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ZyXEL GS-1548 User Guide - Page 156

Notation, Subnetting, Table 75

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Appendix A IP Addresses and Subnetting As these two IP addresses cannot be used for individual hosts, calculate the maximum number of possible hosts in a network as follows: Table 75 Maximum Host Numbers SUBNET MASK HOST ID SIZE 8 bits 16 bits 24 bits 29 bits 255.0.0.0 24 bits 255.255.0.0 16 bits 255.255.255.0 8 bits 255.255.255.248 3 bits 224 - 2 216 - 2 28 - 2 23 - 2 MAXIMUM NUMBER OF HOSTS 16777214 65534 254 6 Notation Since the mask is always a continuous number of ones beginning from the left, followed by a continuous number of zeros for the remainder of the 32 bit mask, you can simply specify the number of ones instead of writing the value of each octet. This is usually specified by writing a "/" followed by the number of bits in the mask after the address. For example, 192.1.1.0 /25 is equivalent to saying 192.1.1.0 with subnet mask 255.255.255.128. The following table shows some possible subnet masks using both notations. Table 76 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation SUBNET MASK ALTERNATIVE LAST OCTET NOTATION (BINARY) 255.255.255.0 /24 0000 0000 255.255.255.128 /25 1000 0000 255.255.255.192 /26 1100 0000 255.255.255.224 /27 1110 0000 255.255.255.240 /28 1111 0000 255.255.255.248 /29 1111 1000 255.255.255.252 /30 1111 1100 LAST OCTET (DECIMAL) 0 128 192 224 240 248 252 Subnetting You can use subnetting to divide one network into multiple sub-networks. In the following example a network administrator creates two sub-networks to isolate a group of servers from the rest of the company network for security reasons. 156 GS-1524/GS-1548 User's Guide

