Wind Vector Processing |
299 |
| 7.9.21.2.1 Measured Raw Data |
299 |
| 7.9.21.2.2 Calculations |
300 |
| 8. Operation |
305 |
| 8.1 Measurements — Details |
305 |
| 8.1.1 Time Keeping — Details |
305 |
| 8.1.1.1 Time Stamps |
305 |
| 8.1.2 Analog Measurements — Details |
307 |
| 8.1.2.1 Voltage Measurements — Details |
307 |
| 8.1.2.1.1 Voltage Measurement Mechanics |
307 |
| 8.1.2.1.2 Voltage Measurement Limitations |
310 |
| 8.1.2.1.3 Voltage Measurement Quality |
312 |
| 8.1.2.2 Thermocouple Measurements |
328 |
| 8.1.2.3 Current Measurements — Details |
329 |
| 8.1.2.4 Resistance Measurements — Details |
329 |
| 8.1.2.4.1 Ac Excitation |
334 |
| 8.1.2.4.2 Resistance Measurements — Accuracy |
335 |
| 8.1.2.5 Strain Measurements — Details |
336 |
| 8.1.3 Pulse Measurements — Details |
337 |
| 8.1.3.1 Terminal Specific Application Notes |
340 |
| 8.1.3.2 Low-Level Ac Measurements |
340 |
| 8.1.3.3 High-Frequency Measurements |
341 |
| 8.1.3.3.1 Frequency Resolution |
341 |
| 8.1.3.3.2 Frequency Measurement Q & A |
342 |
| 8.1.3.4 Switch-Closure and Open-Collector Measurements |
343 |
| 8.1.3.5 Edge Timing |
343 |
| 8.1.3.6 Edge Counting |
344 |
| 8.1.3.7 Pulse Measurement Tips |
344 |
| 8.1.3.7.1 Pay Attention to Specifications |
345 |
| 8.1.3.7.2 Input Filters and Signal Attenuation |
345 |
| 8.1.4 Period Averaging — Details |
346 |
| 8.1.5 Vibrating-Wire Measurements — Details |
347 |
| 8.1.5.1 Vspect Measurements |
348 |
| 8.1.5.1.1 Quickstart |
349 |
| 8.1.5.1.2 Static Vspect Measurement Theory |
350 |
| 8.1.5.1.3 Vspect Connections |
357 |
| 8.1.5.1.4 Vspect Programming |
357 |
| 8.1.6 Reading Smart Sensors — Details |
365 |
| 8.1.6.1 SDI-12 Recording |
365 |
| 8.1.6.2 RS-232 and TTL |
366 |
| 8.1.7 Field Calibration — Overview |
366 |
| 8.1.8 Cabling Effects |
367 |
| 8.1.8.1 Analog-Sensor Cables |
367 |
| 8.1.8.2 Sensors Requiring Current Excitation |
367 |
| 8.1.8.3 Pulse Sensors |
367 |
| 8.1.8.4 RS-232 Sensors |
367 |
| 8.1.8.5 SDI-12 Sensors |
367 |
| 8.1.9 Synchronizing Measurements |
368 |
| 8.2 Measurement and Control Peripherals — Details |
369 |
| 8.2.1 Analog-Input Modules |
369 |
| 8.2.2 Pulse-Input Modules |
370 |
| 8.2.2.1 Low-Level Ac |
370 |
| 8.2.3 Serial I/O Modules — Details |
370 |
| 8.2.4 Terminal-Input Modules |
370 |
| 8.2.5 Vibrating-Wire Modules |
370 |
| 8.2.6 Analog-Output Modules |
370 |
| 8.2.7 Control-Output Modules |
371 |
| 8.2.7.1 Terminals Configured for Control |
371 |
| 8.2.7.2 Relays and Relay Drivers |
371 |
| 8.2.7.3 Component-Built Relays |
372 |
| 8.3 Memory |
373 |
| 8.3.1 Storage Media |
373 |
| 8.3.1.1 Data Storage — On-board |
376 |
| 8.3.1.1.1 Data Table SRAM |
376 |
| 8.3.1.1.2 CPU: Drive |
376 |
