HP 6125G HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi
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- HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 1
HP 6125 Blade Switch Series Layer 3 - IP Routing Configuration Guide Part number: 5998-3157 Software version: Release 2103 Document version: 6W100-20120907 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 2
, or use of this material. The only warranties for HP products and services are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty. HP shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 3
Route recursion 3 Route redistribution 4 Displaying and maintaining a routing table 4 Configuring static routing 6 Introduction 6 Static route 6 Default route 6 Static route configuration items 6 Configuring a static route 7 Configuring BFD for static routes 8 BFD control mode 8 BFD echo - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 4
mode 43 Troubleshooting RIP 47 No RIP updates received 47 Route oscillation occurred 47 Configuring OSPF 48 Overview 48 Basic concepts 48 Area based OSPF network partition 50 Router types 53 OSPF network classification 54 DR and BDR 55 OSPF packet formats 56 Supported features 64 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 5
an OSPF stub area 98 Configuring an OSPF NSSA area 100 Configuring OSPF DR election 102 Configuring OSPF virtual links 106 Configuring OSPF Graceful Restart 108 Configuring route filtering 110 Configuring BFD for OSPF 113 Troubleshooting OSPF configuration 116 No OSPF neighbor relationship - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 6
141 Specifying a preferred value for routes received 141 Configuring preferences for BGP routes 141 Configuring the default local preference 142 Configuring the MED attribute 142 Configuring the NEXT_HOP attribute 144 Configuring the AS_PATH attribute 145 Tuning and optimizing BGP networks - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 7
example 177 BGP GR configuration example 180 BFD for BGP configuration example 181 Troubleshooting BGP 186 BGP peer relationship not established 186 Configuring IPv6 static routing 188 Overview 188 IPv6 static routes features 188 Default IPv6 route 188 Configuring an IPv6 static route - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 8
GR Helper 218 Displaying and maintaining OSPFv3 219 OSPFv3 configuration examples 220 Configuring OSPFv3 areas 220 Configuring OSPFv3 DR election 223 Configuring OSPFv3 GR 226 Troubleshooting OSPFv3 configuration 228 No OSPFv3 neighbor relationship established 228 Incorrect routing - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 9
247 Resetting IPv6 BGP connections 248 Clearing IPv6 BGP information 248 IPv6 BGP configuration examples 248 IPv6 BGP basic configuration example 249 IPv6 BGP route reflector configuration example 251 Troubleshooting IPv6 BGP configuration 252 IPv6 BGP peer relationship not established 252 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 10
the QoS policy 294 Displaying and maintaining PBR configuration 294 PBR configuration examples 295 IPv4 PBR configuration example 295 IPv6 PBR configuration example 296 Support and other resources 298 Contacting HP 298 Subscription service 298 Related information 298 Documents 298 Websites - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 11
Configuration Guide. The term "router" in this chapter refers to both routers and Layer 3 switches see Layer 3-IP Services Configuration Guide. Routes can be classified route-A static route is manually configured by an administrator. • Dynamic display ip routing-table command: display ip - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 12
They are suitable for large networks. Compared with static routing, dynamic routing protocols require more resources, and are complicated to configure. Dynamic routing protocols can be classified based on different criteria, as shown in Table 2: Table 2 Dynamic routing protocols Criterion Optional - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 13
route is always 0 and cannot be changed. You can manually configure preferences for any other route type. Each static route can be configured with a different preference. The following table lists the types of routes and the default preferences. The smaller the preference value, the higher the - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 14
routing protocols in this configuration guide. Displaying and maintaining a routing table Task Command Remarks Display information about vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] { protocol | all } Available in user view Display IPv6 routing table information. display ipv6 routing-table [ vpn-instance - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 15
Task Command Remarks Display routing information permitted by an IPv6 ACL. display ipv6 routing-table [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] acl acl6- routing statistics. reset ipv6 routing-table statistics protocol [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] Available in user view { protocol | all } 5 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 16
routes manually. The term "router" in this chapter refers to both routers and Layer 3 switches. Default route Without a default route, a packet that does not match any routing entries is discarded. A default route is used to forward packets that do not match any routing entry. It can be configured - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 17
0.0.0.0 with the ip route-static command, then the route is the default route. • For more information about track, see High Availability Configuration Guide. To configure a static route: Step 1. Enter system view. 2. Configure a static route. Command Remarks system-view N/A • Approach 1: ip - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 18
Configure the default preference for static routes. Command ip route-static default-preference default-preference-value Remarks Optional. 60 by default. Configuring . For more information about BFD, see High Availability Configuration Guide. A dynamic routing protocol notifies BFD of its neighbor - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 19
-number next-hop-address bfd echo-packet [ preference preference-value ] [ tag tag-value ] [ description description-text ] Not configured by default. For more information about this command, see High Availability Command Reference. Use either approach. Displaying and maintaining static routes 9 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 20
static routes in Figure 1 for interconnection between any two hosts. Figure 1 Network diagram Configuration procedure 1. Configure IP addresses for interfaces. (Details not shown.) 2. Configure static routes: # Configure a default route on Switch A. system-view [SwitchA] ip route-static - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 21
Configure the default gateways of hosts A, B, and C as 1.1.2.3, 1.1.6.1, and 1.1.3.1. (Details not shown.) 4. Verify the configuration: # Display the IP routing table on Switch 1.1.6.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 # Use the ping command on Host B to test the reachability of Host A (assuming - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 22
= 1ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 1ms # Use the tracert command on Host B to test the reachability of Host A. C:\Documents and Settings Configuration procedure 1. Configure IP addresses for the interfaces. (Details not shown.) 2. Configure static routes and BFD: # Configure static routes on Switch - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 23
10 12.1.1.1 bfd control-packet [SwitchB] ip route-static 121.1.1.0 24 vlan-interface 13 13.1.1.2 preference 65 [SwitchB] quit # Configure static routes on Switch C. system-view [SwitchC] ip route-static 120.1.1.0 24 vlan-interface 13 13.1.1.1 [SwitchC] ip route-static 121.1.1.0 24 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 24
IP address 11.1.1.1/24 13.1.1.1/24 2.2.2.9/32 12.1.1.2/24 11.1.1.2/24 Configuration procedure 1. Configure IP addresses for the interfaces. (Details not shown.) 2. Configure static routes and BFD: # Configure static routes on Switch A and enable BFD control mode for the static route that traverses - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 25
] ip route-static 120.1.1.0 24 vlan-interface 13 13.1.1.1 [SwitchC] ip route-static 121.1.1.0 24 vlan-interface 11 10.1.1.102 # Configure static routes on Switch D. system-view [SwitchD] ip route-static 120.1.1.0 24 vlan-interface 12 11.1.1.1 [SwitchD] ip route-static 121.1.1.0 24 vlan - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 26
Static 65 0 10.1.1.100 Vlan11 The output shows that Switch A communicates with Switch B through VLAN-interface 10. When the link over VLAN-interface 10 fails, Switch A can quickly detect the failure. # Display static routes on Switch A again. display ip routing-table protocol static - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 27
Configuring RIP Overview Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a distance-vector interior gateway protocol suited to small-sized networks. It employs UDP to exchange route information through port 520. The term "router" in this chapter refers to both routers and Layer 3 switches. RIP route entries - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 28
routers can receive these updates to reduce resource consumption. • Supports simple authentication and MD5 authentication to enhance security. NOTE: RIPv2 supports two transmission modes: broadcast and multicast. Multicast is the default mode using 224.0.0.9 as the multicast address. An interface - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 29
RIPv1 message format Figure 4 RIPv1 message format • Command-Type of message. 1 indicates request, which is used to request all or part of the routing information from the neighbor; 2 indicates response, which contains all - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 30
is adopted. NOTE: Even thougn with RIPv1, you can configure the authentication mode in interface view, the configuration will not take effect because RIPv1 does not support authentication. Supported RIP features The current implementation supports the following RIP features: • RIPv1 and RIPv2 • RIP - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 31
default route Configuring inbound or outbound route filtering Optional Optional Optional Configuring a priority for RIP Optional Configuring RIP route redistribution Optional Configuring RIP timers Optional Configuring can enable RIP on all interfaces using the command network 0.0.0.0. 21 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 32
-view rip [ process-id ] [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] network network-address Remarks N/A Disabled by default. Disabled by default. Configuring the interface behavior Step 1. Enter system view. Command system-view 2. Enter RIP view. rip [ process-id ] [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 33
an 8-bit Type of Service (ToS) field. As defined in RFC 2474, the first six bits set the Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) value Command system-view rip [ process-id ] [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] dscp dscp-value Remarks N/A By default, no RIP process is created. Optional. By default, - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 34
of the route will be 16. To configure additional routing metrics: Step 1. Enter system view. Command system-view 2. Enter interface view. interface value Remarks N/A N/A Optional. 0 by default. Optional. 1 by default. Configuring RIPv2 route summarization Route summarization means that subnets - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 35
RIP from receiving host routes. Command system-view rip [ process-id ] [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] undo host-route Remarks N/A N/A Enabled by default. Advertising a default route Under the following conditions, you can configure RIP to advertise a default route with a specified metric to - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 36
default route does not receive default routes from RIP neighbors. Configuring inbound or outbound route filtering The device supports route filtering. You can filter routes by configuring interface-number ] Not configured by default. The filter-policy import command filters incoming routes. Routes - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 37
export [ protocol [ process-id ] | interface-type interface-number ] Remarks Not configured by default. The filter-policy export command filters outgoing routes, including routes redistributed with the import-route command. Configuring a priority for RIP Multiple IGP protocols can run in a router - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 38
RIP view. 3. Configure values for RIP timers. Command system-view rip [ process-id ] [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] timers { garbage-collect garbage-collect-value | suppress suppress-value | timeout timeout-value | update update-value } * Remarks N/A N/A Optional. The default update timer - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 39
Command system-view interface interface-type interface-number rip poison-reverse Remarks N/A N/A Disabled by default. Configuring default. Enabling source IP address check on incoming RIP updates You can enable source IP address check on incoming RIP updates. For a message received on an Ethernet - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 40
