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Reporting Security Problems in Cisco Products, Obtaining Technical Assistance

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Obtaining Technical Assistance Preface Reporting Security Problems in Cisco Products Cisco is committed to delivering secure products. We test our products internally before we release them, and we strive to correct all vulnerabilities quickly. If you think that you might have identified a vulnerability in a Cisco product, contact PSIRT: • Emergencies - [email protected] • Nonemergencies - [email protected] Tip We encourage you to use Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) or a compatible product to encrypt any sensitive information that you send to Cisco. PSIRT can work from encrypted information that is compatible with PGP versions 2.x through 8.x. Never use a revoked or an expired encryption key. The correct public key to use in your correspondence with PSIRT is the one that has the most recent creation date in this public key server list: http://pgp.mit.edu:11371/pks/lookup?search=psirt%40cisco.com&op=index&ex act=on In an emergency, you can also reach PSIRT by telephone: • 1 877 228-7302 • 1 408 525-6532 Obtaining Technical Assistance For all customers, partners, resellers, and distributors who hold valid Cisco service contracts, Cisco Technical Support provides 24-hour-a-day, award-winning technical assistance. The Cisco Technical Support Website on Cisco.com features extensive online support resources. In addition, Cisco Technical Assistance Center (TAC) engineers provide telephone support. If you do not hold a valid Cisco service contract, contact your reseller. xxxii Cisco Content Services Switch Administration Guide OL-5647-02

Section	Page
Preface	21
Audience	22
How to Use This Guide	22
Related Documentation	23
Symbols and Conventions	26
Obtaining Documentation	27
Cisco.com	28
Documentation DVD	28
Ordering Documentation	28
Documentation Feedback	29
Cisco Product Security Overview	29
Reporting Security Problems in Cisco Products	30
Obtaining Technical Assistance	30
Cisco Technical Support Website	31
Submitting a Service Request	31
Definitions of Service Request Severity	32
Obtaining Additional Publications and Information	33
Managing the CSS Software	35
CSS Software Overview	36
Creating an FTP Record	38
Copying Files from an FTP Server	40
Using the Running-Config and Startup-Config Files	41
Saving the Running-Config to the Startup-Config File	41
Copying the Running- and Startup-Config Files	42
Clearing the Running-Config and Startup-Config Files	43
Showing the Running Configuration	44
Showing the Startup Configuration	47
Creating a Running-Config or Startup-Config File Using a Text Editor	48
Finding an IP Address in the Running-Config File	49
Configuring Disks in a Two-Disk CSS	50
Formatting a Disk	51
Specifying a Disk for Booting, Logging, and Core Dumps	52
Selecting a Disk for the Primary Boot Record	52
Selecting a Disk for the Secondary Boot Record	53
Selecting a Disk for Core Dumps	53
Selecting a Disk for Logging	54
Copying Files Between Disks	55
Showing the Disk Mapping Configurations	56
Showing Files from a Disk	57
Clearing Files from a Disk	57
Unpacking and Removing an ADI	58
Archiving Files to the Archive Directory	59
Archiving the Startup-Config File	60
Archiving the Running-Config File	60
Archiving a Log File	60
Archiving Scripts	61
Clearing the Archive Directory	61
Restoring Files from the Archive Directory	61
Restoring an Archived Log File	62
Restoring an Archived Script File	63
Restoring an Archived Startup-Config File	63
Enabling and Copying Core Dumps	64
Enabling and Disabling Core Dumps	65
Showing Core Dumps	65
Copying Core Dumps to an FTP or TFTP Server	65
Copying Core Dumps to an FTP Server	66
Copying Core Dumps to a TFTP Server	67
Showing CSS Configurations	67
Showing Software Information	68
Showing Hardware Information	69
Showing System Resources	77
Showing System Uptime	78
Showing Disk Information	79
Showing User Information	80
Showing Current Logins	82
Where to Go Next	83
Specifying the CSS Boot Configuration	85
Boot Setup Quick Start	86
Accessing Boot Mode	87
Specifying the Primary Boot Configuration	87
Specifying the Primary Boot File	87
Specifying the Primary Boot Type	88
Primary Boot Configuration Considerations	89
Specifying the Primary Configuration Path	90
Specifying the Secondary Boot Configuration	90
