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Netgear R7800 User Manual - Page 135

How the Router Implements the Port Forwarding Rule, Port Triggering, Add a Port Triggering Service

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Nighthawk X4S AC2600 Smart WiFi Router How the Router Implements the Port Forwarding Rule The following sequence shows the effects of a port forwarding rule: 1. When you type the URL www.example.com in your browser, the browser sends a web page request message with the following destination information: • Destination address. The IP address of www.example.com, which is the address of your router. • Destination port number. 80, which is the standard port number for a web server process. 2. Your router receives the message and finds your port forwarding rule for incoming port 80 traffic. 3. The router changes the destination in the message to IP address 192.168.1.123 and sends the message to that computer. 4. Your web server at IP address 192.168.1.123 receives the request and sends a reply message to your router. 5. Your router performs Network Address Translation (NAT) on the source IP address and sends the reply through the Internet to the computer or WiFi device that sent the web page request. Port Triggering Port triggering is a dynamic extension of port forwarding that is useful in these cases: • An application must use port forwarding to more than one local computer (but not simultaneously). • An application must open incoming ports that are different from the outgoing port. With port triggering, the router monitors traffic to the Internet from an outbound "trigger" port that you specify. For outbound traffic from that port, the router saves the IP address of the computer that sent the traffic. The router temporarily opens the incoming port or ports that you specify in your rule and forwards that incoming traffic to that destination. Port forwarding creates a static mapping of a port number or range of ports to a single local computer. Port triggering can dynamically open ports to any computer when needed and close the ports when they are no longer needed. Note If you use applications such as multiplayer gaming, peer-to-peer connections, real-time communications such as instant messaging, or remote assistance (a feature in Windows XP), enable Universal Plug and Play (UPnP). See Improve Network Connections With Universal Plug and Play on page 79. Add a Port Triggering Service To add a port triggering service: 1. Launch a web browser from a computer or WiFi device that is connected to the network. 2. Enter http://www.routerlogin.net. A login window opens. Customize Internet Traffic Rules for Ports 135