Enter RIP view. 3. Enable source IP address check on incoming RIP messages. Command system-view rip [ process-id ] [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] validate-source-address Remarks N/A N/A Optional. Enabled by default. Configuring RIPv2 message authentication In a network requiring high security - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 41
RIP to MIB. Command system-view rip mib-binding process-id Remarks N/A Optional. By default, MIB is bound to RIP process 1. Configuring the RIP packet . To solve this problem, specify the maximum number of RIP packets that can be sent at the specified interval. To configure the RIP packet sending - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 42
the source IP address of BFD echo packets. Command bfd echo-source-ip ip-address 3. Enter interface view. 4. Enable BFD on the RIP interface. interface interface-type interface-number rip bfd enable Remarks By default, no source IP address is configured for BFD echo packets. N/A Disabled by - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 43
Task Command Remarks Display routing information about a specified RIP user view RIP configuration examples Configuring RIP version Network requirements As shown in Figure 7, enable RIPv2 on all interfaces on Switch A and Switch B. Figure 7 Network diagram Configuration procedure 1. Configure - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 44
redistribution Network requirements In the following figure, two RIP processes are running on Switch B, which communicates with Switch A through RIP 100 and with Switch C through RIP 200. Configure route redistribution on Switch B to make RIP 200 redistribute direct routes and routes from RIP 100 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 45
Vlan400 16.4.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 3. Configure route redistribution: # On Switch B, configure RIP 200 to redistribute direct routes and routes from RIP 100. [SwitchB] rip 200 [SwitchB - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 46
on all the interfaces of Switch A, Switch B, Switch C, Switch D, and Switch E. The switches are interconnected through RIPv2. Switch A has two links to Switch D. The link from Switch B to Switch D is more stable than that from Switch C to Switch D. Configure an additional metric for RIP routes - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 47
> system-view [SwitchD] rip 1 [SwitchD-rip-1] network 1.0.0.0 [SwitchD-rip-1] version 2 [SwitchD-rip-1] undo summary # Configure Switch E. system-view [SwitchE] rip 1 [SwitchE-rip-1] network 1.0.0.0 [SwitchE-rip-1] version 2 [SwitchE-rip-1] undo summary # Display the IP routing table of - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 48
RIP to advertise a summary route Network requirements In the following figure, Switch A and Switch B run OSPF, Switch D runs RIP, and Switch C runs OSPF and RIP. Configure RIP to redistribute OSPF routes on Switch C so that Switch D has routes destined for networks 10.1.1.0/24, 10.2.1.0/24, 10 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 49
10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 [SwitchC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.2.1.0 0.0.0.255 [SwitchC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit [SwitchC-ospf-1] quit 3. Configure RIP basic functions: # Configure Switch C. system-view [SwitchC] rip 1 [SwitchC-rip-1] network 11.3.1.0 [SwitchC-rip-1] version 2 [SwitchC-rip - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 50
is enabled on VLAN-interface 100 of Switch A. Switch A is connected to Switch C through Switch B. VLAN-interface 200 on Switch A runs RIP process 2; VLAN-interface 300 on Switch C, and VLAN-interface 200 and VLAN-interface 300 on Switch B run RIP process 1. Configure a static route and enable static - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 51
] quit [SwitchA] rip 2 [SwitchA-rip-2] version 2 [SwitchA-rip-2] undo summary [SwitchA-rip-2] network 192.168.2.0 [SwitchA-rip-2] quit # Configure Switch B. system-view [SwitchB] rip 1 [SwitchB-rip-1] version 2 [SwitchB-rip-1] undo summary [SwitchB-rip-1] network 192.168.2.0 [SwitchB - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 52
summary [SwitchC-rip-1] network 192.168.1.0 [SwitchC-rip-1] network 192.168.3.0 [SwitchC-rip-1] import-route static [SwitchC-rip-1] quit 3. Configure BFD parameters on Switch A. [SwitchA] bfd session init-mode active [SwitchA] bfd echo-source-ip 11.11.11.11 [SwitchA] interface vlan-interface - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 53
interface 100 on Switch B run RIP process 1. Configure a static route to Switch C on Switch A, and configure a static route to Switch A on Switch C. Enable BFD on VLAN-interface 100 of Switch A and VLAN-interface 200 of Switch C. Switch A is connected to Switch C through Switch D. VLAN-interface 300 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 54
] quit [SwitchA] rip 2 [SwitchA-rip-2] version 2 [SwitchA-rip-2] undo summary [SwitchA-rip-2] network 192.168.3.0 [SwitchA-rip-2] quit # Configure Switch C. system-view [SwitchC] rip 1 [SwitchC-rip-1] version 2 [SwitchC-rip-1] undo summary [SwitchC-rip-1] network 192.168.2.0 [SwitchC - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 55
route-static 192.168.2.0 24 vlan-interface 100 192.168.1.2 [SwitchA] ip route-static 101.1.1.0 24 null 0 [SwitchA] quit # Configure a static route to Switch A on Switch C. [SwitchC] ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 vlan-interface 200 192.168.2.1 [SwitchC] ip route-static 100.1.1.0 24 null 0 IMPORTANT - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 56
/RD SourceAddr DestAddr State Holdtime Interface 6/3 192.168.1.1 192.168.2.2 Up 1700ms vlan100 # Display routes destined for 100.1.1.0/24 on Switch A. display ip routing-table 100.1.1.0 24 verbose Routing Table : Public Summary Count : 2 Destination: 100.1.1.0/24 Protocol: RIP - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 57
Troubleshooting RIP No RIP updates received Symptom No RIP updates are received when the links function. Analysis After enabling RIP, you must use the network command to enable corresponding interfaces. Make sure no interfaces are disabled from handling RIP messages. If the peer is configured - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 58
Configuring OSPF Overview Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a link state interior gateway term "router" in this chapter refers to both routers and Layer 3 switches. OSPF has the following features: • Wide scope-Supports various network sizes and up to several hundred routers in an OSPF routing - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 59
Router ID An OSPF process running on a router must have its own router ID. This ID is a 32-bit unsigned integer that uniquely identifies the router in the AS. OSPF packets OSPF uses the following types of packets: • Hello-Periodically sent to find and maintain neighbors, containing the values of - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 60
, the requirements may not be satisfied due to lack of physical links. OSPF virtual links can solve this problem. A virtual link is established between two ABRs through a non-backbone area and is configured on both ABRs to take effect. The non-backbone area is called a transit area. In the following - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 61
reduced significantly. The ABR generates a default route into the area. You can configure the stub area as a totally stub configure an area as a stub area, the stub command must be configured on routers in the area. • To configure an area as a totally stub area, the stub command must be configured - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 62
an NSSA area. Virtual links cannot transit NSSA areas. Figure 16 NSSA area Comparison between the areas Figure 17 Comparison between the areas A Type 3 default route can be distributed in the area, while Type 3 and Type 5 LSAs cannot be distributed in the area Totally Stub area Permits Type 3 LSAs - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 63
Router types Router classification The following are OSPF router types and their positions in the AS: • Internal router-All interfaces on an internal router belong to one OSPF area. • Area Border Router (ABR)-An ABR belongs to more than two areas, one of which must be the backbone area. It connects - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 64
the link layer protocol is Ethernet or FDDI, OSPF considers the network type as broadcast by default. On a broadcast network, default network type, but P2MP is a conversion from another network type, such as NBMA. • On a NBMA network, OSPF packets are unicast, and neighbors are manually configured - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 65
calculation errors. The Backup Designated Router (BDR) can solve this problem. The BDR is elected along with the DR and establishes adjacencies with number of adjacencies is reduced. In Figure 19, solid lines are Ethernet physical links, and dashed lines represent OSPF adjacencies. In the network - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 66
, respectively. • Authentication-Information determined by authentication type. It is not defined for authentication type 0. It is defined as password information for authentication type 1, and defined as Key ID, MD5 authentication data length, and sequence number for authentication type - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 67
Figure 22 Hello packet format 0 7 Version 15 1 31 Packet length Router ID Area ID Checksum AuType Authentication Authentication Network mask HelloInterval Options Rtr Pri RouterDeadInterval Designated router Backup designated router Neighbor ... Neighbor Major fields of the - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 68
... Figure 23 DD packet format Major fields of the DD packets are as follows: • Interface MTU-Specifies the largest IP datagram in bytes that the interface can send without fragmentation. • I (Initial)-The Init bit, which is set to 1 if the packet is the first DD packet. It is set to 0 if not. • M - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 69
Figure 24 LSR packet format 0 7 Version 15 3 31 Packet length Router ID Area ID Checksum AuType Authentication Authentication LS type Link state ID Advertising router ... Major fields of the LSR packets are as follows: • LS type-Type of the LSA to be requested. Type 1 for example - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 70
... Figure 26 LSAck packet format LSA header format All LSAs have the same header. Figure 27 LSA header format Major fields of the LSA header are as follows: • LS age-Time, in seconds, elapsed since the LSA was originated. An LSA ages in the LSDB (added by 1 per second), but does not age during - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 71
given for the link, this field is set to 0. TOS is not supported in RFC 2328. The #TOS field is reserved for early versions of OSPF. { Metric-Cost of using this router link. { TOS-IP Type of Service that this metric refers to. { TOS metric-TOS-specific metric information. • Network LSA - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 72
the type 3 LSA. It is set to 0.0.0.0 for the Type-4 LSA. { Metric-The metric to the destination. NOTE: A Type-3 LSA can be used to advertise a default route if the link state ID and network mask are set to 0.0.0.0. • AS external LSA 62 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 73
AS external LSA are as follows: { Link state ID-The IP address of another AS to be advertised. When describing a default route, the Link state ID is always set to default destination (0.0.0.0) and the network mask is set to 0.0.0.0 { Network mask-The IP address mask for the advertised destination - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 74
Figure 32 NSSA external LSA format Supported features Multi-process This feature allows multiple OSPF processes include non-authentication, plaintext authentication, and MD5 ciphertext authentication. The authentication password for interfaces that are attached to a network segment must be identical. - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 75
. For more information about BFD, see High Availability Configuration Guide. Protocols and standards • RFC 1765, OSPF Database Overflow configuration task list Make a proper plan before configuring OSPF. To run OSPF in a routing domain, you must first enable OSPF on the routers. Then use the default - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 76
the maximum number of external LSAs in LSDB Enabling compatibility with RFC 1583 Optional Optional Optional Logging neighbor state changes Optional Configuring OSPF network management Optional Enabling message logging Optional Enabling the advertisement and reception of opaque LSAs Optional - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 77
IDs can exchange packets. • OSPF support for VPNs enables an OSPF process to run in a specified VPN. To enable OSPF: Step 1. Enter system view. Command system-view Remarks N/A 2. Configure a global router ID. router id router-id Optional. Not configured by default. If no global router ID is - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 78
| vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] N/A * 3. Enter area view. area area-id N/A 4. Configure the area as a stub stub area. [ default-route-advertise-always | no-summary ] * Not configured by default. You must use the stub command on routers attached to a stub area. The backbone area cannot be - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 79
