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Image Formation Troubleshooting

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7 Troubleshooting Note Image Formation Troubleshooting Check the Toner Cartridge Image formation defects are many times the result of toner cartridge problems. If there is any doubt, always replace the toner cartridge before troubleshooting image defects. Use the following check list to ensure that the toner cartridge is still operable. • Ensure that the toner cartridge is seated properly in the cavity. • Inspect the toner cartridge for remaining toner. • Check the expiration date of the toner cartridge (stamped on the cartridge box). • Check the toner cartridge to see if it has been disassembled or refilled. The toner cartridge's full weight is 26.1 oz (730 grams), and its empty weight is 22.7 oz. (640 grams). • Inspect the cartridge for leaking toner through worn seals. (If the drum has been manually rotated it may have caused internal damage and toner spills may result). • Check the surface of the photosensitive drum in the cartridge to see if it has been damaged or scratched. Touching the drum will contaminate the photosensitive surface and may cause spotting and defects during printing. • Blurred areas on the page may indicate that the drum has been exposed to light for too long. This causes permanent damage to the photosensitive drum. Replace the cartridge. Troubleshooting 7-13

Section	Page
Service Manual for the HP LaserJet 5L and HP LaserJet 6L Printers	2
Conventions	4
Chapter Descriptions	5
List of Figures	6
List of Tables	8
1 Product Information	10
Contents	10
Printer Features 1-3	12
Paper Capacities and Sizes 1-3	12
Identification 1-4	13
Model and Serial 1-4	13
Specifications 1-6	15
Product Overview 1-7	16
Front/Side Views of the Printer 1-7	16
Front Door Assemblies 1-8	17
Back View of the Printer 1-9	18
Service Approach 1-10	19
Parts Exchange Program 1-10	19
Ordering Parts 1-10	19
Ordering Consumables 1-10	19
Ordering Related Documentation 1-10	19
Technical Assistance 1-12	21
Worldwide Support 1-13	22
North American Response Center 1-13	22
Warranty 1-14	23
Warranty Exclusions 1-14	23
Warranty Limitations 1-15	24
Voltage Conversions 1-15	24
2 Site Requirements	26
Contents	26
Site Requirements 2-3	28
Operating Environment 2-3	28
Printer Space Requirements 2-4	29
The HP C3906A/F Toner Cartridge 2-5	30
Storage Conditions 2-5	30
Storing Opened Toner Cartridges 2-5	30
Toner Cartridge Handling Suggestions 2-6	31
3 Operating Overview	32
Contents	32
Using the Control Panel 3-3	34
Control Panel Layout 3-3	34
LED Lights 3-4	35
The Front Panel Button 3-6	37
Printing a Self-Test Page 3-7	38
Continuous Self Test 3-9	40
Printing an Engine Test 3-10	41
Resetting the Printer 3-11	42
To Reset the Printer 3-11	42
4 Printer Maintenance	44
Contents	44
Life Expectancy of Consumables 4-3	46
Toner Cartridge Life 4-4	47
Saving Toner with EconoMode 4-4	47
Refilled Toner Cartridges 4-5	48
Recycling Toner Cartridges 4-5	48
Cleaning the Printer 4-6	49
Cleaning Printer Components 4-7	50
Cleaning Spilled Toner 4-8	51
5 Functional Overview	52
Contents	52
Basic Printer Functions 5-3	54
DC Controller/Power System 5-4	55
Print Engine Control System 5-5	56
Power System (on DC Controller PCA) 5-6	57
Formatter System 5-8	59
CPU 5-8	59
Read Only Memory (ROM) 5-8	59
Random Access Memory (RAM) 5-8	59
Parallel Interface 5-8	59
Control Panel 5-9	60
Resolution Enhancement (REt) 5-9	60
EconoMode 5-10	61
Memory Enhancement technology (MEt) 5-10	61
Enhanced I/O 5-11	62
Page Protect 5-11	62
PJL Overview 5-11	62
Image Formation System 5-12	63
Toner Cartridge 5-13	64
Step 1: Drum Cleaning 5-13	64
Step 2: Drum Conditioning 5-13	64
Step 3: Image Writing 5-13	64
Step 4: Image Developing 5-14	65
Step 5: Image Transferring 5-14	65
Step 6: Image Fusing 5-14	65
Paper Feed System 5-15	66
Paper Jam Detection 5-18	69
Basic Sequence of Operation 5-19	70
6 Removal and Replacement	74
Contents	74
Removal and Replacement Strategy 6-3	76
Required Tools 6-4	77
Installing Memory Cards (DRAM) 6-5	78
Covers and Doors 6-6	79
Back Cover 6-6	79
EP Door Assembly 6-8	81
Memory Door 6-9	82
Main Cover and Paper Input Assembly 6-10	83
Internal Assemblies 6-11	84
Control Panel 6-11	84
Exit Roller Assembly 6-12	85
Delivery Assembly 6-13	86
