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Details of QoS IP Type-of-Service, A Differentiated Services Codepoint DSCP, Precedence Bits

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Quality of Service (QoS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively Using QoS Classifiers To Configure Quality of Service for Outbound Traffic Details of QoS IP Type-of-Service IP packets include a Type of Service (ToS) byte. The ToS byte includes: ■ A Differentiated Services Codepoint (DSCP): This element is comprised of the upper six bits of the ToS byte). There are 64 possible codepoints. • In the switches covered in this guide, the default qos configuration includes a codepoint with 802.1p priority setting for Expedited Forwarding (codepoint 101110), while others are unused (and listed with No-override for a Priority). Refer to table 5-9 on page 5-51 for an illustration of the default DSCP policy table. Using the qos dscp map command, you can configure the switch to assign different prioritization policies to IPv4 packets having different codepoints. As an alternative, you can configure the switch to assign a new codepoint to an IPv4 packet, along with a corresponding 802.1p priority (0-7). To use this option in the simplest case, you would: a. Configure a specific DSCP with a specific priority in an edge switch. b. Configure the switch to mark a specific type of inbound traffic with that DSCP (and thus create a policy for that traffic type). c. Configure the internal switches in your LAN to honor the policy. (For example, you could configure an edge switch to assign a codepoint of 000001 to all packets received from a specific VLAN, and then handle all traffic with that codepoint at high priority.) For a codepoint listing and the commands for displaying and changing the DSCP Policy table, refer to "Differentiated Services Codepoint (DSCP) Mapping" on page 5-51. ■ Precedence Bits: This element is a subset of the DSCP and is comprised of the upper three bits of the ToS byte. When configured to do so, the switch uses the precedence bits to determine a priority for handling the associated packet. (The switch does not change the setting of the precedence bits.) Using the ToS Precedence bits to prioritize IPv4 packets relies on priorities set in upstream devices and applications. 5-36