attached to an NSSA area. 5. Specify a cost for the default route advertised to the default-cost cost NSSA area. Optional. 1 by default. The default-cost command is available only on the ABR/ASBR of an NSSA area. Configuring a virtual link Non-backbone areas exchange routing information via - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 80
[ plain | cipher ] password | { md5 | hmac-md5 } key-id [ plain | cipher ] password ] * You must configure this command on both ends of a network type to broadcast to avoid manual configuration of neighbors. • When some routers in the broadcast network do not support multicast, you can change the - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 81
| dr-priority dr-priority ] Remarks N/A N/A By default, the network type of an interface depends on the link layer protocol. Optional. The default router priority is 1. N/A N/A N/A Configuring the P2MP network type for an interface Step 1. Enter system view. Command system-view Remarks N/A 71 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 82
for an interface Step 1. Enter system view. 2. Enter interface view. Command system-view interface interface-type interface-number 3. Configure the OSPF network type for the interface as P2P. ospf network-type p2p Remarks N/A N/A By default, the network type of an interface depends on the link - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 83
N/A area area-id N/A abr-summary ip-address { mask | mask-length } [ advertise | not-advertise ] [ cost cost ] Not configured by default. The command is available on an ABR only. Configuring route summarization when redistributing routes into OSPF on an ASBR Without route summarization, an ASBR - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 84
configured by default. Configuring ABR Type-3 LSA filtering You can configure an ABR to filter Type-3 LSAs advertised to an area. To configure Type-3 LSA filtering on an ABR: Step 1. Enter system view. 2. Enter OSPF view. 3. Enter area view. 4. Configure ABR Type-3 LSA filtering. Command system - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 85
value. bandwidth-reference value Remarks N/A N/A Optional. The value defaults to 100 Mbps. Configuring the maximum number of OSPF routes Step 1. Enter system view. 2. Enter OSPF view. 3. Configure the maximum number of OSPF routes. Command system-view ospf [ process-id | router-id router-id - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 86
name ] value Remarks N/A N/A Optional. By default, the preference of OSPF internal routes is 10, and the preference of OSPF external routes is 150. Configuring OSPF route redistribution This section describes configuring OSPF to redistribute manually configured routes or routes discovered by other - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 87
-route-advertise summary cost command is applicable only to VPN, and the default route is redistributed in a Type-3 LSA. The PE router advertises the default route to the CE router. Configuring the default parameters for redistributed routes You can configure default parameters, such as the cost - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 88
Step 3. Configure the default parameters for redistributed routes (cost, upper limit, tag, and type). Command Remarks Optional. default { cost cost | limit limit | tag tag | type type } * The default cost is 1, the default maximum number of routes redistributed per time is 1000, the default tag - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 89
between two neighbors. To configure timers for OSPF packets: Step 1. Enter system view. 2. Enter interface view. Command system-view interface interface- type for an interface is changed. Optional. The retransmission interval defaults to 5 seconds. Specifying LSA transmission delay Each LSA in the - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 90
1. Enter system view. 2. Enter OSPF view. 3. Configure the LSA arrival interval. Command system-view ospf [ process-id | router-id router-id | vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] * lsa-arrival-interval interval Remarks N/A N/A Optional. 1000 milliseconds by default. Make sure this interval is smaller - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 91
from receiving and sending OSPF packets. Command Remarks system-view N/A ospf [ process-id | router-id router-id | vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] * N/A silent-interface { interface-type interface-number | all } Optional. Not disabled by default. Configuring stub routers A stub router is - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 92
view. 8. Configure interface authentication mode. Command Remarks system-view password Not configured by • Configure the MD5 authentication mode: default. ospf authentication-mode { hmac-md5 | md5 } key-id [ cipher | plain ] password Adding the interface MTU into DD packets By default - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 93
enabled by default. Configuring the maximum number of external LSAs in LSDB Step 1. Enter system view. 2. Enter OSPF view. Command system-view the burden of the backbone area. To avoid routing loops, HP recommends configuring all the routers to be either compatible or incompatible with RFC 1583 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 94
, see Network Management and Monitoring Configuration Guide.) To configure OSPF network management: Step 1. Enter system view. Command system-view Remarks N/A 2. Bind OSPF MIB to an OSPF process. ospf mib-binding process-id Optional. By default, the OSPF process with the smallest process - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 95
and processing hello packets: Step 1. Enter system view. 2. Configure OSPF to give priority to receiving and processing hello packets. Command system-view ospf packet-process prioritized-treatment Remarks N/A Not configured by default. Configuring the LSU transmit rate Sending large numbers of - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 96
in RFC 2474, the first six bits set the Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) value and the last two bits Command system-view ospf [ process-id | router-id router-id | vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] * 3. Enable OSPF ISPF. ispf enable Remarks N/A N/A Optional. Disabled by default. Configuring - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 97
Remarks N/A N/A Disabled by default. Disabled by default. Disabled by default. Optional. 120 seconds by default. Configuring the OSPF GR Helper You can configure the IETF standard or non-IETF standard OSPF GR Helper. Configuring the IETF standard OSPF GR Helper Step Command 1. Enter system view - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 98
Restart. To trigger OSPF Graceful Restart: Task Trigger OSPF Graceful Restart. Command reset ospf [ process-id ] process graceful-restart Remarks Available in user view Configuring BFD for OSPF OSPF supports the following BFD detection methods: • Control packet bidirectional detection, which - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 99
-ip ip-address interface interface-type interface-number ospf bfd enable echo Description N/A Not configured by default. N/A Not enabled by default. Displaying and maintaining OSPF Task Command Remarks Display OSPF brief information. display ospf [ process-id ] brief [ | { begin | exclude - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 100
view reset ospf [ process-id ] redistribution Available in user view OSPF configuration examples These examples only cover commands for OSPF configuration. Configuring OSPF basic functions Network requirements As shown in Figure 33, all switches run OSPF. The AS is split into three areas, where - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 101
C 10.4.1.1/24 Area 2 Vlan-int200 10.3.1.2/24 Vlan-int300 10.5.1.1/24 Switch D Configuration procedure 1. Configure IP addresses for interfaces. (Details not shown.) 2. Configure OSPF basic functions: # Configure Switch A. system-view [SwitchA] ospf [SwitchA-ospf-1] area 0 [SwitchA-ospf - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 102
-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2] network 10.5.1.0 0.0.0.255 [SwitchD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2] quit [SwitchD-ospf-1] quit 3. Verify the configuration: # Display information about neighbors on Switch A. [SwitchA] display ospf peer verbose OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.2.1.1 Neighbors Area 0.0.0.0 interface - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 103
10.2.1.1 Sum-Net 10.5.1.0 10.2.1.1 Sum-Net 10.3.1.0 10.2.1.1 Sum-Net 10.1.1.0 10.2.1.1 Sum-Asbr 10.3.1.1 10.2.1.1 # Display OSPF routing information on Switch D. [SwitchD] display ospf routing Age Len 1069 36 780 36 1069 32 780 28 1069 28 780 28 769 28 Sequence 80000012 80000011 80000010 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 104
OSPF route redistribution Network requirements As shown in Figure 34, all the switches run OSPF, and the AS is divided into three areas. Switch A and Switch B act as ABRs to forward routes between areas. Switch C is configured as an ASBR to redistribute external routes (static routes). Routing - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 105
requirements As shown in Figure 35: • Switch A and Switch B are in AS 200, which runs OSPF. • Switch C, Switch D, and Switch E are in AS 100, which runs OSPF. An EBGP connection is established between Switch B and Switch C. Switch B and Switch C are configured to redistribute OSPF routes and direct - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 106
] ospf [SwitchA-ospf-1] area 0 [SwitchA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 11.2.1.0 0.0.0.255 [SwitchA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit [SwitchA-ospf-1] quit # Configure Switch B. system-view [SwitchB] ospf [SwitchB-ospf-1] area 0 [SwitchB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 11.2.1.0 0.0.0.255 [SwitchB-ospf - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 107
SwitchB] bgp 200 [SwitchB-bgp] peer 11.1.1.2 as 100 [SwitchB-bgp] import-route ospf [SwitchB-bgp] import-route direct [SwitchB-bgp] quit # Configure Switch C. [SwitchC] bgp 100 [SwitchC-bgp] peer 11.1.1.1 as 200 [SwitchC-bgp] import-route ospf [SwitchC-bgp] import-route direct [SwitchC-bgp - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 108
36 shows an AS is split into three areas, where all switches run OSPF. Switch A and Switch B act as ABRs to forward routing information between areas. Switch D acts as the ASBR to redistribute routes (static routes). Configure Area 1 as a stub area, reducing LSAs to this area without affecting - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 109
system-view [SwitchA] ospf [SwitchA-ospf-1] area 1 [SwitchA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] stub [SwitchA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] quit [SwitchA-ospf-1] quit # Configure Switch C. system-view [SwitchC] ospf [SwitchC-ospf-1] area 1 [SwitchC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] stub [SwitchC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] quit 99 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 110
on the stub router are further reduced, containing only one default external route. Configuring an OSPF NSSA area Network requirements Figure 37 shows an AS is split into three areas, where all switches run OSPF. Switch A and Switch B act as ABRs to forward routing information between areas. 100 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 111
to other areas within the AS, you must configure the nssa command with the keyword default-route-advertise on Switch A (an ABR) so Switch C can obtain a default route. • It is recommended to configure the nssa command with the keyword no-summary on Switch A to reduce the routing table size on NSSA - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 112
10.4.1.1 AdvRouter 10.2.1.1 10.4.1.1 10.4.1.1 Area 0.0.0.1 0.0.0.1 0.0.0.1 Total Nets: 3 Intra Area: 2 Inter Area: 1 ASE: 0 NSSA: 0 4. Configure route redistribution: # Configure Switch C to redistribute static routes. [SwitchC] ip route-static 3.1.3.1 24 10.4.1.2 [SwitchC] ospf [SwitchC-ospf - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 113
[SwitchA-ospf-1] area 0 [SwitchA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 [SwitchA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit [SwitchA-ospf-1] quit # Configure Switch B. system-view [SwitchB] router id 2.2.2.2 [SwitchB] ospf [SwitchB-ospf-1] area 0 [SwitchB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.168 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 114
due in 31 sec Neighbor is up for 00:01:28 Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ] Switch D becomes the DR, and Switch C is the BDR. 3. Configure router priorities on interfaces: # Configure Switch A. [SwitchA] interface vlan-interface 1 [SwitchA-Vlan-interface1] ospf dr-priority 100 [SwitchA-Vlan - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 115
do not take effect immediately. 4. Restart OSPF process: # Restart the OSPF process of Switch D. reset ospf 1 process Warning : Reset OSPF process? [Y/N]:y # Display neighbor information on Switch D. display ospf peer verbose OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 4.4.4.4 Neighbors - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 116
Network requirements In Figure 39, Area 2 has no direct connection to Area 0, and Area 1 acts as the Transit Area to connect Area 2 to Area 0 via a configured virtual link between Switch B and Switch C. After configuration, Switch B can learn routes to Area 2. Figure 39 Network diagram 106 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 117
ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1 [SwitchA-ospf-1] area 0 [SwitchA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 [SwitchA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit # Configure Switch B. system-view [SwitchB] ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2 [SwitchB-ospf-1] area 0 [SwitchB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 118
Area 0 has no direct connection to Area 2, so the routing table of Switch B has no route to Area 2. 3. Configure a virtual link: # Configure Switch B. [SwitchB] ospf [SwitchB-ospf-1] area 1 [SwitchB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] vlink-peer 3.3.3.3 [SwitchB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] quit [SwitchB-ospf-1] quit # - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 119
3.3.3.3 [SwitchC] ospf 100 [SwitchC-ospf-100] area 0 [SwitchC-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 [SwitchC-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0] quit 3. Configure OSPF GR: # Configure Switch A as the non-IETF standard OSPF GR Restarter: enable the link-local signaling capability, the out-of-band re - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 120
enable link-local-signaling [SwitchC-ospf-100] enable out-of-band-resynchronization 4. Verify the configuration: # After the configurations on Switch A, Switch B, and Switch C are completed and the switches are running steadily, enable OSPF Graceful Restart event debugging and then restart the OSPF - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 121
is divided into three areas. • Switch A and Switch B work as ABRs. Configure Switch C as an ASBR to redistribute external routes (static routes), and configure a filter policy on Switch C to filter out redistributed route 3.1.3.0/24. Configure a routing policy on Switch A to filter route 10.5.1.0/24 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 122
InLoop0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 The route destined for network 3.1.3.0/24 is filtered out. 5. On Switch A, filter out the route 10.5.1.1/24: # Configure the ACL on Switch A. system-view [SwitchA] acl number 2000 [SwitchA-acl-basic-2000] rule 0 deny source 10 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 123
10.2.1.2 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 Vlan200 Vlan200 Vlan100 InLoop0 Vlan200 InLoop0 Vlan100 Vlan200 InLoop0 InLoop0 Configuring BFD for OSPF Network requirements As shown in Figure 42, OSPF is enabled on Switch A, Switch B and Switch C that are reachable to each other at the network layer. After the link - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 124
min-receive-interval 500 [SwitchA-Vlan-interface10] bfd detect-multiplier 7 [SwitchA-Vlan-interface10] quit [SwitchA] quit # Enable BFD on Switch B and configure BFD parameters. [SwitchB] bfd session init-mode active [SwitchB] interface vlan-interface 10 [SwitchB-Vlan-interface10] ospf bfd enable - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 125
500 [SwitchB-Vlan-interface10] bfd min-receive-interval 500 [SwitchB-Vlan-interface10] bfd detect-multiplier 6 4. Verify the configuration: # Display the BFD information on Switch A. display bfd session Total Session Num: 1 Init Mode: Active Session Working Under Ctrl Mode: LD/RD - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 126
hello interval. 5. Use the peer ip-address command to specify the neighbor manually on an NBMA network. 6. On an NBMA configured with the stub command. In an NSSA area, all routers attached are configured with the nssa command. 6. If a virtual link is configured, use the display ospf vlink command - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 127
this chapter refers to both routers and Layer 3 switches, and BGP refers to BGP-4 in this chapter. TCP to enhance reliability. • Supports CIDR. • Reduces bandwidth consumption the other BGP peers in the local AS. To simplify configuration, multiple peers using an identical policy can be organized as - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 128
Figure 43 BGP message header Open • Marker-The 16-byte field is used to delimit BGP messages. The Marker must be all ones. • Length-The two-byte unsigned integer indicates the total length of the message. • Type-This one-byte unsigned integer indicates the type code of the message. The following - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 129
are as follows: • Unfeasible routes length-The total length of the withdrawn routes field in bytes. A value of 0 indicates no route is withdrawn from service, nor is the withdrawn routes field present in this update message. • Withdrawn routes-This is a variable length field that contains a list of - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 130
this attribute can still receive routes with this attribute and advertise them to other peers. • Optional non-transitive-If a BGP router does not support this attribute, it will not advertise routes with this attribute. The usage of each BGP path attribute is described in the following table. Table - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 131
to avoid routing loops. NOTE: The current implementation supports using the peer allow-as-loop command to receive routes containing the local AS number in control BGP route selection by modifying the AS_PATH length. By configuring an AS path filtering list, you can filter routes based on AS - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 132
a route received from an EBGP peer to an IBGP peer, a BGP speaker does not modify the NEXT_HOP attribute. If load-balancing is configured, the NEXT_HOP attribute of the equal-cost routes is modified. For load-balancing information, see "BGP route selection." Figure 49 NEXT_HOP attribute • MED - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 133
NOTE: The current implementation supports using the compare-different-as-med command to force BGP to compare attributes are as follows: { INTERNET-By default, all routes belong to the Internet For confederation information, see "Settlements for problems in large scale BGP networks." { NO_ADVERTISE - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 134
process of finding a recursive route is route recursion. The system supports BGP load balancing based on route recursion. If multiple recursive on route recursion is always enabled by the system rather than configured using commands. BGP differs from IGP in the implementation of load balancing in - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 135
route. BGP route advertisement rules The current BGP implementation supports the following route advertisement rules: • When multiple feasible its routing table that Router B is the next hop (configured using the peer next-hop-local command). Because Router D has learned the route to Router B via - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 136
Routers in the local AS are IBGP fully meshed. Settlements for problems in large scale BGP networks Route summarization Route summarization can reduce the only summary routes. The system supports both manual and automatic route summarization. Manual route summarization allows you to determine - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 137
has the same route update policy as the peer group to improve route distribution efficiency. If an option is configured for both a peer and its peer group, the last configuration takes effect. Community A peer group provides each peer with the same policy. A community provides a group of BGP routers - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 138
point of failure, as shown in the following figure. The configured route reflectors must have the same Cluster_ID in order to avoid routing unnecessary because it consumes more bandwidth resources. You can use related commands to disable route reflection. NOTE: After route reflection is disabled - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 139
, sessions on it will go down. Then, GR-capable peers will mark all routes associated with the GR Restarter as stale. However, during the configured GR Time, they still use these routes for packet forwarding. 4. After the restart is completed, the GR Restarter will reestablish GR sessions with its - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 140
1700, Assigned Numbers. The system supports multiple MP-BGP extensions, including VPN extension, and IPv6 extension (see "Configuring IPv6 BGP."). Different extensions are configured in respective address family view. NOTE: This chapter provides no detailed commands related to any specific extension - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 141
for routes received Optional. Configuring preferences for BGP routes Optional. Configuring BGP route attributes Configuring the default local preference Configuring the MED attribute Optional. Optional. Configuring the NEXT_HOP attribute Optional. Configuring the AS_PATH attribute Optional - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 142
Configuring BGP peer groups Optional. Configuring a large scale BGP network Configuring BGP community Configuring a BGP route reflector Optional. Optional. Configuring a BGP confederation Optional. Configuring -id command can make the system select a new router ID. To create a BGP connection: - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 143
command. Optional. Enabled by default. 7. Enable a peer. peer ip-address enable Optional. Enabled by default. A router can reside in only one AS, so the router can run only one BGP process. Not configured by default. 8. Configure stability of BGP connections, HP recommends using a loopback - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 144
ebgp-max-hop command to establish a TCP connection over multiple hops between two peers. Do not configure the peer ebgp-max-hop command if the two Configure BGP to advertise local networks. • Configure BGP to redistribute routes from other routing protocols, including the default route. Configuration - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 145
. 2. Enter BGP view. 3. Inject a network to the BGP routing table. Command system-view bgp as-number network ip-address [ mask | mask-length ] route-policy route-policy-name Remarks N/A N/A Optional. Not injected by default. Configuring BGP route redistribution BGP does not find routes by itself - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 146
Enter system view. 2. Enter BGP view. 3. Configure automatic route summarization. Command system-view bgp as-number summary automatic Remarks N/A N/A Not configured by default. Configuring manual route summarization By configuring manual route summarization, you can summarize both redistributed - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 147
an ACL, see ACL and QoS Configuration Guide. For how to configure an IP prefix list, routing policy, and AS path list, see "Configuring routing policies." Configuring BGP route distribution filtering policies Step 1. Enter system view. 2. Enter BGP view. Command system-view bgp as-number Remarks - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 148
-id | rip process-id | static ] • Reference a routing policy to filter advertisements to a peer or peer Configure at least one command. Not configured by default. group: You can configure a filtering policy peer { group-name | ip-address } as needed. route-policy route-policy-name export If - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 149
from a peer or peer group: peer { group-name | ip-address } route-policy route-policy-name import Configure at least one command. No route reception filtering is configured by default. • Reference an ACL to filter routing information from a peer or peer group: If several filtering policies are - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 150
of prefixes that can be received from a peer or peer group: peer { group-name | Use one of the commands. ip-address } route-limit No limit is configured by default. prefix-number [ percentage-value ] If the specified maximum number is reached: • Specify the maximum number • For approach - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 151
Step Command 3. Configure a shortcut route. network ip-address [ mask | mask-length ] short-cut Remarks Optional. By default, an EBGP route received has a priority of 255. Configuring BGP route attributes Configuration prerequisites BGP connections must be created. Specifying a preferred - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 152
MED value as the best route if other conditions are the same. Configuring the default MED value Step 1. Enter system view. 2. Enter BGP view. 3. Configure the default MED value. Command system-view bgp as-number default med med-value Enabling the comparison of MED of routes from different ASs - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 153
A reside in the same AS, and Router C has a greater MED, so network 10.0.0.0 learned from Router C cannot be optimal. You can configure the bestroute compare-med command on Router D. After that, Router D puts routes received from the same AS into a group. Router D then selects the route with the - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 154
BGP view. 3. Enable the comparison of MED of routes from confederation peers. Command system-view bgp as-number bestroute med-confederation Remarks N/A N/A Optional. Not enabled by default. Configuring the NEXT_HOP attribute By default, when advertising routes to an IBGP peer or peer group, a BGP - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 155
configured. To configure the NEXT_HOP attribute: Step 1. Enter system view. 2. Enter BGP view. 3. Specify the router as the next hop of routes sent to a peer or peer group. Command Remarks system-view N/A bgp as-number N/A peer { group-name | ip-address } next-hop-local Optional. By default - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 156