Section	Page
GS-1524 / GS-1548	1
About This User's Guide	3
Document Conventions	5
Safety Warnings	7
Contents Overview	9
Table of Contents	11
Introduction and Hardware Overview	17
Getting to Know Your Switch	19
1.1 Introduction	19
1.1.1 Backbone Application	19
1.1.2 Bridging Example	20
1.1.3 High Performance Switching Example	21
1.1.4 IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Application Examples	21
Hardware Installation and Connection	23
2.1 Freestanding Installation	23
2.2 Mounting the Switch on a Rack	24
2.2.1 Rack-mounted Installation Requirements	24
2.2.2 Attaching the Mounting Brackets to the Switch	24
2.2.3 Mounting the Switch on a Rack	25
Hardware Overview	27
3.1 Front Panel	27
3.1.1 Ethernet Ports	28
3.1.2 Mini-GBIC Slots	28
3.2 The RESET Button	30
3.3 LEDs	30
3.4 Rear Panel	31
3.4.1 Power Connector	32
Basic & Advanced Settings	33
The Web Configurator	35
4.1 Introduction	35
4.2 System Login	35
4.3 The Status Screen	36
4.3.1 The LED Panel	37
4.3.2 The Navigation Panel	37
4.3.3 Change Your Password	39
4.4 Saving Your Configuration	39
4.5 Switch Lockout	40
4.6 Resetting the Switch	40
4.7 Logging Out of the Web Configurator	41
4.8 Help	41
System	43
5.1 System Screen	43
5.1.1 Configure IP Address	44
5.1.2 Layer 2 (L2) Table Aging	45
5.1.3 Backup Settings	45
5.1.4 Restore Settings	46
5.2 System: Change Password	47
5.3 Firmware Upgrade	47
5.3.1 System: Restart/Reset	48
Port Settings	49
6.1 Port Status	49
6.2 Port Configuration	50
System and Port Statistics	53
7.1 Overview	53
7.2 Statistics Summary	53
7.3 Port Statistics	54
VLAN	57
8.1 Introduction to IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLANs	57
8.1.1 Forwarding Tagged and Untagged Frames	57
8.2 Static VLAN	58
8.2.1 IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Screen	58
8.2.2 Create IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Screen	59
8.2.3 Edit IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Screen	60
Trunking	63
9.1 Trunking Overview	63
9.1.1 Distribution Criteria	63
9.2 Trunk Setting Screen	64
Mirroring	65
10.1 Port Mirroring Settings	65
QoS	67
11.1 QoS Overview	67
11.1.1 Weighted Round Robin (WRR)	67
11.1.2 Strict Priority	68
11.2 QoS Enhancement	68
11.3 Configuring QoS	69
11.3.1 Change Number of Queues	70
11.4 Advanced QoS Settings	70
11.4.1 Port Based QoS	71
11.4.2 DSCP Based QoS	72
11.4.3 Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) Overview	72
11.4.4 DSCP Based QoS Screen	73
11.4.5 ToS Based QoS	74
11.4.6 IP Address Based QoS	75
Port Rate Limit and Storm Control	77
12.1 Port Rate Screen	77
12.1.1 Rate Limit Screen	78
12.1.2 Broadcast Storm Control Setup	79
Layer 2 (L2) Management	83
13.1 Configuring L2 Management	83
13.1.1 Add a Static MAC Address Entry	84
13.2 Viewing the L2 Address Table	85
Cable Diagnostics	87
14.1 Diagnostics Overview	87
Auto Denial of Service (DoS)	89
15.1 About Denial of Service Attacks	89
15.1.1 DoS Attacks Summary	89
15.2 Global Auto DoS Attack Prevention	90
15.3 Advanced Auto DoS Attack Prevention	91
Auto VoIP	93
16.1 About Auto VoIP	93
16.2 Auto VoIP Settings	94
Management and Troubleshooting	95
Event Logging	97
17.1 Event Logging Overview	97
17.2 Logging Screen	98
17.3 Logging: Add Server	99
17.4 Viewing RAM and Flash Logs	99
17.5 Searching RAM and Flash Logs	102
17.5.1 Search Results	103
SNMP	105
18.1 About SNMP	105
18.1.1 Supported MIBs	106
18.1.2 SNMP Traps	107
18.1.3 SNMP v3 and Authentication	107
18.1.4 SNMP EngineID	107
18.2 SNMP Group	108
18.2.1 SNMP Group: Create	109
18.2.2 SNMP Group: Modify	110
18.3 SNMP User	110
18.3.1 SNMP User: Create	112
18.3.2 SNMP User: Modify	113
18.4 SNMP Community	114
18.4.1 SNMP Community: Create	115
18.4.2 SNMP Community: Modify	116
18.5 SNMP Notification	116
18.6 SNMP Trap Station	117
18.6.1 SNMP Trap Station: Create	119
18.6.2 SNMP Trap Station: Modify	119
RMON-Lite	121
19.1 RMON-Lite Overview	121
19.2 RMON Statistics: Overview	122
19.3 RMON-Lite Statistics: Port	123
19.4 RMON-Lite History MIB	124
19.4.1 RMON History Control: Overview	125
19.4.2 RMON History Control: Modify	126
19.4.3 RMON History Statistics: Overview	127
19.4.4 RMON History Statistics: Control	128
19.5 RMON Alarm: Overview	129
19.5.1 RMON Alarm: Create New Alarm	130
19.6 RMON Event: Overview	132
19.6.1 RMON Event: Create New Event	133
19.7 RMON Event Log: Overview	134
19.7.1 RMON Event Log: Event	135
Dynamic ARP	137
20.1 ARP Table Overview	137
20.1.1 ARP Table Entries	137
20.1.2 How Dynamic ARP Works	137
20.2 Enabling Dynamic ARP	138
20.3 Viewing ARP Table Entries	139
20.4 Adding ARP Table Entries	140
Troubleshooting	141
21.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs	141
21.2 Switch Access and Login	142
Product Specifications	145
22.1 General Switch Specifications	145
Appendices and Index	151
IP Addresses and Subnetting	153
Legal Information	163