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How Port Forwarding Differs from Port Triggering

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RangeMax™ Wireless-N Gigabit Router with USB WNR3500L User Manual 1. The user of a remote computer opens Internet Explorer and requests a Web page from www.example.com, which resolves to the public IP address of your router. The remote computer composes a Web page request message with the following destination information: • The destination address is the IP address of www.example.com, which is the address of your router. • The destination port number is 80, the standard port number for a Web server process. The remote computer then sends this request message through the Internet to your router. 2. Your router receives the request message and looks in its rules table for any rules covering the disposition of incoming port 80 traffic. Your port forwarding rule specifies that incoming port 80 traffic should be forwarded to local IP address 192.168.1.123. Therefore, your router modifies the destination information in the request message: The destination address is replaced with 192.168.1.123. Your router then sends this request message to your local network. 3. Your Web server at 192.168.1.123 receives the request and composes a return message with the requested Web page data. Your Web server then sends this reply message to your router. 4. Your router performs Network Address Translation (NAT) on the source IP address, and sends this request message through the Internet to the remote computer, which displays the Web page from www.example.com. To configure port forwarding, you need to know which inbound ports the application needs. You usually can determine this information by contacting the publisher of the application or user groups or newsgroups. How Port Forwarding Differs from Port Triggering The following points summarize the differences between port forwarding and port triggering: • Port triggering can be used by any computer on your network, although only one computer at a time can use the same ports. • Port forwarding is configured for a single computer on your network. • Port triggering does not need to know the computer's IP address in advance. The IP address is captured automatically. • Port forwarding requires that you specify the computer's IP address during configuration, and the IP address must never change. • Port triggering requires specific outbound traffic to open the inbound ports, and the triggered ports are closed after a period of no activity. • Port forwarding is always active and does not need to be triggered. Customizing Your Network Settings v1.0, November 2009 5-15

Section	Page
RangeMax™ Wireless-N Gigabit Router with USB WNR3500L User Manual	1
Contents	7
About This Manual	11
Conventions, Formats, and Scope	11
How to Print This Manual	12
Revision History	12
Chapter 1 Configuring Your Internet Connection	13
Using the Setup Manual	13
Logging In to Your Wireless Router	14
Using the Setup Wizard	17
Viewing or Manually Configuring Your ISP Settings	17
Chapter 2 Safeguarding Your Network	21
Planning Your Wireless Network	21
Wireless Placement and Range Guidelines	22
Wireless Security Options	23
Manually Configuring Your Wireless Settings	24
Table 2-1. Wireless Settings	25
Configuring WEP Wireless Security	26
Configuring WPA, WPA2, or WPA/WPA2 Wireless Security	28
Using Push ‘N’ Connect to Configure Your Wireless Network	29
Using the WPS Button to Configure Your Network and Add a Client	30
Using a PIN to Configure Your Network and Add a Client	31
Configuring Advanced WPS Settings	33
Adding Both WPS-Capable Clients and Non-WPS-Capable Clients	34
Restricting Access to Your Router	35
Chapter 3 Protecting Your Network	37
Protecting Access to Your WNR3500L Router	37
Changing the Built-In Password	38
Restricting Access by MAC Address	39
Blocking Access to Internet Sites	40
Blocking Access to Internet Services	42
Configuring a User-Defined Service	43
Scheduling Blocking	44
Viewing Logs of Web Access or Attempted Web Access	45
Configuring E-mail Alert and Web Access Log Notifications	46
Setting the Time	47
Chapter 4 Using Network Monitoring Tools	48
Upgrading the Router Firmware	48
Upgrading Automatically to New Router Software	50
Upgrading Manually to New Router Software	50
Viewing Wireless Router Status Information	51
Table 4-1. Wireless Router Status Fields	52
Table 4-2. Connection Status Settings	54
Table 4-3. Router Statistics	55
Viewing a List of Attached Devices	56
Managing the Configuration File	56
Backing Up and Restoring the Configuration	57
Erasing the Configuration	58
Enabling Remote Management Access	58
Chapter 5 Customizing Your Network Settings	60
Using the LAN IP Setup Options	60
Using the Router as a DHCP Server	63
Using Address Reservation	63
Using a Dynamic DNS Service	64
Configuring the WAN Setup Options	66
Setting Up a Default DMZ Server	67
Configuring Static Routes	68
Allowing Inbound Connections to Your Network	70
How Your Computer Accesses a Remote Computer through Your Router	70
How Port Triggering Changes the Communication Process	72
How Port Forwarding Changes the Communication Process	73
How Port Forwarding Differs from Port Triggering	74
Configuring Port Forwarding to Local Servers	75
Adding a Custom Service	76
Editing or Deleting a Port Forwarding Entry	77
Configuring Port Triggering	77
Wireless Repeating (Also Called WDS)	80
Wireless Repeating Function	81
Setting Up the Base Station	82
Setting Up a Repeater Unit	83
Chapter 6 Fine-Tuning Your Network	84
Assessing Your Speed Requirements	85
Optimizing Your Network Bandwidth	86
Optimizing Wireless Performance	88
Changing the MTU Size	89
Quality of Service	90
Using WMM QoS for Wireless Multimedia Applications	91
Configuring QoS for Internet Access	91
Using Universal Plug and Play	96
Chapter 7 USB Storage	98
USB Drive Requirements	98
File Sharing Scenarios	99
USB Storage Basic Settings	101
Editing a Network Folder	103
Configuring USB Storage Advanced Settings	104
Creating a Network Folder	106
ReadyShare Access	107
Unmounting a USB Drive	107
Specifying Approved USB Devices	108
Connecting to the USB Drive from a Remote Computer	109
Locating the Internet Port IP Address	109
Accessing the Router’s USB Drive Remotely Using FTP	109
Connecting to the USB Drive with Microsoft Network Settings	109
Enabling File and Printer Sharing	110
Chapter 8 Troubleshooting	111
Quick Tips	111
Troubleshooting Basic Functions	113
Cannot Access the Router Main Menu	115
Cannot Access the Internet	116
Troubleshooting a Network Using the Ping Utility	118
Testing the LAN Path to Your Router	118
Testing the Path from Your Computer to a Remote Device	119
Problems with Date and Time	120
Wireless Connectivity	120
Using Your Wireless Card Setup Program	120
Setting Up and Testing Basic Wireless Connectivity	121
Restoring the Default Configuration and Password	124
Appendix A Default Configuration and Technical Specifications	125
Technical Specifications	127
Appendix B Related Documents	128