Specifying the Secondary Boot File	91
Specifying the Secondary Boot Type	91
Secondary Boot Configuration Considerations	92
Specifying the Secondary Configuration Path	93
Configuring a Boot Configuration Record for the Passive SCM	94
Configuring the Passive SCM Gateway Address	95
Configuring the Passive SCM IP Address	95
Configuring the Passive SCM Primary Boot File	95
Configuring the Passive SCM Primary Boot Type	96
Configuring the Passive SCM Primary Configuration Path	97
Configuring the Passive SCM Secondary Boot File	97
Configuring the Passive SCM Secondary Boot Type	98
Configuring the Passive SCM Secondary Configuration Path	99
Configuring the Passive SCM Subnet Mask	99
Copying Configuration Information from the Active SCM to the Passive SCM	100
Showing the Boot Configuration	101
Booting the CSS from a Network Drive	101
Configuring Network Boot for a Primary SCM	102
Configuring Network Boot for a Passive SCM	103
Showing Network Boot Configurations	104
Where to Go Next	104
Configuring User Profiles	105
User Profiles Overview	106
User Profile Configuration Quick Start	107
Configuring User Terminal Parameters	109
Configuring Terminal Idle	109
Configuring Terminal Length	110
Configuring the More Terminal Prompt	110
Configuring Terminal Netmask-Format	111
Configuring Terminal Timeout	111
Configuring Idle Timeout	112
Using Expert Mode	113
Changing the CLI Prompt	114
Modifying the History Buffer	114
Displaying the History Buffer	115
Configuring a Pre-Login Banner	115
Configuring a Login Banner	116
Copying and Saving User Profiles	117
Copying the Running Profile to the Default-Profile	118
Copying the Running Profile to a User Profile	118
Copying the Running Profile to an FTP Server	118
Copying the Running Profile to a TFTP Server	119
Where to Go Next	119
Using the CSS Logging Features	121
Logging Overview	122
CSS Logging Quick Start Table	124
Specifying Logging Buffer Size	126
Configuring Logging for a Subsystem	127
Enabling and Disabling Logging for a Subsystem	127
Configuring a Log Message for a Subsystem at a Logging Level	130
Logging ACL Activity	131
Sending Log Messages to an E-Mail Address	132
Specifying a Log File Destination	133
Specifying a Log File on the Disk	134
Disabling Logging to the sys.log File on the Disk	134
Specifying a Host for a Log File Destination	136
Specifying a Line for a Log File Destination	137
Logging CLI Commands	138
Showing Log Files	138
Showing Log Activity	138
Showing Log Lists	140
Showing the Log State	141
Copying Log Files to an FTP or TFTP Server	143
Copying Log Files to an FTP Server	143
Copying Log Files to a TFTP Server	144
Interpreting sys.log Log Messages	145
Interpreting Undeliverable Messages	146
Frequently Queried Log Messages	154
Where to Go Next	181
Configuring Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)	183
SNMP Overview	184
Managers and Agents	184
SNMP Manager and Agent Communication	185
Management Information Base (MIB) Overview	187
MIB Variables	189
MIB Extensions (Enterprise MIBs)	189
Updating MIB Files	190
Loading the Standard MIBs	190
Loading the CSS MIBs	191
SNMP Communities	191
Preparing to Configure SNMP on the CSS	192
Defining the CSS as an SNMP Agent	193
SNMP Agent Configuration Quick Start	193
Configuring an SNMP Community	196
Configuring an SNMP Contact	197
Configuring an SNMP Location	197
Configuring an SNMP Name	198
Configuring an SNMP Trap Host	198
Configuring SNMP Trap Source	199
Configuring SNMP Generic Traps	200
Configuring SNMP Auth-Traps	200
Configuring SNMP Enterprise Traps	201
Configuring SNMP Reload-Enable	203
Configuring Denial of Service (DoS)	204
DoS Quick Start	205
Defining a DoS SNMP Trap-Type	206
Displaying DoS Configurations	207
Resetting DoS Statistics	210
Displaying the SNMP Configuration	211
Managing SNMP on the CSS	211
Enabling SNMP Manager Access to the CSS	211
Using the CSS to Look Up MIB Objects	212
Useful MIB Information	213
Reading Logs	214
Setting RMON Alarms	215
CSS SNMP Traps	215
CSS MIBs	220
Where to Go Next	226
Configuring Remote Monitoring (RMON)	227
RMON Overview	228
RMON Configuration Considerations	229
Configuring an RMON Event	230
RMON Event Configuration Quick Start	230
Creating an Index for an RMON Event	232
Modifying the Attributes for an Existing RMON Event Index	232
Deleting an RMON Event Index	232
Setting the RMON Event Attributes	233
Defining an Event Community	233
Describing an Event	234
Assigning an Owner	234
Defining the Notification of an Event	234
