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Terrain Alerts

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Foreword System Sec 1 PFD Sec 2 MFD Sec 3 Features Avoidance Hazard Sec 4 Additional Sec 5 4.1.2 Terrain Alerts TERRAIN uses information provided from the GPS receiver to provide a horizontal position and altitude. GPS altitude is derived from satellite measurements. GPS altitude is converted to a mean sea level (MSL)-based altitude (GPS-MSL altitude) and is used to determine TERRAIN alerts. GPS-MSL altitude accuracy is affected by factors such as satellite geometry, but it is not subject to variations in pressure and temperature that normally affect pressure altitude devices. GPS-MSL altitude does not require local altimeter settings to determine MSL altitude. Therefore, GPS altitude provides a highly accurate and reliable MSL altitude source to calculate terrain and obstacle alerts. TERRAIN utilizes terrain and obstacle databases that are referenced to mean sea level (MSL). Using the GPS position and GPS-MSL altitude, TERRAIN displays a 2-D picture of the surrounding terrain and obstacles relative to the position and altitude of the aircraft. Furthermore, the GPS position and GPS-MSL altitude are used to calculate and "predict" the aircraft's flight path in relation to the surrounding terrain and obstacles. In this manner, TERRAIN can provide advanced alerts of predicted dangerous terrain conditions. Detailed alert modes are described in Section 6. A TAWS warning received from the GNS 500W Series TAWS units will be displayed above the Altitude Tape. A new warning will flash for approximately five seconds. TAWS Annunciation Description TERRAIN has been inhibited by flight crew TAWS not available Excessive Descent Rate Caution Excessive Descent Rate Warning Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance Caution for Terrain Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance Warning for Terrain Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance Caution for Obstacle Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance Warning for Obstacle & Alerts Annun. Sec 6 Symbols Sec 7 Appendix A Glossary Sec 8 Index Appendix B 4-6 Garmin G600 Pilot's Guide 190-00601-02 Rev. B

