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Yamaha PSR-A1000 Owner's Manual - Page 141

Example Keyboard Data, Channel Messages, MIDI channels

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I Example Keyboard Data Voice number (with what voice) 01 (grand piano) Note number (with which key) 60 (C3) Note on (when was it pressed) and note off (when was it released) Timing expressed numerically (quarter note) Velocity (about how strong) 120 (strong) Panel operations on the PSR-A1000, such as playing the keyboard and selecting voices, are processed and stored as MIDI data. The auto accompaniment styles and songs also consist of MIDI data. MIDI is an acronym that stands for Musical Instrument Digital Interface, which allows electronic musical instruments to communicate with each other, by sending and receiving compatible Note, Control Change, Program Change and various other types of MIDI data, or messages. The PSR-A1000 can control a MIDI device by transmitting note related data and various types of controller data.The PSR-A1000 can be controlled by incoming MIDI messages which automatically determine the tone generator mode, select MIDI channels, voices and effects, change parameter values and of course play the voices specified for the various parts. MIDI data has the following advantages over audio data: • The amount of data is much less, letting you easily store MIDI songs to floppy disk. • The data can be effectively and easily edited, even to the point of changing voices and transforming the data. MIDI messages can be divided into two groups: Channel messages and System messages. I Channel Messages The PSR-A1000 is an electronic instrument that can handle 16 channels (or 32 channels, when using the TO HOST terminal). This is usually expressed as "it can play 16 instruments at the same time." Channel messages transmit information such as Note ON/OFF, Program Change, for each of the 16 channels. Message Name Note ON/OFF Program Change Control Change PSR-A1000 Operation/Panel Setting Messages which are generated when the keyboard is played. Each message includes a specific note number which corresponds to the key which is pressed, plus a velocity value based on how hard the key is played. Voice selecting (control change bank select MSB/LSB setting) Volume, panpot (Mixing Console), etc. The performance data of all songs and styles is handled as MIDI data. Using Your PSR-A1000 with Other Devices MIDI channels MIDI performance data is assigned to one of sixteen MIDI channels. Using these channels, 1 - 16, the performance data for sixteen different instrument parts can be simultaneously sent over one MIDI cable. Think of the MIDI channels as TV channels. Each TV station transmits its broadcasts over a specific channel.Your home TV set receives many different programs simultaneously from several TV stations and you select the appropriate channel to watch the desired program. Weather Report News 1 2 2 News MIDI operates on the same basic principle. The transmitting instrument sends MIDI data on a specific MIDI channel (MIDI Transmit Channel) via a single MIDI cable to the receiving instrument. If the receiving instrument's MIDI channel (MIDI Receive Channel) matches the Transmit Channel, the receiving instrument will sound according to the data sent by the transmitting instrument. MIDI transmit channel 2 MIDI cable MIDI receive channel 2 The PSR-A1000's keyboard and internal tone generator are also connected by MIDI (page 129). For example, several tracks (channels) can be transmitted simultaneously, including the style data (as shown below). Example: Recording the auto accompaniment of the PSR-A1000 to an external sequencer PSR-A1000 track (channnel) MAIN LAYER LEFT STYLE instrument STYLE instrument STYLE instrument STYLE instrument STYLE instrument STYLE instrument STYLE instrument STYLE instrument MIDI cable or serial cable Channel 1 Channel 2 Channel 3 Channel 4 Channel 5 Channel 6 Channel 7 Channel 8 Channel 9 Channel 10 Channel 11 External sequencer Track 1 Track 2 Track 3 Track 4 Track 5 Track 6 Track 7 Track 8 Track 9 Track 10 Track 11 PSR-A1000 141

