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NAT Definitions, 10.6.2 What NAT Does, Table 26

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Chapter 10 Network Address Translation (NAT) 10.6.1 NAT Definitions Inside/outside denotes where a host is located relative to the P-660RU-Tx, for example, the computers of your subscribers are the inside hosts, while the web servers on the Internet are the outside hosts. Public/local denotes the IP address of a host in a packet as the packet traverses a router, for example, the local address refers to the IP address of a host when the packet is in the local network, while the public address refers to the IP address of the host when the same packet is traveling in the WAN side. Note that inside/outside refers to the location of a host, while public/local refers to the IP address of a host used in a packet. Thus, an inside local address is the IP address of an inside host in a packet when the packet is still in the local network, while an inside public address is the IP address of the same inside host when the packet is on the WAN side. The following table summarizes this information. Table 26 NAT Definitions ITEM DESCRIPTION Inside This refers to the host on the LAN. Outside This refers to the host on the WAN. Local This refers to the packet address (source or destination) as the packet travels on the LAN. Public This refers to the packet address (source or destination) as the packet travels on the WAN. NAT never changes the IP address (either local or public) of an outside host. 10.6.2 What NAT Does In the simplest form, NAT changes the source IP address in a packet received from a subscriber (the inside local address) to another (the inside public address) before forwarding the packet to the WAN side. When the response comes back, NAT translates the destination address (the inside public address) back to the inside local address before forwarding it to the original inside host. Note that the IP address (either local or public) of an outside host is never changed. The public IP addresses for the inside hosts can be either static or dynamically assigned by the ISP. In addition, you can designate servers, for example, a web server and a telnet server, on your local network and make them accessible to the outside world. If you do not define any servers, NAT offers the additional benefit of firewall protection. With no servers defined, your P-660RU-Tx filters out all incoming inquiries, thus preventing intruders from probing your network. 98 P-660RU-Tx User's Guide

Section	Page
P-660RU-Tx	1
About This User's Guide	3
Document Conventions	6
Safety Warnings	8
Contents Overview	9
Table of Contents	11
List of Figures	17
List of Tables	21
User’s Guide	23
Introducing the P-660RU-Tx	25
1.1 Overview	25
1.2 Ways to Manage the P-660RU-Tx	25
1.3 Good Habits for Managing the P-660RU-Tx	26
1.4 Applications for the P-660RU-Tx	26
1.4.1 Internet Access	27
1.5 LEDs (Lights)	28
1.6 The RESET Button	29
1.6.1 Using the Reset Button	29
1.7 USB Port	29
1.7.1 Installing the USB Driver in Windows	30
1.7.2 Verifying Your USB Installation	34
Introducing the Web Configurator	37
2.1 Overview	37
2.1.1 Accessing the Web Configurator	37
2.2 Web Configurator Main Screen	38
2.2.1 Navigation Panel	39
2.2.2 Main Window	40
Status	41
Device Information	43
3.1 Overview	43
3.2 The Device Info Screen	43
System Logs	47
4.1 Overview	47
4.2 The System Log Screen	47
Traffic Statistics	49
5.1 Overview	49
5.2 The Statistics Screen	49
Quick Start Wizard	51
6.1 Overview	51
6.2 Quick Start Wizard	51
Internet Setup	59
7.1 Overview	59
7.1.1 What You Can Do in the Internet Screens	59
7.1.2 What You Need to Know About ADSL Internet Access	59
7.1.3 Before You Begin	61
7.2 The Internet Screen	62
7.2.1 Dynamic IP Address	63
7.2.2 Static IP Address	65
7.2.3 PPPoA/PPPoE	67
7.2.4 Bridge Mode	69
7.2.5 The PVCs Summary Screen	70
7.3 WAN Technical Reference	70
7.3.1 Encapsulation	70
7.3.2 Multiplexing	71
7.3.3 VPI and VCI	72
7.3.4 IP Address Assignment	72
7.3.5 Always-On Connection (PPP)	72
7.3.6 ATM QoS	73
7.3.7 ATM Traffic Classes	74
LAN Setup	75
8.1 Overview	75
8.1.1 What You Can Do in the LAN Screens	75
8.1.2 What You Need To Know About LAN	75
8.2 The LAN Screen	77
8.2.1 The DHCP IP Pool Summary Screen	79
8.3 LAN Technical Reference	79
8.3.1 LANs, WANs and the ZyXEL Device	80
8.3.2 DHCP Setup	80
8.3.3 DNS Server Addresses	80
8.3.4 LAN TCP/IP	81
8.3.5 RIP Setup	82
8.3.6 Multicast	83
Static Route	85
9.1 Overview	85
9.1.1 What You Can Do in the Static Route Screens	85
9.2 The Routing Table List Screen	86
9.2.1 The Static Route Screen	87
Network Address Translation (NAT)	89
10.1 Overview	89
10.1.1 What You Can Do in the NAT Screens	89
10.1.2 What You Need To Know About NAT	89
10.2 The NAT Screen	91
10.3 The DMZ Screen	91
10.4 The Virtual Server Screen	92
10.4.1 Configuring Servers Behind Port Forwarding (Example)	93
10.4.2 Configuring the Virtual Server Screen	94
10.5 The IP Address Mapping Screen	95
10.6 NAT Technical Reference	97
10.6.1 NAT Definitions	98
10.6.2 What NAT Does	98
10.6.3 How NAT Works	99
Quality of Service (QoS)	101
11.1 Overview	101
11.1.1 What You Can Do in the QoS Screens	102
11.1.2 What You Need to Know About QoS	102
11.2 The QoS Screen	103
11.2.1 The QoS Settings Summary Screen	105
11.3 QoS Technical Reference	106
11.3.1 IEEE 802.1p	106
11.3.2 IP Precedence	107
11.3.3 Automatic Priority Queue Assignment	107
ADSL	109
12.1 Overview	109
12.2 The ADSL Screen	109
Firewall	111
13.1 Overview	111
13.1.1 What You Can Do in the Firewall Screens	111
13.1.2 What You Need to Know About Firewall	111
13.2 The Firewall Screen	112
Access Control	115
14.1 Access Control Overview	115
14.1.1 The Access Control Setup Screen	115
14.1.2 Access Control Interfaces	115
14.1.3 System Timeout	116
14.1.4 Configuring the Access Control Setup Screen	116
Filters	119
15.1 Overview	119
15.1.1 What You Can Do in the Filter Screens	119
15.1.2 What You Need to Know About Filtering	119
15.2 The IP/MAC Filter Screen	120
15.3 The Application Filter Screen	122
15.4 The URL Filter Screen	123
SNMP	125
16.1 Overview	125
16.1.1 Supported MIBs	126
16.2 The SNMP Screen	126
Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP)	127
17.1 Overview	127
17.1.1 What You Can Do in the UPnP Screen	127
17.1.2 What You Need to Know About UPnP	127
17.2 The UPnP Screen	128
17.3 Installing UPnP in Windows Example	130
17.4 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example	133
Dynamic DNS Setup	141
18.1 Overview	141
18.1.1 What You Can Do in the DDNS Screen	141
18.1.2 What You Need To Know About DDNS	141
18.2 The Dynamic DNS Screen	142
CWMP	143
19.1 Overview	143
19.2 The CWMP Setup Screen	144
Administrator Settings	147
20.1 Overview	147
20.2 The Administrator Screen	147
Time Zone	149
21.1 Overview	149
21.2 The Time Zone Screen	149
Firmware	151
22.1 Overview	151
22.1.1 What You Need To Know About Firmware	151
22.1.2 Before You Begin	152
22.1.3 Firmware and Configuration Files Examples	153
22.2 The Firmware Screen	157
System Restart	159
23.1 Overview	159
23.2 The System Restart Screen	159
Diagnostic	161
24.1 Overview	161
24.2 The Diagnostic Screen	161
Troubleshooting	163
25.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs	163
25.2 P-660RU-Tx Access and Login	164
25.3 Internet Access	166
Product Specifications	169
26.1 Hardware Specifications	169
26.2 Firmware Specifications	169
26.3 Power Adaptor Specifications	173
Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address	175
Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions	199
IP Addresses and Subnetting	209
Services	219
Legal Information	223
Customer Support	225

