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HP Neoware e140 Neoware Image Manager 4.6 User Manual - Page 30

Servers List, Using a Cluster of Servers, Technical Notes, SAN, NAS, RAID, SATA, etc.

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Overview of Neoware Image Manager Servers List Neoware Image Manager clients use an initialization file that the Image Manager boot loader loads and interprets to determine the server to contact from a list of servers. Neoware Image Manager clients can also use a specific DHCP option (DHCP Option 132) to determine the server to contact from a list of servers. Neoware Image Manager boot loader builds a list of the servers to contact from the initialization file and from DHCP Option 132. If the first server in this list does not answer, the client tries to contact the next server in the list, and so forth. If the client reaches the last server in its list and this server does not answer, it then tries the first server again. You can use Servers List and license files to achieve a form of loadbalancing. A server that has reached the maximum number of clients it can serve will refuse to serve a new client. Then a client that tries to boot off that server will fail and will try the next server. By tuning various different initialization files and/or DHCP options 132 and the license file for each server, you can balance the number of clients that connects to each server in your network. Using a Cluster of Servers Using a cluster of servers that are exposed to the outside world as a single IP address is a very good way to add fast recovery and high availability capabilities to the servers. Technical Notes • If a network cable is unplugged the session will not crash or 'blue-screen'. The desktop will wait for the network to return. • If the server fails, the client waits for the server to reboot. No data will be lost as long as the user does not shut down the client and the files on the server (especially CVol files) are free from error loss. • Neoware Image Manager provides support for various storage options. Hard disk images can be stored on IDE, SCSI, iSCSI, SAN, NAS, RAID, SATA, etc. 14 Technical Notes

Section	Page
Table of Contents	3
CHAPTER 1 Introduction	17
What is Neoware Image Manager?	17
About This Manual	18
Conventions	18
Overview of Contents	19
CHAPTER 2 Overview of Neoware Image Manager	23
Software Suite Components	23
How Neoware Image Manager Works	24
Neoware Image Manager Boot Process	25
Adding a New Desktop & Upgrading Hardware	27
Client Writing Modes	28
Normal Mode	28
Volatile Mode	28
Persistent Mode	29
Administrator Mode	29
High Availability & Fast System Recovery	29
Stateless NVD Protocol	29
Replacing Servers	29
Servers List	30
Using a Cluster of Servers	30
Technical Notes	30
Neoware Image Manager Licenses	31
Server Licenses	32
Client Package Licenses	32
Licenses Explained	32
Evaluation Version	33
CHAPTER 3 Installing Image Manager Components	35
System Requirements	35
Client Requirements	35
Server Requirements	36
Network Requirements	38
Installation Summary	39
Running the InstallShield Wizard	40
Image Manager Server Configuration	48
Disk Storage Required on Server	48
File Locations on the Server	48
Uninstalling Neoware Image Manager	51
Uninstall Procedure	51
Undoing Client Builder Changes on an HDD-based Configuration	54
CHAPTER 4 Creating a Client Image	55
Introduction	55
Using Client Builder	56
Testing the Image	70
Advanced Client Builder Options	71
CHAPTER 5 Enabling Clients to Access Images	75
TFTP & DHCP Server Configuration	75
Windows	75
Linux/FreeBSD	76
Testing the TFTP Service	76
DHCP Server Configuration	77
Client Configuration	78
Troubleshooting	79
CHAPTER 6 Assigning Volumes to Clients	81
Introduction	81
Running the Image Manager Console	81
Adding New Clients	83
Adding a New Group	84
Assigning a Volume to a Group	85
Creating or Modifying a Volume	86
Adding a Volume from Another Configuration File	89
Changing a Volume’s Write Mode	91
Modifying a Configuration File Currently Running	91
CHAPTER 7 Controlling the Use of Images & Volumes	95
The Image Configuration File	95
Client Volume Overlay Files	96
Location of CVol Files	97
Maximum Size of CVol Files	97
Volume Write Modes	98
Admin Mode	99
CVolwrite Mode	99
Normal Mode	99
Volatile Mode	100
Persistent Mode	100
CHAPTER 8 Adding Network Boot Devices to an Image	103