Section	Page
PRECAUTIONS	3
Accessories	6
PA-300 AC Adaptor*	6
Floppy Disk [includes style files, song files and MIDI Driver (page138)]	6
Music Stand (page17)	6
Data List	6
Owner’s Manual	6
About this Owner’s Manual and Data List	6
Handling the Floppy Disk Drive (FDD) and Floppy Disk	7
Compatible Disk Type	7
Inserting/Ejecting Floppy Disks	7
To insert a floppy disk into the disk drive:	7
To eject a floppy disk:	7
Cleaning the Disk Drive Read/Write Head	7
About the Floppy Disks	8
To handle floppy disks with care:	8
To protect your data (Write-protect Tab):	8
Data backup	8
About the Display Messages	8
Application Index	12
Multi Pads	15
LCD	15
SCALE TUNING	15
TO HOST terminal	15
VOICE	15
Setting Up the PSR-A1000	16
2 Adjusting the display contrast	17
3 Setting the volume	17
Panel Controls and Terminals	18
Quick Guide	20
Playing the Demos	20
Song Playback	21
Playback of Songs	21
Playing Voices	25
Playing a Voice	25
Playing Two Voices Simultaneously	26
Playing Different Voices with the Left and Right Hands	27
Playing Styles	28
Playing a style	28
Style Sections	30
Accompaniment Structure	31
Playing with the Songs	32
Playing Along with the PSR-A1000	32
Recording	33
Setting an Oriental Scale	34
Basic Operations — Organizing Your Data	35
Example — Open/Save display for Voice	36
Selecting Files and Folders	37
File/Folder-related Operations	38
Naming Files/Folders	38
Moving Files/Folders	39
Copying Files/Folders	40
Deleting Files/Folders	40
Saving Files	41
Organizing Files by Creating a New Folder	41
Displaying Upper Level pages	41
Entering Characters and Changing Icons	41
Entering Characters	42
Entering special character marks (umlaut, accent)	42
Entering miscellaneous characters (marks)	42
Entering numbers	42
Changing the Icon	43
Using the [DATA ENTRY] Dial	43
Adjusting values	43
Selecting items	43
Direct Access — Instant Selection of Displays	44
Help Messages	46
Using the Metronome	47
Adjusting the Tempo	47
Tap Tempo	48
Tempo Indications — MAIN Display	48
Reference	49
Playing the Demos	49
Voices	51
Selecting a Voice	51
Layer/Left — Playing Several Sounds Simultaneously	53
Layer — Layering Two Different Voices	53
Left — Setting Separate Voices for the Left and Right Sections of the Keyboard	54
Applying Voice Effects	54
TOUCH	54
SUSTAIN	54
DSP	54
VARIATION	55
HARMONY/ECHO	55
MONO	55
LEFT HOLD	55
PITCH BEND Wheel	55
Adjusting the Octave setting	55
Styles	56
Playing a style	56
Playing a Style’s Rhythm Channels only	58
Adjusting the Volume Balance/Channel Muting	58
Chord Fingerings	59
Arranging the Style Pattern (SECTIONS: MAIN A/B/C/D, INTRO, ENDING, BREAK)	61
Stopping the Style Playback While Releasing Keys (SYNC. STOP)	62
Selecting Intro and Ending Types (INTRO/ENDING)	63
Playing Fill-in patterns automatically when changing accompaniment sections — Auto Fill In	63
The Multi Pads	64
Playing the Multi Pads	64
Chord Match	64
Multi Pad Edit	65
Song Playback	66
Compatible Song Types	66
Song Playback	67
Playing the Internal Songs	67
Playing Back Songs on Disk	69
Other Playback-related Operations	69
Repeat / Rewind / Fast forward	69
Adjusting the Volume Balance / Muting Specific Channels	69
Muting Specific Parts — Track1/Track2/Extra Tracks	70
Repeat Playback of a Specific Range	70
Displaying the Lyrics	71
Using Oriental Scales – Scale Setting/Scale Tuning/Scale Memory	72
Setting an Oriental Scale — Scale Setting	72
Adjusting the Scale Tuning — Scale Tuning	72
Scale	73
Equal Temperament	73
Bayat/Rast	73
Pure Major/Pure Minor	73
Pythagorean	73
Mean-Tone	73
Werckmeister/Kirnberger	73
Memorizing the Scale Setting – Scale Memory	74
Saving Your Scale Settings	74
Recalling the Scale Setting	75
Saving and Recalling Custom Panel Setups — Registration Memory	76
Registering Panel Setups — Registration Memory	76
Saving Your Registration Memory Setups	77
Recalling a Registration Memory Setup	78
Recalling the Registered Settings	78
Selecting the Freeze Settings	78
Editing Voices — Sound Creator	79
Operation	79
Sound Creator Parameters	80
COMMON	80
SOUND	81
FILTER	81
EG	81
VIBRATO	82
EFFECT	82
HARMONY	82
Recording Your Performances and Creating Songs — Song Creator	83
About Song Recording	83
Quick Recording (page84)	83
Multi Recording (page85)	83
Step Recording (page87)	83
Song Editing (page93)	83
Quick Recording	84
When creating a new song:	84
Play back your new song	84
Multi Recording	85
When creating a new song:	85
Recording Individual Notes — Step Record	87
Operation	87
Measure/Beat/Clock	88
Velocity	88
Gate Time	88
Recording Melodies — Step Record (Note)	89
Play back the newly created melody	89
Recording Chord Changes for the Auto Accompaniment — Step Record (Chord)	90
Entering Chords and Sections (Chord Step)	90
Play back the newly created chord progression	91
Select the Recording Options: Starting, Stopping, Punching In/Out — Rec Mode	92
Editing a Recorded Song	93
Editing Channel-related Parameters — Channel	93
Quantize	93
About Quantize Size	93
Delete	94
Mix	94
Channel Transpose	95
Set Up	95
Editing Note Events — 1 - 16	96
Editing Chord Events — CHD	97
Editing System Events — SYS/EX. (System Exclusive)	97
Inputting and Editing Lyrics	98
Customizing the Event List — Filter	98