Section	Page
HP ProCurve 6120G/XG Switch 6120XG Switch	1
Front Cover	1
Title Page	3
Copyright, Notices, & Publication Data	4
Contents	5
1. Getting Started	19
Contents	19
Introduction	20
Conventions	20
Command Syntax Statements	20
Command Prompts	21
Screen Simulations	21
Configuration and Operation Examples	21
Keys	21
Sources for More Information	22
Getting Documentation From the Web	24
Online Help	24
Menu Interface	24
Command Line Interface	25
Web Browser Interface	25
Need Only a Quick Start?	26
IP Addressing	26
To Set Up and Install the Switch in Your Network	27
Physical Installation	27
2. Static Virtual LANs (VLANs)	29
Contents	29
Overview	31
Introduction	32
General VLAN Operation	32
Types of Static VLANs Available in the Switch	33
Port-Based VLANs	33
Protocol-Based VLANs	33
Designated VLANs	33
Terminology	34
Static VLAN Operation	35
VLAN Environments	36
VLAN Operation	37
Overlapping (Tagged) VLANs	38
Per-Port Static VLAN Configuration Options	40
VLAN Operating Rules	41
General Steps for Using VLANs	44
Multiple VLAN Considerations	45
Single Forwarding Database Operation	45
Example of an Unsupported Configuration and How To Correct It	47
Multiple Forwarding Database Operation	48
Configuring VLANs	49
Menu: Configuring Port-Based VLAN Parameters	49
To Change VLAN Support Settings	50
Adding or Editing VLAN Names	51
Adding or Changing a VLAN Port Assignment	53
CLI: Configuring Port-Based and Protocol-Based VLAN Parameters	55
Web: Viewing and Configuring VLAN Parameters	69
802.1Q VLAN Tagging	70
Special VLAN Types	75
VLAN Support and the Default VLAN	75
The Primary VLAN	75
The Secure Management VLAN	76
Preparation	78
Configuration	79
Using DHCP to Obtain an IP Address	80
Deleting the Management VLAN	83
Operating Notes for Management VLANs	83
Voice VLANs	84
Operating Rules for Voice VLANs	84
Components of Voice VLAN Operation	85
Voice VLAN Access Security	85
Effect of VLANs on Other Switch Features	85
Spanning Tree Operation with VLANs	85
IP Interfaces	86
VLAN MAC Address	86
Port Trunks	86
Port Monitoring	86
Jumbo Packet Support	87
VLAN Restrictions	87
3. GVRP	89
Overview	90
Introduction	91
General Operation	92
Per-Port Options for Handling GVRP “Unknown VLANs”	95
Per-Port Options for Dynamic VLAN Advertising and Joining	97
GVRP and VLAN Access Control	99
Advertisements and Dynamic Joins	99
Port-Leave From a Dynamic VLAN	99
Planning for GVRP Operation	100
Configuring GVRP On a Switch	101
Menu: Viewing and Configuring GVRP	101
CLI: Viewing and Configuring GVRP	102
Web: Viewing and Configuring GVRP	106
GVRP Operating Notes	106
4. Multiple Instance Spanning-Tree Operation	109
Contents	109
Overview	111
802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)	114
MSTP Structure	115
How MSTP Operates	117
MST Regions	117
Regions, Legacy STP and RSTP Switches, and the Common Spanning Tree (CST)	119
MSTP Operation with 802.1Q VLANs	120
Terminology	121
Operating Rules	123
MSTP Compatibility with RSTP or STP	124
Configuring MSTP	125
Planning an MSTP Application	125
MSTP Configuration Overview	127
Configuring MSTP Operation Mode and Global Settings	129
Configuring MSTP Per-Port Parameters	134
Configuring Per Port Parameters	134
Configuring BPDU Filtering	138
Configuring BPDU Protection	139
Configuring MST Instance Parameters	143
Configuring MST Instance Per-Port Parameters	145
Enabling or Disabling Spanning Tree Operation	148
Enabling an Entire MST Region at Once or Exchanging One Region Configuration for Another	148
MSTP VLAN Configuration Enhancement	150
PreConfiguring VLANs in an MST Instance	151
Configuring MSTP Instances with the VLAN Range Option	152
Operating Notes for the VLAN Configuration Enhancement	154
How to Save Your Current Configuration	155
Displaying MSTP Statistics and Configuration	157
Displaying Global MSTP Status	158
Displaying Detailed Port Information	160
Displaying Status for a Specific MST Instance	161
Displaying the MSTP Configuration	162
Troubleshooting an MSTP Configuration	166
Displaying the Change History of Root Bridges	166
Displaying Debug Counters for All MST Instances	169
Displaying Debug Counters for One MST Instance	170
Displaying Debug Counters for Ports in an MST Instance	172
Field Descriptions in MSTP Debug Command Output	174
Troubleshooting MSTP Operation	177
Loop Protection	178
Configuring Loop Protection	179
Viewing Loop Protection Status	180
5. Quality of Service (QoS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively	181
Contents	181
Introduction	183
Terminology	186
Overview	187
Classifiers for Prioritizing Outbound Packets	190
Packet Classifiers and Evaluation Order	190
Preparation for Configuring QoS	191
Preserving 802.1p Priority	191
Steps for Configuring QoS on the Switch	191
Using QoS Classifiers To Configure Quality of Service for Outbound Traffic	193
Viewing the QoS Configuration	193
No Override	194
QoS UDP/TCP Priority	195
Assigning an 802.1p Priority Based on TCP or UDP Port Number	196
Operating Notes on Using TCP/UDP Port Ranges	198
Assigning a DSCP Policy Based on TCP or UDP Port Number	199
QoS IP-Device Priority	202
Assigning a Priority Based on IP Address	203
Assigning a DSCP Policy Based on IP Address	204
QoS IP Type-of-Service (ToS) Policy and Priority	206
Assigning an 802.1p Priority to IPv4 Packets on the Basis of the ToS Precedence Bits	207
Assigning an 802.1p Priority to IPv4 Packets on the Basis of Incoming DSCP	208
Assigning a DSCP Policy on the Basis of the DSCP in IPv4 Packets Received from Upstream Devices	213
Details of QoS IP Type-of-Service	216
Assigning a Priority Based on Layer-3 Protocol	218
QoS VLAN-ID (VID) Priority	221
Assigning a Priority Based on VLAN-ID	221
Assigning a DSCP Policy Based on VLAN-ID (VID)	223
QoS Source-Port Priority	226
Assigning a Priority Based on Source-Port	226
Assigning a DSCP Policy Based on the Source-Port	228
Differentiated Services Codepoint (DSCP) Mapping	231
Configuring DSCP Policies for Codepoints	233
Steps for Configuring Codepoints	234
Default Priority Settings for Selected Codepoints	235
Quickly Listing Non-Default Codepoint Settings	236
Note On Changing a Priority Setting	237
Example of Changing the Priority Setting on a Policy When One or More Classifiers Are Currently Using the Policy	238
IP Multicast (IGMP) Interaction with QoS	241
QoS Messages in the CLI	242
QoS Queue Configuration	243
Configuring Traffic Templates	245
Overview	245
Displaying Traffic Template Information	245
Creating a Traffic Template	246
Configuring Traffic Groups Within a Traffic Template	248
Moving a Priority From One Traffic Group to Another	248
Applying a Traffic Template	250
Changing the Number of QoS Queues	251
Displaying the QoS Queue Configuration	251
QoS Operating Notes and Restrictions	252
6. Converged Enhanced Ethernet on the HP ProCurve 6120XG Switch	255
Contents	255
Introduction	257
Terminology	258
CEE Network Example	259
Getting Started	261
Installing and Verifying the CEE License	261
Configuring Traffic Templates	262
Applying the Traffic Template	263
Data Center Bridging Exchange	265
Enabling DCBX	266
Displaying DCBX Status Information	267
DCBX Log Messages	269
Minor Errors	269
Serious Errors	270
Configuring Priority Flow Control (PFC)	271
Operating Notes for PFC	271
Configuring PFC	271
Notes on the Behavior of Priority Flow Control	272
Displaying the Status of Flow Control	272
Troubleshooting	274
DCBX Troubleshooting	274
FIP Snooping	275
Getting Started	277
1. Configure CEE on the switch.	277
2. Configure the FC-MAP	277
3. Enable/disable FIP Snooping	279
Troubleshooting	281
FIP Snooping Implications on Trunk Configuration	282
Numerics	283
A	283
B	283
C	283
D	283
E	284
F	284
G	284
H	284
I	285
J	285
L	285
M	285
N	285
O	285
P	285
Q	286
R	286
S	286
T	288
U	289
V	289
W	290
W	290

