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What are the SAS Connection Options?, Direct-Attach Connections, Backplane Connections

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Appendix A: Introduction to SAS ● 60 In parallel SCSI, XX is the disk drive's channel number, YY is the target number, and ZZ is the logical unit number (LUN). What are the SAS Connection Options? You can connect end devices to each other through direct cable connections and through backplane connections. When you use one or more expander devices (see page 60), you can create large configurations. Direct-Attach Connections In a direct-attach connection, SAS or SATA disk drives are connected directly to a SAS controller with SAS cables. One disk drive is connected to one SAS connector with one SAS cable or multiple disk drives are connected to one SAS connector with one fan-out cable. The figure on page 30 shows an example of direct-attach connections. The number of direct-connected disk drives is limited to the number of phys supported by the SAS controller. Note: There may be multiple phys within a single connector. See page 59. Backplane Connections In a backplane connection, disk drives and SAS controllers are connected to and communicate with each other through a system backplane. The figure on page 30 shows an example of backplane connections. There are two types of backplane connections, passive and active. When connecting to either backplane, it's important to properly connect your disk drive LEDs in order to identify disk drive conditions. See About Your HostRAID Controller on page 14 for your RAID controller Activity LED connections and locations. When connecting to a backplane, the Adaptec Storage Manager enables you to manage your system disk drives, see Next Steps on page 33. The number of end devices is limited to the number of slots available on the backplane. For example, the Adaptec S50 enclosure, which contains an expander, is a backplane connection that supports up to 12 SAS or SATA disk drives. Some backplanes support daisy-chain expansion to other backplanes. For example, you can daisy-chain up to nine Adaptec S50 enclosures to a single SAS controller in a host system. SAS Expander Connections A SAS expander device literally expands the number of end devices that you can connect together. Expander devices, typically embedded into a system backplane (see page 30), support large configurations of SAS end devices, including SAS controllers and SAS and SATA disk drives. With expander devices, you can build large and complex storage topologies. There are two types of SAS expanders: fanout expanders and edge expanders. Each performs a different role in a storage system. (For more information about how SAS expanders work, refer to the STA Web site at www.scsita.org.) You can connect up to 128 SAS ports to an edge expander. (A single edge expander can therefore support up to 128 SAS addresses.)

Section	Page
Contents	6
About This Guide	11
What You Need to Know Before You Begin	12
Terminology Used in this Guide	12
Conventions Used in This Guide	12
How to Find More Information	12
About Your HostRAID Controller	14
HostRAID Controller Features	15
Array Level Features	15
About the Adaptec 58300 Controller	16
About the Adaptec 48300 Controller	17
About the Adaptec 44300 Controller	18
About the Adaptec 1430SA Controller	19
About the Adaptec 1420SA Controller	20
About the Adaptec 1220SA Controller	21
About the Adaptec 1225SA Controller	22
Kit Contents and System Requirements	23
Kit Contents	24
System Requirements	24
Installing the HostRAID Controller and Disk Drives	25
Before You Begin	26
Installing the HostRAID Controller	26
Selecting Disk Drives	27
Selecting SAS Cables	27
Selecting SATA Cables	29
Connecting Disk Drives to SAS HostRAID Controllers	29
Connecting Directly to the HostRAID Controller	30
Connecting to a Backplane	30
Installing the SAS HostRAID Controller to a SAS Expander	31
Connecting Disk Drives to SATA HostRAID Controllers	32
Checking Your Controller and Devices	32
Setting the Boot Controller	32
Next Steps	33
Getting Started	34
Choosing a RAID Level	35
Choosing Installation Options	35
Basic Installation Steps	35
Installing with an Operating System	35
Installing with an Operating System On a Bootable Disk Drive or Array	35
Installing on an Existing Operating System	36
Creating a Bootable Array	37
Creating an Array	38
Creating an Array with the ACU	38
Creating an Array with Adaptec Storage Manager	38
Making Your Array Bootable	40
Installing the Driver and an Operating System	41
Before You Begin	42
Creating a Driver Disk	42
Installing with Windows	42
Installing with Red Hat Linux	43
Installing with SUSE Linux	43
Installing with NetWare	44
Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System	45
Before You Begin	46
Creating a Driver Disk or an Array	46
Installing on Windows XP or Windows 2003	46
Installing on Windows Vista	47
Installing on Red Hat or SUSE Linux	47
Installing on NetWare	47
Managing Your Storage Space	49
About Adaptec Storage Manager	50
Installing Adaptec Storage Manager	50
About the HRCONF Command Line Utility	50
About the ARC Utility	51
About the Adaptec Flash Utility	51
Which Utility Should I Use?	51
Solving Problems	52
Troubleshooting Checklist	53
Recovering from a Disk Drive Failure	53
Failed Disk Drive Protected by a Hot Spare	53
Failed Disk Drive Not Protected by a Hot Spare	53
Failure in Multiple Arrays Simultaneously	54
Disk Drive Failure in a RAID 0 Array	54
Multiple Failures in the Same Array	54
Resetting the Controller	54
Introduction to SAS	56
Terminology Used in This Appendix	57
What is SAS?	57
How Do SAS Devices Communicate?	58
What’s a Phy?	58
What’s a SAS Port?	58
What’s a SAS Address?	59
What’s a SAS Connector?	59
What do SAS Cables Look Like?	59
How are Disk Drives Identified in SAS?	59
What are the SAS Connection Options?	60
Direct-Attach Connections	60
Backplane Connections	60
SAS Expander Connections	60
How is SAS Different from Parallel SCSI?	61
Understanding RAID	63
RAID Technology Overview	64
Understanding Drive Segments	64
Stripe-Unit Size	64
RAID 0 (Non-RAID Arrays)	64
RAID 1 Arrays	65
RAID 10 Arrays	65
Selecting the Best RAID Level	66
Using the ARC Utility	67
Introduction to the ARC Utility	68
Running the ARC Utility	68
Creating and Managing Arrays	68
Creating a New Array	68
Managing Arrays	70
Adding/Deleting Hot Spares	71
Managing Bootable Arrays and Devices	72
Configuring Disk Drives	72
ATAPI Support	72
Using SerialSelect	72
SerialSelect Options	73
Using SATASelect	74
SATASelect Options	75
Formatting and Verifying Disk Drives	75
Locating Disk Drives	76
Identifying Disk Drives	76
Viewing the Event Log	77
Using the Adaptec Flash Utility for DOS	78
Introduction	79
System Requirements	79
Compatibility Information	79
Before You Begin	79
Obtaining the Firmware	79
Creating the Firmware Kit On Floppy Disks	80
Running the AFU	80
Running the Menu-Based AFU	80
Running the AFU from the Command Line	81
AFU Commands	81
HELP	81
LIST	82
SAVE	82
UPDATE	83
VERIFY	83
VERSION	84
Updating Flash Using AFU Command Line	84
HostRAID Controller LED and I2C Connector Reference	86
Adaptec 58300 Activity LED and I2C Connector Specification	87
Adaptec 48300 Activity LED and I2C Connector Specification	87
Adaptec 44300 Activity LED and I2C Connector Specification	88
Adaptec 1430SA Activity LED and I2C Connector Specification	89
Adaptec 1420SA Activity LED and I2C Connector Specification	90
Safety Information	92
Electrostatic Discharge(ESD)	92
Technical Specifications	93
Environmental Specifications	94
DC Power Requirements	94
Current Requirements	94
Glossary	95

