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D-Link DWS-3024 Product Manual - Page 233

TXOP Interval for Client Stations, 802.1p and DSCP tags

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Understanding Quality of Service TXOP Interval for Client Stations The Transmission Opportunity (TXOP) is an interval of time when a Wi-Fi Multimedia (WMM) client station has the right to initiate transmissions onto the wireless medium (WM). 802.1p and DSCP tags IEEE 802.1p is an extension of the IEEE 802 standard and is responsible for QoS provision. One purpose of 802.1p is to prioritize network traffic at the data link/ MAC layer. The 802.1q tag includes a three-bit field for prioritization, which allows packets to be grouped into various traffic classes. Eight priority levels are defined. The highest priority is seven, which might go to network critical traffic (voice). The lowest priority level is zero, this is used as a best-effort default, it is invoked automatically when no other value has been set. NOTE: IEEE 802.1p prioritization will not work unless QoS and WMM are enabled. WMM must be enabled on both the AP and on the client connecting to the AP. TXOP Interval for Client Stations 233

Section	Page
User Manual	3
List of Figures	9
List of Tables	13
About This Document	15
Audience	15
Organization	15
Document Conventions	15
Safety Instructions	16
Safety Cautions	16
General Precautions for Rack-Mountable Products	18
Protecting Against Electrostatic Discharge	19
Battery Handling Reminder	19
Overview of the D-Link Unified Access System	21
D-Link Unified Access System Components	21
D-Link Unified Switch	22
D-Link Access Point	22
WLAN Visualization	23
D-Link Unified Access System Topology	23
Single Unified Switch Deployment	24
Peer Unified Switch Deployment	24
Understanding the User Interfaces	25
Using the Web Interface	26
Interface Configuration Graphic	26
Navigation Menu	27
Configuration and Monitoring Options	27
WLAN Tabs	28
Tools Menu	28
Using the Command-Line Interface	28
Using SNMP	29
Wireless System Features and Standards Support	30
Planning the D-Link Unified Access System Network	33
System Requirements	33
WLAN Topology Considerations	34
Access Point-to-Switch Discovery	36
Access Point Placement	36
Network Planning to Support Layer 3 Roaming	37
Installing the Hardware	39
Hardware Overview	39
Front Panel Components	40
LED Indicators	41
Rear Panel Description	43
Side Panels	43
Installation	44
Package Contents	44
Installation Guidelines	44
Installing the Switch without the Rack	45
Installing the Switch in a Rack	45
Powering On the Switch	46
Power Failure	46
Installing the SFP ports	46
Installing the Optional Modules	47
Install the Module	48
Connecting to the External Redundant Power System	49
Connecting the Switch	49
Connecting the Switch to the Network	50
Connecting the Switch and AP Directly	50
Connecting the Switch and AP through the L2/L3 Network	51
Connecting to the Core Network	51
Installing the D-Link Unified Access System	53
System Deployment Overview	53
Connecting the Switch to the Network	55
Enabling the WLAN Features on the Switch	56
Preparing the Access Points	58
Logging on to the AP	58
Changing the AP Password	59
Configuring 802.1X Authentication Information on the AP	59
Configuring AP-to-Switch Authentication Information	60
Configuring VLAN Information on the Access Point	60
Discovering Access Points and Peer Switches	61
Understanding the Discovery Methods	61
Example 1: L2 Discovery	61
Example 2: IP Address of AP Configured in the Switch	62
Example 3: IP Address of Switch Configured in the AP	63
Example 4: DHCP Option	63
Discovery and Peer Switches	64
Assigning the IP Address to Switches and Managed APs	64
D-Link Unified Switch with Routing Disabled	65
D-Link Unified Switch with Routing Enabled	65
D-Link Access Point	67
Enabling the AP and Peer Switch Discovery	67
D-Link Wireless Device Discovery Protocol	68
Configuring IP Addresses of Peers and APs in the Switch	69
Setting the Switch IP Address in the D-Link Access Point	71
Setting the Switch Information in the DHCP Option	73
Authenticating and Validating Access Points	74
Configuring AP Authentication	75
Using the Local Database for AP Validation	76
Using the RADIUS Database for AP Validation	78
Managing Failed or Rogue APs	80
Configuring Access Point Settings	83
AP Profiles, Networks, and the Local Database	83
Access Point Profiles	83
Networks	84
Local Access Point Database	84
Configuring AAA and RADIUS Settings	85
Configuring Wireless Radio Settings	87
Configuring SSID Settings	93
Managing Virtual Access Point Configuration	93
Configuring the Default Network	94
Enabling and Configuring Additional VAPs	98
Configuring a VAP for L3 Tunnels	99
Configuring AP Security	101
Using No Security	101
Using Static or Dynamic WEP	101
Using WPA/WPA2 Personal or Enterprise	103
Configuring Valid Access Point Settings	106
Managing and Maintaining D-Link Access Points	109
Resetting the Access Points	109
Managing Radio Frequency Settings	110
Configuring Channel Plan and Power Settings	110
Viewing the Channel Plan History	113
Initiating Manual Channel Plan Assignments	114
Initiating Manual Power Adjustments	115
Upgrading the Access Point Software	116
Performing Advanced Access Point Management	119
Enabling AP Debugging	120
Adjusting the Channel and Power	120
Monitoring Status and Statistics	123
Monitoring Wireless Global Information	123
