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Adaptec 2805 User Manual and Install Guide - Page 96

Understanding RAID

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Understanding RAID B In this appendix... Understanding Drive Segments 96 Non-redundant Arrays (RAID 0 96 RAID 1 Arrays ...97 RAID 1 Enhanced Arrays...97 RAID 10 Arrays ...98 RAID 5 Arrays ...99 RAID 5EE Arrays...100 RAID 50 Arrays ...101 RAID 6 Arrays ...102 RAID 60 Arrays ...102 Selecting the Best RAID Level 103 When you create arrays (or logical drives), you can assign a RAID level to protect your data. Each RAID level offers a unique combination of performance and redundancy. RAID levels also vary by the number of disk drives they support. This appendix describes the RAID levels supported by your Adaptec RAID controller, and provides a basic overview of each to help you select the best level of protection for your data storage.

Section	Page
About This Guide	13
What You Need to Know Before You Begin	14
Terminology Used in this Guide	14
How to Find More Information	14
Kit Contents and System Requirements	15
Kit Contents	16
System Requirements	16
About Your RAID Controller	18
Standard RAID Controller Features	19
Array-level Features	19
Advanced Data Protection Suite	20
Adding a Battery Backup Module	20
Adding a Flash Backup Module	20
Upgrading the Controller Firmware	20
About the Adaptec RAID 5085	21
About the Adaptec RAID 5405	22
About the Adaptec RAID 5445	23
About the Adaptec RAID 5805/5805Q	24
About the Adaptec RAID 51245	25
About the Adaptec RAID 51645	26
About the Adaptec RAID 52445	27
About the Adaptec RAID 5405Z	28
About the Adaptec RAID 5445Z	29
About the Adaptec RAID 5805Z/5805ZQ	30
About the Adaptec RAID 2045	31
About the Adaptec RAID 2405/2405Q	32
About the Adaptec RAID 2805	33
About the Adaptec RAID 6405	34
About the Adaptec RAID 6445	35
About the Adaptec RAID 6805/6805Q	36
About the Adaptec RAID 6405E	37
About the Adaptec RAID 6805E	38
About the Adaptec RAID 6405T	39
About the Adaptec RAID 6805T/6805TQ	40
Getting Started	41
Choosing a RAID Level	42
Selecting Disk Drives and Cables	43
Disk Drives	43
Cables	43
Replacing the Full-Height Bracket with a Low-Profile Bracket	44
Installation Options	46
Basic Installation Steps	46
Installing with an Operating System	46
Installing on an Existing Operating System	46
Installing the Controller and Disk Drives	47
Before You Begin	48
Installing the Controller	48
Installing a RAID Controller	48
Installing a RAID Controller with Zero Maintenance Cache Protection	49
Connecting Disk Drives to Your Controllers	51
Connecting Drives Directly to the Controller	51
Connecting Drives to a System Backplane	52
Connecting Solid State Drives (SSDs)	53
Connecting External Devices	54
Next Steps	54
Creating a Bootable Array	55
Setting the Boot Controller	56
Creating an Array	56
Creating an Array with the ACU	56
Creating an Array with Adaptec Storage Manager	58
Making Your Array Bootable	59
Installing the Driver and an Operating System	60
Before You Begin	61
Creating a Driver Disk	61
Installing with Windows	62
Installing with Windows Server 2003	62
Installing with Windows Server 2008, Windows 7, or Windows Vista	62
Installing with Red Hat Linux 5	63
Installing with Red Hat Linux 6 or Fedora Linux	63
Installing with SuSE Linux	64
Installing with Debian Linux	64
Installing with Ubuntu Linux	66
Installing with Solaris	68
Installing with VMware ESX 4	68
Installing with VMware ESXi 5	69
Installing with FreeBSD	72
Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System	73
Before You Begin	74
Creating a Driver Disk	74
Installing on Windows	75
Installing on Windows Server 2003	75
Installing on Windows Server 2008, Windows 7, or Windows Vista	75
Installing on Red Hat, SuSE, or Fedora Linux	75
Installing on Debian Linux	76
Installing on Ubuntu Linux	76
Installing on Solaris	77
Installing on VMware	77
Installing on FreeBSD	79
Managing Your Storage Space	80
About Adaptec Storage Manager	81
Installing Adaptec Storage Manager	81
About the Adaptec RAID Controller Configuration Utility	81
About the Adaptec RAID Configuration Utility	82
About the Adaptec Flash Utility	82
Which Utility Should I Use?	82
Which Utility Should I Use on VMware?	82
Solving Problems	84
Troubleshooting Checklist	85
Monitoring Disk Drives Status	85
Silencing the Alarm	85
Recovering from a Disk Drive Failure	86
Failed Disk Drive Protected by a Hot Spare	86
Failed Disk Drive Not Protected by a Hot Spare	86
Failure in Multiple Arrays Simultaneously	86
Disk Drive Failure in a RAID 0 Array	87
Multiple Failures in the Same Array	87
Failed Drive in maxCache Pool	87
Resetting the Controller	87
Introduction to SAS	89
Terminology Used in This Chapter	90
What is SAS?	90
How Do SAS Devices Communicate?	91
What’s a Phy?	91
What’s a SAS Port?	92
What’s a SAS Address?	92
What’s a SAS Connector?	92
What do SAS Cables Look Like?	92
How are Disk Drives Identified in SAS?	93
What are the SAS Connection Options?	93
Direct-attach Connections	93
