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Network Address Translation NAT - port forwarding

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CHAPTER 14 Network Address Translation (NAT) 14.1 Overview NAT (Network Address Translation - NAT, RFC 1631) is the translation of the IP address of a host in a packet. For example, the source address of an outgoing packet, used within one network is changed to a different IP address known within another network. Each packet has two addresses - a source address and a destination address. For outgoing packets, NAT maps private (local) IP addresses to globally unique ones required for communication with hosts on other networks. It replaces the original IP source address in each packet and then forwards it to the Internet. The Router keeps track of the original addresses and port numbers so incoming reply packets can have their original values restored. The following figure illustrates this. Figure 82 NAT Example For more information on IP address translation, refer to RFC 1631, The IP Network Address Translator (NAT). 14.2 What You Can Do • Use the General screen (Section 14.3 on page 118) to enable NAT and set a default server. • Use the Application screen (Section 14.4 on page 118) o forward incoming service requests to the server(s) on your local network. • Use the Advanced screen (Section 14.5 on page 120) to change your Router's trigger port settings. NBG6503 User's Guide 117

Section	Page
NBG6503	1
Contents Overview	3
Table of Contents	5
User’s Guide	13
Getting to Know Your Router	15
1.1 Overview	15
1.2 Applications	15
1.3 Ways to Manage the Router	15
1.4 Good Habits for Managing the Router	16
1.5 LEDs	17
1.6 The WPS Button	18
1.7 Wall Mounting	18
Connection Wizard	21
2.1 Overview	21
2.2 Accessing the Wizard	21
2.3 Connect to Internet	22
2.3.1 Connection Type: DHCP	23
2.3.2 Connection Type: Static IP	23
2.3.3 Connection Type: PPPoE	24
2.3.4 Connection Type: PPTP	25
2.4 Router Password	27
2.5 Wireless Security	27
2.5.1 Wireless Security: No Security	27
2.5.2 Wireless Security: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK	28
Introducing the Web Configurator	31
3.1 Overview	31
3.2 Accessing the Web Configurator	31
3.2.1 Login Screen	31
3.2.2 Password Screen	32
3.2.3 Home Screen	33
3.3 Resetting the Router	35
3.3.1 Procedure to Use the Reset Button	35
Monitor	37
4.1 Overview	37
4.2 What You Can Do	37
4.3 The Log Screen	37
4.3.1 View Log	37
4.4 BW MGMT Monitor	39
4.5 DHCP Table	39
4.6 Packet Statistics	40
4.7 WLAN 2.4G Station Status	41
4.8 WLAN 5G Station Status	41
Router Modes	43
5.1 Overview	43
5.1.1 Web Configurator Modes	43
5.1.2 Device Modes	43
Easy Mode	45
6.1 Overview	45
6.2 What You Can Do	46
6.3 What You Need to Know	46
6.4 Navigation Panel	47
6.5 Network Map	47
6.6 Control Panel	48
6.6.1 Game Engine	49
6.6.2 Power Saving	49
6.6.3 Content Filter	51
6.6.4 Bandwidth MGMT	51
6.6.5 Firewall	52
6.6.6 Wireless Security	52
6.6.7 WPS	54
6.7 Status Screen in Easy Mode	55
Router Mode	57
7.1 Overview	57
7.2 What You Can Do	57
7.3 Status Screen	58
7.3.1 Navigation Panel	61
Access Point Mode	65
8.1 Overview	65
8.2 What You Can Do	65
8.3 What You Need to Know	65
8.3.1 Setting your Router to AP Mode	66
8.3.2 Accessing the Web Configurator in Access Point Mode	66
8.3.3 Configuring your WLAN, Bandwidth Management and Maintenance Settings	67
8.4 AP Mode Status Screen	68
8.5 LAN Screen	70
Tutorials	73
9.1 Overview	73
9.2 Connecting to the Internet from an Access Point	73
9.3 Configuring Wireless Security Using WPS	73
9.3.1 Push Button Configuration (PBC)	74
