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Similarly, B1, B2, B3 and C1, C2, C3 ar blocks of data from the B and C files.

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Chapter 5 Storage • Mirroring In a RAID system using mirroring, all data in the system is written simultaneously to two hard disks instead of one. This provides 100% data redundancy as if one disk fails the other has the duplicated data. Mirroring setups always require an even number of drives. • Duplexing Like in mirroring, all data is duplicated onto two distinct physical hard drives but in addition it also duplicates the hardware that controls the two hard drives (one of the drives would be connected to one adapter and the other to a second adapter). • Striping Striping is the breaking up of data and storing different data pieces on each of the drives in an array. This allows faster reading and writing as it can be done simultaneously across disks. Striping can be done at the byte level, or in blocks. Byte-level striping means that the first byte of the file is sent to the first drive, then the second to the second drive, and so on. Block-level striping means that each file is split into blocks of a certain size and those are distributed to the various drives. The size of the blocks used is also called the stripe size (or block size). • Parity In mirroring 50% of the drives in the array are reserved for duplicate data. Parity is another way to allow data recovery in the event of disk failure using calculations rather than duplicating the data. If you have 'n' pieces of data, parity computes an extra piece of data. The'n+1' pieces of data are stored on 'n+1'drives. If you lose any one of the 'n+1' pieces of data, you can recreate it from the 'n' that remain, regardless of which piece is lost. Parity protection is used with striping, and the "n" pieces of data are typically the blocks or bytes distributed across the drives in the array. The parity information can either be stored on a separate, dedicated drive, or be mixed with the data across all the drives in the array. Note: In the following figures, A1, A2, A3 and so on are blocks of data from the A file. Similarly, B1, B2, B3 and C1, C2, C3 ar blocks of data from the B and C files. JBOD JBOD allows you to combine multiple physical disk drives into a single virtual one, so they appear as a single large disk. JBOD can be used to turn multiple differentsized drives into one big drive. For example, JBOD could convert 80 GB and 100 GB drives into one large logical drive of 180 GB. If you have two JBOD volumes (with one disk in each), a failure of one disk (volume) should not affect the other volume (disk). JBOD read performance is not as good as RAID as only one disk can be read at a time and they must be read sequentially. The following figure 122 NSA-220 Plus User's Guide