Section	Page
1 System Overview	15
1.1 System Description	15
1.1.1 Line Replaceable Units (LRU)	16
1.1.2 GDU 620	17
1.1.3 GDC 74A	17
1.1.4 GRS 77	18
1.1.5 GMU 44	18
1.1.6 GTX 330/330D (Optional)	19
1.1.7 GTP 59	19
1.1.8 GDL 69/69A (Optional)	20
1.1.9 Garmin Navigator Interface	20
1.1.10 Attitude Heading Reference System (AHRS)	21
1.1.11 Secure Data Cards	22
1.1.12 Pilot Controls	22
1.1.12.1 PFD Knob	22
1.1.12.2 PFD Bezel Keys	23
1.1.12.3 PFD Soft Keys	24
1.1.12.4 MFD Knobs	25
1.1.12.5 MFD Bezel Keys	26
1.1.12.6 MFD Soft Keys	26
1.2 System Power Up	27
1.3 System Operation	28
1.3.1 Using the Page Menus	28
1.3.1.1 Navigating a Menu	29
1.3.2 Using the Soft Key Controls	29
1.3.3 System Settings	30
1.3.4 Display Backlighting	33
1.3.5 Dual GDU 620 Installations	33
1.3.5.1 Crossfill Information	33
1.3.5.2 Crossfill Selection	34
2 Primary Flight Display (PFD)	37
2.1 PFD Soft Key Map	38
2.2 Airspeed Indicator	38
2.2.1 Markings	39
2.2.2 Reference Speeds	41
2.3 Attitude Indicator	41
2.3.1 Extreme Attitude	43
2.4 Altimeter	44
2.4.1 Setting the Altitude Bug/Altitude Alerting	45
2.4.2 Changing Barometric Setting	46
2.5 Vertical Speed (V/S) Indicator	46
Setting the Vertical Speed Indicator Bug	47
2.6 Horizontal Situational Indicator	48
2.6.1 Setting the Heading Bug	49
2.6.2 Turn Rate Indicator	50
2.7 Course Deviation Indicator	50
2.7.1 Changing CDI Sources	51
2.7.2 Changing CDI Course	52
2.7.3 Vertical Deviation Indicator (VDI)	52
2.7.4 Auto-Slewing	53
2.8 Supplemental Flight Data	55
2.8.1 Bearing Pointers	55
2.8.2 Temperature Display	57
3 Multi-Function Display (MFD)	59
3.1 Functional Display Map	60
3.2 MFD Soft Key Map	61
3.3 Navigation Map Pages	62
3.3.1 Default Navigation Page	63
3.3.2 Editing Information	63
3.3.3 Selecting Page Options	63
3.3.4 Changing the Navigation Map Range	63
3.3.5 Decluttering Map Pages	64
3.3.7 Selecting Items on the Map	67
3.3.8 Measuring Distances	68
3.3.2 Customizing Navigation Map Pages	69
3.3.3 Map Setup	69
3.3.3.1 Map Feature Options	71
3.3.3.2 Weather Feature Options (Optional)	86
3.3.3.3 Traffic Feature Options (Optional)	90
3.3.3.4 Aviation Feature Options	91
3.4 Aux Mode Pages	104
3.4.1 System Settings	104
3.4.1.1 Display Brightness	105
3.4.1.2 Airspeed Reference Marks	106
3.4.1.3 Synchronization (Dual Installations Only)	107
3.4.1.4 Date and Time	108
3.4.1.5 MFD Display Units	110
3.4.1.6 System Display Units	110
3.4.2 XM Information (Optional)	112
3.4.3 XM Entertainment Radio (Optional)	113
3.4.4 System Status	114
3.5 Flight Plan Pages	115
3.5.1 Active Flight Plan Page	115
3.5.1.1 Active Flight Plan Detail	116
3.5.1.2 Active Flight Plan Options	116
3.5.2 Waypoint Information Page	118
3.5.2.1 Selecting a Waypoint	118
3.5.2.2 Waypoint Weather Detail (Optional)	119
3.5.2.3 Waypoint Information Detail	120
3.5.2.2 Waypoint Weather Information (Optional)	122
3.5.3 Charts Page (Optional)	123
3.5.3.1 Viewing Charts	124
3.5.3.2 Selecting a New Chart by Airport	125
3.5.3.3 Selecting a New Chart by FPL, NRST, or RECENT	126
3.5.3.4 Change Day/Night View	126
4 Hazard Avoidance	127
4.1 Terrain	127
4.1.1 Displaying Terrain	128
4.1.1.1 Terrain Page 120° Arc or 360° Rings	129
4.1.1.2 Terrain Page Aviation Data	130
4.1.2 Terrain Alerts	132
4.1.3 Limitations	133
4.1.4 System Status	133
4.2 TAS Traffic (Optional)	134
4.2.1 Displaying and Operating Traffic (TAS Systems)	134
4.2.1.1 Switching from Standby Mode to Operating Mode	134
4.2.1.2 Range Ring	135
4.2.2 Altitude Display	136
4.2.2.1 Changing the altitude display mode:	136
4.2.3 TAS Symbology	137
4.2.4 Traffic System Status	138
4.2.5 Traffic Pop-Up	140
4.3 TIS Traffic (Optional)	141
4.3.1 Traffic Map Page	141
4.3.1.1 Displaying traffic on the Traffic Map Page	142
4.3.2 TIS Symbology	143
4.3.3 TIS Limitations	144
4.3.4 TIS Alerts	146
4.3.5 TIS System Status	147
4.3.5.1 Switching Between TIS Operating Modes	148
4.4 XM Weather (Optional)	150
4.4.1 Using XM Satellite Weather Products	150
4.4.2 Customizing the XM Weather Map	150
4.4.3 XM Weather Symbols and Product Age	153
4.4.4 Weather Legends	155
4.4.5 NEXRAD	156
4.4.5.1 Reflectivity	157
4.4.5.2 NEXRAD Limitations	158
4.4.5.2 NEXRAD Data Viewing Range	159
4.4.6 Echo Tops	160
4.4.7 Cloud Tops	162
4.4.8 XM Lightning	164
4.4.9 Cell Movement	165
4.4.10 SIGMETs and AIRMETs	167
4.4.11 METARs	169
4.4.12 Surface Analysis and City Forecast	171
4.4.13 Freezing Level	174
4.4.14 Winds Aloft	176
4.4.15 County Warnings	179
5 Additional Features (Optional)	181
5.1 Viewing Charts	182
5.1.1 Chart Panning	183
5.1.2 Choosing a Chart for the Current Airport	184
5.1.3 Selecting a Chart by Identifier	185
5.1.4 Selecting a New Chart by FPL, NRST, or RECENT	186
5.1.5 Viewing Chart NOTAMs	187
5.1.6 Day/Night View	187
5.2 ChartView	188
5.2.1 Cycle Number and Revision	188
5.3 FliteCharts	191
5.3.1 Cycle Number and Revision	191
5.4 Safe Taxi	193
5.4.1 Using SafeTaxi	194
5.4.2 SafeTaxi Cycle Number and Revision	194
5.5 XM Radio Entertainment	196
5.5.1 Activating XM Satellite Radio Services	196
5.5.2 XM Information	198
5.5.3 XM Entertainment Radio	199
5.5.3.1 Channel Categories	200
5.5.3.2 Selecting an XM Radio Channel	201
5.5.3.3 XM Radio Volume	202
5.5.3.4 XM Radio Channel Presets	203
5.5.4 GDL 69/69A Data Link Receiver Troubleshooting	204
5.6 Autopilot Operation	205
5.6.1 Heading	205
5.6.2 Altitude Capture (Optional Interface)	205
5.6.3 Autopilot Navigation	206
5.6.3.1 Autopilot Operation with GPSS Enabled Autopilots	206
5.6.3.2 Autopilot Operation with the GDU 620 Emulating GPSS	207
6 Annunciations and Alerts	209
6.1 Alerts	209
6.2 System Status	216
7 Symbols	217
7.1 Map Page Symbols	217
7.2 SafeTaxi Symbols	218
7.3 Traffic Symbols	218
7.4 Terrain Obstacle Symbols	219
7.5 Basemap Symbols	220
7.6 Map Toolbar Symbols	220
7.7 XM Weather Toolbar Symbols	221
7.8 Miscellaneous Symbols	222
8 Glossary	223
Appendix A	231
SD Card Use and Databases	231
Jeppesen Databases	231
Updating the Jeppesen navigation database	231
Garmin Databases	232
Updating Garmin databases	233