Fuser Pressure Plate 6-15	88
Heating Element 6-17	90
Pressure Roller 6-20	93
Face-Up/Face-Down Lever 6-21	94
Fuser Exit Roller Assembly 6-22	95
Paper Exit Sensor Flag 6-23	96
Top Assemblies 6-24	97
Laser/Scanner Assembly 6-24	97
Solenoid 6-25	98
Pickup Roller Assembly 6-27	100
Paper Feed Frame 6-30	103
Transfer Roller Guide & Transfer Roller 6-34	107
Kick Plate 6-35	108
Separation Pad 6-37	110
Subpads 6-38	111
Feed Assembly 6-39	112
Bottom Assemblies 6-42	115
Memory Door Guide 6-42	115
Motor 6-43	116
DC Controller 6-44	117
Formatter Board 6-47	120
7 Troubleshooting	122
Contents	122
General Troubleshooting Flowchart 7-3	124
Paper Path and Components 7-5	126
DC Controller Diagram 7-6	127
Printer Error Troubleshooting 7-7	128
Priority of Errors 7-7	128
Printer Status Messages 7-8	129
Service and Error Messages 7-10	131
Image Formation Troubleshooting 7-13	134
Check the Toner Cartridge 7-13	134
Image Defect Examples 7-14	135
Troubleshooting Checks 7-21	142
Engine Test 7-21	142
Half-Self Test Functional Check 7-22	143
Drum Rotation Functional Check 7-23	144
High-Voltage Power Supply Check 7-24	145
Paper Curl 7-26	147
Troubleshooting Tools 7-27	148
Paper Path Check 7-27	148
Repetitive Image Defect Ruler 7-28	149
Main Wiring Diagram 7-29	150
8 Parts and Diagrams	154
Contents	154
How to Use the Part Lists and Diagrams 8-3	156
Ordering Parts 8-3	156
Ordering Consumables 8-4	157
Accessories and Supplies 8-5	158
Common Hardware 8-6	159
A Parts Index	180
Parts Index	181
B Regulatory Information	192
Laser Safety (U.S.A.)	192
Laser Statement (Finland)	193
Toner Safety	194
Ozone Emission	194
FCC Statement (Class B)	195
VCCI Statement (Japan)	195
C Service Notes	196
Fuser Accordian Jams	196
Fuser Jam Clearing Countermeasure	198
Index	200
A	200
B	200
blank page	200
bottom assemblies	200
C	200
cables	200
cleaning	200
consumables	200
D	200
DC power distribution	200
distribution system	200
documentation	200
DRAM	200
drum	200
drum cleaning process	200
drum conditioning	200
E	200
emissions	200
environment	200
F	200
features	200
fonts	200
formatter system	200
H	200
half self test check	200
I	200
image formation system	200
installation	200
installing	200
interfaces	200
J	200
L	200
M	200
memory	200
memory cards (DRAM)	200
microswitch	200
motor	200
N	200
O	200
ordering	200
overcurrent	200
overvoltage	200
P	200
page protect	200
paper feed system	200
paper jam	200
paper jam detection	200
paper path	200
parallel interface	200
parts	200
PJL, Printer Display Language	200
power	200
print quality	200
printer	200
printer comparison	200
printer messages	200
printing	200
R	200
random access memory	200
read only memory	200
removal and replacement	200
requirements	200
S	200
safety	200
self test	200
serial number	200
service or error messages	200
solving	200
specifications	200
status messages	200
See also accessories and supplies	200
T	200
toner cartridge	200
tools	200
top assemblies	200
typefaces	200
V	200
W	200
warranty	200

Match case Limit results 1 per page

Image Formation Troubleshooting

Check the Toner Cartridge

Image formation defects are many times the result of toner cartridge problems. If

there is any doubt, always replace the toner cartridge before troubleshooting image

defects.

Use the following check list to ensure that the toner cartridge is still operable.

•

Ensure that the toner cartridge is seated properly in the cavity.

•

Inspect the toner cartridge for remaining toner.

•

Check the expiration date of the toner cartridge (stamped on the cartridge box).

•

Check the toner cartridge to see if it has been disassembled or refilled.

Note

The toner cartridge’s full weight is 26.1 oz (730 grams), and its empty weight is

22.7 oz. (640 grams).

•

Inspect the cartridge for leaking toner through worn seals. (If the drum has been

manually rotated it may have caused internal damage and toner spills may result).

•

Check the surface of the photosensitive drum in the cartridge to see if it has been

damaged or scratched. Touching the drum will contaminate the photosensitive

surface and may cause spotting and defects during printing.

•

Blurred areas on the page may indicate that the drum has been exposed to light for

too long. This causes permanent damage to the photosensitive drum. Replace the

cartridge.

Troubleshooting

7-13