configurations. This feature ensures uninterrupted BGP services. To specify a fake AS number for a peer or peer group: Step Command Remarks specified by default. peer group. fake-as as-number This command is only applicable to an EBGP peer or peer group. Configuring AS number substitution - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 157
AS number of EBGP route updates: Step 1. Enter system view. 2. Enter BGP view. 3. Configure BGP to ignore the first AS number of EBGP route updates. Command system-view bgp as-number ignore-first-as Remarks N/A N/A By default, BGP checks the first AS number of EBGP route updates. Tuning and - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 158
. route-update-interval interval peer and an EBGP peer default to 15 seconds and 30 seconds. Configuring BGP soft-reset After modifying the route selection policy, if a peer not supporting route-refresh exists in the network, you must configure the peer keep-all-routes command to save all routes - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 159
route refresh for a peer or peer { group-name | ip-address } Optional. peer group. capability-advertise route-refresh Enabled by default. Configuring manual soft-reset If a BGP peer does not support route-refresh, you must save updates from the peer on the local router by using the peer keep-all - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 160
and RFC 5292 is supported. If the peer supports only non-standard ORF, you need to configure this command. Disabled by default. Table 5 Description of on the peer. Enabling 4-byte AS number suppression When a switch that supports 4-byte AS numbers sends an Open message for peer relationship - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 161
4-byte AS number suppression. Command system-view bgp as-number peer { group-name | ip-address } capability-advertise suppress-4-byte-as Remarks N/A N/A Disabled by default. Setting the DSCP value for BGP packets An IPv4 packet header contains an 8-bit Type of Service (TOS) field. As defined - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 162
establishing a TCP connection to the peer or peer group. Command Remarks system-view N/A bgp as-number N/A peer { group-name | ip-address } Optional. password { cipher | simple } password Not enabled by default. Configuring BGP load balancing If multiple paths to a destination exist, you - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 163
belong to different ASs. If a peer group has peers added, you cannot remove its AS number using the undo form of the command or change its AS number. Configuring an IBGP peer group After you create an IBGP peer group and then add a peer into it, the system creates the peer in - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 164
adding it into the peer group. • All of the added peers have the same AS number as that of the peer group. To configure an EBGP peer group using Approach 2: Step Command 1. Enter system view. system-view 2. Enter BGP view. bgp as-number 3. Create an EBGP peer group. group group-name external - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 165
| ip-address } route-policy route-policy-name export Remarks N/A N/A Not configured by default. Not configured by default. Configuring a BGP route reflector If an AS has many BGP routers, you can configure them as a cluster by configuring one of them as a route reflector and others as clients to - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 166
ID. 4. Specify peering sub ASs in the confederation. Command system-view bgp as-number confederation id as-number confederation peer-as as-number-list Remarks N/A N/A Not configured by default. Not configured by default. Configuring confederation compatibility If some other routers in the - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 167
the information center configuration. (For information center configuration, see Network Management and Monitoring Configuration Guide.) To enable trap: Step 1. Enter system view. 2. Enable trap for BGP. Command system-view snmp-agent trap enable bgp Remarks N/A Optional. Enabled by default. 157 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 168
Command system-view bgp as-number log-peer-change peer { group-name | ip-address } log-change Remarks N/A N/A Optional. Enabled by default. Optional. Enabled by default. Configuring solve this problem. It configuration, see High Availability Configuration Guide. IMPORTANT: Before configuring - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 169
Task Command Remarks Display advertised BGP routing information. display bgp network [ | { begin | exclude | include } Available in regular-expression ] any view Display AS path information. display bgp paths [ - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 170
BGP connections Task Reset all BGP connections. Command reset bgp all Reset the BGP connections to user view BGP configuration examples BGP basic configuration example Network requirements In Figure 62, run EBGP between Switch A and Switch B and IBGP between Switch B and Switch C so that Switch - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 171
use the peer connect-interface command to specify the loopback interface as the source interface for establishing BGP connections. { Enable OSPF in AS 65009 to make sure that Switch B can communicate with Switch C through loopback interfaces. # Configure Switch B. system-view [SwitchB] bgp - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 172
Up/Down State 2.2.2.2 65009 2 2 0 0 00:00:13 Established The output shows that Switch C has established an IBGP peer relationship with Switch B. 3. Configure EBGP: { The EBGP peers, Switch A and Switch B (usually belong to different carriers), are located in different ASs. Typically, their - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 173
, so the route is invalid. 4. Redistribute direct routes: Configure BGP to redistribute direct routes on Switch B, so that Switch A can obtain the route to 9.1.1.0/24 and Switch C can obtain the route to 3.1.1.0/24. # Configure Switch B. [SwitchB] bgp 65009 [SwitchB-bgp] import-route direct - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 174
9.1.1.0/24 2.2.2.2 0 100 0 ? The output shows that the route 8.1.1.0 becomes valid with the next hop as Switch A. 5. Verify the configuration: # Ping 8.1.1.1 on Switch C. [SwitchC] ping 8.1.1.1 PING 8.1.1.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 8.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 175
the EBGP connection and inject network 8.1.1.0/24 to the BGP routing table of Switch A, so that Switch B can obtain the route to 8.1.1.0/24. # Configure Switch A. system-view [SwitchA] bgp 65008 [SwitchA-bgp] router-id 1.1.1.1 [SwitchA-bgp] peer 3.1.1.1 as-number 65009 [SwitchA-bgp - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 176
redistribute routes from OSPF on Switch B, so that Switch A can obtain the route to 9.1.2.0/24. { Configure OSPF to redistribute routes from BGP on Switch B, so that Switch C can obtain the route to 8.1.1.0/24. # Configure BGP to redistribute routes from OSPF on Switch B. [SwitchB-bgp] import-route - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 177
Figure 64, all the switches run BGP. Switch A resides in AS 65008, Switch B and Switch C in AS 65009. Between Switch A and Switch B, Switch A and Switch C are EBGP connections, and between Switch B and Switch C is an IBGP connection. Two routes are configured on Switch A for load balancing. Figure - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 178
IP addresses for interfaces. (Details not shown.) 2. Configure BGP connections: { On Switch A, establish EBGP connections with Switch B and Switch C; configure BGP to advertise network 8.1.1.0/24 to Switch B and Switch C, so that Switch B and Switch C can access the internal network connected to - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 179
it is a valid route, but not the best. { By using the display ip routing-table command, you can find only one route to 9.1.1.0/24 with next hop 3.1.1.1 and outbound interface VLAN-interface 200. 3. On Switch A, configure the number of ECMP routes destined for AS 65009 to improve link utilization - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 180
[SwitchB-bgp] router-id 2.2.2.2 [SwitchB-bgp] peer 200.1.2.1 as-number 10 [SwitchB-bgp] peer 200.1.3.2 as-number 30 [SwitchB-bgp] quit # Configure Switch C. system-view [SwitchC] bgp 30 [SwitchC-bgp] router-id 3.3.3.3 [SwitchC-bgp] peer 200.1.3.1 as-number 20 [SwitchC-bgp] quit # Display - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 181
, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn *> 9.1.1.0/24 200.1.3.1 0 0 Switch C has learned route 9.1.1.0/24 from Switch B. 3. Configure BGP community: # Configure a routing policy. [SwitchA] route-policy comm_policy permit node 0 [SwitchA-route-policy] apply - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 182
[SwitchA-bgp] peer 192.1.1.2 as-number 200 # Inject network 1.0.0.0/8 to the BGP routing table. [SwitchA-bgp] network 1.0.0.0 [SwitchA-bgp] quit # Configure Switch B. system-view [SwitchB] bgp 200 [SwitchB-bgp] router-id 2.2.2.2 [SwitchB-bgp] peer 192.1.1.1 as-number 100 [SwitchB-bgp] peer - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 183
bgp 200 [SwitchC-bgp] router-id 3.3.3.3 [SwitchC-bgp] peer 193.1.1.2 as-number 200 [SwitchC-bgp] peer 194.1.1.2 as-number 200 [SwitchC-bgp] quit # Configure Switch D. system-view [SwitchD] bgp 200 [SwitchD-bgp] router-id 4.4.4.4 [SwitchD-bgp] peer 194.1.1.1 as-number 200 [SwitchD-bgp] quit - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 184
10.1.5.1/24 10.1.3.2/24 10.1.5.2/24 10.1.4.2/24 200.1.1.2/24 9.1.1.1/24 Configuration procedure 1. Configure IP addresses for interfaces. (Details not shown.) 2. Configure BGP confederation: # Configure Switch A. system-view [SwitchA] bgp 65001 [SwitchA-bgp] router-id 1.1.1.1 [SwitchA - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 185
10.1.3.2 next-hop-local [SwitchA-bgp] peer 10.1.4.2 as-number 65001 [SwitchA-bgp] peer 10.1.4.2 next-hop-local [SwitchA-bgp] quit # Configure Switch D. system-view [SwitchD] bgp 65001 [SwitchD-bgp] router-id 4.4.4.4 [SwitchD-bgp] confederation id 200 [SwitchD-bgp] peer 10.1.3.1 as-number - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 186
[SwitchF-bgp] quit 5. Verify the configuration: # Display the routing table on Switch B. [SwitchB] display bgp routing-table Total Number of Routes: 1 BGP Local router ID is 2.2.2.2 Status codes: * - valid, ^ - VPNv4 best, > - best, d - damped, h - history, i - internal, s - suppressed, S - - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 187
Figure 68, all switches run BGP. Between Switch A and Switch B, and between Switch A and Switch C are EBGP connections. Between Switch B and Switch D, and between Switch D and Switch C are IBGP connections. OSPF is the IGP protocol in AS 200. Configure routing policies, making Switch D use the route - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 188
as-number 200 [SwitchA-bgp] peer 193.1.1.2 as-number 200 # Inject network 1.0.0.0/8 to the BGP routing table on Switch A. [SwitchA-bgp] network 1.0.0.0 8 [SwitchA-bgp] quit # Configure Switch B. [SwitchB] bgp 200 [SwitchB-bgp] peer 192.1.1.1 as-number 100 [SwitchB-bgp] peer 194.1.1.1 as-number 200 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 189
number 2000 [SwitchC-acl-basic-2000] rule permit source 1.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 [SwitchC-acl-basic-2000] quit # Configure a routing policy named localpref on Switch C, setting the local preference of route 1.0.0.0/8 to 200 (the default is 100). [SwitchC] route-policy localpref permit node 10 179 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 190
C is not affected when a master/slave switchover occurs on Switch B. Figure 69 Network diagram Configuration procedure 1. Configure Switch A: # Configure IP addresses for interfaces. (Details not shown.) # Configure the EBGP connection. system-view [SwitchA] bgp 65008 [SwitchA-bgp] router - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 191
OSPF as the IGP in AS 200. • Establish two IBGP connections between Switch A and Switch C. When both links are working, Switch C adopts the link Switch ASwitch BSwitch C to exchange packets with network 1.1.1.0/24. Configure BFD over the link. Then if the link fails, BFD can quickly detect - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 192
OSPF in AS 200 to make sure Switch A and Switch C can reach each other and configure Switch A to redistribute BGP routes. (Details not shown.) 3. Configure BGP on Switch A: # Establish two IBGP connections between Switch A and Switch C, and configure Switch A to advertise itself as the next hop - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 193
Switch E. system-view [SwitchE] bgp 100 [SwitchE-bgp] peer 30.1.1.1 as-number 200 # Configure Switch E to advertise route 1.1.1.0/24 through BGP. [SwitchE-bgp] network 1.1.1.0 24 [SwitchE-bgp] quit 6. Configure BFD parameters (you can use default BFD parameters instead): # Configure Switch - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 194
set the authentication key to ibgpbfd. [SwitchA-Vlan-interface100] bfd authentication-mode simple 1 ibgpbfd [SwitchA-Vlan-interface100] quit # Configure Switch C. [SwitchC] bfd session init-mode active [SwitchC] interface vlan-interface 101 [SwitchC-Vlan-interface101] bfd min-transmit-interval 500 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 195