| 8.3.1.1.3 USR: Drive |
376 |
| 8.3.1.1.4 USB: Drive |
377 |
| 8.3.1.1.5 CRD: Drive |
378 |
| 8.3.1.1.6 Data-File Formats |
379 |
| 8.3.2 Memory Reset |
383 |
| 8.3.2.1 Full Memory Reset |
383 |
| 8.3.2.2 Program Send Reset |
383 |
| 8.3.2.3 Manual Data-Table Reset |
383 |
| 8.3.2.4 Formatting Drives |
383 |
| 8.3.3 File Management |
384 |
| 8.3.3.1 File Attributes |
385 |
| 8.3.3.2 Files Manager |
386 |
| 8.3.3.3 Data Preservation |
387 |
| 8.3.3.4 External Memory Power-up |
387 |
| 8.3.3.4.1 Creating and Editing Powerup.ini |
388 |
| 8.3.3.5 File Management Q & A |
391 |
| 8.3.4 File Names |
391 |
| 8.3.5 File System Errors |
391 |
| 8.3.6 Memory Q & A |
392 |
| 8.4 Data Retrieval and Telecommunications — Details |
393 |
| 8.4.1 Protocols |
393 |
| 8.4.2 Conserving Bandwidth |
393 |
| 8.4.3 Initiating Telecommunications (Callback) |
394 |
| 8.5 PakBus — Details |
395 |
| 8.5.1 PakBus Addresses |
395 |
| 8.5.2 Nodes: Leaf Nodes and Routers |
395 |
| 8.5.2.1 Router and Leaf-Node Configuration |
396 |
| 8.5.3 Linking PakBus Nodes: Neighbor Discovery |
397 |
| 8.5.3.1 Hello-Message |
398 |
| 8.5.3.2 Beacon |
398 |
| 8.5.3.3 Hello-Request |
398 |
| 8.5.3.4 Neighbor Lists |
398 |
| 8.5.3.5 Adjusting Links |
398 |
| 8.5.3.6 Maintaining Links |
398 |
| 8.5.4 PakBus Troubleshooting |
399 |
| 8.5.4.1 Link Integrity |
399 |
| 8.5.4.1.1 Automatic Packet-Size Adjustment |
399 |
| 8.5.4.2 Ping (PakBus) |
400 |
| 8.5.4.3 Traffic Flow |
400 |
| 8.5.5 LoggerNet Network-Map Configuration |
400 |
| 8.5.6 PakBus LAN Example |
402 |
| 8.5.6.1 LAN Wiring |
402 |
| 8.5.6.2 LAN Setup |
402 |
| 8.5.6.3 LoggerNet Setup |
405 |
| 8.5.7 Route Filters |
406 |
| 8.5.8 PakBusRoutes |
406 |
| 8.5.9 Neighbors |
407 |
| 8.5.10 PakBus Encryption |
408 |
| 8.6 Alternate Telecommunications — Details |
409 |
| 8.6.1 iBus |
409 |
| 8.6.2 DNP3 — Details |
409 |
| 8.6.2.1 DNP3 Introduction |
409 |
| 8.6.2.2 Programming for DNP3 |
410 |
| 8.6.2.2.1 Declarations (DNP3 Programming) |
410 |
| 8.6.2.2.2 CRBasic Instructions (DNP3) |
411 |
| 8.6.2.2.3 Programming for DNP3 Data Acquisition |
411 |
| 8.6.3 Modbus — Details |
413 |
| 8.6.3.1 Modbus Terminology |
414 |
| 8.6.3.1.1 Glossary of Modbus Terms |
414 |
| 8.6.3.2 Programming for Modbus |
415 |
| 8.6.3.2.1 Declarations (Modbus Programming) |
415 |
| 8.6.3.2.2 CRBasic Instructions (Modbus) |
415 |
| 8.6.3.2.3 Addressing (ModbusAddr) |
416 |
| 8.6.3.2.4 Supported Modbus Function Codes |
416 |
| 8.6.3.2.5 Reading Inverse-Format Modbus Registers |
416 |
| 8.6.3.3 Troubleshooting (Modbus) |
417 |
| 8.6.3.4 Modbus over IP |
417 |
| 8.6.3.5 Modbus Q and A |
417 |
| 8.6.3.6 Converting Modbus 16-Bit to 32-Bit Longs |
417 |
| 8.6.4 Web API — Details |