Section	Page
Contents	3
1. Hardware Setup	8
Unpack Your Router	9
Top View	9
Rear Panel	11
Turn the LEDs On or Off	12
Attach the Antennas	12
USB Ports on the Left Panel	13
eSATA Port on the Right Panel	13
Connect an eSATA Device	14
Position Your Router	14
Cable Your Router	15
2. Specify Your Internet Settings	17
Use the Internet Setup Wizard	18
Manually Set Up the Internet Connection	18
Specify an Internet Connection Without a Login	19
Specify an Internet Connection That Uses a Login	20
Specify IPv6 Internet Connections	22
Requirements for Entering IPv6 Addresses	23
Use Auto Config for an IPv6 Internet Connection	23
Use Auto Detect for an IPv6 Internet Connection	25
Set Up an IPv6 6to4 Tunnel Internet Connection	26
Set Up an IPv6 Pass Through Internet Connection	27
Set Up an IPv6 Fixed Internet Connection	28
Set Up an IPv6 DHCP Internet Connection	29
Set Up an IPv6 PPPoE Internet Connection	31
Change the MTU Size	32
3. Control Access to the Internet	35
Set Up Parental Controls	36
Allow or Block Access to Your Network	37
Use Keywords to Block Internet Sites	39
Block Services From the Internet	40
Delete Keywords From the Blocked List	41
Avoid Blocking on a Trusted Computer	42
Manage Network Access Control Lists	43
Schedule When to Block Internet Sites and Services	44
Set Up Security Event Email Notifications	45
4. Network Settings	48
View or Change WAN Settings	49
Set Up a Default DMZ Server	50
Change the Router’s Device Name	51
Change the LAN TCP/IP Settings	51
Specify the IP Addresses That the Router Assigns	53
Disable the DHCP Server Feature in the Router	55
Manage Reserved LAN IP Addresses	55
Reserve an IP Address	55
Edit a Reserved IP Address	56
Delete a Reserved IP Address Entry	57
Use the WPS Wizard for WiFi Connections	57
Specify Basic WiFi Settings	58
Change the WiFi Mbps Settings	61
Change the WiFi Password or Security Level	62
Enable or Disable WiFi MU-MIMO	63
Enable or Disable WiFi 160 MHz	63
Enable a WiFi Video Network	64
Set Up a Guest WiFi Network	65
Enable a Video Guest WiFi Network	66
Control the WiFi Radios	67
Use the WiFi On/Off Button	67
Enable or Disable the WiFi Radios	68
Set Up a WiFi Schedule	69
Specify WPS Settings	70
Use the Router as a Wireless Access Point	70
Use the Router in Bridge Mode	72
5. Optimize Performance	75
Use Dynamic QoS to Optimize Internet Traffic Management	76
Enable Dynamic QoS	76
Enable or Disable the Automatic QoS Database Update	77
Manually Update the Dynamic QoS Database	78
Participate in Dynamic QoS Analytics	78
Improve Network Connections With Universal Plug and Play	79
Wi-Fi Multimedia Quality of Service	80
6. Manage Your Network	82
Update the Router Firmware	83
Change the admin Password	83
Set Up Password Recovery	84
Recover the admin Password	85
View Router Status	86
Display Internet Port Statistics	87
Check the Internet Connection Status	88
View and Manage Logs of Router Activity	89
View Devices Currently on the Network	90
Monitor Internet Traffictraffic metering	91
Manage the Router Configuration File	93
Back Up Settings	93
Erase the Current Configuration Settings	94
Restore Configuration Settings	94
Remote Access	95
Set Up Remote Management	95
Use Remote Access	96
7. Share USB Storage Devices Attached to the Router	97
USB Device Requirements	98
Connect a Storage Device to the Router	98
Access a Storage Device Connected to the Router From a Windows Computer	99
Map a USB Device to a Windows Network Drive	99
Access a Storage Device That Is Connected to the Router From a Mac	100
Back Up Windows Computers With ReadySHARE Vault	101
Back Up Mac Computers With Time Machine	101
Set Up a USB Hard Drive on a Mac	101
Prepare to Back Up a Large Amount of Data	102
Use Time Machine to Back Up Onto a USB Hard Disk	102
Use FTP Within the Network	104
View or Change Network Folders on a Storage Device	104
Add a Network Folder on a Storage Device	106
Edit a Network Folder on a Storage Device	107
Safely Remove a USB Device	108
8. Use Dynamic DNS to Access USB Storage Devices Through the Internet	109
Dynamic DNS	110
Set Up FTP Access Through the Internet	110
Your Personal FTP Server	111
Set Up Your Personal FTP Server	111
Set Up a New Dynamic DNS Account	112
Specify a DNS Account That You Already Created	113
Change the Dynamic DNS Settings	114
Access USB Storage Devices Through the Internet	115
9. Use the Router as a Media Server	116
Specify ReadyDLNA Media Server Settings	117
Play Music From a Storage Device With iTunes Server	117
Set Up the Router's iTunes Server with iTunes	118
Set Up the Router's iTunes Server with the Remote app	119
Play Media From a USB Device on TiVo	121
Set Up the Router to Work With TiVo	121
Play Videos on TiVo	122
Play Music or View Photos on TiVo	122
10. Share a USB Printer	123
Install the Printer Driver and Cable the Printer	124
Download the ReadySHARE Printer Utility	124
Install the ReadySHARE Printer Utility	124
Print Using the NETGEAR USB Control Center	126
View or Change the Status of a Printer	126
Use the Scan Feature of a Multifunction USB Printer	127
Change NETGEAR USB Control Center Settings	127
Turn Off Automatic Startup for NETGEAR USB Control Center	127
Change the Language for the NETGEAR USB Control Center	128
Specify the USB Control Center Time-Out	128
11. Customize Internet Traffic Rules for Ports	130
Port Forwarding to a Local Server	131
Set Up Port Forwarding to a Local Server	131
Add a Custom Port Forwarding Service	132
Edit a Port Forwarding Service	133
Delete a Port Forwarding Entry	134
Application Example: Make a Local Web Server Public	134
How the Router Implements the Port Forwarding Rule	135
Port Triggering	135
Add a Port Triggering Service	135
Enable Port Triggering	137
Application Example: Port Triggering for Internet Relay Chat port triggering	138
12. Use VPN to Access Your Network	139
Set Up a VPN Connection	140
Specify VPN Service in the Router	140
Install OpenVPN Software on Your Computer	141
Use a VPN Tunnel	144
Use VPN to Access the Router’s USB Device and Media	145
Use VPN to Access Your Internet Service at Home	145
Set Up VPN Client Internet Access in the Router	145
Block VPN Client Internet Access in the Router	146
Use a VPN Tunnel to Access Your Internet Service at Home	147
13. Troubleshooting	148
Quick Tips	149
Sequence to Restart Your Network	149
Check Ethernet Cable Connections	149
WiFi Settings	149
Network Settings	149
Troubleshoot With the LEDs	149
Standard LED Behavior When the Router Is Powered On	150
Power LED Is Off or Blinking	150
Power LED Stays Amber	150
LEDs Never Turn Off	150
Internet or Ethernet Port LEDs Are Off	151
WiFi LED Is Off	151
You Cannot Log In to the Router	151
You Cannot Access the Internet	152
Troubleshoot Internet Browsing	153
Changes Are Not Saved	154
Troubleshoot WiFi Connectivity	154
Troubleshoot Your Network Using the Ping Utility	154
Test the LAN Path to Your Router	154
Test the Path From Your Computer to a Remote Device	155
14. Supplemental Information	157
Factory Settings	158

