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Conventional and Analog Trunked Radio Modulation Types, PL & DPL

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Communications Conventional and Analog Trunked Radio Modulation Types The physical interface to the conventional or analog trunked radio is through a plug-in radio modem board on the CPU module; the characteristics programmed into the plug-in modem determine the emission characteristics of the radio. The data may directly modulate the FM transceiver's oscillator to most effectively use the radio bandwidth. Motorola refers to this modulation technique as DFM; in the U.S. this is also described by the FCC as an F1 emission. The figure below shows the modulation sideband created by DFM. FCC licenses specifically state when F1 emission may be used and only radios having an F1 emission designator may be used in those licensed systems. No F1 emission is suitable when intermediate amplifiers (voice/RT repeaters) are present and should not be used with PL/DPL, but F1 emissions are fully compatible with the ACE3600 store-&forward operation. The data may instead modulate a tone oscillator to produce a variable tone or variable phase output; this signal output then modulates the FM transceiver's oscillator. Motorola refers to this modulation technique as FSK (variable tone) or DPSK (variable phase). The figures below show the modulation sidebands created by FSK and DPSK. The FCC has revised the rules governing the use of these emissions, so please read carefully the Refarming section below. FSK or DPSK must be used whenever any intermediate amplifier (voice/RT repeater: conventional or trunked) is present; DPSK must be used when any degraded bandwidth condition (notch filters, etc.) exists, and DPSK is the only emission allowable in the U.S. VHF splinter channels. FSK and DPSK are also fully compatible with store-&-forward operation. Modulation Technique COS DFM FSK DPSK Data Speeds in bps (* = recommended) 9600 4800(*), 3600, 2400 2400(*), 1800 1200 Note: Intrac modulation is not supported in ACE3600. PL & DPL Private Line (PL) and Digital Private Line (DPL), also known as Continuous Tone-Coded Squelch System (CTCSS), was created for voice users of two-way radio to suppress activity from other co-channel users from being heard; it offered the illusion of a private channel. PL/DPL adds a decoder to the receiver that keeps the receiver muted until a signal having a specific low-frequency tone (PL) or slow data code (DPL) is received. All transmitters must encode the proper tone/code to open the protected receiver. Some repeaters, notably those in the UHF band, use PL or DPL to prevent unwanted access to the repeater system by co-channel users. 122

Section	Page
Table of Contents	3
ACE3600 System Overview	5
ACE3600 RTU Construction	7
Power Supply Modules	10
12V Backup Battery	11
CPU Modules	12
I/O Modules	14
Digital Input Modules	17
Digital Output Relay Modules	26
Analog Input Modules	35
Analog Output Modules	43
Digital Output and Digital Input FET Modules	49
Mixed I/O Modules	56
Mixed Analog Modules	58
I/O Expansion	60
Expansion Power Supply Module	64
Expansion Module	65
Module Firmware and Operation Modes	66
Expansion Module Power-up and Restart	68
Expansion Module during Run-Time	68
Expansion LAN Switch	69
RTU I/O Expansion - Power Considerations	71
Ordering Information	74
ACE3600 RTU Ordering Flow:	74
List of ACE3600 Models	84
List of ACE3600 Options	86
Mixed Input/Output Modules	87
Mixed Analog Modules	87
I/O Module Cables	88
General Ordering Requirements	89
ACE3600 Installation Guidelines	90
Dimensions	90
Frame Dimensions:	90
Metal Chassis Dimensions:	90
Housing Dimensions:	90
GENERAL SAFETY INFORMATION:	91
Mounting the ACE3600 Frame on a Wall	92
Wall Mount Installation	92
Installing the ACE3600 in a 19\	94
Housing Installation	95
Communications	97
MDLC Protocol	98
MDLC Data Transfer Methods	101
Communication Links	102
RS232 Ports	102
RS485 Ports	103
IP Ports (MDLC over IP)	105
Broadcast and Setcalls	106
New Features for MDLC over IP in ACE3600	106
Multiple IP Ports	106
IP Conversion Table Enhancements	107
Using Host Names	107
Configuring NTP Servers	108
User Protocol over IP	108
Dynamic IP Address	108
MDLC over IP Port Routing	108
MDLC over IP PPP Connections	109
MDLC over IP/LAN Connections	109
MDLC over IP Site Paging	110
MDLC over LAN/Ethernet	111
MDLC over ASTRO IV&D	112
MDLC over iDEN	114
MDLC over Tetra	115
MDLC over IP - Standard Modem	117
MDLC over Null Modem	117
MDLC over GPRS Network	118
IP Conversion Tables	120
Firewall	122
Radio Communications	124
Radio FCC information	125
Conventional and Analog Trunked Radio Modulation Types	126
PL & DPL	126
FCC Reframing (USA only)	127
VHF Splinter Channels (USA only)	127
Analog Trunked Radio Systems	129
Digital Trunked Radio Systems	130
Conventional Radio Interoperability	130
Introduction	130
Channel Monitor Resolution Parameter (MDLC Slot Time)	130
First Warm-up Delay Parameter	130
F1-F2 Repeater Considerations	131
Parameter Setting for Motorola Conventional Radios in MOSCAD / ACE3600 Systems	131
Setting the Parameters in the MOSCAD/MOSCAD-L ToolBox	132
Setting the Parameters in the ACE3600 STS	132
Communication Network	133
Communication Types	134
Network Configurations	135
Simple System	135
Two-Link and Multiple Link Systems	135
Two-Zone System	136
Multiple Zone System	137
MDLC Encryption	139
Overview	139
Encryption Keys	141
Encryption in the STS/ToolBox MDLC Driver	142
Security Administration Tool	143
MDLC Encryption Implementation Considerations	143
Clock Functions and Synchronization	144
RTU Clock	144
Time Adjustment and Synchronization	144
User Time Control Actions	145
System Time Control Actions	146
NTP Clock Synchronization	146
NTP Architecture	147
Global Positioning System (GPS)	148
SCADA System Components	149
Control Center – SCADA Manager	149
FEP	149
M-OPC	149
IP Gateway	151
Legacy ModBus FEP	151
Appendix A - ACE3600 Specifications	153
Power Supply Module Specifications	156
CPU 3610/CPU 3640 Module Specifications	159
DI Module Specifications	160
DO/DI FET Module Specifications	163
DO Relay Module Specifications	165
AI Module Specifications	167
AO Module Specifications	168
Mixed I/O Module Specifications	169
Mixed Analog Module Specifications	171
Expansion Power Supply Module Specifications	173
Expansion Module Specifications	174
Expansion LAN Switch Specifications	175
Appendix B - FCC InformationSpectrum and Regulatory Update	176
FCC Rules Update	176
Refarming and Narrow Banding	176
UHF Offset Channels	176
VHF Splinter Channels	177
Emission Designators	177
Data Efficiency Standards	177
Narrowbanding Update	178
Licensing of Fixed Data Systems	179
Spectrum Available for Fixed Data Systems	179
UHF Low Power Pool	179
Low Power Pool Group Specifications	180
Other Part 90 Frequency Options	181