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4-6

Garmin G600 Pilot’s Guide

190-00601-02

Rev. B

Foreword

Sec 1

System

Sec 2

PFD

Sec 3

MFD

Sec 4

Hazard

Avoidance

Sec 5

Additional

Features

Sec 6

Annun.

& Alerts

Sec 7

Symbols

Sec 8

Glossary

Appendix A

Appendix B

Index

4.1.2

Terrain Alerts

TERRAIN uses information provided from the GPS receiver to provide

a horizontal position and altitude. GPS altitude is derived from satellite

measurements. GPS altitude is converted to a mean sea level (MSL)-based

altitude (GPS-MSL altitude) and is used to determine TERRAIN alerts. GPS-MSL

altitude accuracy is affected by factors such as satellite geometry, but it is not

subject to variations in pressure and temperature that normally affect pressure

altitude devices. GPS-MSL altitude does not require local altimeter settings to

determine MSL altitude. Therefore, GPS altitude provides a highly accurate and

reliable MSL altitude source to calculate terrain and obstacle alerts.

TERRAIN utilizes terrain and obstacle databases that are referenced to mean

sea level (MSL). Using the GPS position and GPS-MSL altitude, TERRAIN

displays a 2-D picture of the surrounding terrain and obstacles relative to the

position and altitude of the aircraft. Furthermore, the GPS position and GPS-MSL

altitude are used to calculate and “predict” the aircraft’s ﬂight path in relation

to the surrounding terrain and obstacles. In this manner, TERRAIN can provide

advanced alerts of predicted dangerous terrain conditions. Detailed alert modes

are described in Section 6.

A TAWS warning received from the GNS 500W Series TAWS units will be

displayed above the Altitude Tape. A new warning will ﬂash for approximately

ﬁve seconds.

TAWS Annunciation

Description

TERRAIN has been inhibited by ﬂight crew

TAWS not available

Excessive Descent Rate Caution

Excessive Descent Rate Warning

Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance

Caution for Terrain

Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance

Warning for Terrain

Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance

Caution for Obstacle

Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance

Warning for Obstacle