Creating Accompaniment Styles — Style Creator	99
About Creating Accompaniment Styles	99
Realtime Recording (page101)	99
Step Recording (page102)	99
Assembling an Accompaniment Style (page103)	99
Editing the created Accompaniment Style (page104)	99
Style File Format	100
Operation	100
Realtime Recording — Basic	101
Step Recording	102
Assembling an Accompaniment Style —Assembly	103
Edit the Created Accompaniment Style	104
Change the Rhythmic Feel — Groove and Dynamics	104
Groove	104
Dynamics	105
Editing the Channel Data	106
Quantize	106
Velocity Change	106
Bar Copy	106
Bar Clear	106
Remove Event	106
Making Style File Format Settings —Parameter	107
Source Root/Chord	107
NTR (Note Transposition Rule) and NTT (Note Transposition Table)	107
High Key/Note Limit	108
RTR (Retrigger Rule)	108
Creating Multi Pad — Multi Pad Creator	109
Operation	109
Multi Pad Realtime Recording — Record	110
Start recording	110
Stop recording	110
Step Recording or Editing Multi Pads — Edit	111
Adjust the Volume Balance and Changing Voices — Mixing Console	112
Operation	112
About the parameters	112
Setting the Level Balance and Voice — Volume/Voice	113
Changing the Tone of the Voice — Filter	114
Changing Pitch-related Settings — Tune	114
Adjusting the Effects	115
Effect Structure	117
Making Global and Other Important Settings — Function	118
Operation	118
Adjusting the Pitch — Master Tune	118
Master Tune (page120)	118
Setting Song-related Parameters — Song Settings (page121)	118
Setting Auto Accompaniment-related Parameters — Style Setting, Split Point, and Chord Fingering	118
Style Setting / Split Point (page122)	118
Chord Fingering (page123)	118
Making Settings for the Pedals and Keyboard — Controller	119
Pedal (page123)	119
Keyboard / Panel (page125)	119
Setting the Registration Sequence, Freeze, and Voice Set	119
Registration Sequence (page126)	119
Freeze (page126)	119
Voice Set (page127)	119
Setting Harmony and Echo (page127)	119
Making MIDI Settings	119
System (page129)	119
Transmit (page130)	119
Receive (page131)	119
Root (page131)	119
Chord Detect (page131)	119
Other Settings — Utility	119
Config 1 (page132)	119
Config 2 (page133)	119
Disk (page134)	119
Owner (page135)	119
System Reset (page135)	119
Fine Tuning the Pitch — Master Tune	120
Tuning the Overall Pitch — Master Tune	120
Setting Song-related Parameters — Song Settings	121
Setting Auto Accompaniment-related Parameters — Style Setting, Split Point, and Chord Fingering	122
Setting Auto Accompaniment-related Parameters — Style Setting and Split Point	122
Setting the Fingering Method — Chord Fingering	123
Making Settings for the Pedals and Keyboard — Controller	123
Making Settings for the Pedals	123
Pedal-controllable Functions	124
Changing the Touch Sensitivity and Transpose — Keyboard/Panel	125
Keyboard Touch	125
Transpose Assign	125
Setting the Registration Sequence, Freeze, and Voice Set	126
Specifying the Order for Calling Up Registration Memory Presets — Registration Sequence	126
Maintaining Panel Settings — Freeze	126
Changing the Automatically Selected Voice Settings — Voice Set	127
Setting Harmony and Echo	127
About the Harmony Types	128
When a normal Harmony type (“Standard Duet” through “Strum”) is selected	128
When “Multi Assign” is selected	128
When “Echo” is selected	128
When “Tremolo” is selected	128
When “Trill” is selected	128
About the Harmony Assignments	128
Setting the MIDI Parameters	129
Making Overall System Settings (Local Control, Clock, etc.) — System	129
Local Control	129
Clock, Transmit Clock, Receive Transpose, Start/Stop	130
Clock	130
Transmit Clock	130
Receive Transpose	130
Start/Stop	130
Message Switch	130
Transmitting MIDI Data — Transmit	130
Receiving MIDI Data — Receive	131
Setting Root Note Channels — Root	131
Setting Chord Channels — Chord Detect	131
Other Settings — Utility	132
Making Settings for Fade In/Out, Metronome, Parameter Lock, and Tap — CONFIG 1	132
Fade In Time, Fade Out Time, Fade Out Hold Time	132
Metronome	132
Parameter Lock	133
Tap Count	133
Making Settings for the Display and Voice Number Indication — CONFIG 2	133
Copying and Formatting Disks — Disk	134
Entering Your Name and Language Preference — Owner	135
Restoring the Factory-programmed Settings of the PSR-A1000 — System Reset	135
Using Your PSR-A1000 with Other Devices	136
1 Using the Headphones (PHONES jack).	136
2 Playing the sounds of the PSR-A1000 through an external audio system, and recording the sounds ...	136
3 Using the Pedal (footswitch) or Foot Controller (FOOT PEDAL 1/2 jack)	137
4 Connecting external MIDI devices (MIDI terminals)	137
5 Connecting to a Computer (MIDI terminals/TO HOST terminal)	138
Using the TO HOST terminal	138
IBM-PC/AT (Windows)	138
Macintosh	138
Using the MIDI terminals	139
Using the USB terminal on your computer with a USB/MIDI interface (UX256/UX96, etc.)	139
What’s MIDI?	139
Example Keyboard Data	141
Channel Messages	141
MIDI channels	141
System Messages	142
What You Can Do With MIDI	142
Data Compatibility	142
Disk format	142
Sequence Format	143
SMF (Standard MIDI File)	143
ESEQ	143
XF	143
Style File	143
Voice Allocation Format	143
GM System Level 1	143
XG	143
DOC	143
Troubleshooting	144
Specifications	146