Overview	103
Before Using the UbiBoot Extractor & UbiBoot Inserter Tools	105
Extracting Boot Device Details	106
Inserting Boot Device Details into an Image	111
Testing the Image	117
CHAPTER 9 Building a Virtual Hard Disk to Boot any PC or TC	119
What is Neoware UbiBoot?	119
Installing Neoware UbiBoot	120
Potential Incompatibilities	121
Running Neoware UbiBoot	122
Using a UbiBoot Enabled Hard Disk	126
Learn to Use Unknown Hardware	126
Master HD for Building Images	126
Detecting New Hardware	127
Updating or Removing Drivers for Off-line Devices	128
Additional Uses for Neoware UbiBoot	129
Creating a Windows Installation that can Run Unknown Hardware	129
Creating a Windows Installation that can Run Heterogeneous Hardware	129
HAL Considerations	129
Mixing ACPI & Non-ACPI Computers	131
Mixing Unicore & Multicore (or multi-CPUs) Computers	131
HAL Selection	131
Choosing a Specific HAL at Windows Installation	131
Downgrading HAL After Windows Installation	132
Recommended HAL	133
HAL Related Resources	133
Windows Product Activation	134
UbiBoot & Microsoft SysPrep	134
UbiBoot Expiry Date	135
Troubleshooting	135
CHAPTER 10 Managing Local Hard Disk Access	139
Introduction	139
Using the Local HD Manager	139
CHAPTER 11 Windows Product Activation	143
Introduction	143
Product Activation Procedure	144
CHAPTER 12 Windows User Profiles	147
Domain Roaming Profiles	147
\	148
Folders Redirection	150
CHAPTER 13 Adding Clients & New Software	151
Adding a New Client	151
Modifying an HD Image to be Used by Several Clients	152
Using Admin Mode	152
Using the CVolMerge Tool	153
Managing & Updating Images Located at Multiple Remote Sites	157
Restoring a Virtual Volume to an Actual Hard Disk	160
CHAPTER 14 Adding Clients to Windows Domains	163
Introduction	163
How the Neoware Domain Wizard Works	163
Repository for Domain Credentials	164
Repository in a Server Directory	164
Repository in the System Partition	164
Repository in a Non-System Partition	165
Storing Domain Credentials in an NVDD Server Directory	167
Windows XP Professional Clients	167
Windows 2000 Professional Clients	175
Client Names	175
Adding a New Client to the Domain	175
Storing Domain Credentials on a Non-Volatile Drive	178
Client IP Addresses	184
Adding a New Client to the Domain	184
Do I Need to Reboot?	185
Storing Domain Credentials in the System Partition	186
Client Names	190
Adding a New Client to the Domain	190
CHAPTER 15 Merging Image & CVol Files	193
Introduction	193
Using the CVolCompactor Tool	194
Using the CVolMerge Tool	194
CHAPTER 16 The Image Manager Console	197
Introduction	197
Running the Image Manager Console	197
The Toolbar	199
The File Menu	200
The Edit Menu	200
The Tools Menu	201
The View Menu	202
The Help Menu	202
Displaying & Changing Properties	202
Client Properties	203
Group Properties	207
Volume Properties	208
Creating a Volume	209
The General Tab	209
The Parameters Tab	211
The CVol Tab	212
The Computers tab	213
The Allowed Computers Tab	214
Generic Options	215
The General Tab	215
The Directories Tab	217
The Executable Paths Tab	219
The Network Tab	221
The Authorized Subnets Tab	222
The Nvdd Manager	223
Merging Configuration Files	225
Password for Remote Administration	226
CHAPTER 17 The NVDD Configuration File	229
Introduction	229
The nvdd.smalldisk.vol.conf File	230
Configuration File Settings	233
IP Addresses & Port Numbers	233
Timing	234
Directory for Client Volumes	234
Directories for File Transfer	235
Directory for Binaries	235
Certificate File	237
Maximum Size of CVol Files	237
Computer Name Change Default	238
Flush Disk Buffers on Write	238
Number of Processing Units	239
Buffer Size	239
User Definitions	239
Client MAC Address	240
Computer Name Change	241
Volume Definitions	241
Volume ID & Name	241
Volume Geometry	242
Volume Type	242
Volume Integrity	243
Volume Write Mode	243
Directory for CVol Files	246
Cache Size	246
Allowed Clients	247
Group Definitions	247
Client Naming	249
Setting Client Name using NVD Protocol	249
Updating Client Name from Client	250
Enabling Client MultiBoot	251
Example nvdd.conf with Multi-Volume Support	254
CHAPTER 18 NVDD Server Administration	257
Introduction	257
Secured NVDAdmin Protocol	258
The NVDDAdmin Tool	258
NVDDAdmin Command Syntax	258
Command Examples	259
NVDDAdmin Commands	259
Considerations Related to File Operations	259
Considerations Related to put & get Commands	259
