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Intel Q9400S Design Guidelines - Page 48

Fan Performance for Active Heatsink Thermal Solution - specs

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Intel® Thermal/Mechanical Reference Design Information 5.2.5 Fan Performance for Active Heatsink Thermal Solution The fan power requirements for proper operation are given Table 7. Table 7. Fan Electrical Performance Requirements Requirement Maximum Average fan current draw Fan start-up current draw Fan start-up current draw maximum duration Fan header voltage Tachometer output Tachometer output signal PWM signal input frequency PWM signal pull up in fan PWM signal current source PWM signal maximum voltage for logic low PWM compliant function Value 1.5 A 2.2 A 1.0 second 12 V ±5% 2 pulse per revolution Open-collector (open-drain) 21 kHz to 28 kHz 3.3 V (recommended max) 5.25 V (absolute max) Imax = 5 mA (short circuit current) VIL = 0.8 V RPM must be within spec for specified duty cycle In addition to comply with overall thermal requirements (Section 5.2.1), and the general environmental reliability requirements (Section 5.3) the fan should meet the following performance requirements:  Mechanical wear out represents the highest risk reliability parameter for fans. The capability of the functional mechanical elements (ball bearing, shaft, and tower assembly) must be demonstrated to a minimum useful lifetime of 57,000 hours.  In addition to passing the environmental reliability tests described in Section 5.3, the fan must demonstrate adequate performance after 7,500 on/off cycles with each cycle specified as 3 minutes on, 2 minutes off, at a temperature of 70 °C. See the Fan Specification for 4-wire PWM Controlled Fans for additional details on the fan specification. 48 Thermal and Mechanical Design Guidelines

Section	Page
1 Introduction	11
1.1 Document Goals and Scope	11
1.1.1 Importance of Thermal Management	11
1.1.2 Document Goals	11
1.1.3 Document Scope	12
1.2 References	13
1.3 Definition of Terms	14
2 Processor Thermal/Mechanical Information	17
2.1 Mechanical Requirements	17
2.1.1 Processor Package	17
2.1.2 Heatsink Attach	19
2.1.2.1 General Guidelines	19
2.1.2.2 Heatsink Clip Load Requirement	19
2.1.2.3 Additional Guidelines	20
2.2 Thermal Requirements	20
2.2.1 Processor Case Temperature	20
2.2.2 Thermal Profile	21
2.2.3 TCONTROL	23
2.3 Heatsink Design Considerations	24
2.3.1 Heatsink Size	25
2.3.2 Heatsink Mass	25
2.3.3 Package IHS Flatness	26
2.3.4 Thermal Interface Material	26
2.4 System Thermal Solution Considerations	27
2.4.1 Chassis Thermal Design Capabilities	27
2.4.2 Improving Chassis Thermal Performance	27
2.4.3 Summary	28
2.5 System Integration Considerations	28
3 Thermal Metrology	29
3.1 Characterizing Cooling Performance Requirements	29
3.1.1 Example	31
3.2 Processor Thermal Solution Performance Assessment	31
3.3 Local Ambient Temperature Measurement Guidelines	32
3.4 Processor Case Temperature Measurement Guidelines	34
4 Thermal Management Logic and Thermal Monitor Feature	35
4.1 Processor Power Dissipation	35
4.2 Thermal Monitor Implementation	35
4.2.1 PROCHOT# Signal	36
4.2.2 Thermal Control Circuit	36
4.2.2.1 Thermal Monitor	36
4.2.2.2 Thermal Monitor 2 (TM2)	37
4.2.3 Operation and Configuration	38
4.2.4 On-Demand Mode	39
4.2.5 System Considerations	39
4.2.6 Operating System and Application Software Considerations	40
4.2.7 THERMTRIP# Signal	40
4.2.8 Cooling System Failure Warning	40
4.2.9 Digital Thermal Sensor	41
4.2.10 Platform Environmental Control Interface (PECI)	42
5 Intel® Thermal/Mechanical Reference Design Information	43
5.1 ATX Reference Design Requirements	43
5.2 Validation Results for Reference Design	45
5.2.1 Heatsink Performance	45
5.2.2 Acoustics	46
5.2.3 Altitude	47
5.2.4 Reference Heatsink Thermal Validation	47
5.2.5 Fan Performance for Active Heatsink Thermal Solution	48
5.3 Environmental Reliability Testing	49
5.3.1 Structural Reliability Testing	49
5.3.1.1 Random Vibration Test Procedure	49
5.3.1.2 Shock Test Procedure	49
5.3.2 Power Cycling	51
5.3.3 Recommended BIOS/Processor/Memory Test Procedures	51
5.4 Material and Recycling Requirements	51
5.5 Safety Requirements	52
5.6 Geometric Envelope for Intel® Reference ATX Thermal Mechanical Design	52
5.7 Reference Attach Mechanism	53
5.7.1 Structural Design Strategy	53
5.7.2 Mechanical Interface to the Reference Attach Mechanism	54
6 Intel® Quiet System Technology (Intel® QST)	57
6.1 Intel® Quiet System Technology Algorithm	57
6.1.1 Output Weighting Matrix	58
6.1.2 Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID)	58
6.2 Board and System Implementation of Intel® Quiet System Technology	60
6.3 Intel® QST Configuration and Tuning	62