HP 6125XLG R2306-HP 6125XLG Blade Switch Layer 3 - IP Routing Configuration Gu - Page 178
MP-BGP, MP-BGP extended attributes
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• Confederation Confederation is another method to manage growing IBGP connections in an AS. It splits an AS into multiple sub-ASs. In each sub-AS, IBGP peers are fully meshed. As shown in Figure 52, intra-confederation EBGP connections are established between sub-ASs in AS 200. Figure 52 Confederation network diagram A non-confederation BGP speaker does not need to know sub-ASs in the confederation. It considers the confederation as one AS, and the confederation ID as the AS number. In the above figure, AS 200 is the confederation ID. Confederation has a deficiency. When you change an AS into a confederation, you must reconfigure the routers, and the topology will be changed. In large-scale BGP networks, you can use both route reflector and confederation. MP-BGP BGP-4 carries only IPv4 unicast routing information. IETF extended BGP-4 by introducing Multiprotocol Extensions for BGP-4 (MP-BGP). MP-BGP can carry routing information for multiple address families, including IPv4 multicast, IPv6 unicast, and IPv6 multicast. MP-BGP is backward compatible with BGP. MP-BGP extended attributes Prefixes and next hops are key routing information. BGP-4 uses update messages to carry feasible route prefixes in the Network Layer Reachability Information (NLRI) field, unfeasible route prefixes in the withdrawn routes field, and next hops in the NEXT_HOP attribute. These attributes cannot carry routing information for multiple network layer protocols. To support multiple network layer protocols, MP-BGP defines the following path attributes: • MP_REACH_NLRI-Carries feasible route prefixes and next hops for multiple network layer protocols. • MP_UNREACH_NLRI-Carries unfeasible route prefixes for multiple network layer protocols. 167
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