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HP 166207-B21 Smart Array 5300 Controller User Guide - Page 107

logical drives, block, stripes, Because the read/write heads are active simultaneously

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Drive Arrays and Fault Tolerance With an array controller installed in the system, the capacity of several physical drives can be combined into one or more virtual units called logical drives (also called logical volumes). Then, the read/write heads of all the constituent physical drives are active simultaneously, reducing the total time required for data transfer. L1 P1 P2 P3 Figure D-2: Physical drives configured into a logical drive (L1) Because the read/write heads are active simultaneously, the same amount of data is written to each drive during any given time interval. Each unit of data is called a block, and over all the physical drives in a logical drive the blocks form a set of data stripes (refer to Figure D-3). D-2 Compaq Smart Array 5300 Controller User Guide

Section	Page
Compaq Smart Array 5300 Controller User Guide	1
Contents	3
About This Guide	8
Important Safety Information	8
Symbols on Equipment	8
Symbols in Text	9
Text Conventions	10
Related Documents	10
Getting Help	11
Compaq Technical Support	11
Compaq Website	11
Compaq Authorized Reseller	12
Reader’s Comments	12
1: Board Components and Features	13
Overview of Controller Features	16
Overview of Array Accelerator Features	17
Batteries	18
PCI System Interface	20
SCSI Support	20
Fault Management Features	20
2: Installation Overview	23
Procedure for a New System	23
Procedure for a Pre-configured System	24
3: Installing the Hardware	25
Preparing the Server	25
Installing the Smart Array Controller	26
Connecting the Cables	27
Internal Cabling for Compaq Servers	28
External Cabling for Compaq Servers	29
4: Updating the System Firmware	31
Running System ROMPaq from the CD	31
Running System ROMPaq from Diskette	32
Creating a System ROMPaq Diskette from the CD	32
Creating a System ROMPaq Diskette from the SoftPaq File	32
Using the Diskette	33
5: Updating the Controller Firmware	34
Running Options ROMPaq from the CD	35
Running Options ROMPaq from Diskettes	36
Creating Diskettes Using the Smart Array Controller Support Software CD	36
Creating Diskettes Using the SmartStart CD	36
Creating Diskettes Using the SoftPaq File	37
Using the Diskettes	37
Updating the System Partition	39
6: Setting the Controller Order	40
Using RBSU	40
Using ORCA	41
7: Configuring an Array	43
Using ORCA	45
Using ACU	46
Running ACU from CD	47
Running ACU while Online	47
ACU Screen Descriptions	47
Main ACU Screen	48
Secondary Screens	52
Typical Manual Configuration Procedures in ACU	58
Creating a New Array	58
Expanding Array Capacity	62
Extending Logical Drive Capacity	65
Migrating RAID Level or Stripe Size	67
Using CPQONLIN	68
Running CPQONLIN	69
Automatic Configuration	69
Manual Configuration	70
Typical Manual Configuration Procedures in CPQONLIN	72
Creating a Custom Configuration for a New Array	72
Adding Spare Drives	73
Configuring the New Logical Drive	74
Configuring the Controller Settings	74
Expanding an Array	75
Migrating RAID Level or Stripe Size	76
8: Installing the Device Drivers	78
Using the Smart Array Controller Support Software CD	78
Using the SmartStart CD	78
Updating the Compaq Insight Manager Agents	79
9: Upgrading and Replacing Options	80
Array Accelerator	80
Battery Pack	83
2- to 4-Channel Adapter Board	87
Enabling RAID ADG	91
Using the Software Key	91
Using the Enabler Module	92
A: Regulatory Compliance Notices	96
Regulatory Compliance Identification Numbers	96
Federal Communications Commission Notice	96
Class A Equipment	97
Class B Equipment	97
Declaration of Conformity for Products Marked with the FCC Logo, United States Only	98
Modifications	98
Cables	99
Canadian Notice (Avis Canadien)	99
Class A Equipment	99
Class B Equipment	99
Mouse Compliance Statement	99
European Union Notice	100
Japanese Notice	101
Taiwanese Notice	101
Battery Replacement Notice	102
B: Electrostatic Discharge	103
C: Controller Specifications	105
D: Drive Arrays and Fault Tolerance	106
What Is a Drive Array?	106
Fault-Tolerance Methods	110
RAID 0—No Fault Tolerance	110
Advantages	110
Disadvantages	110
RAID 1+0—Drive Mirroring	111
Advantages	112
Disadvantages	112
RAID 5—Distributed Data Guarding	112
Advantages	113
Disadvantages	113
RAID ADG—Advanced Data Guarding	114
Advantages	114
Disadvantage	115
Other Fault-Tolerance Options	116
E: Hard Drive Installation and Replacement	117
General Information About Hard Drive Failure	117
Recognizing Drive Failure	118
Compromised Fault Tolerance	120
Procedure to Attempt Recovery	120
Automatic Data Recovery	121
Failure of Automatic Data Recovery	122
General Aspects of Drive Replacement	122
Drive Failure During Rebuild	123
Minimizing Fatal System Errors During Rebuild	124
Moving Drives and Arrays	125
Upgrading Hard Drive Capacity	126
Expanding and Extending Capacity	127
F: Probability of Logical Drive Failure	129
G: POST Error Messages	131
H: Questions and Answers	143
Glossary	147

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Drive Arrays and Fault Tolerance

D-2

Compaq Smart Array 5300 Controller User Guide

With an array controller installed in the system, the capacity of several physical

drives can be combined into one or more virtual units called

logical drives

(also

called logical volumes). Then, the read/write heads of all the constituent physical

drives are active simultaneously, reducing the total time required for data transfer.

Figure D-2:

Physical drives configured into a logical

drive (L1)

Because the read/write heads are active simultaneously, the same amount of data is

written to each drive during any given time interval. Each unit of data is called a

block,

and over all the physical drives in a logical drive the blocks form a set of data

stripes

(refer to Figure D-3).