Section	Page
NSA-220 Plus	1
About This User's Guide	3
Document Conventions	5
Safety Warnings	7
Contents Overview	9
Table of Contents	11
User’s Guide	19
Getting to Know Your NSA	21
1.1 NSA Overview	21
1.1.1 LEDs	23
1.1.2 COPY/SYNC Button	25
1.1.3 RESET Button	25
Web Configurator Basics	27
2.1 Overview	27
2.2 Accessing the NSA Web Configurator	27
2.2.1 Access the NSA Via NDU	28
2.2.2 Web Browser Access	28
2.3 Login	29
2.4 User-level Screens Overview	30
2.5 My NSA Screens	31
2.5.1 My NSA Share Browsing Screen	32
2.5.2 My NSA Share Browsing Move or Copy Screen	35
2.5.3 My NSA Configuration Screen	36
2.5.4 My NSA Edit Share Screen	37
2.5.5 Share and Folder Names	38
2.5.6 Share Paths	39
2.5.7 Password Screen	40
2.6 Administration Screens	41
2.6.1 Global Administration Icons	41
2.6.2 Navigation Panel	42
2.6.3 Main Window	44
2.6.4 Status Messages	44
2.6.5 Common Screen Icons	44
2.7 The Status Screen	46
2.7.1 Session Example (Windows)	48
Tutorials	49
3.1 Overview	49
3.2 File Sharing Tutorials	49
3.2.1 Creating a User Account	49
3.2.2 Creating a Share	52
3.2.3 Creating a Group	53
3.2.4 Accessing a Share From Windows Explorer	54
3.2.5 Accessing a Share Using FTP	56
3.2.6 Accessing a Share Through the Web Configurator	58
3.3 Download Service Tutorial	59
3.3.1 Copying/Pasting a Download Link	59
3.3.2 Installing the Link Capture Browser Plugin	62
3.3.3 Using the Link Capture Browser Plugin	67
3.3.4 Configuring the Download Service Preferences	69
3.3.5 Using Download Service Notification	71
3.4 Broadcatching Tutorial	75
3.5 Printer Server Tutorial	78
3.6 Copy and Flickr Auto Upload Tutorial	80
3.7 FTP Uploadr Tutorial	82
3.8 Web Configurator’s Security Sessions	86
3.8.1 Customizing the NSA’s Certificate	86
3.8.2 Downloading and Installing Customized Certificate	88
3.8.3 Turn on the NSA’s Web Security	92
3.9 Using FTPS to Connect to the NSA	98
3.10 Using a MAC to Access the NSA	99
3.10.1 Finder	100
3.10.2 Go Menu	101
Technical Reference	103
System Setting	105
4.1 Overview	105
4.1.1 What You Can Do in the System Setting Screens	105
4.1.2 What You Need to Know About System Settings	105
4.2 The Server Name Screen	106
4.3 The Date/Time Screen	107
Storage	111
5.1 Overview	111
5.1.1 What You Need to Know About Storage	111
5.2 The Storage Screen	112
5.2.1 Disk Replacement Restrictions	112
5.2.2 Displaying the Storage Screen	113
5.3 Creating an Internal Volume	115
5.3.1 Volume Status	116
5.4 Editing a Volume	117
5.5 Creating an External Volume	118
5.5.1 External Disks	119
5.6 Storage Technical Reference	120
5.6.1 Volumes and RAID	120
5.6.2 Choosing a Storage Method for a Volume	121
5.6.3 Storage Methods	121
Network	125
6.1 Overview	125
6.1.1 What You Can Do in the Network Screens	125
6.1.2 What You Need to Know About Network	125
6.2 The TCP/IP Screen	126
6.2.1 Jumbo Frames	126
6.2.2 Configuring the TCP/IP Screen	127
6.3 The PPPoE Screen	129
Applications	131
7.1 Overview	131
7.1.1 What You Can Do in the Application Screens	131
7.1.2 What You Need to Know About Applications	131
7.2 The FTP Screen	133
7.3 The Media Server Screen	135
7.3.1 Sharing Media Files on Your Network	135
7.3.2 Configuring the Media Server Screen	136
7.4 The Download Service Screen	138
7.4.1 Download Service	138
7.4.2 Configuring the Download Service Screen	139
7.4.3 Adding a Download Task	142
7.4.4 Link Capture Browser Plugin	143
7.4.5 Download Service Notification	144
7.4.6 Configuring Download Service General Settings	145
7.4.7 Configuring the BitTorrent Settings	146
7.4.8 Displaying the Download Task Information	149
7.4.9 BitTorrent Security	150
7.5 The Web Publishing Screen	152
7.5.1 Web Publishing Example	153
7.5.2 Web Publishing	155
7.6 The Broadcatching Screen	158
7.6.1 Adding or Editing a Broadcatching Channel	160
7.6.2 Channel Guides	161
7.7 The Print Server Screen	162
7.7.1 Printer Sharing	162
7.7.2 Configuring the Print Server Screen	162
7.7.3 Print Server Rename	163
7.8 The Copy/Sync Button Screen	164
7.8.1 Copying Files	164
7.8.2 Synchronizing Files	165
7.8.3 Configuring the Copy/Sync Button Screen	167
7.9 The Flickr/YouTube Screen	169
7.9.1 Configuring the Flickr Settings	170
7.9.2 Configuring the YouTube Settings	175
7.10 The FTP Uploadr Screen	178
7.10.1 Adding or Editing an FTP Server Entry	180
7.10.2 The FTP Uploadr Preferences Screen	181
Package Management	183
8.1 Overview	183
8.2 What You Can Do	183
8.3 What You Need to Know	183
8.4 Package Management Screen	184
8.4.1 Displaying the Package Information	187
8.5 eMule Screens	188
8.5.1 eMule Server Screen	188
8.5.2 Add Server	189
8.5.3 Edit Server	190
8.5.4 My Info	191
8.5.5 eMule Task Screen	192
8.5.6 Add Task	194
8.5.7 Preferences	196
8.5.8 Edit IP Filter	199
8.5.9 Share Browsing	200
8.5.10 Task Info	201
8.5.11 eMule Search Screen	203
8.6 DyDNS Screen	204
8.7 NFS Screen	205
8.7.1 Add/Edit NFS Share	207
8.7.2 NFS Session	208
8.8 SMART Screen	209
8.8.1 SMART Brief Summary	210
8.8.2 SMART Full Summary	211
8.9 Protect Screens	213
8.10 Backup Screens	213
8.10.1 Backup: Step 1	215
8.10.2 Backup: Step 2	217
8.10.3 Backup: Step 3	220
8.10.4 Backup: Step 4	221
8.10.5 Edit Job Screen	222
8.10.6 Edit Job: Step 1	223
8.10.7 Edit Job: Step 2	225
8.10.8 Restore Archive Screen	226
8.10.9 Restore Archive: Step 1	226
8.10.10 Restore Archive: Step 2	227
8.10.11 Restore Archive: Step 3	228
8.11 Restore Screen	229
8.11.1 Restore: Step 1	229
8.11.2 Restore: Step 2	230
8.11.3 Restore: Step 3	231
8.11.4 Restore: Step 4	232
8.12 Technical Reference	233
8.12.1 S.M.A.R.T Attributes	233
Users	237
9.1 Overview	237
9.1.1 What You Can Do in the Users Screen	237
9.2 The Users Screen	238
9.2.1 User Icons	239
9.3 Adding or Editing an Account	240
9.3.1 Usernames	241
9.4 Displaying User Info	242
Groups	243
10.1 Overview	243
10.1.1 What You Can Do in the Groups Screen	243
10.2 The Groups Screen	243
10.2.1 Adding or Editing a Group	245
10.2.2 Group Names	246
Shares	247
11.1 Overview	247
11.1.1 What You Can Do in the Shares Screens	247
11.2 The Shares Screen	248
11.3 Adding or Editing Share	250
11.3.1 Configuring Advanced Share Access	251
11.3.2 Public and ANONYMOUS Share Access Rights	252
11.4 The Recycle-Bin Configuration Screen	253
11.4.1 Recycle Bins	253
11.4.2 Configuring Recycle Bins	253
11.5 The Share Browser Screen	254
11.5.1 Moving or Copying Files	256
Maintenance Screens	257
12.1 Overview	257
12.1.1 What You Can Do in the Maintenance Screens	257
12.2 The Power Management Screen	258
12.2.1 Editing the Power Control Schedule Screen	260
12.3 The Log Screen	262
12.3.1 Log Classes	263
12.4 Log Severity Levels	263
12.4.1 Log Messages	263
12.5 The Configuration Screen	270
12.6 SSL	271
12.6.1 Modifying or Creating a Certificate	273
12.7 The Firmware Upgrade Screen	274
12.8 The Shutdown Screen	275
Protecting Your Data	277
13.1 Overview	277
13.2 Protection Methods	277
13.2.1 Configuration File Backup and Restoration	278
13.2.2 Memeo Autobackup	278
Troubleshooting and Specifications	279
Troubleshooting	281
14.1 Troubleshooting Overview	281
14.2 Power, Hardware, Connections, and LEDs	281
14.3 NSA Login and Access	283
14.3.1 Reset the NSA	284
14.3.2 Enabling Scripting of Safe ActiveX Controls	285
14.4 I Cannot Access The NSA	288
14.5 External USB Drives	288
14.6 Some Features’ Screens Do Not Display	289
14.7 Media Server Functions	289
14.8 Download Service and Broadcatching Functions	292
14.9 Web Publishing	292
14.10 Auto Upload	293
Product Specifications	295
15.1 Physical Features	295
15.2 Firmware Features	296
15.3 Specification Tables	297
15.4 Supported Media Server Content Formats	300
15.5 Supported iTunes Server Content Formats	301
15.6 Power Consumption	301
Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address	303
Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions	319
Common Services	329
Importing Certificates	333
Open Source Licences	365
Legal Information	511