9.3.2 PIN Configuration	75
9.4 Enabling and Configuring Wireless Security (No WPS)	77
9.4.1 Configure Your Notebook	78
Technical Reference	81
Wireless LAN	83
10.1 Overview	83
10.2 What You Can Do	83
10.3 What You Should Know	84
10.3.1 Wireless Security Overview	84
10.4 General Wireless LAN 2.4G/5G Screen	86
10.4.1 No Security	87
10.4.2 WEP Encryption	88
10.4.3 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK	90
10.5 MAC Filter	90
10.6 Wireless LAN Advanced Screen	91
10.7 Quality of Service (QoS) Screen	93
10.8 WPS Screen	94
10.9 WPS Station Screen	95
10.10 Scheduling Screen	96
10.11 WDS Screen	97
WAN	99
11.1 Overview	99
11.2 What You Can Do	99
11.3 What You Need To Know	99
11.3.1 Configuring Your Internet Connection	100
11.3.2 Multicast	101
11.4 Internet Connection	102
11.4.1 Ethernet Encapsulation	102
11.4.2 PPPoE Encapsulation	103
11.4.3 PPTP Encapsulation	105
11.5 Advanced WAN Screen	108
LAN	109
12.1 Overview	109
12.2 What You Can Do	109
12.3 What You Need To Know	110
12.3.1 IP Pool Setup	110
12.3.2 LAN TCP/IP	110
12.3.3 IP Alias	110
12.4 LAN IP Screen	111
12.5 IP Alias Screen	111
DHCP Server	113
13.1 Overview	113
13.2 What You Can Do	113
13.3 General Screen	113
13.4 Advanced Screen	114
Network Address Translation (NAT)	117
14.1 Overview	117
14.2 What You Can Do	117
14.3 General NAT Screen	118
14.4 NAT Application Screen	118
14.5 NAT Advanced Screen	120
14.5.1 Trigger Port Forwarding Example	122
14.5.2 Two Points To Remember About Trigger Ports	122
Dynamic DNS	123
15.1 Overview	123
15.2 What You Can Do	123
15.3 What You Need To Know	123
15.4 Dynamic DNS Screen	123
Static Route	125
16.1 Overview	125
16.2 What You Can Do	125
16.3 IP Static Route Screen	126
Firewall	129
17.1 Overview	129
17.2 What You Can Do	129
17.3 What You Need To Know	130
17.4 General Firewall Screen	130
17.5 Services Screen	131
Content Filter	133
18.1 Overview	133
18.2 What You Can Do	133
18.3 What You Need To Know	133
18.3.1 Content Filtering Profiles	133
18.4 Content Filter Screen	134
Bandwidth Management	137
19.1 Overview	137
19.2 What You Can Do	137
19.3 What You Need To Know	138
19.4 General Screen	138
19.5 Advanced Screen	138
19.5.1 Rule Configuration: Application Rule Configuration	141
19.5.2 Rule Configuration: User Defined Service Rule Configuration	142
19.6 Monitor Screen	143
19.6.1 Predefined Bandwidth Management Services	143
Remote Management	145
20.1 Overview	145
20.2 What You Can Do	145
20.3 What You Need to Know	145
20.3.1 Remote Management and NAT	145
20.3.2 System Timeout	146
20.4 WWW Screen	146
Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP)	147
21.1 Overview	147
21.2 What You Can Do	147
21.3 What You Need to Know	147
21.3.1 NAT Traversal	147
21.3.2 Cautions with UPnP	148
21.4 UPnP Screen	148
21.5 Technical Refereance	148
21.5.1 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example	148
21.5.2 Web Configurator Easy Access	151
Maintenance	155
22.1 Overview	155
22.2 What You Can Do	155
22.3 General Screen	155
22.4 Password Screen	156
22.5 Time Setting Screen	157
22.6 Firmware Upgrade Screen	158
22.7 Configuration Backup/Restore Screen	160
22.8 Restart Screen	161
22.9 System Operation Mode Overview	161
22.10 Sys OP Mode Screen	163
Troubleshooting	165
23.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs	165
23.2 Router Access and Login	166
23.3 Internet Access	167
23.4 Resetting the Router to Its Factory Defaults	169
23.5 Wireless Router/AP Troubleshooting	169
IP Addresses and Subnetting	171
Setting Up Your Computer’s IP Address	181
Wireless LANs	209
Common Services	223
Legal Information	227