Conventions	260
Command Descriptions	260
CHAPTER 19 The mPXELdr Configuration File	267
Introduction	267
Contents & Syntax	269
Example mPXELdr .ini File	271
Keywords	272
The Include Keyword	272
The NVDServers Keyword	274
The BootMode Keyword	276
The VolSelectionTO Keyword	281
The PreBootPause Keyword	282
The ReQueryDHCP- Options Keyword	283
The NICRxTxQs Keyword	284
CHAPTER 20 Neoware Active Cloner	287
Introduction	287
Cloning a Partition	288
Example Cloning Procedures	289
Cloning Directly to an Attached Hard Disk	289
Cloning to a Network Shared Hard Disk	290
Cloning to Another Image Manager Virtual Hard Disk	291
Expert Options	292
Disable Options	292
Boot Options	293
Command Line Options	293
Error Messages	295
Could Not Copy a File	295
Client-Specific Settings on the Target System	295
CHAPTER 21 Virtualized Environments	297
VMWare Environment	297
Introduction	297
Streaming Disk Images to Virtual Machines	297
Provisioning VMs with Image Manager	300
Running Image Manager Server in a VM	300
Using Private Networks	300
Using Public & Private Networks	300
Performance & Storage Optimization	302
Image Consolidation	302
Limitations	302
Microsoft VirtualPC Virtual Server Environments	303
Enabling Network Boot	303
Other Virtualized Environments	304
APPENDIX A Upgrading Image Manager	305
Important	305
Upgrading from Previous Versions of Neoware Image Manager 4	305
Order of Upgrading Operations	305
Troubleshooting	307
APPENDIX B The TFTPD Installer	309
Introduction	309
Using the TFTPD Installer	310
Managing the TFTPD Service	311
APPENDIX C Configuring the DHCP Server	313
Introduction	313
Before Installing DHCP Server	313
Configuring the Server	314
Configuring DHCP	317
DHCP Reservations	328
Related Resources	331
APPENDIX D DHCP Reference	333
How Clients Locate the Image Manager Server	333
dhcpd.conf File Example	334
Native DHCP Options	335
Optional Subkeys & Values	338
Examples	340
NetBIOS Name for Clients	342
Windows DHCP Client	343
APPENDIX E Configuring NVDD as a Windows Service	345
Introduction	345
Installation Procedure	345
Using NVDD as a Service	349
Configuring NVDD Service Options	349
Uninstalling the Service	351
Changing Service Settings	351
APPENDIX F NVDD Reference	353
Introduction	353
Command Syntax	353
Verbose Mode	353
Port Number	354
Configuration File	354
Log File	354
No Lock File Check	354
APPENDIX G NVD.SYS Reference	357
Introduction	357
Parameters	357
IP Address	357
Port Number	357
Sectors Per Request	358
Shutdown Timeout	358
Boot Volume	358
Cache Size	358
Network Interfaces Binding	359
Domain Credentials Handling	359
APPENDIX H File Transfer	361
Introduction	361
Root Folder for File Transfers	361
APPENDIX I NVDD Temporary Files	363
The NVDD Configuration File	363
The nvdd.conf.LOCK File	364
USER_REP Files	364
How to Retrieve Restored Files	365
APPENDIX J Boot Process Comparison	367
APPENDIX K Troubleshooting	371
Technical Support	371
Check Versions	371
PXE	372
PXE Implementations	372
Etherboot	373
PXE Error File Not Found	373
Issues	373
Network Adapters	374
VIA Rhine Family	374
Servers with Several Network Adapters	375
Volumes	375
Multi-Volume Windows 2000 Clients	375
ACPI	376
Stand By & Hibernation	376
Shutdown & Reboot	376
NVD.SYS Shutdown Delay	376
Windows 2000 Without the Latest Service Pack	377
Startup	377
Clients Using Intel i810 Chipset Under Windows 2000	377
Inaccessible Boot Device	377
Boot Process Stuck	378
Global Performances	378
Single Client Running Slowly	378
Number of Sectors Per Read/Write Request	378
Network Facilities	379
Global Connectivity	379
1000BT/100BT Ethernet Switches	379
Operations on Virtual Volumes	380
Delayed Write Failed or Disk Full Error in Client OS	380
Delayed Write Failed Warnings	381
Large File Support on Linux 2.2	384
Error When Opening a Large Volume	384
Computer SIDs	384
Limitations	385
Data Transfer During Single Client Boot-up	385
Maximum Clients Attached to a Single Server	385
Clients Booting Same Images on Several Servers	387
Maximum Number of Applications Run from an Image	387
Recommended Network Configuration	388
APPENDIX L Copyright Notices & License Terms	391
Patents	391
Third Parties Copyrights	391
Software Copyrighted by Aladdin Enterprises	391
Software Copyrighted by Paul Kocher	392
Software Copyrighted by Brian Gladman	392
Software Copyrighted by Lukas Gebauer	393
Software Copyrighted by Jordan Russell	395