Match case Limit results 1 per page

Chapter 5 Storage

NSA-220 Plus User’s Guide

122

• Mirroring

In a RAID system using mirroring, all data in the system is written

simultaneously to two hard disks instead of one. This provides 100% data

redundancy as if one disk fails the other has the duplicated data. Mirroring

setups always require an even number of drives.

• Duplexing

Like in mirroring, all data is duplicated onto two distinct physical hard drives but

in addition it also duplicates the hardware that controls the two hard drives (one

of the drives would be connected to one adapter and the other to a second

adapter).

• Striping

Striping is the breaking up of data and storing different data pieces on each of

the drives in an array. This allows faster reading and writing as it can be done

simultaneously across disks. Striping can be done at the byte level, or in blocks.

Byte-level striping means that the first byte of the file is sent to the first drive,

then the second to the second drive, and so on. Block-level striping means that

each file is split into blocks of a certain size and those are distributed to the

various drives. The size of the blocks used is also called the stripe size (or block

size).

• Parity

In mirroring 50% of the drives in the array are reserved for duplicate data.

Parity is another way to allow data recovery in the event of disk failure using

calculations rather than duplicating the data. If you have ‘n’ pieces of data,

parity computes an extra piece of data. The’n+1’ pieces of data are stored on

‘n+1’drives. If you lose any one of the ‘n+1’ pieces of data, you can recreate it

from the ‘n’ that remain, regardless of which piece is lost. Parity protection is

used with striping, and the “n” pieces of data are typically the blocks or bytes

distributed across the drives in the array. The parity information can either be

stored on a separate, dedicated drive, or be mixed with the data across all the

drives in the array.

Note: In the following figures, A1, A2, A3 and so on are blocks of data from the A file.

Similarly, B1, B2, B3 and C1, C2, C3 ar blocks of data from the B and C files.

JBOD

JBOD allows you to combine multiple physical disk drives into a single virtual one,

so they appear as a single large disk. JBOD can be used to turn multiple different-

sized drives into one big drive. For example, JBOD could convert 80 GB and 100

GB drives into one large logical drive of 180 GB. If you have two JBOD volumes

(with one disk in each), a failure of one disk (volume) should not affect the other

volume (disk). JBOD read performance is not as good as RAID as only one disk

can be read at a time and they must be read sequentially.

The following figure