418 |
| 8.6.4.1 Authentication |
419 |
| 8.6.4.2 Command Syntax |
419 |
| 8.6.4.3 Time Syntax |
421 |
| 8.6.4.4 Data Management |
422 |
| 8.6.4.4.1 BrowseSymbols Command |
422 |
| 8.6.4.4.2 DataQuery Command |
425 |
| 8.6.4.5 Control |
431 |
| 8.6.4.5.1 SetValueEx Command |
431 |
| 8.6.4.6 Clock Functions |
433 |
| 8.6.4.6.1 ClockSet Command |
433 |
| 8.6.4.6.2 ClockCheck Command |
435 |
| 8.6.4.7 Files Management |
437 |
| 8.6.4.7.1 Sending a File to a Datalogger |
437 |
| 8.6.4.7.2 FileControl Command |
438 |
| 8.6.4.7.3 ListFiles Command |
440 |
| 8.6.4.7.4 NewestFile Command |
444 |
| 8.7 Datalogger Support Software — Details |
445 |
| 8.8 Keyboard Display — Details |
446 |
| 8.8.1 Data Display |
448 |
| 8.8.1.1 Real-Time Tables and Graphs |
449 |
| 8.8.1.2 Real-Time Custom |
449 |
| 8.8.1.3 Final-Memory Tables |
451 |
| 8.8.2 Run/Stop Program |
452 |
| 8.8.3 File Display |
453 |
| 8.8.3.1 File: Edit |
453 |
| 8.8.4 PCCard (Memory Card) Display |
455 |
| 8.8.5 Ports and Status |
455 |
| 8.8.6 Settings |
456 |
| 8.8.6.1 Set Time / Date |
456 |
| 8.8.6.2 PakBus Settings |
456 |
| 8.8.7 Configure Display |
457 |
| 8.9 Memory Cards and Record Numbers |
457 |
| 8.10 CPI Bus and CDM Devices |
458 |
| 8.11 Security — Details |
458 |
| 8.11.1 Vulnerabilities |
459 |
| 8.11.2 Pass-Code Lockout |
460 |
| 8.11.2.1 Pass-Code Lockout By-Pass |
461 |
| 8.11.3 Passwords |
461 |
| 8.11.3.1 .csipasswd |
462 |
| 8.11.3.2 PakBus Instructions |
462 |
| 8.11.3.3 TCP/IP Instructions |
462 |
| 8.11.3.4 Settings |
462 |
| 8.11.4 File Encryption |
462 |
| 8.11.5 Communication Encryption |
463 |
| 8.11.6 Hiding Files |
463 |
| 8.11.7 Signatures |
463 |
| 9. Maintenance — Details |
465 |
| 9.1 Moisture Protection |
465 |
| 9.2 Replacing the Internal Battery |
465 |
| 9.2.1 Replacing the Internal Battery |
466 |
| 9.3 Repair |
468 |
| 10. Troubleshooting |
471 |
| 10.1 Essential Tools |
471 |
| 10.2 Error Sources |
471 |
| 10.3 Status Table |
472 |
| 10.4 Operating Systems |
472 |
| 10.5 Programming |
472 |
| 10.5.1 Status Table as Debug Resource |
473 |
| 10.5.1.1 CompileResults |
473 |
| 10.5.1.2 SkippedScan |
474 |
| 10.5.1.3 SkippedSlowScan |
475 |
| 10.5.1.4 SkippedRecord |
475 |
| 10.5.1.5 ProgErrors |
475 |
| 10.5.1.6 MemoryFree |
475 |
| 10.5.1.7 VarOutOfBounds |
475 |
| 10.5.1.8 Watchdog Errors |
475 |
| 10.5.1.8.1 Status Table WatchdogErrors |
476 |
| 10.5.1.8.2 Watchdoginfo.txt File |
476 |
| 10.5.1.9 Calibration Errors |
477 |
| 10.5.2 Program Does Not Compile |
477 |
| 10.5.3 Program Compiles / Does Not Run Correctly |
477 |
| 10.5.4 NAN and ±INF |
477 |
| 10.5.4.1 Measurements and NAN |
478 |
| 10.5.4.1.1 Voltage Measurements |
478 |
| 10.5.4.1.2 SDI-12 Measurements |