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How the Router Implements the Port Forwarding Rule

The following sequence shows the effects of a port forwarding rule:

When you type the URL www.example.com in your browser, the browser sends a web page request message

with the following destination information:

•

Destination address

.The IP address of www.example.com, which is the address of your router.

•

Destination port number

. 80, which is the standard port number for a web server process.

Your router receives the message and finds your port forwarding rule for incoming port 80 traffic.

The router changes the destination in the message to IP address 192.168.1.123 and sends the message to that

computer.

Your web server at IP address 192.168.1.123 receives the request and sends a reply message to your router.

Your router performs Network Address Translation (NAT) on the source IP address and sends the reply through

the Internet to the computer or WiFi device that sent the web page request.

Port Triggering

Port triggering is a dynamic extension of port forwarding that is useful in these cases:

•

An application must use port forwarding to more than one local computer (but not simultaneously).

•

An application must open incoming ports that are different from the outgoing port.

With port triggering, the router monitors traffic to the Internet from an outbound “trigger” port that you specify. For

outbound traffic from that port, the router saves the IP address of the computer that sent the traffic. The router

temporarily opens the incoming port or ports that you specify in your rule and forwards that incoming traffic to that

destination.

Port forwarding creates a static mapping of a port number or range of ports to a single local computer. Port triggering

can dynamically open ports to any computer when needed and close the ports when they are no longer needed.

If you use applications such as multiplayer gaming, peer-to-peer connections, real-time

communications such as instant messaging, or remote assistance (a feature in Windows XP),

enable Universal Plug and Play (UPnP). See

Improve Network Connections With Universal Plug

and Play

on page 79.

Note

Add a Port Triggering Service

To add a port triggering service:

Launch a web browser from a computer or WiFi device that is connected to the network.

Enter

http://www.routerlogin.net

A login window opens.

Customize Internet Traffic Rules for Ports

135

Nighthawk X4S AC2600 Smart WiFi Router