:05 Established 3.0.1.1 200 7 10 0 0 00:01:34 Established The output shows that Switch C has established two BGP neighborships with Switch A. # Display route 1.1.1.0/24 on Switch C. display ip routing-table 1.1.1.0 24 verbose Routing Table : Public Summary Count : 4 Destination - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 196
shows that Switch A and Switch C communicate through Switch D, and Switch C has one route Switch CSwitch DSwitch A to reach network 1.1.1.0/24. Troubleshooting BGP BGP peer relationship not established Symptom Display BGP peer information by using the display bgp peer command. The state - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 197
8. Check whether an ACL is applied to disable TCP port 179. 187 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 198
to modify the static routes manually. The term "router" in this chapter refers to both routers and Layer 3 switches. IPv6 static routes features ::/0 is a default IPv6 route. The default route is used to forward packets that match no specific routes in the routing table. Configuring an IPv6 static - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 199
default route, use the delete ipv6 static-routes all command. For more information about the display ipv6 routing-table protocol static [ inactive | verbose ] [ | { begin | exclude | include } regular-expression ] command, see Layer 3-IP Routing Command Reference. IPv6 static routing configuration - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 200
] ipv6 route-static 1:: 64 4::1 [SwitchB] ipv6 route-static 3:: 64 5::1 # Enable IPv6 and configure a default IPv6 static route on Switch C. system-view [SwitchC] ipv6 [SwitchC] ipv6 route-static :: 0 5::2 3. Configure the IPv6 addresses for all the hosts based on the network diagram - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 201
Preference Cost : Direct : 0 : 0 Destination : FE80::/10 Protocol NextHop : :: Preference Interface : NULL0 Cost # Verify the connectivity with the ping command. [SwitchA] ping ipv6 3::1 PING 3::1 : 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 3::1 bytes=56 Sequence=1 hop limit=254 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 202
Configuring RIPng Introduction to RIPng RIP next generation (RIPng) is an extension of RIP-2 for IPv4. Most RIP concepts are applicable in RIPng. The term "router" in this chapter refers to both routers and Layer 3 switches host is unreachable. By default, the routing update is RIPng supports split - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 203
sending interface. Figure 72 RIPng basic packet format 0 7 Command 15 Version 31 Must be zero Route table entry 1 (20 octets) Route table entry n (20 octets) Packet header description: • Command-Type of message. 0x01 indicates Request; 0x02 indicates Response. • Version- - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 204
RFC 2081, RIPng Protocol Applicability Statement RIPng configuration task list Task Configuring RIPng basic functions Configuring an additional routing metric Configuring RIPng route summarization Advertising a default route Configuring RIPng route control Configuring a RIPng route filtering policy - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 205
for route filtering. For related information, see ACL and QoS Configuration Guide. • Define an IPv6 address prefix list before using it for route filtering. For related information, see "Configuring routing policies." Configuring an additional routing metric An additional routing metric can be added - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 206
Enter interface view. 3. Advertise a default route. Command system-view interface interface-type interface-number ripng default-route { only | originate } [ cost cost ] Remarks N/A N/A Not advertised by default. Configuring a RIPng route filtering policy Reference a configured IPv6 ACL or prefix - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 207
RIPng route redistribution Step 1. Enter system view. Command system-view Remarks N/A 2. Enter RIPng view. ripng [ process-id ] N/A 3. Configure a default routing metric for redistributed routes. default cost cost Optional. The default metric of redistributed routes is 0. 4. Redistribute - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 208
system view. 2. Enter interface view. 3. Enable the split horizon function. Command system-view interface interface-type interface-number ripng split-horizon Remarks N/A N/A Optional. Enabled by default. Configuring the poison reverse function The poison reverse function enables a route learned - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 209
system view. 2. Enter RIPng view. Command system-view ripng [ process-id ] 3. Enable the zero field check. checkzero Remarks N/A N/A Optional. Enabled by default. Configuring the maximum number of ECMP routes in any view Available in any view Available in user view Available in user view 199 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 210
be added to the routing table of Switch B, and Switch B will not forward it to Switch A. Figure 75 Network diagram Configuration procedure 1. Configure IPv6 addresses for interfaces. (Details not shown.) 2. Configure basic RIPng functions: # Configure Switch A. system-view [SwitchA] ripng - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 211
::200:2FF:FE64:8904, cost 2, tag 0, A, 31 Sec Dest 3::/64, via FE80::200:2FF:FE64:8904, cost 1, tag 0, A, 31 Sec 3. Configure route filtering: # Configure Switch B to filter incoming and outgoing route. [SwitchB] acl ipv6 number 2000 [SwitchB-acl6-basic-2000] rule deny source 3::/64 [SwitchB-acl6 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 212
Two RIPng processes are running on Switch B, which communicates with Switch A through RIPng 100 and with Switch C through RIPng 200. Configure route redistribution on Switch B, letting the two RIPng processes redistribute routes from each other. Set the default cost of redistributed routes from - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 213
interface vlan-interface 200 [SwitchA-Vlan-interface200] ripng 100 enable [SwitchA-Vlan-interface200] quit # Enable RIP 100 and RIP 200 on Switch B. system-view [SwitchB] ripng 100 [SwitchB-ripng-100] quit [SwitchB] interface vlan-interface 100 [SwitchB-Vlan-interface100] ripng 100 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 214
Protocol : Direct NextHop : :: Preference: 0 Interface : NULL0 Cost : 0 3. Configure RIPng route redistribution: # Configure route redistribution between the two RIPng processes on Switch B. [SwitchB] ripng 100 [SwitchB-ripng-100] default cost 3 [SwitchB-ripng-100] import-route ripng 200 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 215
Destination: FE80::/10 NextHop : :: Interface : NULL0 Protocol : Direct Preference: 0 Cost : 0d 205 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 216
Configuring OSPFv3 Introduction to OSPFv3 OSPFv3 overview Open Shortest Path First version 3 (OSPFv3) supports IPv6 and complies with RFC 2740 (OSPF for IPv6). The term "router" in this chapter refers to both routers and Layer 3 switches. OSPFv3 and OSPFv2 have the following similarities: • 32-bits - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 217
Originated by ASBRs, and flooded throughout the AS (except Stub and NSSA areas). Each AS-external-LSA describes a route to another autonomous system. A default route can be described by an AS-external-LSA. • Link-LSA-A router originates a separate Link-LSA for each attached link. Link-LSAs have link - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 218
during a GR, the device will be in the GR process for a long time. To avoid this, configure the GR timer for the device to exit the GR process when the timer expires. OSPFv3 features supported • Basic features defined in RFC 2740 • OSPFv3 stub area • OSPFv3 GR Protocols and standards • RFC 2740 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 219
to ensure normal operation. To enable OSPFv3: Step 1. Enter system view. Command system-view 2. Enable an OSPFv3 process and enter its view. ospfv3 [ -id ] Remarks N/A By default, no OSPFv3 process is enabled. N/A N/A Not enabled by default. Configuring OSPFv3 area parameters The stub area - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 220
area as a stub area. 5. Specify a cost for the default route advertised to the stub area. Command system-view ospfv3 [ process-id ] area area-id stub [ no-summary ] default-cost value Remarks N/A N/A N/A Not configured by default. Optional. 1 by default. Configuring an OSPFv3 virtual link You can - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 221
Configuring OSPFv3 network types OSPFv3 classifies networks into the following types by the link layer protocol. By default, the default network type as P2P by default. • When the link layer protocol is Ethernet, OSPFv3 considers the network type as broadcast by default. You can change the network - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 222
-summary ipv6-address prefix-length [ not-advertise ] Remarks N/A N/A N/A Not configured by default. The abr-summary command takes effect on ABRs only. Configuring OSPFv3 inbound route filtering According to some rules, you can configure OSPFv3 to filter routes that are computed from received LSAs - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 223
reference value: Step 1. Enter system view. 2. Enter OSPFv3 view. 3. Configure a bandwidth reference value. Command system-view ospfv3 [ process-id ] bandwidth-reference value Remarks N/A N/A Optional. 100 Mbps by default. Configuring the maximum number of OSPFv3 ECMP routes Perform this task to - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 224
routes is 10, and priority of OSPFv3 external routes is 150. Configuring OSPFv3 route redistribution Follow these guidelines when you configure OSPFv3 route redistribution: • Executing the import-route or default-route-advertise command on a router makes it become an ASBR. • You can only inject - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 225
interface view. Command system-view interface interface-type interface-number 3. Configure the hello interval. ospfv3 timer hello seconds [ instance instance-id ] 4. Specify the poll interval. ospfv3 timer poll seconds [ instance instance-id ] Remarks N/A N/A Optional. By default, the hello - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 226
an interface Step 1. Enter system view. 2. Enter interface view. 3. Configure a DR priority. Command Remarks system-view N/A interface interface-type interface-number N/A ospfv3 dr-priority priority [ instance instance-id ] Optional. By default, the DR priority is 1. The DR priority of an - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 227
N/A Not disabled by default. Enabling the logging of neighbor state changes Step 1. Enter system view. 2. Enter OSPFv3 view. 3. Enable the logging of neighbor state changes. Command system-view ospfv3 [ process-id ] log-peer-change Remarks N/A N/A Enabled by default. Configuring OSPFv3 GR 217 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 228
to complete the GR process. To prevent service interruption after a master/slave switchover, a default. Optional. 120 seconds by default. Configuring GR Helper You can configure the GR Helper capability on a GR Helper. To configure GR Helper Step 1. Enter system view. 2. Enter OSPFv3 view. Command - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 229
Displaying and maintaining OSPFv3 Task Command Remarks Display OSPFv3 process brief information. display ospfv3 [ process-id ] [ | { begin | exclude | include } regular-expression ] Available in any view Display OSPFv3 interface information. display ospfv3 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 230
the area without affecting route reachability. Figure 78 Network diagram Configuration procedure 1. Configure IPv6 addresses for interfaces. (Details not shown.) 2. Configure OSPFv3 basic functions: # Configure Switch A. system-view [SwitchA] ipv6 [SwitchA] ospfv3 [SwitchA-ospfv3-1] router - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 231
-Vlan-interface100] quit [SwitchC] interface vlan-interface 400 [SwitchC-Vlan-interface400] ospfv3 1 area 2 [SwitchC-Vlan-interface400] quit # Configure Switch D. system-view [SwitchD] ipv6 [SwitchD] ospfv3 [SwitchD-ospfv3-1] router-id 4.4.4.4 [SwitchD-ospfv3-1] quit [SwitchD] interface - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 232
IA Cost : 4 NextHop : FE80::F40D:0:93D0:1 Interface: Vlan400 3. Configure Area 2 as a stub area: # Configure Switch D [SwitchD] ospfv3 [SwitchD-ospfv3-1] area 2 [SwitchD-ospfv3-1-area-0.0.0.2] stub # Configure Switch C, and specify the cost of the default route sent to the stub area as 10 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 233
2 as a totally stub area: # Configure Area 2 as a totally stub area on Switch C. [SwitchC-ospfv3-1-area-0.0.0.2] stub no-summary # Display OSPFv3 routing table information on Switch D. Route entries are reduced. All non-direct routes are removed except the default route. [SwitchD] display ospfv3 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 234
SwitchA-ospfv3-1] quit [SwitchA] interface vlan-interface 100 [SwitchA-Vlan-interface100] ospfv3 1 area 0 [SwitchA-Vlan-interface100] quit # Configure Switch B. system-view [SwitchB] ipv6 [SwitchB] ospfv3 [SwitchB-ospfv3-1] router-id 2.2.2.2 [SwitchB-ospfv3-1] quit [SwitchB] interface vlan - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 235