Backplane Connections	93
SAS Expander Connections	94
How is SAS Different from Parallel SCSI?	95
Understanding RAID	96
Understanding Drive Segments	97
Non-redundant Arrays (RAID 0)	97
RAID 1 Arrays	98
RAID 1 Enhanced Arrays	98
RAID 10 Arrays	99
RAID 5 Arrays	100
RAID 5EE Arrays	101
RAID 50 Arrays	102
RAID 6 Arrays	103
RAID 60 Arrays	103
Selecting the Best RAID Level	104
Using the Adaptec RAID Configuration Utility	105
Introduction to the ARC Utility	106
Running the ARC Utility	106
Navigating the ARC Utility	106
Using the ACU to Create and Manage Arrays	106
Creating a New Array	106
Managing Existing Arrays	107
Creating Bootable Arrays	107
Modifying Power Management Settings	107
Modifying Cache Settings	108
Initializing Disk Drives	109
Rescanning Disk Drives	109
Secure Erasing Disk Drives	109
Stopping a Secure Erase	109
Managing Global Hot Spares	109
Using the ACU to Create and Manage JBODs	110
Creating a New JBOD	110
Managing Existing JBODs	110
Converting a JBOD Into a Simple Volume	110
Using the ACU to Manage the maxCache Pool	110
Using SerialSelect to Modify Controller Settings	111
Opening SerialSelect	111
Applying Changes and Exiting	111
Modifying Your Controller’s Configuration	111
General Controller Settings	112
Power Management Settings	113
PHY Settings	114
Formatting and Verifying Disk Drives	114
Locating Disk Drives	114
Identifying Disk Drives	115
Viewing the Event Log	115
Using the Adaptec Flash Utility	116
System Requirements	117
Compatibility Notes	117
Before You Begin	117
Obtaining the Firmware	117
Creating the Firmware Update Disks	118
Running the Menu-based AFU	118
Running the AFU from the Command Line	119
AFU Commands	119
List	119
Save	119
Update	120
Verify	121
Version	121
Help	121
Updating the Flash Using the AFU Command Line	122
Controller LED and I2C Connector Quick Reference	123
Adaptec RAID 5085 LED Connector Specification	124
Adaptec RAID 5405/5405Z LED and I2C Connector Specification	126
Adaptec RAID 5445/5445Z LED and I2C Connector Specification	127
Adaptec RAID 5805/5805Q/5805Z/5805ZQ LED and I2C Connector Specification	129
Adaptec RAID 51245 LED and I2C Connector Specification	131
Adaptec RAID 51645 LED and I2C Connector Specification	133
Adaptec RAID 52445 LED and I2C Connector Specification	135
Adaptec RAID 2045 LED Connector Specification	138
Adaptec RAID 2405/2405Q LED and I2C Connector Specification	138
Adaptec RAID 2805 LED and I2C Connector Specification	139
Adaptec RAID 6405/6445 LED and I2C Connector Specification	140
Adaptec RAID 6805/6805Q LED and I2C Connector Specification	142
Adaptec RAID 6405E LED Connector Specification	143
Adaptec RAID 6805E LED Connector Specification	144
Adaptec RAID 6405T LED Connector Specification	145
Adaptec RAID 6805T/6805TQ LED Connector Specification	146
Safety Information	148
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)	148
Technical Specifications	149
Environmental Specifications	150
DC Power Requirements	150
Current Requirements	150

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Understanding RAID

In this appendix...

Understanding Drive Segments

.............................................................................................

Non-redundant Arrays (RAID 0)

..........................................................................................

RAID 1 Arrays

........................................................................................................................

RAID 1 Enhanced Arrays

.......................................................................................................

RAID 10 Arrays

......................................................................................................................

RAID 5 Arrays

........................................................................................................................

RAID 5EE Arrays

..................................................................................................................

100

RAID 50 Arrays

....................................................................................................................

101

RAID 6 Arrays

......................................................................................................................

102

RAID 60 Arrays

....................................................................................................................

102

Selecting the Best RAID Level

..............................................................................................

103

When you create arrays (or logical drives), you can assign a RAID level to protect your data.

Each RAID level offers a unique combination of performance and redundancy. RAID levels

also vary by the number of disk drives they support.

This appendix describes the RAID levels supported by your Adaptec RAID controller, and

provides a basic overview of each to help you select the best level of protection for your data

storage.