Match case Limit results 1 per page

Appendix A: Introduction to SAS

●

In parallel SCSI,

is the disk drive’s channel number,

is the target number, and

is the

logical unit number (LUN).

What are the SAS Connection Options?

You can connect end devices to each other through direct cable connections and through

backplane connections. When you use one or more expander devices (see

page 60

), you can

create large configurations.

Direct-Attach Connections

In a direct-attach connection, SAS or SATA disk drives are connected directly to a SAS

controller with SAS cables. One disk drive is connected to one SAS connector with one SAS

cable or multiple disk drives are connected to one SAS connector with one fan-out cable. The

figure on

page 30

shows an example of direct-attach connections.

The number of direct-connected disk drives is limited to the number of phys supported by the

SAS controller.

Note:

There may be multiple phys within a single connector. See

page 59

Backplane Connections

In a backplane connection, disk drives and SAS controllers are connected to and communicate

with each other through a system backplane. The figure on

page 30

shows an example of

backplane connections.

There are two types of backplane connections,

passive

and

active

. When connecting to either

backplane, it’s important to properly connect your disk drive LEDs in order to identify disk

drive conditions. See

About Your HostRAID Controller

on page 14

for your RAID controller

Activity LED connections and locations.

When connecting to a backplane, the Adaptec Storage Manager enables you to manage your

system disk drives, see

Next Steps

on page 33

The number of end devices is limited to the number of slots available on the backplane. For

example, the Adaptec S50 enclosure, which contains an expander, is a backplane connection

that supports up to 12 SAS or SATA disk drives.

Some backplanes support daisy-chain expansion to other backplanes. For example, you can

daisy-chain up to nine Adaptec S50 enclosures to a single SAS controller in a host system.

SAS Expander Connections

A SAS expander device literally expands the number of end devices that you can connect

together. Expander devices, typically embedded into a system backplane (see

page 30

), support

large configurations of SAS end devices, including SAS controllers and SAS and SATA disk

drives. With expander devices, you can build large and complex storage topologies.

There are two types of SAS expanders:

fanout expanders

and

edge expanders

. Each performs a

different role in a storage system. (For more information about how SAS expanders work, refer

to the STA Web site at

www.scsita.org

You can connect up to 128 SAS ports to an edge expander. (A single edge expander can

therefore support up to 128 SAS addresses.)