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Communications

Conventional and Analog Trunked Radio Modulation Types

The physical interface to the conventional or analog trunked radio is through a plug-in

radio modem board on the CPU module; the characteristics programmed into the plug-in

modem determine the emission characteristics of the radio. The data may directly

modulate the FM transceiver’s oscillator to most effectively use the radio bandwidth.

Motorola refers to this modulation technique as DFM; in the U.S. this is also described

by the FCC as an F1 emission. The figure below shows the modulation sideband created

by DFM. FCC licenses specifically state when F1 emission may be used and only radios

having an F1 emission designator may be used in those licensed systems. No F1 emission

is suitable when intermediate amplifiers (voice/RT repeaters) are present and should not

be used with PL/DPL, but F1 emissions are fully compatible with the ACE3600 store-&-

forward operation.

The data may instead modulate a tone oscillator to produce a variable tone or variable

phase output; this signal output then modulates the FM transceiver’s oscillator. Motorola

refers to this modulation technique as FSK (variable tone) or DPSK (variable phase). The

figures below show the modulation sidebands created by FSK and DPSK. The FCC has

revised the rules governing the use of these emissions, so please read carefully the

Refarming section below. FSK or DPSK must be used whenever any intermediate

amplifier (voice/RT repeater: conventional or trunked) is present; DPSK must be used

when any degraded bandwidth condition (notch filters, etc.) exists, and DPSK is the only

emission allowable in the U.S. VHF splinter channels. FSK and DPSK are also fully

compatible with store-&-forward operation.

Modulation

Technique

Data Speeds in bps

(* = recommended)

COS

9600

DFM

4800(*), 3600, 2400

FSK

2400(*), 1800

DPSK

1200

Note: Intrac modulation is not supported in ACE3600.

PL & DPL

Private Line (PL) and Digital Private Line (DPL), also known as Continuous Tone-Coded

Squelch System (CTCSS), was created for voice users of two-way radio to suppress

activity from other co-channel users from being heard; it offered the illusion of a private

channel. PL/DPL adds a decoder to the receiver that keeps the receiver muted until a

signal having a specific low-frequency tone (PL) or slow data code (DPL) is received. All

transmitters must encode the proper tone/code to open the protected receiver. Some

repeaters, notably those in the UHF band, use PL or DPL to prevent unwanted access to

the repeater system by co-channel users.

122