Viewing IP Discovery Status	126
Monitoring Peer Switch Status	126
Monitoring All Access Points	127
Monitoring Managed Access Point Status	130
Viewing Detailed Managed Access Point Status	132
Viewing Managed Access Point Radio Summary Information	133
Viewing Detailed Managed Access Point Radio Information	134
Viewing Managed Access Point Neighbor APs	135
Viewing Clients Associated with Neighbor Access Points	136
Viewing Managed Access Point VAPs	137
Monitoring Managed AP Statistics	138
Viewing Managed Access Point Ethernet Statistics	139
Viewing Detailed Managed Access Point Statistics	139
Viewing Managed Access Point Radio Statistics	140
Viewing Managed Access Point VAP Statistics	141
Viewing Access Point Authentication Failure Status	142
Monitoring Rogue and RF Scan Access Points	143
Monitoring Associated Client Information	145
Viewing Associated Client Status	146
Viewing Detailed Associated Client Status	147
Viewing Associated Client Neighbor AP Status	148
Viewing Associated Client SSID Status	149
Viewing Associated Client VAP Status	149
Viewing Associated Client Statistics	149
Viewing Client Authentication Failure Status	151
Monitoring and Managing Ad Hoc Clients	153
Configuring Advanced Settings	155
Creating, Configuring, and Managing AP Profiles	155
Creating, Copying, and Deleting AP Profiles	157
Applying an AP Profile	158
Configuring Global Settings	159
Enabling SNMP Traps	161
Configuring QoS	163
Configuring the Captive Portal	167
Configuring Global Captive Portal Settings	168
Configuring the Captive Portal	169
Changing the Captive Portal Settings	170
Customizing the Captive Portal Web Page	172
Monitoring and Configuring Captive Portal Users	174
Configuring Users in the Local Database	175
Configuring Users in a Remote RADIUS Server	176
Associating Interfaces with the Captive Portal	177
Viewing the Captive Portal Global Status	178
Viewing CP Activation and Activity Status	179
Viewing Interface Activation Status	181
Viewing Interface Capability Status	181
Viewing the Client Summary	183
Viewing Client Detail	184
Viewing the Client Statistics	185
Viewing the Client Interface Association Status	185
Viewing the Client CP Association Status	186
SNMP Trap Configuration	187
Visualizing the Wireless Network	189
Importing and Configuring a Background Image	190
Setting Up the Graph Components	191
Creating a New Graph	191
Graphing the WLAN Components	194
Understanding the Menu Bar Options	196
Legend Menu	198
Managing the Graph	201
D-Link Unified Access System Default Settings	203
Default D-Link Unified Switch Settings	203
Default D-Link Access Point Settings	204
Default D-Link Access Point Profile Settings	205
Default Captive Portal Settings	206
Configuring the External RADIUS Server	207
Configuring RADIUS Settings for Access Points	207
FreeRADIUS Server Configuration Example	209
Configuring RADIUS Clients	209
Creating and Including an Attribute Dictionary	209
Adding Access Points to the Valid AP Database	210
Configuring RADIUS Settings for Wireless Clients	211
Configuring RADIUS for Client MAC Authentication	211
FreeRADIUS Example for Wireless Client Configuration	212
Configuring User-Based Authentication and Dynamic VLANs	212
Configuring MAC Authentication	213
L3 Roaming Example	215
Configuring the WLAN and Tunnel Interfaces	216
Using a Loopback Interface for the Wireless Functions	217
Creating the VLAN Routing Interface	218
Configuring the L3 Tunnel Network	220
Example of Configuring L3 Roaming by Using the CLI	221
Example of Configuring L3 Roaming by Using the Web Interface	224
Configuring DHCP Relay and the DHCP Server	225
Configuring the Relay Agent	225
Configuring the DHCP Server	226
Understanding Quality of Service	229
QoS and Load Balancing	229
802.11e and WMM Standards Support	229
Coordinating Traffic Flow	230
QoS Queues and DSCP on Packets	230
EDCF Control of Data Frames and AIFS	231
Random Backoff and Contention Windows	232
Packet Bursting for Better Performance	232
TXOP Interval for Client Stations	233
802.1p and DSCP tags	233
Limited Warranty (USA Only)	235
Product Registration	239
Limited Warranty	240
What You Must Do For Warranty Service:	241
What Is Not Covered	241
Trademarks	242
Copyright Statement	242
FCC Warning	242
Technical Support	243
Registration Card All Countries and Regions Excluding USA	268

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TXOP Interval for Client Stations

233

Understanding Quality of Service

TXOP Interval for Client Stations

The

Transmission Opportunity

(TXOP) is an interval of time when a Wi-Fi Multimedia

(WMM) client station has the right to initiate transmissions onto the wireless medium (WM).

802.1p and DSCP tags

IEEE 802.1p

is an extension of the IEEE 802 standard and is responsible for QoS provision.

One purpose of 802.1p is to prioritize network traffic at the data link/ MAC layer.

The 802.1q tag includes a three-bit field for prioritization, which allows packets to be grouped

into various traffic classes. Eight priority levels are defined. The highest priority is seven,

which might go to network critical traffic (voice). The lowest priority level is zero, this is used

as a best-effort default, it is invoked automatically when no other value has been set.

NOTE:

IEEE 802.1p prioritization will not work unless QoS and WMM are enabled.

WMM must be enabled on both the AP and on the client connecting to the AP.