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RangeMax™ Wireless-N Gigabit Router with USB WNR3500L User Manual

Customizing Your Network Settings

5-15

v1.0, November 2009

The user of a remote computer opens Internet Explorer and requests a Web page from

www.example.com, which resolves to the public IP address of your router. The remote

computer composes a Web page request message with the following destination information:

•

The destination address is the IP address of www.example.com, which is the address of

your router.

•

The destination port number is 80, the standard port number for a Web server process.

The remote computer then sends this request message through the Internet to your router.

Your router receives the request message and looks in its rules table for any rules covering the

disposition of incoming port 80 traffic. Your port forwarding rule specifies that incoming port

80 traffic should be forwarded to local IP address 192.168.1.123. Therefore, your router

modifies the destination information in the request message:

The destination address is replaced with 192.168.1.123.

Your router then sends this request message to your local network.

Your Web server at 192.168.1.123 receives the request and composes a return message with

the requested Web page data. Your Web server then sends this reply message to your router.

Your router performs Network Address Translation (NAT) on the source IP address, and sends

this request message through the Internet to the remote computer, which displays the Web

page from www.example.com.

To configure port forwarding, you need to know which inbound ports the application needs. You

usually can determine this information by contacting the publisher of the application or user

groups or newsgroups.

How Port Forwarding Differs from Port Triggering

The following points summarize the differences between port forwarding and port triggering:

•

Port triggering can be used by any computer on your network, although only one computer at a

time can use the same ports.

•

Port forwarding is configured for a single computer on your network.

•

Port triggering does not need to know the computer’s IP address in advance. The IP address is

captured automatically.

•

Port forwarding requires that you specify the computer’s IP address during configuration, and

the IP address must never change.

•

Port triggering requires specific outbound traffic to open the inbound ports, and the triggered

ports are closed after a period of no activity.

•

Port forwarding is always active and does not need to be triggered.