Yamaha 01V Owner's Manual - Page 172
Ducking, Threshold, Range, Attack, Decay
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Processor Types 169 THRESHOLD-This determines the level at which the gate closes, cutting off the signal. Signals above the threshold level pass through unaffected. Signals at or below the threshold, however, cause the gate to close. The trigger signal is sourced using the KEY IN parameter. RANGE-This determines the level to which the gate closes. Think of it as a brick holding a garden gate open so that a certain amount of signal always flows through. For a setting of -70 dB, the gate closes completely when the input signal falls below the threshold. For a setting of -30 dB, however, the gate half closes. For a setting of 0 dB, the gate has no effect. When signals are gated abruptly, the sudden disappearance can sometimes sound odd. This parameter causes the gate to reduce the signal level rather than cut it completely. HOLD-This determines how long the gate stays open once the trigger signal has fallen below the threshold level. ATTACK-This determines how fast the gate opens when the signal exceeds the threshold level. Slow attack times can be used to remove the initial transient edge of percussive sounds. Too slow an attack time makes some sounds appear backwards. DECAY-This determines how fast the gate closes once the hold time has expired. A longer decay time produces a more natural gating effect, allowing the natural decay of an instrument to pass through. With a maximum decay time of between 42 and 63 seconds, you could even use this for fade-outs. DUCKING Ducking is commonly used for voice-over applications in which the background music +20 level is reduced automatically when an +10 announcer speaks. Ducking is achieved by 0 Output Level (dB) triggering a compressor with a different sound source. For example, a ducker is -10 Threshold = -20dB -20 patched into the background music channel, -30 and the KEY IN signal is sourced from the -40 announcer's microphone channel. When the -50 announcer's microphone level exceeds the -60 Range = -30dB specified threshold, the background music -70 level is reduced automatically, allowing the announcer to be heard clearly. The same -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 +10 +20 Input Level (dB) technique can also be used for vocals in a mix. For example, ducking backing sounds such as rhythm guitar and synth pad during vocal phrases allows the vocals to be heard more clearly. This can also be used to bring solo instruments up in a mix. Parameter THRESHOLD RANGE HOLD ATTACK DECAY Range -54 dB to 0 dB (55 steps) -70 dB to 0 dB (71 steps) 0.02 ms-1.96 s (fs = 48 kHz) 0.02 ms-2.13 s (fs = 44.1 kHz) 0-120 ms (1 ms steps) 5 ms-42.3 s (fs = 48 kHz) 6 ms-46 s (fs = 44.1 kHz) THRESHOLD-This determines the level of trigger signal (KEY IN) required to activate ducking. Trigger signal levels below the threshold do not activate ducking. Trigger signals at and above the threshold level, however, activate ducking, and the signal level 01V-Owner's Manual