Switch A. The switches have the same default DR priority 1. Then, Switch D (the switch with the highest Router ID) is elected as the DR, and Switch :31 Vlan100 0 3. Configure DR priorities for interfaces: # Configure the DR priority of VLAN-interface 100 as 100 on Switch A. [SwitchA] interface - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 236
shutdown commands on interfaces to restart DR and BDR election. (Details not shown.) # Display neighbor information on Switch A. Switch C becomes /Backup 00:00:32 Vlan100 0 Configuring OSPFv3 GR Network requirements As shown in Figure 80, Switch A, Switch B, and Switch C that belong to the same - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 237
Network diagram Configuration procedure 1. Configure IPv6 addresses for interfaces. (Details not shown.) 2. Configure OSPFv3 basic functions: # On Switch A, ] quit # Enable OSPFv3 on Switch B and set the router ID to 2.2.2.2. (By default, GR helper is enabled on Switch B). system-view [ - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 238
master/slave switchover on Switch A to trigger an OSPFv3 GR operation. Troubleshooting OSPFv3 configuration No OSPFv3 neighbor relationship 1. Use the display ospfv3 peer command to display neighbor information. 2. Use the display ospfv3 interface command to display OSPFv3 interface information. 3. - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 239
related information, see "Configuring BGP." The term "router" in this chapter refers to both routers and Layer 3 switches. IPv6 BGP overview BGP-4 was designed to carry only IPv4 routing information, so other network layer protocols such as IPv6 are not supported. To support multiple network layer - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 240
the following tasks: • Specify IP addresses for interfaces. • Enable IPv6 with the ipv6 command in system view. Configuration guidelines Create a peer group before configuring basic functions for it. For more information, see "Configuring IPv6 BGP peer group." Specifying an IPv6 BGP peer 230 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 241
ipv6-address prefix-length [ short-cut | route-policy Not added by default. route-policy-name ] Configuring a preferred value for routes from a peer or peer group If you both reference a routing policy and use the command peer { ipv6-group-name | ipv6-address } preferred-value value to set - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 242
To enhance stability of IPv6 BGP connections, HP recommends using a loopback interface as the -max-hop command to establish a multi-hop TCP connection in between. However, do not use this command for direct N/A Not configured by default. Configuring a description for an IPv6 peer or peer group - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 243
Step Command Remarks 1. Enter system view. system-view N/A 2. Enter BGP view. bgp as-number N/A 3. Enter IPv6 address family view. ipv6-family N/A Optional. Not configured by default. 4. Configure a description for an peer { ipv6-group-name | ipv6-address } The peer group to be IPv6 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 244
route summarization on BGP routers. BGP supports only manual summarization of IPv6 routes. To configure IPv6 BGP route summarization: Step 1. Enter system view. 2. Enter BGP view. 3. Enter IPv6 address family view. 4. Configure manual route summarization. Command system-view bgp as-number Remarks - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 245
Not advertised by default. With the peer default-route-advertise command executed, the local router advertises a default route with itself as the next hop to the specified IPv6 peer or peer group, regardless of whether the default route is available in the routing table. Configuring outbound route - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 246
inbound route filtering policies. To configure inbound route filtering: Step Command 1. Enter system view. system-view configured by default. Not applied by default. Not specified by default. Not specified by default. Not specified by default. Optional. Unlimited by default. Configuring - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 247
between IPv6 BGP and IGP. Command ipv6-family synchronization Remarks N/A Not enabled by default. Configuring route dampening Step 1. Enter system view. 2. Enter BGP view. 3. Enter IPv6 address family view. 4. Configure IPv6 BGP route dampening parameters. Command system-view bgp as-number - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 248
the MED attribute Step 1. Enter system view. 2. Enter BGP view. 3. Enter IPv6 address family view. Command system-view bgp as-number ipv6-family 4. Configure a default MED value. default med med-value 5. Enable the comparison of MED for routes from different EBGP peers. compare-different-as - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 249
can perform dynamic route update by using the new policy without tearing down connections. If a peer not supporting route-refresh exists in the network, you must configure the peer keep-all-routes command to save all routes from the peer. When the routing policy is changed, the system will update - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 250
the keepalive interval. Timers configured by using the timer command have lower priority than timers configured by using the peer timer command. Optional. The interval for sending the same update to an IBGP peer or an EBGP peer defaults to 15 seconds or 30 seconds. Configuring IPv6 BGP soft reset - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 251
by default. If the peer keep-all-routes 4. Save all routes from an IPv6 command is 5. Return to user view. return N/A 6. Soft-reset BGP connections manually. refresh bgp ipv6 configured on both sides for ORF capability negotiation, see Table 6. To enable the BGP ORF capability: Step Command - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 252
Command Remarks Optional. 5. Enable the non-standard ORF peer { group-name | capability for a BGP peer or ipv6-address } capability-advertise By default, standard BGP ORF peer group. orf non-standard capability defined in RFC 5291 and RFC 5292 is supported When a switch that supports 4-byte - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 253
service type of IPv6 packets. As defined in RFC 2474, the first six bits set the Differentiated Services Configure the maximum number of ECMP routes. Command system-view bgp as-number ipv6-family balance number Remarks N/A N/A N/A By default same authentication mode and password to establish a TCP - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 254
peer { ipv6-group-name | connection to the peer or peer ipv6-address } password { cipher | Not enabled by default. group. simple } password Configuring a large-scale IPv6 BGP network In a large-scale IPv6 BGP network, configuration and maintenance become inconvenient because of too many peers - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 255
an IPv6 peer into the peer group. Command system-view bgp as-number ipv6-family group ipv6-group-name external peer ipv6-group-name as-number as-number peer ipv6-address group ipv6-group-name Remarks N/A N/A N/A N/A Not configured by default. Not added by default. Creating a mixed EBGP peer group - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 256
to routes advertised to an IPv6 peer or peer group. Command system-view bgp as-number ipv6-family peer { ipv6-group-name | ipv6-address } route-policy route-policy-name export Remarks N/A N/A N/A Not applied by default. Configuring an IPv6 BGP route reflector Follow these guidelines when you - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 257
Step Command 6. Configure the cluster ID of the route reflector. reflector cluster-id cluster-id Remarks Optional. By default, a route reflector uses its router ID as the cluster ID. Displaying and maintaining IPv6 BGP Displaying BGP Task Command Remarks Display IPv6 BGP peer group - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 258
Command reset bgp ipv6 dampening [ ipv6-address prefix-length ] reset bgp ipv6 flap-info [ ipv6-address/prefix-length | as-path-acl as-path-acl-number | regexp as-path-regexp ] reset bgp ipv6 peer-ipv6-address flap-info Remarks Available in user view Available in user view IPv6 BGP configuration - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 259
bgp-af-ipv6] peer 9:1::2 as-number 65009 [SwitchB-bgp-af-ipv6] peer 9:3::2 as-number 65009 [SwitchB-bgp-af-ipv6] quit [SwitchB-bgp] quit # Configure Switch C. system-view [SwitchC] ipv6 [SwitchC] bgp 65009 [SwitchC-bgp] router-id 3.3.3.3 [SwitchC-bgp] ipv6-family [SwitchC-bgp-af-ipv6] peer - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 260
as-number 65009 [SwitchD-bgp-af-ipv6] peer 9:2::1 as-number 65009 [SwitchD-bgp-af-ipv6] quit [SwitchD-bgp] quit 3. Configure the EBGP connection: # Configure Switch A. system-view [SwitchA] ipv6 [SwitchA] bgp 65008 [SwitchA-bgp] router-id 1.1.1.1 [SwitchA-bgp] ipv6-family [SwitchA-bgp-af - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 261
-bgp] router-id 1.1.1.1 [SwitchA-bgp] ipv6-family [SwitchA-bgp-af-ipv6] peer 100::2 as-number 200 [SwitchA-bgp-af-ipv6] network 1:: 64 #Configure Switch B. system-view [SwitchB] ipv6 [SwitchB] bgp 200 [SwitchB-bgp] router-id 2.2.2.2 [SwitchB-bgp] ipv6-family [SwitchB-bgp-af-ipv6] peer 100 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 262
-bgp-af-ipv6] peer 102::2 reflect-client Use the display bgp ipv6 routing-table command on Switch B and Switch D; both of them learned the network 1::/64. Troubleshooting IPv6 BGP configuration IPv6 BGP peer relationship not established Symptom Display BGP peer information by using the display - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 263
list, and routing policy. ACL ACL involves IPv4 ACL and IPv6 ACL. An ACL is configured to match the destinations or next hops of routing information. For more information about ACL, see ACL and QoS Configuration Guide. IP prefix list IP prefix list involves IPv4 prefix list and IPv6 prefix list. An - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 264
go to the next item. AS path list An AS path list, configured based on the BGP AS_PATH attribute, can only be used to match BGP routing information clause specifies the next routing policy node to be matched. With this clause configured, when a route matches the current routing policy node, it continues to - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 265
Enter system view. 2. Define an IPv4 prefix list. Command system-view ip ip-prefix ip-prefix-name [ index less-equal max-mask-length ] Remarks N/A Not defined by default. If all the items are set to the deny mode, pass. For example, the following configuration filters routes 10.1.0.0/16, 10.2.0.0/ - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 266
default. If all items are set to the deny mode, no routes can pass the IPv6 prefix list. You must define the permit :: 0 less-equal 128 item following multiple deny items to allow other IPv6 routing information to pass. For example, the following configuration list: Step Command 1. Enter system - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 267
: Step 1. Enter system view. 2. Define an extended community list. Command system-view ip extcommunity-list ext-comm-list-number { deny | permit } { rt route-target }& Remarks N/A Not defined by default. Configuring a routing policy A routing policy is used to filter routing information - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 268
commands for matching IPv4 destination, next hop, and source address are different from those for matching IPv6 ones. • BGP does not support { acl acl-number | ip-prefix ip-prefix-name } Optional. Not configured by default. 4. Match IPv6 routing information whose if-match ipv6 { address | next- - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 269
. Match RIP, and OSPF routing information having the specified tag value. if-match tag value Optional. Not configured by default. Defining apply clauses Step Command Remarks 1. Enter system view. system-view N/A 2. Enter routing policy view. route-policy route-policy-name { deny | permit - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 270
tag value Optional. Not set by default. The difference between IPv4 and IPv6 apply clauses is the command for setting the next hop for routing information. Defining a continue clause Follow these guidelines when you define a continue clause: • If you configure the same type of apply clauses that - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 271
. 3. Specify the next routing policy node to be matched. Command Remarks system-view N/A route-policy route-policy-name { deny | permit } node node-number Not created by default. continue [ node-number ] Optional. Not configured by default. The node number specified must be larger than the - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 272
apply the routing policy to static route redistribution. [SwitchA] ripng [SwitchA-ripng-1] import-route static route-policy static2ripng 2. Configure Switch B: # Configure the IPv6 address for VLAN-interface 100. [SwitchB] ipv6 [SwitchB] interface vlan-interface 100 [SwitchB-Vlan-interface100] ipv6 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 273
requirements As shown in Figure 84, all the switches run BGP. Switch C establishes eBGP connections with other switches. Configure a routing policy on Switch D to reject routes from AS 200. Figure 84 Network diagram Configuration procedure 1. Configure IP addresses for the interfaces. (Details not - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 274
