1994 Chevrolet Astro Owner's Manual - Page 159

Control of a Vehicle You have three systems that make your vehiclego where you want it to go. They are the brakes, the steering and the accelerator. All three systems have to do their work at the places wherethe tires meet the road. Sometimes, as when you're driving on snow or ice, it's easy to ask more of those control systems than the tires and road can provide. That means you can lose control of your vehicle. Braking Braking action involves perception time and reaction time. First, you have todecide to push on the brakepedal. That'sperception time. Then you have to bring up your foot and do it. That's reaction time. Average reaction time is about 314 of a second. But that's onlyan average. It might be less with one driver and as longas two or three seconds or more with another. Age, physical condition, alertness, coordination, and eyesight all play a part. So do alcohol, drugs and frustration. But even in 314 of a second, a vehicle moving at60 mph (100 km/h) travels 66 feet (20 m). That could be a lot of distance in an emergency, so keeping enough space between your vehicle and others is important. And, of course, actual stopping distances vary greatly with the surface of the road (whether it's pavement or gravel); the condition of the road (wet, dry, icy); tire tread; and the condition of your brakes. 4-5