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5-36

Quality of Service (QoS): Managing Bandwidth More Effectively

Using QoS Classifiers To Configure Quality of Service for Outbound Traffic

Details of QoS IP Type-of-Service

IP packets include a Type of Service (ToS) byte. The ToS byte includes:

■

A Differentiated Services Codepoint (DSCP):

This element is com-

prised of the upper six bits of the ToS byte). There are 64 possible

codepoints.

•

In the switches covered in this guide, the default

qos

configuration

includes a codepoint with 802.1p priority setting for Expedited For-

warding (codepoint 101110), while others are unused (and listed with

No-override

for a Priority).

Refer to table 5-9 on page 5-51 for an illustration of the default DSCP policy

table.

Using the

qos dscp map

command, you can configure the switch to assign

different prioritization policies to IPv4 packets having different code-

points. As an alternative, you can configure the switch to assign a new

codepoint to an IPv4 packet, along with a corresponding 802.1p priority

(0-7). To use this option in the simplest case, you would:

Configure a specific DSCP with a specific priority in an edge switch.

Configure the switch to mark a specific type of inbound traffic with

that DSCP (and thus create a policy for that traffic type).

Configure the internal switches in your LAN to honor the policy.

(For example, you could configure an edge switch to assign a codepoint

of 000001 to all packets received from a specific VLAN, and then handle

all traffic with that codepoint at high priority.)

For a codepoint listing and the commands for displaying and changing the

DSCP Policy table, refer to “Differentiated Services Codepoint (DSCP)

Mapping” on page 5-51.

■

Precedence Bits:

This element is a subset of the DSCP and is comprised

of the upper three bits of the ToS byte. When configured to do so, the

switch uses the precedence bits to determine a priority for handling the

associated packet. (The switch does not change the setting of the prece-

dence bits.) Using the ToS Precedence bits to prioritize IPv4 packets relies

on priorities set in upstream devices and applications.