Activating an RMON Event	235
Suspending an RMON Event	236
Configuring an RMON Alarm	236
RMON Alarm Configuration Quick Start	238
Creating an Index for an RMON Alarm	240
Modifying the Attributes for an Existing RMON Alarm Index	240
Deleting an RMON Alarm Index	241
Setting the RMON Alarm Attributes	241
Assigning an Owner	241
Finding and Defining a Sample Variable	242
Defining the Absolute or Delta Sampling Method	243
Defining a Rising Threshold and Rising Event	244
Defining a Falling Threshold and Index	245
Defining a Startup Alarm	246
Defining the Sampling Interval	246
Activating an RMON Alarm	247
Suspending an RMON Alarm	247
Configuring an RMON History	247
RMON History Configuration Quick Start	248
Creating an Index for an RMON History	249
Modifying the Attributes for an Existing RMON History Index	250
Deleting an RMON History Index	250
Setting the RMON History Attributes	251
Defining the Data Object	251
Assigning an Owner	251
Defining the Bucket Count	252
Defining the Bucket Interval	252
Activating an RMON History Entry	252
Viewing RMON Information	253
Viewing Statistics	253
Clearing RMON Statistics	257
Viewing History	257
Viewing Events in a Log File	259
Viewing a Traplog File	260
Viewing a CSS Disk Log File	260
Using an XML Document to Configure the CSS	261
Creating XML Code	262
XML Document Example	264
Allowing the Transfer of XML Configuration Files on the CSS	265
Parsing the XML Code	266
Publishing the XML Code to the CSS	266
Testing the Output of the XML Code	267
Using the CSS Scripting Language	269
Script Considerations	270
Playing a Script	270
Using the Command Scheduler	271
Showing Configured Command Scheduler Records	273
Using the echo Command	274
Using Commented Lines	274
Using the “! no echo” Comment	275
Using Variables	276
Creating and Setting Variables	276
Variable Types	277
Removing Variables	278
Modifying Integer Variables	278
Using the No Set and Set Commands	278
Using Arithmetic Operators	279
Using the Increment and Decrement Operators	280
Using Logical and Relational Operators and Branch Commands	281
Boolean Logic and Relational Operators	281
Using the if Branch Command	282
Using the while Branch Command	283
Special Variables	284
Informational Variables	284
CONTINUE_ON_ERROR Variable	284
STATUS Variable	286
EXIT_MSG Variable	287
SOCKET Variable	288
Using the show variable Command	289
Using Arrays	290
Element Numbers	291
Using var-shift to Obtain Array Elements	292
Capturing User Input	294
Using Command Line Arguments	295
Using Functions	296
Passing Arguments to a Function	296
Using the SCRIPT_PLAY Function	298
Bitwise Logical Operators	298
Syntax Errors and Script Termination	299
Syntax Errors	299
Script Exit Codes	300
Exiting a Script Within Another Script	302
Using the grep Command	302
Specifying Line Numbers for Search Results	303
STATUS Results from the grep Command	303
Using socket Commands	304
socket connect	304
socket send	305
socket receive	306
socket waitfor	307
socket inspect	308
socket disconnect	308
Socket Administration	309
Displaying Scripts	310
Script Upgrade Considerations	311
Using the showtech Script	311
Script Keepalive Examples	313
Example of a Custom TCP Script Keepalive with Graceful Socket Close (FIN)	313
Default Script Keepalives	315
SMTP KEEPALIVE	316
NetBIOS Name Query (Microsoft Networking)	317
HTTP List Keepalive	318
POP3 Keepalive	319
IMAP4 Keepalive	320
Pinglist Keepalive	322
Finger Keepalive	323
Time Keepalive	324
Setcookie Keepalive	325
HTTP Authentication Keepalive	326
DNS Keepalive	327
Echo Keepalive	328
HTTP Host Tag Keepalive	329
Mailhost Keepalive	330
LDAP Keepalive	332
Upgrading Your CSS Software	335
Before You Begin	336
Copying the New CSS Software	336
Configuring an FTP Server Record on the CSS	336
Upgrading Your CSS Software	338
Using the Upgrade Script	339
Automatically Running the Upgrade Script	339
Interactively Using the Upgrade Script	343
Manually Upgrading the CSS Software	347
Updating MIBs	350
Using the Offline Diagnostic Monitor Menu	351
Accessing the Offline DM Main Menu	352
Using the Boot Configuration Menu	354
Setting Primary Boot Configuration	356
Setting Secondary Boot Configuration	361
Setting IP Address, Subnet Mask, and Default Gateway	366
Displaying the Boot Configuration	367
Using the Advanced Options	367
Deleting a Software Version	368
Using the Security Options	368
Using the Disk Options	371
Configuring Disks in a Two-Disk CSS	376
Rebooting the CSS	377