Netgear FSM750S FSM750S Reference Manual - Page 102

APPENDIX A: GLOSSARY This appendix defines terms associated with switching technology. 10BASE-T 100BASE-FX 100BASE-TX 1000BASE-SX 1000BASE-T Auto-negotiation Auto Uplink Backbone Bandwidth Baud Broadcast Broadcast storm Capacity planning Class of Service Collision Endstation Ethernet Fast Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet Fault isolation Forwarding Filtering Flow control Full-duplex Half-duplex The IEEE specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Category 3, 4, or 5 twisted-pair cable. The IEEE specification for 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet over fiber-optic cable. The IEEE specification for 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet over Category 5 twisted-pair cable. The IEEE specification for 1000 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet over fiber-optic cable. The IEEE specification for 1000 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet over Category 5 twisted-pair cable. A feature that allows twisted-pair ports to advertise their capabilities for speed, duplex and flow control. When connected to a port that also supports auto-negotiation, the link can automatically configure itself to the optimum setup. A feature that allows twisted-pair ports to sense if a normal (MDI-X) or uplink (MDI) connection is necessary and make the right link. It adjusts for straight-through or crossover cables. The part of a network used as a primary path for transporting traffic between network segments. The information capacity, measured in bits per second, that a channel could transmit. Bandwidth examples include 10 Mbps for Ethernet, 100 Mbps for Fast Ethernet, and 1000 Mbps (I Gbps) for Gigabit Ethernet. The signaling rate of a line, that is, the number of transitions (voltage or frequency changes) made per second. Also known as line speed. A packet sent to all devices on a network. Multiple simultaneous broadcasts that typically absorb all the available network bandwidth and can cause a network to fail. Broadcast storms can be due to faulty network devices or network loops. Determining whether current solutions can satisfy future demands. Capacity planning includes evaluating potential workload and infrastructure changes. A term to describe treating different types of traffic with different levels of service priority. Higher priority traffic gets faster treatment during times of switch congestion A term used to describe two colliding packets in an Ethernet network. Collisions are a part of normal Ethernet operation, but a sudden prolonged increase in the number of collisions can indicate a problem with a device, particularly if it is not accompanied by a general increase in traffic. A computer, printer, or server that is connected to a network. A LAN specification developed jointly by Xerox, Intel and Digital Equipment Corporation. Ethernet networks transmit packets at a rate of 10 Mbps. An Ethernet system that is designed to operate at 100 Mbps. An Ethernet system that is designed to operate at 1000 Mbps (1 Gbps). A technique for identifying and alerting administrators about connections (such as those associated with switch ports) that are experiencing congestion or failure, or exceeding an administratordefined threshold. The process of sending a packet toward its destination using a networking device. The process of screening a packet for certain characteristics, such as source address, destination address, or protocol. Filtering is used to determine whether traffic is to be forwarded, and can also prevent unauthorized access to a network or network devices. A congestion- control mechanism. Congestion is caused by devices sending traffic to already overloaded port on a switch. Flow control prevents packet loss and temporarily inhibits devices from generating more traffic until the period of congestion ends. A system that allows packets to be transmitted and received at the same time and, in effect, doubles the potential throughput of a link. A system that allows packets to transmitted and received, but not at the same time. Contrast with full-duplex. Page 101 of 121