D-Link DWL-8500AP Product Manual - Page 163

Packet Loss, Port Forwarding, PPPoE, Proxy, Public Key, Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet

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Glossary inspected by each node. The node to which it is addressed is the ultimate recipient. Packet Loss Packet Loss describes the percentage of packets transmitted over the network that did not reach their intended destination. A 0 percent package loss indicates no packets were lost in transmission. QoS features are designed to minimize packet loss. PHY The Physical Layer (PHY) is the lowest layer in the network layer model (see OSI). The Physical Layer conveys the bit stream - electrical impulse, light or radio signal -- through the network at the electrical and mechanical level. It provides the hardware means of sending and receiving data on a medium, including defining cables, NICs, and physical aspects. Ethernet and the 802.11 family are protocols with physical layer components. PID The Process Identifier (PID) is an integer used by Linux to uniquely identify a process. A PID is returned by the fork() system call. It can be used by wait() or kill() to perform actions on the given process. Port Forwarding Port Forwarding creates a 'tunnel' through a firewall, allowing users on the Internet access to a service running on one of the computers on your LAN, for example, a Web server, an FTP or SSH server, or other services. From the outside user's point of view, it looks like the service is running on the firewall. PPP The Point-to-Point Protocol is a standard for transmitting network layer datagrams (IP packets) over serial point-to-point links. PPP is designed to operate both over asynchronous connections and bitoriented synchronous systems. PPPoE Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) is a specification for connecting the users on a LAN to the Internet through a common broadband medium, such as a single DSL or cable modem line. PPtP Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPtP) is a technology for creating a Virtual Private Network (VPN) within the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP). It is used to ensure that data transmitted from one VPN node to another are secure. Proxy A proxy is server located between a client application and a real server. It intercepts requests, attempting to fulfill them itself. If it cannot, it forwards them to the real server. Proxy servers have two main purposes: improve performance by spreading requests over several machines and filter requests to prevent access to specific servers or services. PSK Pre-Shared Key (PSK), see Shared Key. Public Key A public key is used in public key cryptography to encrypt a message which can only be decrypted with the recipient's private or secret key. Public key encryption is also called asymmetric encryption, because it uses two keys, or Diffie-Hellman encryption. Also see Shared Key. Q QoS Quality of Service (QoS) defines the performance properties of a network service, including guaranteed throughput, transit delay, and priority queues. QoS is designed to minimize Latency, Jitter, Packet Loss, and network congestion, and provide a way of allocating dedicated bandwidth for high priority network traffic. The IEEE standard for implementing QoS on wireless networks is currently in-work by the 163

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Glossary
163
inspected by each node. The node to which it is
addressed is the ultimate recipient.
Packet Loss
Packet Loss
describes the percentage of packets
transmitted over the network that did not reach their
intended destination. A 0 percent package loss
indicates no packets were lost in transmission.
QoS
features are designed to minimize packet loss.
PHY
The Physical Layer (PHY) is the lowest layer in the
network layer model (see
OSI
). The Physical Layer
conveys the bit stream - electrical impulse, light or
radio signal -- through the network at the electrical
and mechanical level. It provides the hardware
means of sending and receiving data on a medium,
including defining cables,
NIC
s, and physical
aspects.
Ethernet
and the
802.11
family are protocols with
physical layer components.
PID
The
Process Identifier
(PID) is an integer used by
Linux to uniquely identify a process. A PID is
returned by the
fork()
system call. It can be used by
wait()
or
kill()
to perform actions on the given
process.
Port Forwarding
Port Forwarding
creates a ‘tunnel’ through a
firewall, allowing users on the Internet access to a
service running on one of the computers on your
LAN
, for example, a Web server, an FTP or SSH
server, or other services. From the outside user’s
point of view, it looks like the service is running on
the firewall.
PPP
The
Point-to-Point Protocol
is a standard for
transmitting network layer datagrams (
IP
packets)
over serial point-to-point links. PPP is designed to
operate both over asynchronous connections and bit-
oriented synchronous systems.
PPPoE
Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet
(PPPoE) is a
specification for connecting the users on a
LAN
to
the Internet through a common broadband medium,
such as a single DSL or cable modem line.
PPtP
Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol
(PPtP) is a
technology for creating a
Virtual Private Network
(
VPN
) within the
Point-to-Point Protocol
(
PPP
). It is
used to ensure that data transmitted from one VPN
node to another are secure.
Proxy
A
proxy
is server located between a client application
and a real server. It intercepts requests, attempting to
fulfill them itself. If it cannot, it forwards them to the
real server. Proxy servers have two main purposes:
improve performance by spreading requests over
several machines and filter requests to prevent access
to specific servers or services.
PSK
Pre-Shared Key
(PSK), see
Shared Key
.
Public Key
A
public key
is used in public key cryptography to
encrypt a message which can only be decrypted with
the recipient's private or secret key. Public key
encryption is also called asymmetric encryption,
because it uses two keys, or Diffie-Hellman
encryption. Also see
Shared Key
.
Q
QoS
Quality of Service (QoS) defines the performance
properties of a network service, including guaranteed
throughput, transit delay, and priority queues. QoS is
designed to minimize
Latency
,
Jitter
,
Packet Loss
,
and network congestion, and provide a way of
allocating dedicated bandwidth for high priority
network traffic.
The
IEEE
standard for implementing QoS on
wireless networks is currently in-work by the