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Using an External Authentication Server, Configuring IEEE 802.1X Security on a Client

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D-Link Unified Access Point Administrator's Guide Using an External Authentication Server The 802.1X and WPA Enterprise security modes require an external authentication server. Network security configurations including Public Key Infrastructures (PKI), Remote Authentication Dial-in User Server (RADIUS) servers, and Certificate Authority (CA) can vary a great deal from one organization to the next in terms of how they provide Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA). Ultimately, your network infrastructure determines how clients should configure security to access the wireless network. This appendix provides general guidelines about each type of client configuration supported by the Unified Access Point and does not attempt to describe every network configuration or scenario. This appendix assumes that you know how to configure client security options appropriate to your security infrastructure beyond the fundamental suggestions given here. Topics covered here that particularly relate to client security configuration in a RADIUS - PKI environment are: • IEEE 802.1X Client Using EAP/TLS Certificate • WPA/WPA2 Enterprise (RADIUS) Client Using EAP-TLS Certificate • Configuring the RADIUS Server for Authentication • Obtaining a TLS-EAP Certificate for a Client This appendix does not describe how to configure an EAP-PEAP client with a RADIUS server. Configuring IEEE 802.1X Security on a Client IEEE 802.1X is the standard defining port-based authentication and infrastructure for doing key management. Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) messages sent over an IEEE 802.11 wireless network using a protocol called EAP Encapsulation Over LANs (EAPOL). IEEE 802.1X provides dynamically-generated keys that are periodically refreshed. An RC4 stream cipher is used to encrypt the frame body and cyclic redundancy checking (CRC) of each 802.11 frame. IEEE 802.1X Client Using EAP/TLS Certificate Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) Transport Layer Security (TLS), or EAP-TLS, is an authentication protocol that supports the use of smart cards and certificates. You have the option of using EAP-TLS with both WPA/WPA2 Enterprise (RADIUS) and IEEE 802.1X modes if you have an external RADIUS server on the network to support it. To use IEEE 802.1X mode with EAP-TLS certificates for authentication and authorization of clients, you must have an external RADIUS server and a Public Key Authority Infrastructure (PKI), including a Certificate Authority (CA), server configured on your network. It is beyond the scope of this document to describe these configuration of the RADIUS server, PKI, and CA server. Consult the documentation for those products. For more information about Microsoft Windows PKI software, see the Microsoft Web site: http://support.microsoft.com. 108 © 2001-2008 D-Link Corporation. All Rights Reserved.