478 |
| 10.5.4.2 Floating-Point Math, NAN, and ±INF |
478 |
| 10.5.4.3 Data Types, NAN, and ±INF |
478 |
| 10.5.4.4 Output Processing and NAN |
480 |
| 10.6 Communications |
481 |
| 10.6.1 RS-232 |
481 |
| 10.6.2 Communicating with Multiple PCs |
482 |
| 10.6.3 Comms Memory Errors |
482 |
| 10.6.3.1 CommsMemFree(1) |
482 |
| 10.6.3.2 CommsMemFree(2) |
483 |
| 10.6.3.3 CommsMemFree(3) |
484 |
| 10.7 Terminal Mode |
484 |
| 10.7.1 Serial Talk Through and Comms Watch |
487 |
| 10.8 Logs |
487 |
| 10.9 Data Recovery |
488 |
| 11. Glossary |
489 |
| 11.1 Terms |
489 |
| 11.2 Concepts |
513 |
| 11.2.1 Accuracy, Precision, and Resolution |
513 |
| 12. Attributions |
514 |
| Appendix A. CRBasic Programming Instructions |
515 |
| A.1.1 Hardware Declarations |
515 |
| A.2 Program Declarations |
515 |
| A.2.1 Variable Declarations & Modifiers |
516 |
| A.2.2 Constant Declarations |
518 |
| A.3 Data-Table Declarations |
518 |
| A.3.1 Data-Table Modifiers |
518 |
| A.3.2 Data Destinations |
519 |
| A.3.3 Processing for Output to Final-Data Memory |
520 |
| A.3.3.1 Single-Source |
520 |
| A.3.3.2 Multiple-Source |
522 |
| A.4 Single Execution at Compile |
522 |
| A.5 Program Control Instructions |
523 |
| A.5.1 Common Program Controls |
523 |
| A.5.2 Advanced Program Controls |
526 |
| A.6 Measurement Instructions |
528 |
| A.6.1 Diagnostics |
528 |
| A.6.2 Voltage |
528 |
| A.6.3 Thermocouples |
529 |
| A.6.4 Resistive-Bridge Measurements |
529 |
| A.6.5 Excitation |
530 |
| A.6.6 Pulse and Frequency |
531 |
| A.6.7 Digital I/O |
531 |
| A.6.7.1 Control |
532 |
| A.6.7.2 Measurement |
532 |
| A.6.8 SDI-12 |
533 |
| A.6.9 Specific Sensors |
533 |
| A.6.9.1 Wireless Sensor Network |
535 |
| A.6.10 Peripheral Device Support |
536 |
| A.7 Processing and Math Instructions |
539 |
| A.7.1 Mathematical Operators |
539 |
| A.7.2 Arithmetic Operators |
540 |
| A.7.3 Bitwise Operators |
540 |
| A.7.4 Compound-Assignment Operators |
542 |
| A.7.5 Logical Operators |
542 |
| A.7.6 Trigonometric Functions |
543 |
| A.7.6.1 Derived Functions |
543 |
| A.7.6.2 Intrinsic Functions |
544 |
| A.7.7 Arithmetic Functions |
545 |
| A.7.8 Integrated Processing |
547 |
| A.7.9 Spatial Processing |
548 |
| A.7.10 Other Functions |
549 |
| A.7.10.1 Histograms |
550 |
| A.8 String Functions |
551 |
| A.8.1 String Operations |
551 |
| A.8.2 String Commands |
551 |
| A.9 Time Keeping — Instructions |
554 |
| A.10 Voice-Modem Instructions |
556 |
| A.11 Custom Keyboard and Display Menus |
558 |
| A.12 Serial Input / Output |
559 |
| A.13 Peer-to-Peer PakBus® Communications |
561 |
| A.14 Variable Management |
565 |
| A.15 File Management |
566 |
| A.16 Data-Table Access and Management |
568 |