router-id 3.3.3.3 [SwitchC-bgp] peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 100 [SwitchC-bgp] peer 1.1.2.1 as-number 200 [SwitchC-bgp] peer 1.1.3.2 as-number 400 # Configure Switch D. system-view [SwitchD] bgp 400 [SwitchD-bgp] router-id 4.4.4.4 [SwitchD-bgp] peer 1.1.3.1 as-number 300 [SwitchD-bgp] quit # On - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 275
that Switch D has learned only routes 4.4.4.0/24, 5.5.5.0/24, and 6.6.6.0/24 from AS 100. Troubleshooting routing policy configuration IPv4 be configured as permit mode, and at least one node in the routing policy must be configured as permit mode. Solution 1. Use the display ip ip-prefix command - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 276
failed. Analysis At least one item of the IPv6 prefix list must be configured as permit mode, and at least one node of the routing policy must be configured as permit mode. Solution 1. Use the display ip ipv6-prefix command to display IP prefix list information. 2. Use the display route-policy - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 277
3 switches. This chapter covers MCE related configuration. For information about routing protocols, see Layer 3-IP Services Configuration Guide. MCE VPN packets on service provider backbones. MPLS L3VPN provides flexible networking modes, excellent scalability, and convenient support for MPLS QoS - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 278
to exchange routing information. You can also configure static routes between them. After a PE PE functions as the ingress Label Switching Router (LSR), the egress that does not rely on any service provider network to implement. • of the corresponding site. If a user at a site belongs to multiple - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 279
-IPv4 address family to solve the problem with traditional BGP. A VPN-IPv4 from different service providers and are using the same IPv4 address space. Configure a distinct 32-bit AS number:16-bit user-defined number, where the minimum value supports the following types of route target attributes: 269 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 280
services. To meet these requirements, you can configure a CE for each VPN, which increases users' device expenses and maintenance costs. Or, you can configure ) function of the switch, you can remove the contradiction of low cost and high security in multi-VPN networks. With MCE configured, a CE can - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 281
according to the VLAN tag of the packet and passes the packet to the corresponding tunnel. Configuring routing on an MCE Interface-to-VPN-instance binding enables MCEs and PEs to determine the and MCE. For information about the routing protocols, see Layer 3-IP Routing Configuration Guide. 271 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 282
problem until the emergence of MCE. MCE allows static-route-to-VPN-instance binding, which isolates the static routes of different VPNs. RIP The switch OSPF domain ID by configuring the domain-id command in OSPF view. loops, configure route tags for different VPN instances on each MCE. HP recommends - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 283
configuration and route import, see Layer 3-IP Routing Configuration Guide. Configuring an MCE Configuring VPN instances Configuring Configure an RD for the VPN instance. 4. Configure a description for the VPN instance. Command can add a management Ethernet interface on the switch to a VPN so that - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 284
is associated with an interface by default. NOTE: The ip binding vpn-instance command clears the IP address of the interface on which it is configured. Be sure to reconfigure an IP address for the interface after configuring the command. Configuring route-related attributes of a VPN instance - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 285
policy to the current VPN instance. import route-policy route-policy export route-policy route-policy Remarks Optional. Not configured by default. Setting the maximum number of routes for a VPN instance to support is for preventing too many routes from being redistributed into the PE. Optional. By - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 286
Configure the default precedence for static routes. ip route-static default-preference default-preference-value Optional. 60 by default. Configuring RIP, see Layer 3-IP Routing Configuration Guide. To configure RIP between MCE and VPN site: Step Command Remarks 1. Enter system view. system - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 287
3-IP Routing Configuration Guide. To configure OSPF between MCE and VPN site: Step Command Remarks 1. configuration on the MCE. On a VPN site, create a normal OSPF process. 3. Configure the OSPF domain ID. domain-id domain-id [ secondary ] Optional. 0 by default. Perform this configuration - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 288
-policy-name ] * By default, no route redistribution is configured. 7. Configure a filtering policy to filter Configuration Guide. 2. Configure a VPN site: Step 1. Enter system view. 2. Enter BGP view. 3. Configure the MCE as the EBGP peer. 4. Redistribute the IGP routes of the VPN. Command - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 289
of each VPN instance on the VPN sites. 1. Configure the MCE: Step Command Remarks 1. Enter system view. system-view N/A 2. Enter group-name | ip-address } reflect-client Optional. By default, no RR or RR client is configured. 6. Redistribute remote site routes advertised by the PE. import - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 290
preference-value ] [ tag tag-value ] [ description description-text ] ip route-static default-preference default-preference-value Optional. 60 by default. Configuring RIP between MCE and PE Step Command 1. Enter system view. system-view 2. Create a RIP process for a VPN instance and - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 291
created. By default, an interface neither belongs to any area nor runs OSPF. Configuring EBGP between MCE and PE Step 1. Enter system view. 2. Enter BGP view. 3. Enter BGP-VPN instance view. 4. Configure the PE as the EBGP peer. 5. Redistribute the VPN routes of the VPN site. Command system-view - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 292
. By default, BGP does not filter the received routes. NOTE: BGP runs within a VPN in the same way as it runs within a public network. For more information about BGP, see Layer 3-IP Routing Configuration Guide. Configuring IBGP between MCE and PE Step 1. Enter system view. Command system-view - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 293
configurations take effect. Soft reset requires that BGP peers have route refreshment capability (supporting Route-Refresh messages). Step Command | group group-name } Available in user view Displaying and maintaining MCE Task Command Remarks Display information about the routing table - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 294
instance-name dampening [ network-address [ mask | mask-length ] Available in user view Clear route flap history information about a BGP peer of a VPN instance number | regexp as-path-regexp ] Available in user view For commands to display information about a routing table, see Layer 3-IP Routing - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 295
to VPN 2 through VLAN-interface 20. RIP runs in VPN 2. Configure the MCE device to separate routes from different VPNs and advertise the VPN routes to PE 1 through OSPF. Figure 88 Network diagram Configuration procedure Assume that the system name of the MCE device is MCE, the - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 296
address 10.214.20.3 24 [MCE-Vlan-interface20] quit # On PE 1, configure VPN instances vpn1 and vpn2, specify an RD and route targets for each VPN Add ports to VLANs correctly. (Details not shown.) # On VR 1, configure a default route with the next hop as 10.214.10.3. system-view [VR1] - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 297
address 10.214.20.2/24 to the interface connected to MCE and 192.168.10.1/24 to the interface connected to VPN 2. (Details not shown.) # Configure RIP, and advertise subnets 192.168.10.0 and 10.214.20.0. system-view [VR2] rip 20 [VR2-rip-20] network 192.168.10.0 [VR2 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 298
address 40.1.1.1 24 [MCE-Vlan-interface40] quit # On PE 1, create VLAN 30 and VLAN-interface 30, bind the VLAN interface with VPN instance vpn1, and configure an IP address for the VLAN interface. [PE1] vlan 30 [PE1-vlan30] quit [PE1] interface vlan-interface 30 [PE1-Vlan-interface30] ip binding vpn - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 299
to the OSPF routing table of PE 1. Take similar procedures to configure OSPF process 20 between MCE and PE 1 and redistribute VPN 2's routing routes to the PE Network requirements As shown in Figure 89, use an Ethernet switch as the MCE device. Advertise the VPN routes in site 1 and site 2 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 300
between the MCE and VPN sites: # Start an OSPF process on the devices in the two VPNs and advertise the subnets. (Details not shown.) # Configure OSPF on the MCE, and bind OSPF process 10 with VPN instance vpn1 to learn the routes of VPN 1. system-view [MCE] ospf router- - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 301
private route of VPN 1 through OSPF process 10. # On MCE, bind OSPF process 20 with VPN instance vpn2 to learn the routes of VPN 2. The configuration procedure is similar to that for OSPF process 10. The following output shows that the MCE has learned the private route of VPN 2 through OSPF - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 302
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 192.168.0.0/24 BGP 255 2 30.1.1.1 Vlan30 # Perform similar configuration on the MCE and PE 1 for VPN 2. Redistribute the OSPF routes of VPN instance vpn2 into the EBGP routing table. (Details not shown.) - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 303
criteria) to route packets. This Switch Series implements PBR by using a QoS policy. The QoS policy uses QoS traffic classification to define match criteria, and uses the redirection action of traffic behavior to guide packet forwarding. This implementation method supports both IPv4 and IPv6 unicast - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 304
Step 9. Associate the class with the traffic behavior in the QoS policy. Command classifier tcl-name behavior behavior-name Remarks N/A Applying the QoS policy When configuring PBR, you can apply a QoS policy to the following occasions: • Applied globally-Affects the traffic sent or received on - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 305
| { begin | exclude | include } regular-expression ] Available in user view PBR configuration examples IPv4 PBR configuration example Network requirements As shown in Figure 90, redirect all packets received on GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 of Switch A to the next hop 202.1.1.2. Figure 90 Network diagram - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 306
example Network requirements As shown in Figure 91, redirect all packets received on GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 of Switch A to the next hop 202::2. Figure 91 Network diagram Configuration procedure # Configure IPv6 ACL 2000. system-view [SwitchA] acl ipv6 number 2000 [SwitchA-acl6-basic-2000 - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 307
of GigabitEthernet 1/0/1. [SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1 [SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] qos apply policy a inbound Verifying th configuration After completing the configuration, verify that when Switch A receives packets with destination IP address 201::2, it forwards the packets to - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 308
HP A-Series Acronyms. Websites • HP.com http://www.hp.com • HP Networking http://www.hp.com/go/networking • HP manuals http://www.hp.com/support/manuals • HP download drivers and software http://www.hp.com/support/downloads • HP software depot http://www.software.hp.com • HP Education http://www.hp - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 309
Command conventions Convention Boldface Italic [ ] { x | y | ... } [ x | y | ... ] { x | y | ... } * [ x | y | ... ] * & # Description Bold text represents commands and menu items are in bold text. For example, the New User window appears; click OK. Multi-level menus are separated by angle - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 310
, or firewall. Represents a routing-capable device, such as a router or Layer 3 switch. Represents a generic switch, such as a Layer 2 or Layer 3 switch, or a router that supports Layer 2 forwarding and other Layer 2 features. Port numbering in examples The port numbers in this document are for - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 311
RIPng route control,195 Configuring routing on an MCE,271 Configuring routing on an MCE,275 Contacting HP,298 Controlling route distribution and reception,136 Controlling route distribution and reception,233 Controlling route generation,134 Conventions,299 D Default IPv6 route,188 Defining - HP 6125G | HP 6125G & 6125G/XG Blade Switches Layer 3 - IP Routing Confi - Page 312
Routing table,1 S Static route configuration examples,10 T Troubleshooting BGP,186 Troubleshooting IPv6 BGP configuration,252 Troubleshooting OSPF configuration,116 Troubleshooting OSPFv3 configuration,228 Troubleshooting RIP,47 Troubleshooting routing policy configuration,265 Tuning and optimizing
HP 6125 Blade Switch Series
Layer 3 - IP Routing
Configuration Guide
Part number: 5998-3157
Software version: Release 2103
Document version: 6W100-20120907