Match case Limit results 1 per page

Chapter 10 Network Address Translation (NAT)

P-660RU-Tx User’s Guide

10.6.1

NAT Definitions

Inside/outside denotes where a host is located relative to the P-660RU-Tx, for

example, the computers of your subscribers are the inside hosts, while the web

servers on the Internet are the outside hosts.

Public/local denotes the IP address of a host in a packet as the packet traverses a

router, for example, the local address refers to the IP address of a host when the

packet is in the local network, while the public address refers to the IP address of

the host when the same packet is traveling in the WAN side.

Note that inside/outside refers to the location of a host, while public/local refers to

the IP address of a host used in a packet. Thus, an inside local address is the IP

address of an inside host in a packet when the packet is still in the local network,

while an inside public address is the IP address of the same inside host when the

packet is on the WAN side. The following table summarizes this information.

NAT never changes the IP address (either local or public) of an outside host.

10.6.2

What NAT Does

In the simplest form, NAT changes the source IP address in a packet received from

a subscriber (the inside local address) to another (the inside public address)

before forwarding the packet to the WAN side. When the response comes back,

NAT translates the destination address (the inside public address) back to the

inside local address before forwarding it to the original inside host. Note that the

IP address (either local or public) of an outside host is never changed.

The public IP addresses for the inside hosts can be either static or dynamically

assigned by the ISP. In addition, you can designate servers, for example, a web

server and a telnet server, on your local network and make them accessible to the

outside world. If you do not define any servers, NAT offers the additional benefit of

firewall protection. With no servers defined, your P-660RU-Tx filters out all

incoming inquiries, thus preventing intruders from probing your network.

Table 26

NAT Definitions

ITEM

DESCRIPTION

Inside

This refers to the host on the LAN.

Outside

This refers to the host on the WAN.

Local

This refers to the packet address (source or destination) as the packet travels

on the LAN.

Public

This refers to the packet address (source or destination) as the packet travels

on the WAN.