Section	Page
Unified Access Point (AP) Administrator’s Guide	1
Table of Contents	3
List of Figures	7
List of Tables	9
About This Document	11
Document Organization	11
Audience	11
Document Conventions	11
Online Help, Supported Browsers, and Limitations	12
Overview of the D-Link Access Point	15
Features and Benefits	16
IEEE Standards Support	16
Wireless Features	16
Security Features	17
Networking	17
Maintainability	17
Access Point Hardware	18
Preparing to Install the Access Point	19
Default Settings for the Unified Access Points	19
Administrator’s Computer Requirements	21
Wireless Client Requirements	22
Dynamic and Static IP Addressing on the AP	23
Recovering an IP Address	23
Discovering a Dynamically Assigned IP Address	23
Using the Reset Button	23
Installing the Access Point	25
Installing the Unified Access Point	25
Viewing Basic Settings	29
Using the CLI to View the IP Address	30
Configuring the Ethernet Interface	31
Using the Web UI to configure Ethernet Settings	31
Using the CLI to Configure Ethernet Settings	33
Configuring IEEE 802.1X Authentication	34
Using the Web UI to Configure 802.1X Authentication Information	35
Using the CLI to Configure 802.1X Authentication Information	36
Verifying the Installation	36
Configuring Access Point Security	39
Understanding Security on Wireless Networks	39
Choosing a Security Mode	39
Comparing Security Modes	40
When to Use Unencrypted (No Security)	40
When to Use Static WEP	40
When to Use IEEE 802.1X	41
When to Use WPA Personal	42
When to Use WPA Enterprise	42
Enabling Station Isolation	43
Configuring Virtual Access Point Security	43
None (Plain-text)	45
Static WEP	45
Static WEP Rules	48
Example of Using Static WEP	48
IEEE 802.1X	49
WPA Personal	50
WPA Enterprise	52
Prohibiting the SSID Broadcast	53
Managing the Access Point	55
Setting the Wireless Interface	55
Using the 802.11h Wireless Mode	57
Configuring Radio Settings	58
Configuring Virtual Access Points	62
Controlling Access by MAC Authentication	66
Configuring a MAC Filter List on the AP	66
Configuring MAC Authentication on the RADIUS Server	67
Configuring Load Balancing	68
Configuring Access Point Services	69
Configuring Quality of Service (QoS)	69
Understanding QoS	69
QoS and Load Balancing	69
802.11e and WMM Standards Support	70
QoS Queues and Parameters to Coordinate Traffic Flow	70
QoS Queues and Diff-Serve Code Points (DSCP) on Packets	70
EDCF Control of Data Frames and Arbitration Interframe Spaces	71
Random Backoff and Minimum / Maximum Contention Windows	72
Packet Bursting for Better Performance	73
Transmission Opportunity (TXOP) Interval for Client Stations	73
802.1p and DSCP tags	73
Configuring QoS Settings	75
Enabling the Network Time Protocol Server	79
Enabling or Disabling a Network Time Protocol (NTP) Server	80
Maintaining the Access Point	81
Managing the Configuration File	81
Resetting the Factory Default Configuration	82
Saving the Current Configuration to a Backup File	83
Restoring the Configuration from a Previously Saved File	83
Rebooting the Access Point	85
Upgrading the Firmware	85
Configuring the Access Point for Managed Mode	87
Transitioning Between Modes	87
Configuring Managed Access Point Settings	88
Viewing Managed AP DHCP Information	89
Viewing Access Point Status	91
Viewing Interface Status	91
Ethernet (Wired) Settings	92
Wireless Settings	92
Viewing Events Logs	92
Configuring Persistent Logging Options	93
Configuring the Log Relay Host for Kernel Messages	94
Example of Using Linux syslogd	94
Enabling or Disabling the Log Relay Host on the Events Page	95
Viewing Transmit and Receive Statistics	95
Viewing Client Association Information	97
Link Integrity Monitoring	98
Viewing Neighboring Access Points	98
Wireless Client Settings and RADIUS Server Setup	101
Accessing Wireless Client Security Settings	102
Configuring a Client to Access an Unsecure Network	104
Configuring Static WEP Security on a Client	104
Configuring WPA/WPA2 Personal on a Client	106
Using an External Authentication Server	108
Configuring IEEE 802.1X Security on a Client	108
IEEE 802.1X Client Using EAP/TLS Certificate	108
Configuring WPA/WPA2 Enterprise (RADIUS)	111
WPA/WPA2 Enterprise (RADIUS) Client Using EAP/PEAP	111
WPA/WPA2 Enterprise (RADIUS) Client Using EAP-TLS Certificate	113
Configuring the RADIUS Server for Authentication	116
Obtaining a TLS-EAP Certificate for a Client	119
Configuring the RADIUS Server for VLAN Tags	122
CLI for AP Configuration	125
How to Access the Access Point CLI	125
Telnet Connection to the AP	125
SSH Connection to the AP	126
Commands and Syntax	127
Using the get Command	128
Using the set Command	128
Using the add Command	129
Using the remove Command	129
Additional CLI Commands	130
Getting Help on Commands at the CLI	130
Tab Completion	130
Keyboard Shortcuts	131
Interface Naming Conventions	132
Saving Configuration Changes	133
Access Point CLI Commands	134
Configuring Basic Settings	134
Status	135
Ethernet Settings	136
Wireless Interface	137
Radio Settings	138
Virtual Access Points	139
Set Security to Static WEP	140
Set Security to IEEE 802.1X	142
Set Security to WPA/WPA2 Personal (PSK)	143
Set Security to WPA/WPA2 Enterprise (RADIUS)	144
Managed Access Point	146
IEEE 802.1X Supplicant Authentication	147
Quality of Service	147
Time	149
System Management	150
CLI Classes and Properties Reference	150

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108

D-Link Unified Access Point Administrator’s Guide

Using an External Authentication Server

The 802.1X and WPA Enterprise security modes require an external authentication server.

Network security configurations including Public Key Infrastructures (PKI), Remote

Authentication Dial-in User Server (RADIUS) servers, and Certificate Authority (CA) can

vary a great deal from one organization to the next in terms of how they provide

Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA). Ultimately, your network

infrastructure determines how clients should configure security to access the wireless network.

This appendix provides general guidelines about each type of client configuration supported

by the Unified Access Point and does not attempt to describe every network configuration or

scenario.

This appendix assumes that you know how to configure client security options appropriate to

your security infrastructure beyond the fundamental suggestions given here. Topics covered

here that particularly relate to client security configuration in a RADIUS - PKI environment

are:

•

IEEE 802.1X Client Using EAP/TLS Certificate

•

WPA/WPA2 Enterprise (RADIUS) Client Using EAP-TLS Certificate

•

Configuring the RADIUS Server for Authentication

•

Obtaining a TLS-EAP Certificate for a Client

This appendix does not describe how to configure an EAP-PEAP client with a RADIUS

server.

Configuring IEEE 802.1X Security on a Client

IEEE 802.1X is the standard defining port-based authentication and infrastructure for doing

key management. Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) messages sent over an IEEE

802.11 wireless network using a protocol called EAP Encapsulation Over LANs (EAPOL).

IEEE 802.1X provides dynamically-generated keys that are periodically refreshed. An RC4

stream cipher is used to encrypt the frame body and cyclic redundancy checking (CRC) of

each 802.11 frame.

IEEE 802.1X Client Using EAP/TLS Certificate

Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) Transport Layer Security (TLS), or EAP-TLS, is an

authentication protocol that supports the use of smart cards and certificates. You have the

option of using EAP-TLS with both WPA/WPA2 Enterprise (RADIUS) and IEEE 802.1X

modes if you have an external RADIUS server on the network to support it.

To use IEEE 802.1X mode with EAP-TLS certificates for authentication and authorization of

clients, you must have an external RADIUS server and a Public Key Authority Infrastructure

(PKI), including a Certificate Authority (CA), server configured on your network. It is beyond

the scope of this document to describe these configuration of the RADIUS server, PKI, and

CA server. Consult the documentation for those products.

For more information about Microsoft Windows PKI software, see the Microsoft Web site:

http://support.microsoft.com