Match case Limit results 1 per page

Using Your PSR-A1000 with Other Devices

141

PSR-A1000

■

Example Keyboard Data

Panel operations on the PSR-A1000, such as playing the

keyboard and selecting voices, are processed and stored

as MIDI data. The auto accompaniment styles and songs

also consist of MIDI data.

MIDI is an acronym that stands for Musical Instrument

Digital Interface, which allows electronic musical

instruments to communicate with each other, by sending

and receiving compatible Note, Control Change, Program

Change and various other types of MIDI data, or

messages.

The PSR-A1000 can control a MIDI device by transmitting

note related data and various types of controller data.The

PSR-A1000 can be controlled by incoming MIDI

messages which automatically determine the tone

generator mode, select MIDI channels, voices and effects,

change parameter values and of course play the voices

speciﬁed for the various parts.

MIDI messages can be divided into two groups: Channel

messages and System messages.

■

Channel Messages

The PSR-A1000 is an electronic instrument that can

handle 16 channels (or 32 channels, when using the TO

HOST terminal). This is usually expressed as “it can play

16 instruments at the same time.” Channel messages

transmit information such as Note ON/OFF, Program

Change, for each of the 16 channels.

MIDI channels

MIDI performance data is assigned to one of sixteen

MIDI channels. Using these channels, 1 - 16, the

performance data for sixteen different instrument parts

can be simultaneously sent over one MIDI cable.

Think of the MIDI channels as TV channels. Each TV

station transmits its broadcasts over a speciﬁc

channel.Your home TV set receives many different

programs simultaneously from several TV stations and

you select the appropriate channel to watch the desired

program.

MIDI operates on the same basic principle. The

transmitting instrument sends MIDI data on a speciﬁc

MIDI channel (MIDI Transmit Channel) via a single

MIDI cable to the receiving instrument. If the receiving

instrument’s MIDI channel (MIDI Receive Channel)

matches the Transmit Channel, the receiving instrument

will sound according to the data sent by the

transmitting instrument.

For example, several tracks (channels) can be

transmitted simultaneously, including the style data (as

shown below).

Example: Recording the auto accompaniment of the PSR-A1000 to

an external sequencer

Voice number (with what voice)

01 (grand piano)

Note number (with which key)

60 (C3)

Note on (when was it pressed)

and

note off (when was it released)

Timing expressed numerically

(quarter note)

Velocity (about how strong)

120 (strong)

Message Name

PSR-A1000 Operation/Panel Setting

Note ON/OFF

Messages which are generated when the

keyboard is played. Each message includes

a speci

ﬁ

c note number which corresponds

to the key which is pressed, plus a velocity

value based on how hard the key is played.

Program Change

Voice selecting (control change bank select

MSB/LSB setting)

Control Change

Volume, panpot (Mixing Console), etc.

MIDI data has the following advantages over audio data:

•

The amount of data is much less, letting you easily store MIDI

songs to

ﬂ

oppy disk.

•

The data can be effectively and easily edited, even to the point of

changing voices and transforming the data.

The performance data of all songs and styles is handled as MIDI

data.

Weather Report

News

MIDI transmit channel 2

MIDI receive channel 2

MIDI

cable

The PSR-A1000

’

s keyboard and internal tone generator are also

connected by MIDI (page 129).

MIDI cable or

serial cable

PSR-A1000 track (channnel)

MAIN

LAYER

LEFT

STYLE instrument

External sequencer

Track 1

Track 2

Track 3

Track 4

Track 5

Track 6

Track 7

Track 8

Track 9

Track 10

Track 11

Channel 1

Channel 2

Channel 3

Channel 4

Channel 5

Channel 6

Channel 7

Channel 8

Channel 9

Channel 10

Channel 11