| A.17 TCP/IP |
570 |
| A.18 Modem Control |
573 |
| A.19 SCADA |
574 |
| A.20 Calibration Functions |
575 |
| A.21 Satellite Systems |
576 |
| A.21.1 Argos |
576 |
| A.21.2 GOES |
577 |
| A.21.3 OMNISAT |
577 |
| A.21.4 INMARSAT-C |
578 |
| A.22 User-Defined Functions |
578 |
| Appendix B. Status, Settings, and Data Table Information (Registers) |
581 |
| Appendix C. Serial Port Pinouts |
583 |
| C.1 CS I/O Communication Port |
583 |
| C.2 RS-232 Communication Port |
583 |
| C.2.1 Pin-Out |
583 |
| C.2.2 Power States |
584 |
| Appendix D. ASCII / ANSI Table |
587 |
| Appendix E. FP2 Data Format |
591 |
| Appendix F. Endianness |
593 |
| Appendix G. Supporting Products Lists |
595 |
| G.1 Dataloggers — List |
595 |
| G.2 Measurement and Control Peripherals — Lists |
595 |
| G.3 Sensor-Input Modules Lists |
596 |
| G.3.1 Analog-Input Modules List |
596 |
| G.3.2 Pulse-Input Modules List |
596 |
| G.3.3 Serial I/O Modules List |
596 |
| G.3.4 Vibrating-Wire Input Modules List |
596 |
| G.3.5 Passive Signal Conditioners Lists |
597 |
| G.3.5.1 Resistive-Bridge TIM Modules List |
597 |
| G.3.5.2 Voltage-Divider Modules List |
597 |
| G.3.5.3 Current-Shunt Modules List |
597 |
| G.3.5.4 Transient-Voltage Suppressors List |
598 |
| G.3.6 Terminal-Strip Covers List |
598 |
| G.4 Control-Output Modules List |
598 |
| G.4.1 Digital-I/O Modules List |
598 |
| G.4.2 Continuous-Analog-Output (CAO) Modules List |
598 |
| G.4.3 Relay-Driver Modules List |
599 |
| G.4.4 Current-Excitation Modules List |
599 |
| G.5 Sensors — Lists |
599 |
| G.5.1 Wired-Sensor Types List |
600 |
| G.5.2 Wireless-Network Sensors List |
600 |
| G.6 Data Retrieval and Telecommunications Peripherals — Lists |
601 |
| G.6.1 Keyboard Display — List |
601 |
| G.6.2 Hardwire, Single-Connection Comms Devices List |
602 |
| G.6.3 Hardwire, Networking Devices List |
602 |
| G.6.4 Network Links List |
602 |
| G.6.5 Telephone Modems List |
603 |
| G.6.6 Private-Network Radios List |
603 |
| G.6.7 Satellite Transceivers List |
603 |
| G.7 Data-Storage Devices — List |
603 |
| G.8 Datalogger Support Software — Lists |
604 |
| G.8.1 Starter Software List |
604 |
| G.8.2 Datalogger Support Software List |
604 |
| G.8.2.1 LoggerNet Suite List |
605 |
| G.8.3 Software Tools List |
606 |
| G.8.4 Software Development Kits List |
606 |
| G.9 Power Supplies — Lists |
607 |
| G.9.1 Battery / Regulator Combinations List |
607 |
| G.9.2 Batteries List |
608 |
| G.9.3 Regulators List |
608 |
| G.9.4 Primary Power Sources List |
608 |
| G.9.5 24 Vdc Power Supply Kits List |
609 |
| G.10 Enclosures List |
609 |
| G.11 Tripods, Towers, and Mounts Lists |
609 |
1
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
